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C1 verb /ˈwɒloʊ/

wallow

打滚, 沉溺
Meaning
to roll about or indulge oneself in something excessively
Example
The buffalo likes to wallow in the mud on hot days.
水牛喜欢在热天在泥巴里打滚。
C1 verb /ɪˈnɔːɡjʊreɪt/

inaugurate

Meaning
To formally begin or introduce something, especially with a ceremony.
Example
The mayor will inaugurate the new bridge tomorrow.
C1 adjective /ˈwoʊ.fəl/

woeful

悲惨的
Meaning
full of woe; very sad or miserable; also used to mean very bad or deplorable
Example
He gave me a woeful look when he lost the match.
当他输掉比赛时，他给了我一个悲惨的眼神。
C1 adjective /bɪˈriːvd/

Bereaved

丧亲
Meaning
having lost a loved one through death
Example
The bereaved family received many condolences.
丧亲的家庭收到了很多慰问。
C1 noun, adjective /ˈsɒlvənt/

solvent

溶剂, 还债能力
Meaning
a liquid that dissolves other substances; also means able to pay debts
Example
Acetone is a common solvent used in laboratories.
丙酮是实验室中常用的溶剂。
C1 noun ˈdaɪ.nə.sti

dynasty

王朝
Meaning
A line of hereditary rulers of a country; a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field.
Example
The Ming dynasty ruled China for centuries.
明朝统治了中国几个世纪。
C1 noun /ˈænərkɪst/

anarchist

无政府主义者
Meaning
a person who believes in or promotes the absence of government or authority
Example
The anarchist group protested against state control.
无政府主义者团体反对国家控制。
C1 noun /prɪˈzʌmp.ʃən/

Presumption

假设; 推定;
Meaning
an idea that is taken to be true without proof
Example
There is a presumption of innocence in the legal system.
法律系统中有无罪推定。
C1 adjective /ˈriːɡəl/

regal

皇家
Meaning
Resembling or fit for a king; majestic or royal.
Example
The queen entered the hall with a regal presence.
女王带着皇家气质走进大厅。
C1 verb /ˈrʌm.ɪdʒ/

rummage

杂乱地翻找
Meaning
to search through something in a disorderly way
Example
He rummaged through the drawer for his keys.
他在抽屉里翻找钥匙。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/

indignant

愤怒
Meaning
Feeling or showing anger at something considered unfair or unjust.
Example
She was indignant when accused of cheating.
她在被指控作弊时感到愤怒。
C1 verb/noun /skaʊl/

scowl

皱眉
Meaning
To frown in an angry or bad-tempered way.
Example
She scowled when she heard the unfair remark.
她听到不公正的评论时，皱起了眉头。
C1 verb /ˈnɪbəl/

nibble

啃
Meaning
to take small bites of food
Example
The rabbit nibbled on a carrot.
兔子咬着胡萝卜。
C1 verb /ˌsuːpərˈsiːd/

supersede

取代
Meaning
To replace or take the place of something because it is more modern or effective.
Example
This new law will supersede the old regulations.
这部新法律将取代旧的规定。
C1 adjective, verb /sɪˈdeɪt/

sedate

镇静
Meaning
calm, quiet, and composed; or to administer a drug to make someone calm or sleep
Example
The nurse sedated the patient before the operation.
护士在手术前给病人注射了镇静剂。
C1 adjective ˌɜː.ɡəˈnɒm.ɪk

ergonomic

人体工学设计
Meaning
Designed for efficiency and comfort in the working environment; user-friendly and reducing strain.
Example
The chair has an ergonomic design for better posture.
这把椅子有一个人体工学设计，能保持更好的姿势。
C1 verb/noun /snɑːrl/

snarl

咆哮，堵塞
Meaning
to growl aggressively with bared teeth; a tangle or mess
Example
The dog snarled at the stranger near the gate.
狗对门口的陌生人咆哮。
C1 noun /ˈnjuːɑːns/

nuance

细微差别
Meaning
A subtle difference in shade of meaning, appearance, or sound.
Example
He noticed the subtle nuance in her expression.
他注意到她表情中的细微差别。
C1 noun /stɑːr ˈæn.ɪs/

