C1 noun ˌvɒl.əˈtɪl.ɪ.ti

volatility

波动性

Meaning

Liability to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse; instability.

Example

The stock market's volatility makes investment risky.

股市的波动性使投资变得有风险。

C2 noun /ˌvɛəriəˈɡeɪʃən/

variegation

变色

Meaning

The appearance of differently colored zones in the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants.

Example

Variegation makes the foliage look more attractive.

变色使得植物的叶子更加吸引人。

B2 adjective /ˈveɪ.kənt/

Vacant

空的；未占用的；可用的

Meaning

empty; not occupied; available

Example

There is a vacant apartment on the second floor.

在二楼有一个空置的公寓。

B1 noun /ˈvɪʒ.ən/

vision

视力

Meaning

The faculty or state of being able to see.

Example

Excessive rubbing can damage vision.

过度摩擦可能损害视力。

C1 verb /ˈviːtoʊ/

veto

否决

Meaning

to reject or forbid a decision, proposal, or law

Example

The president decided to veto the new bill.

总统决定否决这项新法案。

B1 noun /vaɪəˈlɪn/

Violin

小提琴

Meaning

a musical instrument with four strings that is played with a bow

Example

She plays the violin beautifully in the orchestra.

她在乐队中优美地演奏小提琴。

B1 noun /vɒlˈkeɪ.noʊ/

Volcano

幸福

Meaning

a mountain with an opening through which lava, gas, and ash can escape

Example

The volcano erupted after being dormant for decades.

她在获得奖项时无法隐藏自己的幸福。

C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɪˌɡoʊ/

vertigo

幸福

Meaning

A sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain.

Example

She felt a sudden vertigo when she looked down from the tall building.

当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福感。

C2 noun /ˈveɪnɡlɔːri/

vainglory

虚荣

Meaning

Excessive vanity or boastfulness about one's achievements.

Example

His speech was filled with vainglory and self-praise.

他的演讲充满了虚荣和自我吹嘘。

C1 noun /veɪl/

vale

山谷

Meaning

A valley, often used in a poetic or literary sense.

Example

The village lay hidden in a quiet green vale.

村庄隐藏在一个宁静的绿色山谷中。

B1 verb /ˈveri/

vary

变化

Meaning

to change or differ; to make different

Example

The weather conditions vary throughout the day.

天气条件整天都在变化。

C2 noun /ˈvɛstmənt/

vestment

宗教服饰

Meaning

a garment, especially a ceremonial or official robe worn during religious services

Example

The priest wore a golden vestment during the ceremony.

神父在仪式中穿着金色的圣袍。

A2 noun /væn/

van

货车

Meaning

a large vehicle used for transporting goods or people

Example

The delivery van stopped in front of our house.

送货车停在我们家门前。

C1 noun /ˈvænɡɑːrd/

vanguard

先锋

Meaning

the forefront of an action, movement, or military force

Example

The company is at the vanguard of technological innovation.

该公司处于技术创新的先锋地位。

B2 noun /veɪl/

Veil

面纱; 罩子; 新娘面纱;

Meaning

a piece of fine material worn to protect or conceal the face; something that conceals or disguises

Example

The bride wore a beautiful white veil during the ceremony.

新娘在仪式上戴着一条美丽的白色面纱。

C1 adjective /ˈvɪrjʊlənt/

virulent

极其有害

Meaning

Extremely severe or harmful in its effects.

Example

The virulent disease spread rapidly across the region.

这种病毒性疾病迅速在该地区传播。

B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

维他命

Meaning

a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy

Example

Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.

水果和蔬菜是维他命的丰富来源。

A1 adverb /ˈver.i/

Very

非常; 极其; 十分

Meaning

to a high degree; extremely; greatly

Example

She is very intelligent and works very hard.

她非常聪明，工作非常努力。

C2 adjective /ˈviː.ni.əl/

Venial

可原谅的；不严重错误；轻微的

Meaning

forgivable; not seriously wrong; minor

Example

His late arrival was considered a venial offense.

他的迟到被认为是一个可原谅的过错。

C2 adjective ˌvɪz.ju.oʊˈspeɪ.ʃəl

visuospatial

与通过视觉理解空间和物体之间的关系有关

Meaning

Related to understanding the relationship between space and objects through vision.

Example

Good visuospatial skills are important for architecture and design.

