volleyball
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A2 noun /ˈvɒlibɔːl/

volleyball

Volleyball
Meaning
a team sport in which players hit a ball over a high net using their hands
Example
She plays volleyball with her friends every weekend.
Sie spielt jedes Wochenende Volleyball mit ihren Freunden.
C1 verb /vɪə(r)/

veer

plötzlich die Richtung ändern
Meaning
to change direction suddenly
Example
The car veered off the road to avoid the accident.
Das Auto lenkte plötzlich von der Straße ab, um den Unfall zu vermeiden.
C1 noun /vərˈnækjələr/

vernacular

Vernakularsprache
Meaning
the language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular region
Example
He gave his speech in the local vernacular so everyone could understand.
Er hielt seine Rede in der lokalen Vernakularsprache, damit jeder es verstehen konnte.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv/

vegetative

bezüglich Wachstum oder der grundlegenden Lebensprozesse
Meaning
relating to growth or the basic processes of life, often without conscious thought or activity
Example
The patient remained in a vegetative state after the accident.
Der Patient blieb nach dem Unfall in einem vegetativen Zustand.
C1 adjective /ˈviːəmənt/

Vehement

heftig; intensiv; leidenschaftlich; energisch
Meaning
showing strong feeling; forceful; passionate; intense
Example
She gave a vehement denial of the accusations.
Sie gab eine heftige Ablehnung der Anschuldigungen.
A2 noun /vəˈkæbjʊləri/

vocabulary

Wortschatz
Meaning
the set of words known and used by a person, group, or language; the words used in a particular field or subject
Example
Reading every day helps improve your vocabulary.
Tägliches Lesen verbessert deinen Wortschatz.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkeɪtɪv/

vindicative

rechtfertigend
Meaning
showing a tendency to vindicate or justify; inclined to defend
Example
Her vindicative tone showed that she strongly believed in her innocence.
Ihr vindikativer Ton zeigte, dass sie fest an ihre Unschuld glaubte.
C2 adjective /vɜːrˈtɪdʒɪnəs/

vertiginous

schwindelerregend
Meaning
Causing dizziness due to great height or steepness.
Example
The tourists looked down from the vertiginous cliffs with awe.
Die Touristen schauten mit Ehrfurcht von den schwindelerregenden Klippen hinunter.
B1 noun /ˈviːzə/

visa

Visum
Meaning
an official authorization or permission to enter, leave, or stay in a country
Example
She applied for a visa to study abroad.
Sie beantragte ein Visum, um im Ausland zu studieren.
C2 noun ˈvɜː.mɪ.kʌl.tʃər

vermiculture

Wurmzucht
Meaning
The cultivation of earthworms, especially for use in composting organic waste.
Example
Vermiculture enriches soil with natural nutrients.
Vermiculture bereichert den Boden mit natürlichen Nährstoffen.
C2 noun /ˈvɪrjʊləns/

virulence

Virulenz
Meaning
The severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.
Example
Scientists studied the virulence of the new virus strain.
Wissenschaftler untersuchten die Virulenz des neuen Virus-Stamms.
A1 adverb /ˈver.i/

Very

sehr; extrem; äußerst
Meaning
to a high degree; extremely; greatly
Example
She is very intelligent and works very hard.
Sie ist sehr intelligent und arbeitet sehr hart.
B2 verb /ˈvɒmɪt/

vomit

erbrechen
Meaning
to bring up food from the stomach through the mouth; to be sick
Example
The patient began to vomit after taking the medication.
Der Patient begann zu erbrechen, nachdem er das Medikament eingenommen hatte.
C2 noun ˈvaɪ.və ˈvəʊs

viva voce

mündliche Prüfung
Meaning
An oral examination, typically for an academic qualification.
Example
Viva Voce tests communication skills.
Viva Voce Prüfungen bewerten Kommunikationsfähigkeiten.
B2 noun ˈvaɪtəl rɪˈsɔːrsɪz

vital resources

wichtige Ressourcen
Meaning
Essential assets or supplies that are crucial for survival and development.
Example
Water is one of Bangladesh's vital resources.
Wasser ist eine der wichtigsten Ressourcen von Bangladesch.
B1 noun /ˈvæk.siːn/