Star Anise

八角星
Meaning
star-shaped spice pod with a licorice-like flavor used in cooking
Example
She added star anise to the soup for aromatic flavor.
她在汤里加入了八角星，增添了香气。
C1 noun ˈæltruɪzəm

altruism

利他主义, 无私地关心他人福祉
Meaning
The belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others.
Example
His altruism motivated others to volunteer.
他的利他主义激励其他人去做志愿者。
C1 noun /ˈwɪzərdri/

wizardry

魔法技艺
Meaning
The art or practice of magic; great skill or expertise in something.
Example
The programmer's wizardry amazed everyone in the room.
程序员的魔法技艺让房间里的每个人都感到惊讶。
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrdəməm/

Cardamom

豆蔻
Meaning
aromatic seeds from a plant in the ginger family, used as a spice
Example
The recipe calls for a pinch of ground cardamom.
食谱中需要一撮磨碎的豆蔻。
C1 noun /dɪˈsaɪ.pəl/

Disciple

弟子; 信徒
Meaning
a follower and student of a teacher, leader, or philosopher; devoted follower
Example
The famous philosopher had many disciples who spread his teachings worldwide.
那位著名的哲学家有许多弟子，他们将他的教义传播到世界各地。
C1 noun /ˈsteɪl.meɪt/

stalemate

僵局
Meaning
A situation in which no progress can be made or no party can win.
Example
Negotiations ended in a stalemate.
谈判陷入了僵局。
C1 noun /ˈsaɪkiː/

psyche

灵魂 / 心智
Meaning
the human soul, mind, or spirit
Example
The novel explores the depths of the human psyche.
这本小说探索了人类心智的深度。
C1 noun /ˌtɛstɪˈməʊnɪəlz/

testimonials

见证, 推荐信
Meaning
Written or spoken statements of praise or recommendation from clients or customers.
Example
Positive testimonials can enhance a company's reputation.
积极的见证可以提升公司的声誉。
C1 noun /ɪˈreləvəns/

irrelevance

无关性
Meaning
the quality of not being connected to or important for a particular matter; lack of significance
Example
His long explanation only highlighted the irrelevance of the details to the main issue.
他冗长的解释只凸显了这些细节与主要问题的无关性。
C1 adjective /əˈprɛs.ɪv/

Oppressive

压迫的
Meaning
Harsh and authoritarian; overwhelming; causing distress; tyrannical;
Example
The oppressive heat made it difficult to work outside during the summer.
压迫性的热浪使得夏天在外工作变得很困难。
C1 noun /ˌkɔːriˈɒɡrəfi/

choreography

编舞
Meaning
The art of designing and arranging dances and movements.
Example
The choreography of the ballet was breathtaking.
芭蕾舞的编舞令人惊叹。
C1 verb /ˈæn.ɛks/

annex

吞并
Meaning
To take control of a territory and add it to one's own.
Example
The empire annexed the neighboring kingdom after the war.
帝国在战争后吞并了邻国的王国。
C1 verb /ˈvɪn.dɪ.keɪt/

vindicate

辩护
Meaning
To clear someone of blame or suspicion; to show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.
Example
The new evidence helped vindicate the wrongly accused man.
新的证据帮助为被错误指控的男子辩护。
C1 verb /ˌriːəˈfɜːrm/

reaffirm

重申
Meaning
To state again strongly; to confirm or strengthen a statement or belief.
Example
The president reaffirmed his commitment to education reform.
总统重申了他对教育改革的承诺。
C1 verb /ˌrekəˈlekt/

recollect

回忆
Meaning
to remember something; to recall from memory
Example
I can't recollect where I put my keys.
我记不起来我把钥匙放在哪里了。
C1 noun ˌmek.ə.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

mechanization

机械化
Meaning
The process of introducing machines or replacing manual labor with machines.
Example
Mechanization has revolutionized agriculture.
机械化已经彻底改变了农业。
C1 noun /ˈkɒnɪfər/

conifer

针叶树
Meaning
a type of tree that bears cones and evergreen needle-like leaves, such as pine or fir
Example
The forest is dominated by conifers like pine and spruce.
森林由松树和云杉等针叶树主导。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːtnəs/

incompleteness

不完整性
Meaning
the state of not being complete or whole; lack of necessary parts or fullness
Example
The incompleteness of the report caused delays in the project.
报告的不完整性导致了项目延误。
C1 noun /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tənt/

