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/ˌɜː.bən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
noun
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The process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas.
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Rapid urbanization has led to increased infrastructure development.
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metropolization, city expansion, urban development
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ruralization, deurbanization, countrification
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/ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl ˈfɑː.mɪŋ/
noun
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The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
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Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.
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multi-layer farming, urban agriculture, indoor cultivation
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traditional farming, horizontal farming, conventional agriculture
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/tɛk ˈdrɪv.ən/
adjective
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Powered or guided by technology; dependent on technological advancement for operation.
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The agricultural sector is becoming more tech-driven for higher efficiency.
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technology-powered, digitally advanced, innovation-led
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manual, traditional, non-automated
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/ˈɪn.ə.və.tɪv/
adjective
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Featuring new methods; advanced and original.
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Innovative solutions are required for sustainable agriculture.
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groundbreaking, pioneering, revolutionary
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conventional, unoriginal, stagnant
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/jiːld/
noun
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The amount of a crop harvested from a particular area.
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The new farming technique has increased crop yield by 30%.
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harvest, output, productivity
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/rɪˈsɔːrs ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/
adjective
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Using resources in a way that minimizes waste and maximizes productivity.
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Resource-efficient farming conserves water and energy.
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sustainable, cost-effective, energy-efficient
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wasteful, inefficient, extravagant
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/ˌkʌl.tɪˈveɪ.ʃən/
noun
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The process of trying to develop or improve something.
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Organic cultivation is gaining popularity due to health benefits.
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farming, agriculture, plantation
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barren land, uncultivated, neglect
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/ˌhaɪ.drəˈpɒn.ɪk/
adjective
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Relating to the process of growing plants in sand, gravel, or liquid, with added nutrients but without soil.
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Hydroponic farming allows crops to grow without soil.
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soil-free farming, aquaculture, nutrient-based growth
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traditional farming, soil-dependent, conventional
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/ˌækwəˈpɒnɪks/
noun
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A system of aquaculture in which the waste produced by farmed fish or other aquatic animals supplies nutrients for plants grown hydroponically.
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Aquaponics efficiently utilizes water by integrating fish and plant farming.
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hydroponics, aquaculture, integrated farming
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traditional farming, monoculture, soil-based agriculture
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/səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/
noun
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The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
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Sustainability in agriculture ensures long-term food security.
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longevity, eco-friendliness, viability
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unsustainable, short-lived, depletion
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/ˈkɑː.bən ˈfʊt.prɪnt/
noun
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The amount of carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds emitted due to the consumption of fossil fuels by a particular person, group, etc.
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Reducing carbon footprint is essential for combating climate change.
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emission levels, environmental impact, carbon output
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carbon neutrality, low emission, eco-friendly practices
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/ˌbaɪ.oʊ.dɪˈɡreɪ.də.bəl/
adjective
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Able to decay naturally and in a way that is not harmful.
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Using biodegradable products reduces environmental pollution.
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decomposable, eco-friendly, organic
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non-biodegradable, synthetic, plastic-based
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/ˈiː.kəʊˌsɪs.təm/
noun
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A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
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Protecting the ecosystem is crucial for maintaining biodiversity.
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biome, ecological system, habitat
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artificial environment, desertification, degradation
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/ˌbaɪ.oʊ.daɪˈvɜː.sɪ.ti/
noun
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The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
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Deforestation is a major threat to biodiversity .
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species variety, genetic diversity, biological richness
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extinction, habitat destruction, monoculture
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/ˌfoʊ.t̬oʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/
noun
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The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water.
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Photosynthesis plays a vital role in oxygen production.
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light reaction, carbon fixation, chlorophyll process
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respiration, decomposition, non-photosynthetic
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/ˈɒp.tɪ.maɪzd/
adjective
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Made as effective, perfect, or functional as possible.
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Optimized irrigation techniques conserve water in farming.
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improved, refined, maximized
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inefficient, suboptimal, wasted
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/ˌvaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
noun
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Ability to work successfully.
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The viability of a business depends on financial stability.
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feasibility, practicality, sustainability
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impracticality, unfeasibility, failure
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/ɔːˈtɒn.ə.məs/
adjective
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Acting independently or having the freedom to do so.
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Autonomous vehicles will revolutionize transportation.
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independent, self-sufficient, self-governing
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dependent, controlled, subordinate
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/sɪnˈθet.ɪk/
adjective
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Made by chemical synthesis, especially to imitate a natural product.
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Synthetic fabrics are often cheaper than natural fibers.
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artificial, man-made, fabricated
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natural, organic, genuine
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/ˌæɡ.roʊ.iˈkɑː.lə.dʒi/
noun
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The study of ecological processes applied to agricultural production systems.
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Agroecology promotes environmentally friendly farming methods.
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sustainable agriculture, eco-farming, agroforestry
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conventional farming, industrial agriculture, chemical-based farming
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