Vaccine

Impfstoff
Meaning
a substance that is put into the body to prevent a disease
Example
The COVID-19 vaccine has helped reduce severe illness.
Der COVID-19-Impfstoff hat dazu beigetragen, schwere Krankheiten zu reduzieren.
A2 verb /voʊt/

vote

wählen
Meaning
to make a choice in an election; to express preference
Example
Citizens vote to choose their representatives.
Bürger wählen, um ihre Vertreter auszuwählen.
C2 noun /vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd/

vicissitude

Wechsel des Lebens
Meaning
A natural change or succession of one thing to another; the ups and downs of life.
Example
The vicissitude of life often teaches resilience.
Die Wechsel des Lebens lehren oft Resilienz.
C2 noun /ˈvoʊkəbəl/

vocable

Wort
Meaning
a word, term, or sound that has meaning
Example
The dictionary contained thousands of vocables from different languages.
Das Wörterbuch enthielt Tausende von Vokabeln aus verschiedenen Sprachen.
C1 adjective vəˈreɪ.ʃəs

voracious

gefräßig
Meaning
Having a very eager approach to an activity; wanting or devouring great quantities of food or having an insatiable appetite.
Example
He has a voracious appetite for knowledge.
Er hat einen gefräßigen Hunger nach Wissen.
C2 verb /ˈvaɪtəlaɪz/

vitalize

vitalisieren
Meaning
To give life, energy, or strength to something.
Example
Fresh air and exercise can vitalize the body and mind.
Frische Luft und Bewegung können den Körper und Geist vitalisieren.
C1 noun /ˈvɛriəns/

variance

Varianz
Meaning
the state of being different or inconsistent; in statistics, a measure of the spread between numbers
Example
There is a wide variance in students' performance levels.
Es gibt eine große Varianz in den Leistungsniveaus der Studenten.
C2 noun /ˈvɜːrdɪɡriːs/

verdigris

grüne oder blaue Ablagerung
Meaning
A green or bluish deposit that forms on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces due to oxidation.
Example
The old statue was covered in verdigris after years of exposure to the rain.
Die alte Statue war nach Jahren der Regenexposition mit Verdigris bedeckt.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪsrɔɪ/

viceroy

Vizekönig
Meaning
a ruler exercising authority on behalf of a sovereign in a colony or province
Example
The viceroy governed the colony in the king's name.
Der Vizekönig regierte die Kolonie im Namen des Königs.
B1 noun /vaɪəˈlɪn/

Violin

Geige
Meaning
a musical instrument with four strings that is played with a bow
Example
She plays the violin beautifully in the orchestra.
Sie spielt wunderschön Geige im Orchester.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lənt/

Violent

gewalttätig; aggressiv
Meaning
using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; very forceful or powerful
Example
The violent storm caused significant damage to the coastal areas.
Der gewalttätige Sturm verursachte erhebliche Schäden in den Küstengebieten.
B2 adjective /ˈveɪ.kənt/

Vacant

leer; nicht besetzt; verfügbar
Meaning
empty; not occupied; available
Example
There is a vacant apartment on the second floor.
Es gibt eine leere Wohnung im zweiten Stock.
C1 noun /veɪl/

vale

Tal
Meaning
A valley, often used in a poetic or literary sense.
Example
The village lay hidden in a quiet green vale.
Das Dorf lag verborgen in einem ruhigen grünen Tal.
B2 noun /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/

Violation

Verletzung; Verstoß gegen Regeln
Meaning
the action of violating someone or something; the action of breaking or failing to comply with a rule or formal agreement
Example
The company was fined for violation of environmental regulations.
Das Unternehmen wurde mit einer Geldstrafe belegt, weil es die Umweltvorschriften verletzt hatte.
C1 noun /ˈvaɪəˌleɪtər/

violator

Verletzer
Meaning
A person who breaks or disregards a law, rule, or agreement.
Example
The police caught the traffic violator at the intersection.
Die Polizei erwischte den Verkehrsverletzer an der Kreuzung.
A2 noun /ˈvæk.juːm ˈkliː.nər/

