vulnerability
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B2 noun /ˌvʌl.nər.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

vulnerability

脆弱性
Meaning
The quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed.
Example
Addressing vulnerability is crucial for stability.
解决脆弱性对于稳定性至关重要。
C1 verb /ˈvɛnəˌreɪt/

venerate

敬仰
Meaning
to regard with great respect; revere
Example
People venerate saints for their holiness.
人们敬仰圣人，因为他们的圣洁。
C1 adjective /ˈviːəmənt/

Vehement

激烈的; 强烈的; 热情的; 精力充沛的
Meaning
showing strong feeling; forceful; passionate; intense
Example
She gave a vehement denial of the accusations.
她坚决否认了这些指控。
C1 noun vaɪˈtæləti

vitality

活力, 能量
Meaning
The state of being strong and active; energy.
Example
The vitality of the team helped them succeed in the competition.
团队的活力帮助他们在比赛中取得了成功。
C2 noun /ˌvɛrɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd/

verisimilitude

逼真
Meaning
the appearance of being true or real
Example
The movie was praised for its verisimilitude to actual events.
这部电影因其与实际事件的逼真感而受到称赞。
B2 noun /vɪˈsɪn.ə.ti/

Vicinity

附近; 邻近
Meaning
the area near or surrounding a particular place; neighborhood
Example
There are many shops in the vicinity of the school.
学校附近有很多商店。
C2 adjective /vəˈlʌptʃuəs/

voluptuous

奢华的
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by luxury and sensual pleasure; sexually attractive.
Example
The artist painted a voluptuous figure reclining on the couch.
艺术家画了一幅奢华的雕像，躺在沙发上。
B1 noun /ˈvɜːr.ʒən/

Version

版本; 形式; 叙述
Meaning
a particular form or variation of something; an account of an event
Example
This is the latest version of the software.
这是软件的最新版本。
B2 adjective /ˈvɜːrtɪkl/

vertical

垂直
Meaning
Standing or pointing straight up; perpendicular to the ground.
Example
The skyscraper has a perfectly vertical design.
这座摩天大楼有一个完美的垂直设计。
B2 noun /ˈvæn.ɪ.ti/

Vanity

虚荣
Meaning
excessive pride in one's appearance or achievements; the quality of being worthless or pointless
Example
Her vanity made her spend hours looking at herself in the mirror.
她的虚荣让她花了好几个小时在镜子前看自己。
C2 adjective /vɪˈtjuːpərətɪv/

vituperative

辱骂的
Meaning
Characterized by abusive or harsh language.
Example
The teacher’s vituperative remarks left the students in tears.
老师的辱骂言辞让学生们泪流满面。
B2 noun /veɪl/

Veil

面纱; 罩子; 新娘面纱;
Meaning
a piece of fine material worn to protect or conceal the face; something that conceals or disguises
Example
The bride wore a beautiful white veil during the ceremony.
新娘在仪式上戴着一条美丽的白色面纱。
B2 noun /ˈveɪ.kən.si/

Vacancy

空缺; 空位或职位
Meaning
an unoccupied position or job; an empty space or room
Example
There is a vacancy for a software engineer in our company.
我们公司有一个软件工程师的空缺。
C1 noun /ˈvɪɡər/

vigor

活力
Meaning
Physical strength, energy, or enthusiasm.
Example
She tackled the project with great vigor and determination.
她以巨大的活力和决心投入到这个项目中。
C2 noun /ˈvaɪsrɔɪ/

viceroy

副总督
Meaning
a ruler exercising authority on behalf of a sovereign in a colony or province
Example
The viceroy governed the colony in the king's name.
副总督以国王的名义治理殖民地。
B2 noun /ˈvæljuː ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/

value proposition

一份说明产品或服务提供给客户的独特价值或好处的声明
Meaning
A statement that explains the unique benefits or value that a product or service offers to customers.
Example
A clear value proposition attracts more customers.
明确的价值主张吸引更多的客户。
C2 noun /vəˈliːɪti/

velleity

微弱的愿望
Meaning
A wish or inclination not strong enough to lead to action.
Example
His interest in painting never grew beyond a mere velleity.
他对绘画的兴趣从未超越一个微弱的愿望。
C2 adjective /ˈveɪpərəs/

