Lesson 8
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Lesson 8 - Mask Toggle

Emoji
Word Images Past Past Participle Third Person Singular Gerund Meaning Example Sentence Example Expression Example Expression Meaning Synonyms Antonyms Collocations
📐
••••••
/əˈprɒksɪmət/
adjective/verb
••••••
- ••••••
approximated
••••••
approximated
••••••
approximates
••••••
approximating
••••••
close to the actual but not exact; to estimate or calculate roughly
••••••

The cost is approximate and may change later.

••••••

approximate value

••••••
a value that is close to the true amount but not exact
••••••
estimated, rough, near, about, close
••••••
exact, precise, accurate
••••••
approximate value, approximate time, approximate cost, approximate figure
••••••
••••••
/əˈprɒk.sɪ.mət.li/
adverb
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
used to show that something is almost, but not completely, accurate or exact
••••••

The journey takes approximately three hours.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
about, roughly, around, nearly, close to
••••••
exactly, precisely, accurately
••••••
approximately equal, approximately the same, approximately three hours
••••••
🌸
••••••
/ˈeɪprɪl/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar
••••••

April is known for its pleasant spring weather.

••••••

April showers bring May flowers

••••••
early difficulties often lead to better results later
••••••
fourth month, spring month, April month, calendar month
••••••
December, January
••••••
early April, late April, April weather, April holiday
••••••
🎲
••••••
/ˈɑːrbɪˌtrɛri/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
based on random choice or personal whim, rather than reason or system
••••••

The teacher's arbitrary grading upset many students.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
random, capricious, whimsical, subjective, inconsistent
••••••
rational, logical, systematic
••••••
arbitrary decision, arbitrary rule, arbitrary action
••••••
🕊️
••••••
/ˈɑːrbɪtreɪt/
verb
••••••
- ••••••
arbitrated
••••••
arbitrated
••••••
arbitrates
••••••
arbitrating
••••••
to settle a dispute between two parties by acting as an impartial judge
••••••

The committee agreed to arbitrate the contract dispute.

••••••

arbitrate a dispute

••••••
to resolve a disagreement between parties
••••••
mediate, adjudicate, resolve, judge, settle
••••••
provoke, dispute
••••••
arbitrate dispute, arbitrate conflict, arbitrate case
••••••
⚖️
••••••
/ˌɑːrbɪˈtreɪʃən/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
the process of resolving a dispute through an impartial third party whose decision is binding; formal judgment outside a court
••••••

The contract requires arbitration to settle any disputes.

••••••

arbitration clause

••••••
a contract provision that requires disputes to be resolved through arbitration
••••••
mediation, adjudication, settlement, conciliation
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litigation, disagreement
••••••
binding arbitration, arbitration clause, arbitration agreement, international arbitration
••••••
🏛️
••••••
/ˈɑː.kɪ.tekt/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a person who designs buildings and oversees their construction
••••••

The architect designed a modern office building.

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- •••••• - ••••••
designer, planner, builder, creator
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destroyer, demolisher
••••••
famous architect, software architect, chief architect, landscape architect
••••••
🏛️
••••••
/ˌɑːrkɪˈtɛktʃərəl/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
relating to the design and style of buildings and structures
••••••

The city is known for its beautiful architectural designs.

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- •••••• - ••••••
design, structural, building-related, construction
••••••
non-structural
••••••
architectural design, architectural style, architectural heritage
••••••
🏛️
••••••
/ˈɑːkɪˌtɛktʃər/
noun
••••••
•••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
the art and practice of designing and constructing buildings
••••••

The ancient temples of Greece are famous for their architecture.

••••••

modern architecture

••••••
a style of architecture characterized by simplicity and functional design
••••••
design, construction, structure, framework
••••••
demolition, destruction
••••••
modern architecture, classical architecture, architecture design, architecture firm
••••••
🗄️
••••••
/ˈɑːrkaɪv/
noun, verb
••••••
- ••••••
archived
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archived
••••••
archives
••••••
archiving
••••••
A collection of historical documents or records; to store or preserve information for future use.
••••••

The library decided to archive all the old manuscripts.

••••••

digital archive

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An electronic collection of documents or records stored for reference.
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repository, records, collection, store, vault
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discard, destroy
••••••
archive documents, archive data, digital archive, archive system
••••••
📍
••••••
/ˈeə.ri.ə/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a particular region or space; the extent of a surface
••••••

This area is known for its beautiful parks.