Vaccum cleaner

Staubsauger
Meaning
an electrical appliance that uses suction to remove dirt and dust from carpets and floors
Example
She used the vacuum cleaner to clean the living room carpet.
Sie benutzte den Staubsauger, um den Teppich im Wohnzimmer zu reinigen.
C1 noun /ˈvenɪsən/

Venison

Rehfleisch
Meaning
meat from a deer used as food
Example
The restaurant serves delicious venison steaks.
Das Restaurant serviert köstliche Rehsteaks.
B1 adjective /ˈvɪʒuəl/

visual

visuell
Meaning
Relating to seeing or sight.
Example
The movie was praised for its stunning visual effects.
Der Film wurde für seine beeindruckenden visuellen Effekte gelobt.
C2 noun /ˌvæs.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən/

Vacillation

Zögern
Meaning
the inability to decide between different opinions or actions; indecision
Example
His constant vacillation between career choices frustrated his parents.
Seine ständige Zögern zwischen Karrierentscheidungen frustrierte seine Eltern.
B1 adjective /ˈvælɪd/

Valid

gültig; rechtlich oder offiziell akzeptiert
Meaning
legally or officially acceptable; having a sound basis in logic or fact
Example
The passport is valid for ten years.
Der Reisepass ist für zehn Jahre gültig.
B2 noun /veɪn/

Vein

Ader; Vene
Meaning
a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart; a streak or marking of a different color
Example
The nurse found a vein in his arm to draw blood.
Die Krankenschwester fand eine Vene in seinem Arm, um Blut zu entnehmen.
B2 adjective /ˈvaɪtl/

vital

lebenswichtig
Meaning
essential or necessary for life or success
Example
It's vital to stay hydrated during the summer.
Es ist wichtig, im Sommer hydratisiert zu bleiben.
B1 noun /ˈvɪn.ɪ.ɡər/

Vinegar

Essig
Meaning
a sour liquid made from fermented alcohol, used for cooking and preserving
Example
I added vinegar to the salad dressing for extra flavor.
Ich habe Essig zum Salatdressing hinzugefügt, um mehr Geschmack zu bekommen.
B2 noun /ˈvel.vɪt/

Velvet

samt
Meaning
a soft, luxurious fabric with a thick, short pile on one side
Example
The royal curtains were made of rich red velvet.
Die königlichen Vorhänge waren aus reichhaltigem roten Samt gemacht.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljuːləs/

valueless

wertlos
Meaning
having no worth, importance, or usefulness
Example
The old broken phone was considered valueless.
Das alte kaputte Telefon wurde als wertlos angesehen.
C1 adjective /ˈvendʒ.fəl/

Vengeful

rächerisch
Meaning
seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury; vindictive
Example
She felt vengeful after her friend betrayed her trust.
Sie fühlte sich rachsüchtig, nachdem ihre Freundin ihr Vertrauen verraten hatte.
C2 adjective /ˈvælərəs/

valorous

tapfer
Meaning
showing great courage and bravery
Example
The valorous soldier led his troop into battle without hesitation.
Der tapfere Soldat führte seine Truppen ohne Zögern in die Schlacht.
A2 noun /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Vacation