Vaporous

蒸汽的; 模糊的
Meaning
consisting of vapor; vague or insubstantial
Example
The morning air was filled with vaporous mist.
早晨的空气充满了蒸汽般的雾气。
C2 noun /vɪm/

vim

活力
Meaning
energy and enthusiasm
Example
She performed the dance with great vim and vigor.
她充满活力和热情地表演了这支舞蹈。
B2 noun /ˈvɜː.dɪkt/

verdict

Meaning
a decision made by a jury or judge in a court case
Example
The jury returned a guilty verdict after three hours of deliberation.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛəriəˌɡeɪtɪd/

variegated

五彩斑斕
Meaning
Having different colors, especially in irregular patches or streaks.
Example
The garden was full of variegated plants.
花園裡充滿了五彩斑斕的植物。
B1 noun /ˈvoʊtɪŋ/

voting

投票
Meaning
the act of making a choice in an election or decision by casting a vote
Example
Voting is an important part of a democratic society.
投票是民主社会的重要组成部分。
C2 noun /ˈvɜːrdɪɡriːs/

verdigris

铜绿
Meaning
A green or bluish deposit that forms on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces due to oxidation.
Example
The old statue was covered in verdigris after years of exposure to the rain.
那座古老的雕像在多年暴露于雨水中后，覆盖了一层铜绿。
B2 adverb /ˈvɜː.tʃu.ə.li/

Virtually

几乎; 实际上;
Meaning
nearly; almost; in effect though not in name
Example
The building was virtually destroyed in the earthquake.
这座建筑在地震中几乎被摧毁。
B2 noun /ˈvɛtərən/

veteran

有经验的人 / 退役军人
Meaning
a person who has long experience in a particular field or an ex-member of the armed forces
Example
He is a veteran of the software industry.
他是软件行业的老兵。
B2 adjective /ˈvʌl.nər.ə.bəl/

vulnerable

脆弱
Meaning
susceptible to physical or emotional harm
Example
Children are often the most vulnerable in times of crisis.
孩子们在危机时刻常常是最脆弱的。
C1 noun /ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.ləns/

vigilance

警觉
Meaning
The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.
Example
Constant vigilance is required in cybersecurity.
在网络安全中，持续的警觉是必需的。
C2 verb /voʊˈsɪfəˌreɪt/

vociferate

大声抗议
Meaning
to shout, complain, or argue loudly or vehemently
Example
The protesters vociferated against the unfair law.
抗议者大声抗议不公平的法律。
C2 adjective /veɪnˈɡlɔːriəs/

vainglorious

自负的
Meaning
Excessively proud of oneself or one’s achievements; boastful.
Example
The vainglorious leader boasted about his minor achievements.
那个自负的领导者炫耀着他的微不足道的成就。
C2 adjective /vərˈmɪkjələr/

vermicular

像虫子一样
Meaning
having a shape or appearance like a worm; worm-like
Example
The artist used a vermicular design to decorate the border of the manuscript.
艺术家用虫子一样的设计装饰手稿的边缘。
C2 noun ˈvaɪ.və ˈvəʊs

viva voce

口试
Meaning
An oral examination, typically for an academic qualification.
Example
Viva Voce tests communication skills.
Viva Voce 考试评估沟通技巧。
C2 adjective /ˈvɛndɪbəl/

vendible

可销售的
Meaning
Capable of being sold; marketable.
Example
Only vendible products were displayed at the trade fair.
只有可销售的产品在贸易展会上展示。
C2 noun /ˈveɪnɡlɔːri/

vainglory

虚荣
Meaning
Excessive vanity or boastfulness about one's achievements.
Example
His speech was filled with vainglory and self-praise.
他的演讲充满了虚荣和自我吹嘘。
C2 adjective /ˈvɛntrəl/