Militant

激进分子
Meaning
A person who uses aggressive or violent methods to promote a political or social cause
Example
The militant group demanded immediate political reforms.
激进分子组织要求立即进行政治改革。
C1 noun /ˈkʌn.stə.bəl/

constable

巡警
Meaning
a police officer of the lowest rank
Example
The constable directed traffic at the busy intersection.
巡警在繁忙的十字路口指挥交通。
C1 noun /ɪnˈhɛrɪtər/

inheritor

继承人
Meaning
a person who receives money, property, or a title when someone dies
Example
She became the inheritor of her family's estate.
她成为了家族财产的继承人。
C1 noun ˈkiː.stəʊn ˈspiː.ʃiːz

keystone species

基石物种
Meaning
A species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically.
Example
Wolves are a keystone species that regulate prey populations.
狼是调节猎物种群的基石物种。
C1 verb /ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪt/

mitigate

缓解
Meaning
To make less severe, serious, or painful; to lessen the severity of damage or harm.
Example
Proper planning can mitigate financial risks.
适当的规划可以缓解财务风险。
C1 adjective /ˌæpəˈθɛtɪk/

apathetic

Meaning
showing or feeling little or no interest, enthusiasm, or concern
Example
He was apathetic about the outcome of the match.
C1 verb /ˈlɪbəreɪt/

liberate

解放
Meaning
to set free from imprisonment, oppression, or restraint
Example
The army liberated the city from enemy control.
军队从敌人控制中解放了城市。
C1 verb /ˈɡɑːbəl/

gobble

狼吞虎咽
Meaning
to eat something quickly and greedily
Example
The children gobbled their food in minutes.
孩子们在几分钟内狼吞虎咽地吃完了他们的食物。
C1 noun /ɡlɔːs/

Gloss

一层光亮或光滑的表面; 唇部光泽
Meaning
a shiny or lustrous surface finish; a superficially attractive appearance; lip gloss
Example
She applied a clear gloss to her lips to give them a shiny, healthy appearance.
她在嘴唇上涂上透明光泽，让它们看起来光亮健康。
C1 noun /ˈɛkstrəˌvɜːrt/

extrovert

外向者
Meaning
a person who is outgoing, sociable, and energized by being around other people
Example
As an extrovert, she enjoys meeting new people at social events.
作为一个外向者，她喜欢在社交活动中认识新朋友。
C1 noun /ˈdæn.drʌf/

Dandruff

头皮屑
Meaning
small white or grey flakes of dead skin that form on the scalp and fall from the hair
Example
He used a special shampoo to treat his persistent dandruff problem.
他使用了一种特殊的洗发水来治疗他持续的头皮屑问题。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈfæt.ɪk/

Emphatic

有力的; 强烈的; 表达具有力量和信念
Meaning
forceful; strong; showing emphasis; expressed with force and conviction
Example
She gave an emphatic 'no' to the proposal.
她坚决地对提案说了'不'。
C1 adjective ˌɪm.pəˈsɛp.tɪ.bəl

imperceptible

无法察觉的
Meaning
So subtle or gradual that it is difficult to notice or perceive
Example
The changes in his behavior were imperceptible at first.
他行为中的变化一开始几乎是无法察觉的。
C1 verb, noun /læɡ/

lag

滞后或延迟
Meaning
To fall behind in movement, progress, or development; a delay or period of falling behind.
Example
The old computer tends to lag when running new software.
旧电脑在运行新软件时常常滞后。
C1 noun /ˈwɪŋˌspæn/

wingspan

翼展
Meaning
the distance from the tip of one wing to the tip of the other wing
Example
The eagle has an impressive wingspan of over two meters.
老鹰的翼展超过两米。
C1 noun /maɪm/