Urlaub
Meaning
a period of time when someone does not go to work or school but is free to do what they want, such as travel or relax
Example
I'm planning a vacation to the beach next summer.
Ich plane, nächsten Sommer Urlaub am Strand zu machen.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜːrtɪkl/

vertical

vertikal
Meaning
Standing or pointing straight up; perpendicular to the ground.
Example
The skyscraper has a perfectly vertical design.
Der Wolkenkratzer hat ein perfekt vertikales Design.
B2 verb /ˈvaɪəleɪt/

violate

verstoßen
Meaning
to break or go against a rule or law; to disrespect
Example
Parking here violates the city regulations.
Hier parken verstößt gegen die Stadtvorschriften.
B2 verb /ˈvælɪdeɪt/

validate

validieren
Meaning
To check or prove the accuracy, truth, or legality of something.
Example
The scientist worked hard to validate the experiment's results.
Der Wissenschaftler hat hart gearbeitet, um die Ergebnisse des Experiments zu validieren.
C2 adjective /vɪˈtjuːpərətɪv/

vituperative

schimpfend
Meaning
Characterized by abusive or harsh language.
Example
The teacher’s vituperative remarks left the students in tears.
Die schimpfenden Bemerkungen des Lehrers ließen die Schüler in Tränen zurück.
C2 noun /ˈvoʊtəri/

votary

Anhänger
Meaning
A devoted follower or admirer of someone or something.
Example
He is a votary of classical music and attends every concert.
Er ist ein Anhänger der klassischen Musik und besucht jedes Konzert.
B2 noun ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən

ventilation

Belüftung
Meaning
The provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc.
Example
Proper ventilation is essential for maintaining air quality.
Eine angemessene Belüftung ist entscheidend, um die Luftqualität zu erhalten.
B2 adjective /ˈvaɪ.brənt/

Vibrant

lebendig; energiegeladen; strahlend
Meaning
full of energy and life; bright and striking
Example
The vibrant colors of the sunset painted the sky beautifully.
Die lebendigen Farben des Sonnenuntergangs malten den Himmel wunderschön.
C2 adjective /vəˈreɪʃəs/

veracious

wahrheitsgemäß
Meaning
Truthful, honest; habitually speaking the truth.
Example
She gave a veracious account of what happened that day.
Sie gab einen wahrheitsgemäßen Bericht über das, was an diesem Tag passiert ist.
C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɪˌɡoʊ/

vertigo

Glück
Meaning
A sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain.
Example
She felt a sudden vertigo when she looked down from the tall building.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
B2 noun /ˈven.juː/

Venue

Veranstaltungsort
Meaning
a place where an event or activity takes place
Example
The wedding venue was beautifully decorated.
Der Veranstaltungsort der Hochzeit war wunderschön dekoriert.
C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɛks/

vertex

Gipfel
Meaning
The highest point; the top or the apex.
Example
The climber reached the vertex of the mountain.
Der Bergsteiger erreichte den Gipfel des Berges.
C2 noun /voʊˈsɪfərəns/

vociferance

laut rufen
Meaning
the act of shouting or making a loud outcry
Example
The vociferance of the protesters filled the streets.
Die Vociferance der Demonstranten füllte die Straßen.
C2 noun /ˌvælədɪkˈtɔːriən/

valedictorian

bester Schüler
Meaning
The student with the highest academic achievements in a graduating class, often chosen to give the farewell speech.
Example
She was honored as the valedictorian of her class.
Sie wurde als bester Schüler ihrer Klasse geehrt.
B2 noun /ˈvɪɡ.ər/

Vigour

körperliche Stärke und gute Gesundheit; Anstrengung, Energie und Enthusiasmus
Meaning
physical strength and good health; effort, energy, and enthusiasm
Example
She approached her work with renewed vigour after the vacation.
Nach dem Urlaub ging sie ihre Arbeit mit neuer Energie an.
C2 noun /ˈvɪtəlz/

victuals

Proviant
Meaning
Food or provisions, especially for human consumption.
Example
The travelers packed enough victuals for their long journey.
Die Reisenden packten genug Proviant für ihre lange Reise.
C2 adjective /ˌvɪtriˈɑːlɪk/

vitriolic

bitter kritisierend
Meaning
filled with bitter criticism or malice
Example
His vitriolic remarks hurt everyone in the room.
Seine scharfen Bemerkungen verletzten jeden im Raum.
B2 verb /ˈvænɪʃ/

vanish

verschwinden
Meaning
to disappear suddenly; to become invisible
Example
The magician made the rabbit vanish from the hat.
Der Zauberer ließ das Kaninchen aus dem Hut verschwinden.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