••••••

gray area

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an unclear or undefined situation
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region, zone, district, field, space
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point, line, boundary
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rural area, urban area, gray area, restricted area
••••••
🏟️
••••••
/əˈriːnə/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a large area surrounded by seats for sports, entertainment, or other events
••••••

The basketball game will be held in the new arena downtown.

••••••

political arena

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a field or sphere of political activity or debate
••••••
stadium, field, coliseum, auditorium, hall
••••••
wilderness, outside
••••••
sports arena, political arena, music arena, enter the arena
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💬
••••••
/ˈɑːrɡjuəbl/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
open to debate or discussion; not certain and capable of being argued for or against
••••••

It is arguable that technology has improved our quality of life.

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- •••••• - ••••••
debatable, disputable, questionable, contestable, arguendo
••••••
certain, unquestionable, indisputable
••••••
arguable point, arguable claim, arguable assumption, arguably true
••••••
💬
••••••
/ˈɑːɡjuːəbli/
adverb
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
used to say that a statement is open to argument or is considered true by many people
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She is arguably the most talented player on the team.

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arguably the best

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considered by many people to be the best, though it can be debated
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debatably, possibly, conceivably, plausibly, ostensibly
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undeniably, unquestionably, certainly
••••••
arguably the best, arguably the most important, arguably true, arguably better
••••••
🗣️
••••••
/ˈɑːrɡjuː/
verb
••••••
••••••
argued
••••••
argued
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argues
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arguing
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to give reasons for or against something; to dispute or debate
••••••

They often argue about politics during dinner.

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argue the toss

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to dispute or complain about a decision that has already been made
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debate, dispute, contend, reason, quarrel
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agree, concede, accept
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argue strongly, argue convincingly, argue against, argue about
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••••••
/ˈɑːrɡjumənt/
noun
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•••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a disagreement, or a reason given to support or oppose an idea
••••••

They had a heated argument about money.

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winning an argument

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successfully convincing someone in a dispute
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dispute, quarrel, debate, reasoning, contention
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agreement, harmony, consensus
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heated argument, strong argument, compelling argument, logical argument
••••••
🌅
••••••
/əˈraɪz/
verb
••••••
- ••••••
arose
••••••
arisen
••••••
arises
••••••
arising
••••••
to begin to exist or to happen
••••••

Problems may arise if you don't plan ahead.

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arise from

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to result from or be caused by
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emerge, occur, appear, happen, develop
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cease, end, stop
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arise from, situation arises, issue arises, opportunity arises
••••••
💪
••••••
/ɑːrm/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
the part of the body from the shoulder to the hand; also a branch or division of an organization
••••••

She broke her arm while playing football.

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twist someone's arm

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to persuade or pressure someone into doing something
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limb, branch, extension, wing
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leg, trunk
••••••
right arm, left arm, strong arm, extend an arm
••••••
🔫
••••••
/ɑːrmd/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
equipped with or carrying weapons
••••••

The bank was robbed by armed men.

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armed to the teeth

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heavily armed or fully equipped with weapons
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equipped, weaponized, fortified, prepared
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unarmed, defenseless, vulnerable
••••••
armed forces, armed men, armed conflict, heavily armed
••••••
🪖
••••••
/ˈɑːrmi/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a large organized military force trained for war
••••••

The army protected the border from attack.

••••••

join the army

••••••
to enlist in the military service
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military, troops, forces, soldiers
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civilians, noncombatants
••••••
army base, army officer, join the army, regular army
••••••
🔄
••••••
/əˈraʊnd/
adverb, preposition
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
situated on every side; in a circular way; approximately
••••••

There are many restaurants around the park.

••••••

turn around

••••••
to move so as to face in the opposite direction
••••••
about, nearly, nearby, approximately, surrounding
••••••
far, away, beyond
••••••
look around, move around, all around, turn around
••••••
🗂️
••••••
/əˈreɪndʒ/
verb
••••••
••••••
arranged
••••••
arranged
••••••
arranges
••••••
arranging
••••••
to put things in order or to make plans for something
••••••

She arranged the books neatly on the shelf.

••••••

arrange a meeting

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to plan and organize a meeting
••••••
organize, plan, order, schedule, sort
••••••
disorganize, disorder
••••••
arrange meeting, arrange marriage, arrange neatly, arrange according to
••••••
📑
••••••
/əˈreɪndʒmənt/
noun
••••••
•••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
the act of organizing or planning something; the way things are ordered
••••••

They made an arrangement to meet at the café.