Mime

哑剧演员
Meaning
A performer who acts without words, using only gestures and body movements
Example
The street mime entertained the crowd with his invisible box routine.
街头哑剧演员用他的无形盒子表演娱乐了人群。
C1 adjective /ˈprɪvi/

privy

秘密知识
Meaning
having access to secret or private knowledge
Example
She was privy to the confidential discussions.
她知道机密讨论。
C1 adjective ˌsɪmbɪˈɒtɪk

symbiotic

共生的
Meaning
Involving interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association.
Example
The relationship between the bee and the flower is symbiotic.
蜜蜂和花朵之间的关系是共生的。
C1 adjective /ˌæntiˈneɪtl/

antenatal

产前
Meaning
Relating to the medical care and treatment given to a pregnant woman before the birth of her child.
Example
She attended regular antenatal checkups throughout her pregnancy.
她在怀孕期间定期参加产前检查。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvaɪzəbl/

inadvisable

不建议
Meaning
Not recommended; likely to have undesirable consequences.
Example
It is inadvisable to drive in such heavy rain.
在这种大雨中开车是不建议的。
C1 noun /səbˈmɜːrdʒəns/

submergence

沉没
Meaning
the act or process of being submerged or going underwater
Example
The submergence of coastal areas is a major concern due to rising sea levels.
由于海平面上升，沿海地区的沉没成为一个重大问题。
C1 adjective /kəmˈplaɪənt/

compliant

顺从
Meaning
Willing to agree with or follow rules, requests, or demands.
Example
She was compliant with all the safety requirements.
她遵守了所有安全要求。
C1 noun /ˈɡlɒs.ər.i/

Glossary

术语表
Meaning
an alphabetical list of terms in a particular domain of knowledge with explanations; a brief dictionary
Example
The textbook includes a helpful glossary at the end to define technical terms.
教科书的末尾有一个有用的术语表，用来定义技术术语。
C1 noun /stɛlθ/

stealth

隐秘, 安静地移动
Meaning
The act of moving, doing, or achieving something quietly and secretly.
Example
The cat moved with stealth towards its prey.
猫悄悄地向它的猎物走去。
C1 noun ˈɪm.pɪ.təs

impetus

推动力
Meaning
The force or motivation that drives something forward; momentum.
Example
The new policy provided an impetus for economic growth.
新政策为经济增长提供了推动力。
C1 noun trəˈdʒek.tər.i

trajectory

轨道
Meaning
The path followed by a projectile flying or an object moving under the action of given forces.
Example
The satellite followed its intended trajectory.
卫星沿着预定的轨道飞行。
C1 adverb /ˈɒp.tɪ.məl.i/

optimally

最优地
Meaning
In the most effective or efficient way possible.
Example
Tasks should be allocated optimally for maximum output.
任务应当最优地分配，以实现最大产出。
C1 noun /kəˈθɑːrsɪs/

catharsis

情感宣泄
Meaning
The process of releasing strong emotions, providing relief.
Example
Writing in her diary was a form of catharsis for her.
在她的日记中写作对她来说是一种情感宣泄的方式。
C1 adjective /ˈɡæl.ənt/

gallant

勇敢的, 英雄的
Meaning
Brave, heroic, or chivalrous.
Example
The gallant firefighter saved the child from the burning building.
勇敢的消防员从燃烧的建筑物中救出了孩子。
C1 verb /ræsp/

rasp

Meaning
to speak in a rough, harsh voice or to scrape with a coarse sound
Example
He rasped out a warning before collapsing.
C1 noun /ɒnˈsɒmbəl/

ensemble

合奏, 团体
Meaning
a group of things or people viewed as a whole, especially performers in music or theater
Example
The theater ensemble gave a spectacular performance.
剧院合奏团进行了精彩的演出。
C1 noun /bəˈrɒmɪtər/

barometer

气压计
Meaning
an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure
Example
The barometer indicated a storm was approaching.
气压计显示暴风雨即将来临。
C1 noun /rɪˈspɒndənt/

respondent

响应者
Meaning
A person who replies to something, especially in a survey or legal case
Example
The survey had over 1,000 respondents.
调查有超过1000名响应者。
C1 adjective ˌkwɪn.tɪˈsen.ʃəl