Vitamin
Meaning
a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.
Obst und Gemüse sind reich an Vitaminen.
C1 noun /ˌvəʊ.kəl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

vocalization

Vokalisierung, Ausdruck von Gedanken oder Gefühlen in gesprochenen Worten
Meaning
The action of producing sounds with the voice; the expression of thoughts or feelings in spoken words.
Example
The vocalization of the singer captivated the audience.
Die Vokalisierung des Sängers fesselte das Publikum.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪrəl/

virile

viril
Meaning
having traditionally masculine qualities, such as strength, energy, and sexual vigor
Example
The actor was admired for his virile appearance.
Der Schauspieler wurde für sein viriles Aussehen bewundert.
C2 adjective /ˈvækjuəs/

vacuous

leer
Meaning
Having or showing a lack of thought or intelligence; mindless.
Example
She gave a vacuous smile during the serious discussion.
Sie gab während der ernsten Diskussion ein leeres Lächeln.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪskəs/

viscous

viskos
Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.
Example
Honey is a viscous liquid that flows slowly.
Honig ist eine viskose Flüssigkeit, die langsam fließt.
C2 verb /ˈvɛəriəˌɡeɪt/

variegate

variieren
Meaning
To diversify or mark with different colors or patterns.
Example
The artist used different shades to variegate the design.
Der Künstler benutzte verschiedene Schattierungen, um das Design zu variieren.
A2 verb /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

visiting

besuchen
Meaning
Going to see and spend time with someone or at a place.
Example
The group is visiting islands during the expedition.
Die Gruppe besucht während der Expedition Inseln.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.sə.taɪl/

versatile

vielseitig
Meaning
Able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many uses or applications.
Example
He is a versatile musician who can play multiple instruments.
Er ist ein vielseitiger Musiker, der mehrere Instrumente spielen kann.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛəriəˌɡeɪtɪd/

variegated

bunt gefärbt
Meaning
Having different colors, especially in irregular patches or streaks.
Example
The garden was full of variegated plants.
Der Garten war voller bunt gefärbter Pflanzen.
B1 noun /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/

Vegetarian

Vegetarier
Meaning
a person who does not eat meat or fish; relating to vegetarians or vegetarianism
Example
She became a vegetarian for health and environmental reasons.
Sie wurde Vegetarierin aus gesundheitlichen und ökologischen Gründen.
C1 verb /ˈvɪn.dɪ.keɪt/

vindicate

rechtfertigen
Meaning
To clear someone of blame or suspicion; to show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.
Example
The new evidence helped vindicate the wrongly accused man.
Die neuen Beweise halfen, den zu Unrecht beschuldigten Mann zu rechtfertigen.
B2 verb /ˈvaɪbreɪt/

vibrate

vibrieren
Meaning
To move or cause to move continuously and rapidly back and forth.
Example
The phone began to vibrate on the table.
Das Telefon begann zu vibrieren auf dem Tisch.
B1 noun /ˈvɪərər/

viewer

Zuschauer
Meaning
a person who watches something, especially television or video content
Example
The viewer is able to switch channels with the remote control.
Der Zuschauer kann mit der Fernbedienung den Kanal wechseln.
C2 noun /ˈveɪnɡlɔːri/

vainglory

Eitelkeit
Meaning
Excessive vanity or boastfulness about one's achievements.
Example
His speech was filled with vainglory and self-praise.
Seine Rede war voller Eitelkeit und Eigenlob.
C2 adjective /ˈviːnəl/

venal

bestechlich
Meaning
willing to do dishonest things in return for money; corrupt
Example
The politician was accused of being venal and corrupt.
Der Politiker wurde beschuldigt, bestechlich und korrupt zu sein.
C2 adjective /vɛˈstɪdʒiəl/

vestigial

vestigial
Meaning
Relating to a small, undeveloped remnant of something that was once much larger or more functional.
Example
Humans have a vestigial tailbone that no longer serves its original purpose.
Menschen haben ein vestigiales Steißbein, das seine ursprüngliche Funktion nicht mehr erfüllt.
C2 verb /ˈvɪlɪfaɪ/

vilify

Glück
Meaning
to speak or write about someone in an abusive or disparaging manner
Example
The politician was vilified in the media for his controversial remarks.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
B1 noun /ˈviː.ɪ.kəlz/