良好的视觉空间技能对建筑和设计非常重要。

B2 adjective /vɪkˈtɔː.ri.əs/

Victorious

胜利的

Meaning

having won a victory; successful in a struggle or contest

Example

The victorious team celebrated their championship win with great joy.

胜利的队伍以巨大的喜悦庆祝他们的冠军胜利。

B2 adjective /ˈvɜːr.tʃu.əs/

Virtuous

有德行的; 正直的; 道德上卓越的;

Meaning

having high moral standards; righteous; morally excellent

Example

She is known for her virtuous character and honest dealings.

她以其高尚的品格和诚实的行为而闻名。

C1 verb /vaʊtʃ/

vouch

保证

Meaning

to confirm or assert the truth or reliability of something

Example

I can vouch for his honesty.

我可以为他的诚实作证。

C2 adjective /ˈvɛndɪbəl/

vendible

可销售的

Meaning

Capable of being sold; marketable.

Example

Only vendible products were displayed at the trade fair.

只有可销售的产品在贸易展会上展示。

C2 verb /ˈvɛdʒɪteɪt/

vegetate

发呆

Meaning

to live in a dull, inactive, or unchallenging way, often with little physical or mental effort

Example

He spent his vacation vegetating on the couch in front of the TV.

他把假期都用来在沙发上看电视，什么都不做。

B2 noun ˈven.tʃərz

ventures

企业

Meaning

Business enterprises or undertakings, especially risky ones.

Example

Luxury ventures in space attract wealthy clients.

奢侈的太空投资吸引了富有的客户。

A2 verb /voʊt/

vote

投票

Meaning

to make a choice in an election; to express preference

Example

Citizens vote to choose their representatives.

公民投票选举他们的代表。

C2 adjective /ˈven.tʃər.əs/

Venturous

冒险的; 大胆的

Meaning

willing to take risks; adventurous; bold

Example

The venturous explorer climbed the dangerous mountain.

勇敢的探险者攀登了危险的山脉。

C1 verb /ˈvɪktɪmaɪz/

victimize

迫害

Meaning

To make someone a victim, often by treating them unfairly or cruelly.

Example

The corrupt officials victimized the poor villagers.

腐败的官员对贫困的村民进行了迫害。

C2 noun /ˈvaɪsrɔɪ/

viceroy

副总督

Meaning

a ruler exercising authority on behalf of a sovereign in a colony or province

Example

The viceroy governed the colony in the king's name.

副总督以国王的名义治理殖民地。

C2 adjective /ˈvjuː.ləs/

Viewless

不可见的；没有观点的

Meaning

invisible; having no views or opinions

Example

The ghost remained viewless to most people in the haunted house.

鬼魂对大多数人来说在鬼屋里是不可见的。

B1 noun /ˈvoʊtɪŋ/

voting

投票

Meaning

the act of making a choice in an election or decision by casting a vote

Example

Voting is an important part of a democratic society.

投票是民主社会的重要组成部分。

B1 noun ˈvɪktəri

victory

胜利

Meaning

The act of defeating an enemy or opponent in a battle, game, or other competition.

Example

The victory of Bangladesh on December 16 is a moment of pride.

孟加拉国在12月16日的胜利是骄傲的时刻。

C1 noun /ˌvɜːbəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

verbalization

语言表达

Meaning

The action of expressing something in words.

Example

The verbalization of his thoughts was clear and direct.

他的思想的语言表达是清晰和直接的。

C2 noun /ˈvɛləm/

vellum

羊皮纸

Meaning

a fine parchment made originally from the skin of a calf, used for writing or printing

Example

The ancient manuscript was written on vellum.

古老的手稿是用羊皮纸写的。

C2 adjective /ˌvɛrɪˈsɪmɪlər/

verisimilar

类似于真实

Meaning

appearing to be true or real

Example

The story seemed verisimilar though it was entirely fictional.

这个故事看起来类似于真实，尽管它完全是虚构的。

B2 verb /ˈvænɪʃ/

vanish

消失

Meaning

to disappear suddenly; to become invisible

Example

The magician made the rabbit vanish from the hat.

魔术师让兔子从帽子里消失了。

A1 noun /ˈvɪdiəʊ/

video

视频

Meaning

a recording of moving visual images made digitally or on film

Example

She watched the video of her favorite concert online.