quintessential

典型的完美或典型的例子
Meaning
representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality or class.
Example
The artist's work is the quintessential example of modernism.
艺术家的作品是现代主义的典型示例。
C1 noun /ˈpoʊdiətrɪst/

podiatrist

足科医生
Meaning
a doctor specializing in foot care
Example
I have an appointment with the podiatrist for my ankle pain.
我约了足科医生治疗我的脚踝疼痛。
C1 adjective eɪˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs

asynchronous

异步的
Meaning
Of or requiring a form of computer control timing protocol in which a specific operation begins upon receipt of an indication that the preceding operation has been completed.
Example
Asynchronous courses allow students to learn at their own pace.
异步课程允许学生以自己的节奏学习。
C1 noun /dɪˈfɛkʃən/

defection

叛变
Meaning
The act of abandoning one’s country, cause, or group in favor of another.
Example
The politician’s defection shocked his supporters.
这位政治家的叛变让他的支持者感到震惊。
C1 noun /ˈdɑːrwɪnɪzəm/

darwinism

达尔文主义
Meaning
the theory of biological evolution developed by Charles Darwin, emphasizing natural selection
Example
Darwinism revolutionized the way scientists understood the origin of species.
达尔文主义彻底改变了科学家们对物种起源的理解。
C1 noun /ˈdʒʌɡ.lər/

Juggler

杂技演员
Meaning
a person who skillfully throws and catches objects as entertainment
Example
The juggler entertained the crowd with his amazing ball tricks.
那位杂技演员用他惊人的球技娱乐了观众。
C1 adjective + noun njuˈtrɪʃəs krɒps

nutritious crops

营养丰富的作物
Meaning
Plants or vegetables that are rich in nutrients and beneficial for health
Example
Winter vegetables are considered nutritious crops.
冬季蔬菜被认为是营养丰富的作物。
C1 verb /dɪˈflɛkt/

deflect

偏离 / 避免
Meaning
to cause something to change direction; to avoid answering directly
Example
The shield deflected the incoming arrow.
盾牌偏离了来袭的箭。
C1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈrɔt/

overwrought

焦虑 / 过度紧张
Meaning
extremely agitated or nervous; excessively elaborate
Example
She was too overwrought to speak clearly after the accident.
她在事故后太焦虑，无法清楚地讲话。
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzæspəˌreɪtɪd/

exasperated

非常恼火
Meaning
greatly annoyed or irritated
Example
She gave him an exasperated look after his repeated mistakes.
在他的重复错误后，她给了他一个非常恼火的眼神。
C1 adjective ɪn ˈfleɪ.ʃə.ner.i

inflationary

通货膨胀的
Meaning
Characterized by or tending to cause monetary inflation; relating to rising prices.
Example
The government took measures to control inflationary pressures.
政府采取了措施来控制通货膨胀的压力。
C1 noun /ˈwɔːkɪŋ fɪʃ/

Walking-fish

步行鱼
Meaning
a fish that can move on land using its fins and breathe air for extended periods
Example
The walking-fish can travel across dry land to find new water sources.
步行鱼可以穿越干燥的土地找到新的水源。
C1 adjective /əbˈtjuːs/

Obtuse

迟钝的; 愚笨的; 理解慢
Meaning
annoyingly insensitive or slow to understand; lacking in intelligence or perception
Example
He was being deliberately obtuse about the instructions.
他故意在指令上表现得迟钝。
C1 adjective /nɑːkˈtɜr.nəl/

Nocturnal

夜行性
Meaning
active at night; happening during the night
Example
Owls are nocturnal animals that hunt at night.
猫头鹰是夜间活动的动物，在晚上捕猎。
C1 noun /ˈmelənkəli/

Melancholy

忧郁; 深思熟虑的悲伤
Meaning
A feeling of pensive sadness; thoughtful or gentle sadness
Example
A deep melancholy settled over him after reading the old letters.
读完旧信后，他感到一阵深深的忧郁。
C1 noun /ˌɒk.sɪ.dʒɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

oxygenation

供氧或氧气治疗
Meaning
The process of supplying or treating with oxygen.
Example
Deep breathing exercises improve oxygenation of the body.
深呼吸练习有助于改善身体的供氧。
C1 noun /dɪˈkɔː.rəm/