Vehicles

Fahrzeuge
Meaning
machines used for transporting people or goods from one place to another
Example
There are many different types of vehicles on the road today.
Es gibt heute viele verschiedene Arten von Fahrzeugen auf der Straße.
C2 noun /ˈveɪɡəri/

vagary

unerwartete Veränderung
Meaning
An unexpected and inexplicable change in a situation or someone's behavior.
Example
The vagaries of the weather made planning difficult.
Die Launen des Wetters erschwerten die Planung.
B2 noun /ˌvɪz.ɪˈbɪlɪti/

visibility

Sichtbarkeit
Meaning
The state of being able to see or be seen; exposure or prominence.
Example
Increased visibility on social media can help businesses grow.
Erhöhte Sichtbarkeit in den sozialen Medien kann Unternehmen helfen, zu wachsen.
C1 noun /ˈvɔːrtɛks/

vortex

Strudel
Meaning
A mass of whirling fluid or air, especially a whirlpool or whirlwind.
Example
The plane was caught in a dangerous vortex of air.
Das Flugzeug wurde in einen gefährlichen Luftstrudel geraten.
B2 noun /ˈvendə(r)/

Vendor

Verkäufer
Meaning
a person or company offering something for sale, especially a trader in the street
Example
The street vendor sold fresh fruits and vegetables.
Der Straßenverkäufer verkaufte frisches Obst und Gemüse.
C2 noun /ˈvɛstmənt/

vestment

religiöse Kleidung
Meaning
a garment, especially a ceremonial or official robe worn during religious services
Example
The priest wore a golden vestment during the ceremony.
Der Priester trug während der Zeremonie ein goldenes Gewand.
C2 verb /voʊˈsɪfəˌreɪt/

vociferate

laut protestieren
Meaning
to shout, complain, or argue loudly or vehemently
Example
The protesters vociferated against the unfair law.
Die Protestierenden riefen laut gegen das ungerechte Gesetz.
C1 noun/verb /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

varnish

Lack
Meaning
A liquid that is applied to wood or other materials to form a hard, shiny surface; also to apply such a liquid.
Example
The carpenter varnished the table to give it a glossy finish.
Der Tischler lackierte den Tisch, um ihm eine glänzende Oberfläche zu geben.
B1 abbreviation /vərsəs/

vs

gegen
Meaning
used to indicate opposition or contrast between two things
Example
The match was Brazil vs Argentina in the final.
Das Spiel war Brasilien gegen Argentinien im Finale.
C1 verb /vəˈkeɪt/

vacate

räumen
Meaning
to leave a place; to make empty by leaving
Example
The tenants must vacate the apartment by the end of the month.
Die Mieter müssen die Wohnung bis Ende des Monats räumen.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪ.ə.ləns/

Violence

Gewalt; Brutalität; extreme Intensität
Meaning
behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; extreme force or intensity
Example
The government condemned all forms of violence against civilians.
Die Regierung verurteilte alle Formen von Gewalt gegen Zivilisten.
C1 noun /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl ˈfɑː.mɪŋ/

vertical farming

vertikale Landwirtschaft
Meaning
The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
Example
Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.
Vertikale Landwirtschaft gewährleistet eine maximale Raumnutzung in städtischen Gebieten.
C2 noun /vɜːrˈtuː/