ventral

腹侧的
Meaning
relating to the underside or abdominal part of an animal or organ
Example
The fish has a white ventral surface.
鱼的腹侧表面是白色的。
B2 noun /vɜːrs/

verse

诗句
Meaning
A line of writing in poetry; a section of a song or poem.
Example
She wrote a beautiful verse for the wedding ceremony.
她为婚礼仪式写了一首美丽的诗句。
C1 noun /viˈoʊlə/ or /ˈvaɪələ/

viola

维奥拉
Meaning
A stringed instrument slightly larger than a violin, with a deeper and mellower tone.
Example
She chose to play the viola in the school orchestra.
她选择在学校管弦乐队中演奏维奥拉。
C2 noun /ˈvɪtrioʊl/

vitriol

尖刻的批评
Meaning
harsh and bitter criticism
Example
The politician faced vitriol from the public.
政治家遭受了公众的尖刻批评。
C2 adjective /ˈviː.ni.əl/

Venial

可原谅的；不严重错误；轻微的
Meaning
forgivable; not seriously wrong; minor
Example
His late arrival was considered a venial offense.
他的迟到被认为是一个可原谅的过错。
C2 adjective /ˈvoʊlənt/

volant

会飞的
Meaning
able to fly or moving swiftly
Example
The volant bird soared gracefully across the sky.
那只会飞的鸟优雅地飞翔在天空中。
C2 verb /ˈvɪtrɪfaɪ/

vitrify

转变为玻璃
Meaning
to turn into glass or a glass-like substance by heat
Example
Sand can vitrify under intense heat.
沙子在强烈的热量下可以转变为玻璃。
C2 adjective /vəˈnɪəriəl/

venereal

性病的
Meaning
relating to sexual intercourse or sexually transmitted diseases
Example
Doctors warn about the dangers of venereal diseases.
医生警告性病的危险。
C1 noun /ˈvendʒəns/

Vengeance

复仇
Meaning
punishment inflicted or retribution exacted for an injury or wrong; revenge
Example
He swore to seek vengeance against those who wronged him.
他发誓要向那些伤害他的人复仇。
B1 noun /ˈvɪʒ.ən/

vision

视力
Meaning
The faculty or state of being able to see.
Example
Excessive rubbing can damage vision.
过度摩擦可能损害视力。
C1 adverb /ˈvælɪdli/

validly

合法地
Meaning
in a legally, logically, or officially acceptable manner
Example
The contract was validly signed by both parties.
合同已由双方合法地签署。
C2 noun /ˈvɔːdəvɪl/

vaudeville

歌舞杂耍
Meaning
A type of entertainment popular in the early 20th century, featuring a mixture of comedy, song, dance, and variety acts.
Example
The vaudeville show included comedians, magicians, and dancers.
歌舞杂耍表演包括喜剧演员、魔术师和舞者。
A1 verb /ˈvɪzɪt/

visit

参观
Meaning
to go and see someone or somewhere; to pay a call
Example
We plan to visit the museum this weekend.
我们计划这个周末参观博物馆。
B2 noun /vɜːrdʒ/

Verge

边缘; 极限; 门槛
Meaning
the edge or border of something; very close to happening
Example
She was on the verge of tears.
她几乎要哭出来了。
C1 adjective /ˈvɛnərəbəl/

Venerable

尊敬的; 受人尊敬的
Meaning
deserving respect due to age, wisdom, or character; revered
Example
The venerable professor has taught at the university for fifty years.
这位威望的教授在大学里教书已五十年。
C1 noun /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl ˈfɑː.mɪŋ/

vertical farming

垂直农业
Meaning
The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
Example
Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.
垂直农业确保城市区域的最大空间利用。
B2 adjective /ˈvaɪ.brənt/