Decorum

礼仪; 体面; 尊严
Meaning
behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety; dignified and appropriate conduct
Example
The diplomat maintained perfect decorum throughout the heated negotiations.
这位外交官在激烈的谈判中保持了完美的礼仪。
C1 noun /ˈɪn.trə.vɜːrt/

introvert

内向
Meaning
A person who tends to be shy and prefers spending time alone rather than in groups.
Example
As an introvert, he preferred reading over attending parties.
作为一个内向的人，他更喜欢读书而不是参加派对。
C1 adjective /pæˈseɪ/

passe

过时的; 过时
Meaning
no longer fashionable or current; out of date
Example
Some trends from last decade feel utterly passé now.
过去十年的一些趋势现在看起来完全过时了。
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrwɜːrd/

foreword

前言
Meaning
a short introduction at the beginning of a book, typically written by someone other than the author
Example
The foreword of the book was written by a famous historian.
这本书的前言是由一位著名的历史学家写的。
C1 noun /bruːˈtæləti/

brutality

残暴
Meaning
extreme cruelty or violence; savage or inhumane treatment
Example
The brutality of the attack shocked the entire community.
这次攻击的残暴震惊了整个社区。
C1 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən ˌflaʊ.ər/

Passion flower

激情花
Meaning
A climbing plant with intricate, colorful flowers; also refers to royal poinciana tree with red-orange blooms
Example
The passion flower vine covered the garden wall with beautiful blooms.
激情花藤用美丽的花朵覆盖了花园的墙壁。
C1 noun /ˈlɛdʒɪsleɪtər/

legislator

立法者
Meaning
a person who makes laws, especially a member of a legislative body
Example
The legislator introduced a bill to improve healthcare.
立法者提出了一项改善医疗保健的法案。
C1 adjective /ˈɡruːəlɪŋ/

grueling

艰苦的
Meaning
Extremely tiring and demanding.
Example
The athletes faced a grueling training session.
运动员面对着艰苦的训练课程。
C1 adjective /prəˈfɛtɪk/

prophetic

预言的
Meaning
accurately predicting or describing what will happen in the future
Example
His prophetic words came true after many years.
他的预言之言在多年后实现了。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈvæmp/

revamp

翻新
Meaning
To give a new and improved form, structure, or appearance to something.
Example
The company decided to revamp its website for a modern look.
公司决定重新设计其网站，以获得现代化外观。
C1 adjective/adverb /əˈmɪs/

amiss

错误的
Meaning
Not quite right; inappropriate or out of place.
Example
Something seems amiss with the car's engine.
汽车的引擎似乎有些错误。
C1 noun /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsəns/

reminiscence

回忆
Meaning
a story or memory about past events
Example
He shared a reminiscence of his childhood days in the village.
他分享了他在村庄的童年时光的回忆。
C1 adjective /ˈlɔː.ləs/

Lawless

无律; 无政府主义; 混乱; 犯罪
Meaning
without law; anarchic; unruly; criminal
Example
The frontier town was known for its lawless behavior and chaos.
边境城市以其无律行为和混乱而闻名。
C1 verb /ˈskwɒbəl/

squabble

为琐事争吵
Meaning
To argue noisily over something small or unimportant.
Example
The children squabbled over the last piece of cake.
孩子们争论最后一块蛋糕。
C1 noun/verb /ɪˈstiːm/

esteem

尊敬
Meaning
Respect and admiration, typically for a person.
Example
She is held in high esteem by her colleagues.
她受到了同事们的高度尊敬。
C1 noun /kəˈmoʊʃən/

commotion

骚动
Meaning
A state of noisy confusion or disturbance.
Example
The sudden commotion in the market drew everyone's attention.
市场上的突然骚动吸引了所有人的注意。
C1 noun /ˈeɪθiɪzəm/

atheism

无神论
Meaning
The belief that there is no God or gods.
Example
He declared his atheism openly despite social pressure.
他在社会压力下公开宣称自己的无神论。
C1 verb /mɑːrd/