virtu

Liebhaber von Kunst
Meaning
a love of or taste for fine art, antiques, or curiosities
Example
The collector’s house was filled with objects of virtu.
Das Haus des Sammlers war voller Objekte der Virtu.
B2 noun ˌvɒlənˈtɪər ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən

volunteer organization

freiwillige Organisation
Meaning
A nonprofit group of people who offer their services willingly without payment for a cause.
Example
BD Clean is a volunteer organization promoting recycling.
BD Clean ist eine freiwillige Organisation, die Recycling fördert.
C2 verb /ˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

vivify

belebend
Meaning
to give life or energy to something; to animate or enliven
Example
The teacher’s enthusiasm helped vivify the boring lecture.
Die Begeisterung des Lehrers half, den langweiligen Vortrag zu beleben.
B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

Reise; Seereise
Meaning
a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
Example
The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.
Die Schiffsreise über den Atlantik dauerte zwei Wochen.
C2 adjective /ˈviː.ni.əl/

Venial

verzeihbar; nicht wirklich falsch; geringfügig
Meaning
forgivable; not seriously wrong; minor
Example
His late arrival was considered a venial offense.
Seine späte Ankunft wurde als verzeihliches Vergehen betrachtet.
C2 noun vəˈlɪʃən

volition

Wille
Meaning
The faculty or power of using one's will; the power of choosing or determining.
Example
She left the job of her own volition.
Sie verließ den Job aus eigener Volition.
B2 noun /ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

verification

Verifizierung
Meaning
The process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.
Example
The bank requires verification of identity before opening an account.
Die Bank verlangt eine Identitätsverifizierung, bevor ein Konto eröffnet wird.
C2 adjective /ˈvoʊtɪv/

votive

votiv
Meaning
Offered or dedicated in fulfillment of a vow.
Example
She lit a votive candle in the church as a prayer.
Sie zündete eine votive Kerze in der Kirche als Gebet an.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.bəl/

verbal

verbal, durch Worte ausgedrückt
Meaning
Relating to or in the form of words; spoken rather than written.
Example
Verbal communication is essential in most situations.
Verbale Kommunikation ist in den meisten Situationen wichtig.
C1 noun /ˈves.tɪdʒ/

Vestige

Spur
Meaning
a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing or no longer exists
Example
No vestige of the ancient city remains.
Kein Spur der alten Stadt bleibt übrig.
C1 adjective /ˈven.ə.məs/

Venomous

giftig; bösartig;
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
Die giftige Schlange griff schnell ihr Opfer an.
C1 adjective /vɜːrˈboʊs/

verbose

wortreich
Meaning
Using or expressed in more words than are needed; wordy.
Example
His verbose explanation confused the audience instead of clarifying the issue.
Seine wortreiche Erklärung verwirrte das Publikum, anstatt das Problem zu klären.
B2 noun /vaɪn/

vine

Weinrebe
Meaning
a climbing or trailing plant with long stems; a plant that produces grapes
Example
The vine climbed up the wall and covered it with green leaves.
Die Weinrebe kletterte die Wand hinauf und bedeckte sie mit grünen Blättern.
C2 noun /ˌvɛrɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd/

verisimilitude

Wahrscheinlichkeit
Meaning
the appearance of being true or real
Example
The movie was praised for its verisimilitude to actual events.
Der Film wurde für seine Wahrscheinlichkeit in Bezug auf echte Ereignisse gelobt.
C1 noun /vəˈræs.ə.ti/

veracity

Wahrhaftigkeit
Meaning
Conformity to facts; accuracy and truthfulness.
Example
The journalist checked the veracity of the report.
Der Journalist überprüfte die Wahrhaftigkeit des Berichts.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪtriəs/

vitreous

glasig
Meaning
having a glass-like appearance or quality
Example
The mineral has a vitreous shine.
Das Mineral hat einen glasigen Glanz.
A1 noun /ˈvɛdʒ.tə.bəl/

vegetable

Glück
Meaning
a plant or part of a plant used as food
Example
I eat vegetables every day for health.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
B2 noun /ˈvɜː.tʃuː/