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come to an arrangement

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to reach an agreement
••••••
plan, setup, agreement, organization, order
••••••
disorder, confusion
••••••
business arrangement, floral arrangement, seating arrangement, financial arrangement
••••••
🌈
••••••
/əˈreɪ/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
an impressive display or arrangement of things
••••••

The shop displayed an array of colorful dresses.

••••••

an array of

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a large number or variety of something
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assortment, collection, range, display, lineup
••••••
scarcity, lack
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array of options, array of stars, wide array, full array
••••••
🚓
••••••
/əˈrɛst/
verb
••••••
••••••
arrested
••••••
arrested
••••••
arrests
••••••
arresting
••••••
To seize and hold someone by legal authority.
••••••

The police arrested the suspect last night.

••••••

under arrest

••••••
In the custody of the police.
••••••
detain, apprehend, capture, seize, stop
••••••
release, free, liberate
••••••
arrest warrant, arrest the suspect, make an arrest
••••••
🚉
••••••
/əˈraɪvəl/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
The act of coming to a place, especially at the end of a journey.
••••••

The train's arrival was delayed by two hours.

••••••

late arrival

••••••
Someone or something arriving later than expected.
••••••
appearance, coming, entry, advent, approach
••••••
departure, exit
••••••
arrival time, late arrival, arrival hall, flight arrival
••••••
🛬
••••••
/əˈraɪv/
verb
••••••
••••••
arrived
••••••
arrived
••••••
arrives
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arriving
••••••
to reach a place, especially at the end of a journey
••••••

She will arrive at the airport in the evening.

••••••

arrive at a decision

••••••
to reach a conclusion after consideration
••••••
reach, come, appear, show up, land
••••••
depart, leave, go
••••••
arrive at, arrive home, arrive late, arrive early
••••••
👑
••••••
/ˈærəɡənt/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
Having an exaggerated sense of one's own importance or abilities.
••••••

The arrogant manager dismissed the workers' complaints.

••••••

arrogant attitude

••••••
A proud, condescending behavior or mindset.
••••••
conceited, haughty, proud, self-important, overbearing
••••••
humble, modest
••••••
arrogant person, arrogant behavior, arrogant attitude
••••••
••••••
/ˈærəˌɡeɪt/
verb
••••••
- ••••••
arrogated
••••••
arrogated
••••••
arrogates
••••••
arrogating
••••••
To claim or take something without justification.
••••••

The dictator arrogated all powers to himself.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
seize, assume, appropriate, usurp
••••••
relinquish, surrender
••••••
arrogate power, arrogate authority, arrogate rights
••••••
🏹
••••••
/ˈæroʊ/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a thin, straight weapon with a pointed tip, shot from a bow
••••••

The hunter shot an arrow at the target.

••••••

arrow of time

••••••
the concept that time moves in only one direction, from past to future
••••••
dart, shaft, bolt, missile, projectile
••••••
none, null
••••••
shoot an arrow, bow and arrow, arrow flight, arrow tip
••••••
🎨
••••••
/ɑːrt/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
the expression or application of human creative skill and imagination
••••••

She studied art at the university.

••••••

the art of

••••••
the skill in doing something well
••••••
craft, creativity, skill, painting, expression
••••••
science, nature, reality
••••••
modern art, fine art, art gallery, art history
••••••
🗣️
••••••
/ɑːrˈtɪkjʊlət/
verb/adjective
••••••
- ••••••
articulated
••••••
articulated
••••••
articulates
••••••
articulating
••••••
to express thoughts or ideas clearly; having the ability to speak fluently and clearly
••••••

She was able to articulate her ideas during the meeting.

••••••

articulate a vision

••••••
to clearly express or describe a goal or plan
••••••
express, convey, enunciate, pronounce, clarify
••••••
mumble, mutter, unclear
••••••
articulate clearly, articulate ideas, articulate words, articulate speech
••••••
🤖
••••••
/ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃəl/
adjective
••••••
•••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
made or produced by humans rather than occurring naturally
••••••

The flowers on the table were artificial, not real.

••••••

artificial intelligence

••••••
the simulation of human intelligence by machines
••••••
synthetic, man-made, fake, unnatural, imitation
••••••
natural, genuine, real
••••••
artificial light, artificial flavor, artificial smile, artificial limb
••••••
👩‍🎨
••••••
/ˈɑːrtɪst/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a person who creates art, especially paintings or drawings
••••••

The artist painted a beautiful landscape.