Vibrant

充满活力; 鲜艳的; 生动的
Meaning
full of energy and life; bright and striking
Example
The vibrant colors of the sunset painted the sky beautifully.
日落的鲜艳色彩美丽地涂抹了天空。
C2 adjective /ˈvɒkətɪv/

vocative

呼格
Meaning
relating to a case in grammar used for directly addressing someone
Example
In Latin, the vocative case is used when directly calling someone by name.
在拉丁语中，呼格用来直接用名字呼唤某人。
C1 verb /vaʊtʃ/

vouch

保证
Meaning
to confirm or assert the truth or reliability of something
Example
I can vouch for his honesty.
我可以为他的诚实作证。
C2 noun /ˈvoʊkəbəl/

vocable

词汇
Meaning
a word, term, or sound that has meaning
Example
The dictionary contained thousands of vocables from different languages.
字典中包含来自不同语言的成千上万的词汇。
B2 noun /ˌveəriˈeɪʃən/

Variation

变化; 改变; 状态或数量的差异
Meaning
a change or difference in condition, amount, or level; a different or distinct form or version of something
Example
There was a significant variation in temperature throughout the day.
白天温度变化显著。
C1 adjective vəˈreɪ.ʃəs

voracious

贪吃的
Meaning
Having a very eager approach to an activity; wanting or devouring great quantities of food or having an insatiable appetite.
Example
He has a voracious appetite for knowledge.
他对知识有着贪吃的胃口。
C2 noun /vərˈmɪl.jən/

Vermillion

鲜红色-橙色; 这种颜色的颜料
Meaning
a bright red-orange color; a pigment of this color
Example
The artist used vermillion paint for the sunset.
艺术家为日落使用了维米利昂颜料。
B1 noun /ˈviːɪkəl/

Vehicle

车辆; 汽车; 媒介
Meaning
a thing used for transporting people or goods, especially on land; a means of expressing or displaying something
Example
The electric vehicle is becoming more popular these days.
电动汽车在这些日子里越来越受欢迎。
C1 noun /vʌlˈɡær.ɪ.ti/

Vulgarity

粗俗
Meaning
the quality of being rude, offensive, or indecent; lack of sophistication or good taste
Example
The comedian's jokes were criticized for their vulgarity.
喜剧演员的笑话因其粗俗而受到批评。
C1 noun ˌvɜː.səˈtɪl.ɪ.ti

versatility

多功能性
Meaning
Ability to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many different skills.
Example
His versatility made him successful in multiple fields.
他的多功能性使他在多个领域取得成功。
C2 noun /ˈvæsəl/

vassal

附庸
Meaning
A person or country in a subordinate position to another, especially in feudal times under a lord.
Example
The king granted land to his vassal in return for loyalty and service.
国王为他的附庸提供土地，以换取忠诚和服务。
C1 adjective /ˈvɛrɪtəbl/

veritable

真实的
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
这座房子与我们的相比，简直是座真正的宫殿。
C2 adjective /ˌvɪtriˈɑːlɪk/

vitriolic

尖刻的批评
Meaning
filled with bitter criticism or malice
Example
His vitriolic remarks hurt everyone in the room.
他尖刻的评论伤害了房间里所有的人。
B2 verb /ˈvælɪdeɪt/

validate

验证
Meaning
To check or prove the accuracy, truth, or legality of something.
Example
The scientist worked hard to validate the experiment's results.
科学家努力验证实验结果。
C2 noun /ˈvɪzɪdʒ/

visage

幸福
Meaning
A person's face or facial expression.
Example
Her stern visage intimidated the children.
她获得奖项时，无法掩饰她的幸福。
B2 noun /ˌvɪz.ɪˈbɪlɪti/

visibility

可见性
Meaning
The state of being able to see or be seen; exposure or prominence.
Example
Increased visibility on social media can help businesses grow.
在社交媒体上的可见性增加可以帮助企业成长。
C1 adjective /ˈviːnəs/

venous

静脉的
Meaning
relating to the veins that carry blood to the heart
Example
The doctor examined the patient’s venous circulation.
医生检查了病人的静脉循环。
C2 adjective /ˈvɪtriəs/

vitreous

玻璃状
Meaning
having a glass-like appearance or quality
Example
The mineral has a vitreous shine.
这种矿物有玻璃状的光泽。
C1 noun/verb /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

varnish

清漆
Meaning
A liquid that is applied to wood or other materials to form a hard, shiny surface; also to apply such a liquid.
Example
The carpenter varnished the table to give it a glossy finish.
木匠给桌子涂了清漆，给它一个光亮的外观。
C2 adjective /ˈvɪrəl/

virile

男性化
Meaning
having traditionally masculine qualities, such as strength, energy, and sexual vigor
Example
The actor was admired for his virile appearance.
演员因其男性化的外貌而受到赞赏。
B1 adjective /ˈvælɪd/