Virtue

Tugend; Moralität; nützliche Qualität
Meaning
behavior showing high moral standards; a good or useful quality of a thing
Example
Honesty is considered the highest virtue in many cultures.
Ehrlichkeit wird in vielen Kulturen als höchste Tugend betrachtet.
C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrdənt/

verdant

grün und üppig
Meaning
Green with grass or other rich vegetation; lush and fertile.
Example
The hills looked verdant after the monsoon rains.
Die Hügel sahen nach dem Monsunregen grün und üppig aus.
B1 preposition /ˈvaɪə/ or /ˈviːə/

via

durch
Meaning
through, by way of, or using a particular route or means
Example
She sent the documents via email.
Sie schickte die Dokumente per E-Mail.
B2 noun /veɪl/

Veil

Schleier; Maske; Brautschleier;
Meaning
a piece of fine material worn to protect or conceal the face; something that conceals or disguises
Example
The bride wore a beautiful white veil during the ceremony.
Die Braut trug während der Zeremonie einen schönen weißen Schleier.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkətɔːri/

vindicatory

verteidigend
Meaning
Serving to justify, clear of blame, or defend.
Example
His vindicatory remarks restored his reputation.
Seine verteidigenden Bemerkungen stellten seinen Ruf wieder her.
B1 noun /ˌvɒl.ənˈtɪər/

Volunteer

Freiwilliger
Meaning
a person who freely offers to take part in an enterprise or undertake a task
Example
Many volunteers helped distribute food to the homeless.
Viele Freiwillige halfen dabei, Obdachlosen Essen zu verteilen.
C2 adjective /vəˈlʌptʃuəs/

voluptuous

luxuriös
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by luxury and sensual pleasure; sexually attractive.
Example
The artist painted a voluptuous figure reclining on the couch.
Der Künstler malte eine luxuriöse Figur, die auf dem Sofa lag.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪnsəbl/

vincible

besiegbar
Meaning
capable of being overcome or defeated
Example
The enemy seemed vincible after losing their main base.
Der Feind schien nach dem Verlust ihrer Hauptbasis besiegbar.
B2 noun /ˌvæk.sɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Vaccination

Impfung
Meaning
the process of giving a vaccine to a person or animal to protect them against a disease
Example
Children receive vaccination against measles at an early age.
Kinder erhalten die Impfung gegen Masern im jungen Alter.
C2 verb /ˈvɪʃieɪt/

vitiate

verderben
Meaning
to spoil, weaken, or make something less effective
Example
One careless remark can vitiate the entire argument.
Ein unüberlegter Kommentar kann das gesamte Argument verderben.
C1 noun /ˈvæntɪdʒ/

vantage

vorteilhafter Standort
Meaning
a position or situation that gives an advantage or a good view
Example
From this vantage, we could see the entire valley.
Von diesem Standort aus konnten wir das gesamte Tal sehen.
B1 adjective /ˈvæljʊəbl/

Valuable

wertvoll; wichtig
Meaning
worth a great deal of money; extremely useful or important
Example
The painting is very valuable and worth millions.
Das Gemälde ist sehr wertvoll und kostet Millionen.
C2 noun /ˈvæsəl/

vassal

Vasall
Meaning
A person or country in a subordinate position to another, especially in feudal times under a lord.
Example
The king granted land to his vassal in return for loyalty and service.
Der König gewährte seinem Vasallen Land im Austausch für Loyalität und Dienst.
C2 noun /ˌviːələnsɛloʊ/

violoncello

Cello
Meaning
The full name of the cello, a large string instrument played with a bow and held between the knees.
Example
He practiced the violoncello for hours each day.
Er übte das Violoncello jeden Tag stundenlang.
C1 noun /vəˈlɒs.ɪ.ti/

velocity

Geschwindigkeit
Meaning
Speed or acceleration, the rate of movement of any object or vehicle.
Example
High velocity trains reduce travel time significantly.
Hochgeschwindigkeitszüge reduzieren die Reisezeit erheblich.