••••••

con artist

••••••
a person who deceives others by gaining their trust
••••••
painter, creator, illustrator, designer, performer
••••••
amateur, layman
••••••
famous artist, talented artist, street artist, young artist
••••••
🎭
••••••
/ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
having or revealing natural creative skill
••••••

She has an artistic sense of design.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
creative, imaginative, aesthetic, inventive, expressive
••••••
unimaginative, uncreative
••••••
artistic talent, artistic ability, artistic expression, artistic design
••••••
🎨
••••••
/ˈɑːrtwɜːrk/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a piece of art, such as a painting, sculpture, or drawing
••••••

The gallery displayed an impressive artwork by a local artist.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
painting, piece, creation, masterpiece
••••••
nothing, void
••••••
create artwork, display artwork, beautiful artwork
••••••
🔄
••••••
/æz/
conjunction, adverb, preposition
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
used to compare, to indicate the role or function of something, or to introduce clauses of time or reason
••••••

She works as a teacher.

••••••

as soon as

••••••
immediately when
••••••
like, while, since, because, when
••••••
unlike, different
••••••
as well, as soon as, as long as, as if
••••••
⛰️
••••••
/əˈsɛnd/
verb
••••••
••••••
ascended
••••••
ascended
••••••
ascends
••••••
ascending
••••••
to move upward or rise to a higher position or level
••••••

The hikers began to ascend the steep mountain trail.

••••••

ascend to power

••••••
to rise to a position of authority or leadership
••••••
rise, climb, soar, mount, escalate
••••••
descend, fall, drop
••••••
ascend the throne, ascend the mountain, ascend rapidly
••••••
🔍
••••••
/ˌæs.ərˈteɪn/
verb
••••••
••••••
ascertained
••••••
ascertained
••••••
ascertains
••••••
ascertaining
••••••
To find out or make sure of something with certainty.
••••••

The detective tried to ascertain the facts of the case.

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ascertain the truth

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To discover what is true with certainty.
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determine, discover, verify, confirm, establish
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ignore, overlook, neglect
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ascertain the facts, ascertain the cause, ascertain whether, ascertain identity
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🌋
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/æʃ/
noun
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the powdery residue left after the burning of a substance
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After the fire, only ash remained of the house.

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rise from the ashes

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to recover or rebuild after destruction or failure
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cinder, dust, residue, remains, soot
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substance, matter
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ash cloud, ash tray, volcanic ash, turn to ash
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😳
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/əˈʃeɪmd/
adjective
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
feeling embarrassed or guilty because of one's actions
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He was ashamed of his poor performance.

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embarrassed, guilty, humiliated, mortified
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proud, unashamed, confident, shameless
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feel ashamed, deeply ashamed, ashamed of yourself
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➡️
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/əˈsaɪd/
adverb, noun
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
to or on one side; a remark not intended for everyone
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He stepped aside to let her pass.

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put aside

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to save or reserve something
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apart, away, to the side, remark
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center, middle
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step aside, put aside, aside from
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••••••
/æsk/
verb
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- ••••••
asked
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asked
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asks
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asking
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to request information or seek an answer
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She asked him about his new job.

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ask for trouble

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to behave in a way that is likely to cause problems
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inquire, request, question, demand, seek
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answer, respond
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ask a question, ask for help, ask politely
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😴
••••••
/əˈsliːp/
adjective
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
in a state of sleep
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The baby is fast asleep.

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fall asleep

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to begin sleeping
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sleeping, dozing, resting, napping
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awake, alert
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fast asleep, fall asleep, sound asleep
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🔍
••••••
/ˈæs.pekt/
noun
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
A particular part, feature, or view of something.
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One important aspect of health is regular exercise.

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in every aspect

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in all parts or respects
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feature, element, angle, facet, perspective
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whole, entirety, totality
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important aspect, key aspect, in every aspect, different aspect
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🚀
••••••
/ˌæspəˈreɪʃən/
noun
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•••••• - •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a strong desire to achieve something; ambition
••••••

Her aspiration is to become a doctor.

••••••

high aspirations

••••••
lofty ambitions or goals
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ambition, goal, aim, desire, dream
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apathy, indifference
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career aspiration, life aspiration, aspiration for success, high aspiration
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🌟
••••••
/əˈspaɪər/
verb
••••••
- ••••••
aspired
••••••
aspired
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aspires
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aspiring
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to have a strong desire to achieve something
••••••

Many students aspire to study abroad.

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aspire to greatness

••••••
to aim for significant achievement
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desire, aim, hope, strive, long
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doubt, neglect, avoid
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aspire to, aspire for success, aspire higher, aspire towards
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