Valid

有效; 法律上或官方上可接受的
Meaning
legally or officially acceptable; having a sound basis in logic or fact
Example
The passport is valid for ten years.
护照有效期为十年。
C1 noun /voʊɡ/

vogue

时尚
Meaning
the prevailing fashion, style, or trend at a particular time
Example
Minimalist design is currently in vogue.
极简设计目前很时尚。
C1 noun ˌvæljuˈeɪʃən

valuation

估价
Meaning
An estimation of the worth of something.
Example
The valuation of the property was much higher than expected.
该物业的评估远高于预期。
C1 adjective /ˈven.ə.məs/

Venomous

有毒的; 恶意的;
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
毒蛇迅速袭击了它的猎物。
C1 adjective /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/

Vindictive

复仇心强的
Meaning
having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge
Example
His vindictive behavior towards his former colleagues was unprofessional.
他对前同事的复仇心态非常不专业。
C1 adjective /ˈvɪskəs/

viscous

粘性
Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.
Example
Honey is a viscous liquid that flows slowly.
蜂蜜是一种粘性液体，流动缓慢。
B2 noun /vaɪˈbreɪ.ʃən/

Vibration

震动
Meaning
a rapid back and forth movement; oscillation
Example
The phone's vibration woke me up.
电话的震动把我吵醒了。
C1 noun ˈvæljuː beɪst ˌɛdjuːˈkeɪʃən

value-based education

基于价值的教育
Meaning
Education that emphasizes moral principles and ethical values.
Example
Value-based education shapes moral character.
基于价值的教育塑造了道德品格。
B1 adjective /ˈvæljʊəbl/

Valuable

有价值的; 重要的
Meaning
worth a great deal of money; extremely useful or important
Example
The painting is very valuable and worth millions.
这幅画非常有价值，价值数百万。
C1 noun /ˈvɛriəns/

variance

方差
Meaning
the state of being different or inconsistent; in statistics, a measure of the spread between numbers
Example
There is a wide variance in students' performance levels.
学生的表现水平有很大的方差。
C1 noun /ˈvælər/

valor

英勇
Meaning
Great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle.
Example
The soldier was honored for his valor during the war.
士兵因在战争中表现出的英勇而受到表彰。
B2 noun ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən

ventilation

通风
Meaning
The provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc.
Example
Proper ventilation is essential for maintaining air quality.
良好的通风对于保持空气质量至关重要。
C2 noun /ˈvæləns/

valance

装饰帷幔
Meaning
A decorative drapery hung across the top of a window or bed.
Example
She chose a floral valance to match the curtains in her bedroom.
她选择了一款花卉装饰帷幔来搭配她卧室里的窗帘。
C1 noun /ˌvɜːbəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

verbalization

语言表达
Meaning
The action of expressing something in words.
Example
The verbalization of his thoughts was clear and direct.
他的思想的语言表达是清晰和直接的。
B1 noun /ˈvaɪ.ə.ləns/

Violence

暴力; 残忍; 极端强度
Meaning
behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; extreme force or intensity
Example
The government condemned all forms of violence against civilians.
政府谴责了一切形式的暴力行为，尤其是针对平民。
C2 verb /ˈvɛəriəˌɡeɪt/

variegate

使多样化
Meaning
To diversify or mark with different colors or patterns.
Example
The artist used different shades to variegate the design.
艺术家使用不同的阴影来使设计变得多样化。
C2 noun /ˈvɪrjʊləns/

virulence

毒性
Meaning
The severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.
Example
Scientists studied the virulence of the new virus strain.
科学家研究了新病毒株的毒性。
B2 verb /ˈvænɪʃ/

vanish

消失
Meaning
to disappear suddenly; to become invisible
Example
The magician made the rabbit vanish from the hat.
魔术师让兔子从帽子里消失了。
B2 adjective /væst/