marred

破坏
Meaning
to spoil or damage the quality or appearance of something
Example
The celebration was marred by bad weather.
庆祝活动因坏天气而受损。
C1 noun /kliːˈʃeɪ/

cliche

陈词滥调
Meaning
An overused expression or idea that has lost its originality or impact.
Example
The speech was filled with old clichés that failed to inspire the audience.
演讲中充满了老套的陈词滥调，未能激发观众的兴趣。
C1 adjective /sɔɪld/

soiled

脏的
Meaning
dirty or stained; not clean
Example
His clothes were soiled after playing in the mud.
他在泥巴里玩后，衣服弄脏了。
C1 noun ˌkæp.ɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

capitalization

资本化
Meaning
The total market value of a company's shares or the provision of capital for a company or activity.
Example
The company's capitalization reached $1 billion in market value.
该公司的资本化达到了10亿美元的市场价值。
C1 noun /pɒˈstɛrɪti/

posterity

后代
Meaning
All future generations of people.
Example
The monument was built for the benefit of posterity.
这座纪念碑是为后代的利益而建造的。
C1 adjective ʌnˈmætʃt

unmatched

无与伦比
Meaning
Not equaled or rivaled by any other; without equal.
Example
The freedom fighters showed unmatched bravery.
自由战士们展示了无与伦比的勇气。
C1 noun, verb /ˈtætər/

tatter

Meaning
A torn piece of cloth or clothing; to become ragged or torn.
Example
The old flag hung in tatters after the storm.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈproʊtʃ/

reproach

指责 / 批评
Meaning
An expression of disapproval or disappointment; to criticize someone for doing wrong.
Example
She reproached him for arriving late to the meeting.
她因迟到而责备了他。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnfɔːrˈsiːn/

unforeseen

Meaning
Not anticipated or predicted; unexpected.
Example
The project faced unforeseen challenges that delayed its completion.
C1 noun /ˈɪmɪdʒəri/

imagery

意象
Meaning
visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work
Example
The poet's use of imagery brought the scene to life.
诗人的意象使用使场景栩栩如生。
C1 verb rɪˈlɪŋ.kwɪʃ

relinquish

放弃
Meaning
To give up any authority, responsibility, or property.
Example
He decided to relinquish his position as CEO.
他决定放弃CEO职位。
C1 adjective /ˈlætərəl/

lateral

侧面
Meaning
Relating to the side or sideways movement.
Example
The football player made a quick lateral pass.
足球运动员做了一个快速的侧面传球。
C1 verb /ˈbɛkən/

beckon

招手示意
Meaning
to signal or call someone to come closer, often with a gesture; to attract or invite
Example
She beckoned him to come closer with a wave of her hand.
她挥手示意他走近一些。
C1 adjective /ˈskræpi/

scrappy

好斗 / 杂乱
Meaning
Determined and willing to fight or argue; also messy or disorganized.
Example
Despite being small, he was a scrappy fighter.
尽管身材小，他却是一个好斗的战士。
C1 verb /ˈkrɪsən/

christen

命名
Meaning
to give a name to someone at baptism or to name something officially
Example
They christened the ship after the queen.
他们为船命名，以女王的名字。
C1 adjective ˈɪn.lənd

Inland

内陆
Meaning
Situated in the interior of a country; away from the coast.
Example
Inland transport boosts local trade.
内陆交通促进了当地的贸易。
C1 adverb /ˈfɪksɪdli/

Fixedly

专心地
Meaning
in a steady, unmoving manner; with intense concentration
Example
He stared fixedly at the painting.
他专心地盯着画作。
C1 adjective /ˌhɔːrtɪˈkʌltʃərəl/

horticultural

园艺相关
Meaning
Relating to the art or practice of garden cultivation and management.
Example
She studied horticultural science at the university.
她在大学学习了园艺科学。
C1 verb /ʃʌn/

Shun

回避
Meaning
to deliberately avoid or stay away from someone or something
Example
He shuns public attention and prefers privacy.
他避开公众注意并偏爱隐私。