Vast

广阔; 巨大; 无边
Meaning
extremely large in size, amount, or extent; immense
Example
The vast ocean stretched endlessly to the horizon.
广阔的海洋延伸至天际。
C1 noun /ˈviːəməns/

Vehemence

强烈; 感情或表达的强度
Meaning
great forcefulness or intensity of feeling or expression; passionate conviction
Example
He argued with such vehemence that everyone was surprised.
他辩论时的强烈情感让每个人都感到吃惊。
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.sə.taɪl/

versatile

多才多艺
Meaning
Able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many uses or applications.
Example
He is a versatile musician who can play multiple instruments.
他是一个多才多艺的音乐家，能演奏多种乐器。
A2 noun /vjuː/

View

视野; 观点; 意见
Meaning
the ability to see something; a particular way of considering or regarding something; an opinion
Example
The mountain view from our hotel room was breathtaking.
从我们酒店房间看出去的山景令人叹为观止。
B1 noun /ˈvɪn.ɪ.ɡər/

Vinegar

醋
Meaning
a sour liquid made from fermented alcohol, used for cooking and preserving
Example
I added vinegar to the salad dressing for extra flavor.
我在沙拉酱里加了醋，以增加味道。
B2 adjective /ˈvɪv.ɪd/

Vivid

生动的; 明亮的; 清晰的;
Meaning
producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind; bright and intense
Example
She has vivid memories of her childhood in the countryside.
她对自己在乡村的童年有着生动的记忆。
C1 adverb/adjective /vɜːˈbeɪ.tɪm/

verbatim

逐字或逐句
Meaning
In exactly the same words as were used originally; word for word repetition.
Example
She repeated his instructions verbatim to avoid errors.
她逐字重复了他的指示，以避免错误。
C1 noun /ˈvenəm/

Venom

毒液
Meaning
a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes; extreme malice and bitterness
Example
The snake's venom can be deadly if not treated quickly.
蛇的毒液如果不及时治疗，可能会致命。
C2 verb /ˈvɪʃieɪt/

vitiate

败坏
Meaning
to spoil, weaken, or make something less effective
Example
One careless remark can vitiate the entire argument.
一句不小心的话可能会破坏整个论点。
C2 noun /ˈvoʊtəri/

votary

信徒
Meaning
A devoted follower or admirer of someone or something.
Example
He is a votary of classical music and attends every concert.
他是古典音乐的信徒，每场音乐会都会参加。
C1 adjective /ˈvɛlvəti/

velvety

幸福
Meaning
having a smooth, soft texture like velvet
Example
She spoke in a low, velvety voice.
她收到奖项时，无法掩饰她的幸福。
B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

航程; 海上航行
Meaning
a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
Example
The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.
船只穿越大西洋的航行花了两周。
B1 abbreviation /vərsəs/

vs

对抗
Meaning
used to indicate opposition or contrast between two things
Example
The match was Brazil vs Argentina in the final.
比赛是巴西对抗阿根廷的决赛。
B2 noun /ˈvɜː.tʃuː/

Virtue

美德；道德；有用的品质
Meaning
behavior showing high moral standards; a good or useful quality of a thing
Example
Honesty is considered the highest virtue in many cultures.
诚实在许多文化中被认为是最高的美德。
B2 noun /ˈvæmpaɪər/

vampire

幸福
Meaning
a mythical creature that sucks blood from the living; metaphorically, a person who exploits others
Example
In folklore, a vampire rises at night to drink human blood.
她在获得奖项时无法隐藏自己的幸福。
B1 noun /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/

Vegetarian

素食者
Meaning
a person who does not eat meat or fish; relating to vegetarians or vegetarianism
Example
She became a vegetarian for health and environmental reasons.
她因健康和环保原因成为了素食者。
C1 noun /ˌvɜːrtʃuˈoʊsoʊ/

virtuoso

艺术大师
Meaning
A person highly skilled in music, art, or another artistic pursuit.
Example
The pianist is a true virtuoso, captivating audiences worldwide.
这位钢琴家是真正的艺术大师，吸引着全球的观众。
B1 noun /ˈvɪk.tɪm/

Victim

受害者
Meaning
a person who suffers harm, injury, or death as a result of an event or action
Example
The victim was taken to the hospital immediately.
受害者立即被送往医院。
C1 verb /ˈvæŋkwɪʃ/

vanquish

征服
Meaning
to defeat thoroughly, especially in battle or competition
Example
The army vanquished its enemies with superior strategy.
军队以优越的战略打败了敌人。
C1 adjective /ˈvendʒ.fəl/

Vengeful

怀恨的
Meaning
seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury; vindictive
Example
She felt vengeful after her friend betrayed her trust.
她在朋友背叛她的信任后感到复仇心重。
C2 noun /ˈvɛstmənt/

vestment

宗教服饰
Meaning
a garment, especially a ceremonial or official robe worn during religious services
Example
The priest wore a golden vestment during the ceremony.
神父在仪式中穿着金色的圣袍。
B2 noun /ˌvæk.sɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Vaccination

疫苗接种
Meaning
the process of giving a vaccine to a person or animal to protect them against a disease
Example
Children receive vaccination against measles at an early age.
孩子们在年轻时接种麻疹疫苗。
B2 noun /ˈves.əl/

vessel

船
Meaning
A ship or large boat.
Example
The vessel carried critical supplies.
船只运输了重要物资。
B1 noun /ˈvæl.juː/

Value

价值; 价格; 重要性
Meaning
the importance or worth of something; the amount of money that something is worth
Example
This antique vase has great sentimental value to our family.
这个古董花瓶对我们家来说具有很大的情感价值。
C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɪˌɡoʊ/

vertigo

幸福
Meaning
A sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain.
Example
She felt a sudden vertigo when she looked down from the tall building.
当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福感。
C1 adjective ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.lənt

vigilant

警觉
Meaning
Keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties; alert and watchful.
Example
The guards remained vigilant throughout the night.
警卫整晚保持警觉。
C2 verb /ˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

vivify

使生动
Meaning
to give life or energy to something; to animate or enliven
Example
The teacher’s enthusiasm helped vivify the boring lecture.
教师的热情帮助使乏味的讲座焕发了生机。
C1 noun /vəˈræs.ə.ti/

veracity

真实性
Meaning
Conformity to facts; accuracy and truthfulness.
Example
The journalist checked the veracity of the report.
记者核实了报告的真实性。
C2 adjective ˌvɪz.ju.oʊˈspeɪ.ʃəl

visuospatial

与通过视觉理解空间和物体之间的关系有关
Meaning
Related to understanding the relationship between space and objects through vision.
Example
Good visuospatial skills are important for architecture and design.
良好的视觉空间技能对建筑和设计非常重要。
B2 noun /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/

Validity

有效性
Meaning
the quality of being legally or officially acceptable; the quality of being logically or factually sound
Example
The validity of the contract expires next month.
合同的有效性将在下个月到期。
B1 noun /ˈvaɪrəs/

virus

病毒
Meaning
A tiny infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism.
Example
The computer was infected with a dangerous virus.
计算机感染了一个危险的病毒。
B1 adjective /ˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Visible

可见的; 清晰的; 显而易见的
Meaning
able to be seen; noticeable; apparent
Example
The mountain peak was clearly visible from our hotel room.
山峰从我们的酒店房间中清晰可见。
C2 adjective /vəˈreɪʃəs/

veracious

真实的
Meaning
Truthful, honest; habitually speaking the truth.
Example
She gave a veracious account of what happened that day.
她给出了那天发生的事情的真实描述。
B1 noun /ˌvɒl.ənˈtɪər/

Volunteer

志愿者
Meaning
a person who freely offers to take part in an enterprise or undertake a task
Example
Many volunteers helped distribute food to the homeless.
许多志愿者帮助无家可归的人分发食物。