她在网上观看了她最喜欢的演唱会视频。

C2 noun /ˈvæsəl/

vassal

附庸

Meaning

A person or country in a subordinate position to another, especially in feudal times under a lord.

Example

The king granted land to his vassal in return for loyalty and service.

国王为他的附庸提供土地，以换取忠诚和服务。

C1 noun ˌvɛn.əˈreɪ.ʃən

veneration

崇敬

Meaning

Great respect; reverence; the action of regarding with great respect or reverence.

Example

Many cultures show veneration for their ancestors.

许多文化表现出对祖先的崇敬。

C2 adjective /ˈveɪpərəs/

Vaporous

蒸汽的; 模糊的

Meaning

consisting of vapor; vague or insubstantial

Example

The morning air was filled with vaporous mist.

早晨的空气充满了蒸汽般的雾气。

C1 noun ˌvɜː.səˈtɪl.ɪ.ti

versatility

多功能性

Meaning

Ability to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many different skills.

Example

His versatility made him successful in multiple fields.

他的多功能性使他在多个领域取得成功。

C1 adjective /ˈviːəmənt/

Vehement

激烈的; 强烈的; 热情的; 精力充沛的

Meaning

showing strong feeling; forceful; passionate; intense

Example

She gave a vehement denial of the accusations.

她坚决否认了这些指控。

B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lət/

Violet

紫罗兰色

Meaning

of a bluish-purple color

Example

She wore a beautiful violet dress to the party.

她穿了一件漂亮的紫罗兰色裙子参加派对。

B2 verb /ˈvaɪbreɪt/

vibrate

震动

Meaning

To move or cause to move continuously and rapidly back and forth.

Example

The phone began to vibrate on the table.

电话开始在桌子上震动。

B2 noun /ˈveɪ.pər/

Vapour

蒸汽

Meaning

a substance in the form of a gas, especially when it has changed from a liquid or solid state

Example

Water vapour rose from the hot pavement after the rain.

水蒸气在雨后从热的路面上升。

C2 noun /ˈvɪzɪdʒ/

visage

幸福

Meaning

A person's face or facial expression.

Example

Her stern visage intimidated the children.

她获得奖项时，无法掩饰她的幸福。

A2 verb /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

visiting

拜访

Meaning

Going to see and spend time with someone or at a place.

Example

The group is visiting islands during the expedition.

小组在远征期间访问岛屿。

C1 noun /ˈveɪpəraɪzər/

vaporizer

蒸发器

Meaning

a device that turns a liquid into vapor, often for inhalation

Example

She used a vaporizer to ease her cough.

她使用了一个蒸发器来缓解她的咳嗽。

C2 noun ˈvɜː.mɪ.kʌl.tʃər

vermiculture

蚯蚓养殖

Meaning

The cultivation of earthworms, especially for use in composting organic waste.

Example

Vermiculture enriches soil with natural nutrients.

蚯蚓养殖为土壤提供自然养分。

C2 adjective /ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri/

valedictory

告别的

Meaning

Serving as a farewell or parting; relating to a valediction.

Example

He delivered a valedictory speech at the conference.

他在会议上做了告别演讲。

A2 noun /vjuː/

View

视野; 观点; 意见

Meaning

the ability to see something; a particular way of considering or regarding something; an opinion

Example

The mountain view from our hotel room was breathtaking.

从我们酒店房间看出去的山景令人叹为观止。

B1 noun /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/

Vegetarian

素食者

Meaning

a person who does not eat meat or fish; relating to vegetarians or vegetarianism

Example

She became a vegetarian for health and environmental reasons.

她因健康和环保原因成为了素食者。

B2 noun /ˈven.juː/

Venue

场地

Meaning

a place where an event or activity takes place

Example

The wedding venue was beautifully decorated.

婚礼场地被精美装饰。

B2 verb/noun /vɛnt/

vent

排气 / 允许空气或气体流动的开口

Meaning

to release air, gas, or strong emotions; an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass

Example

She vented her frustration after the long meeting.

她在长时间的会议后发泄了她的沮丧情绪。

C2 verb /ˈvɛəriəˌɡeɪt/

variegate

使多样化

Meaning

To diversify or mark with different colors or patterns.

Example

The artist used different shades to variegate the design.

艺术家使用不同的阴影来使设计变得多样化。

B1 noun /ˌvɒl.ənˈtɪər/

Volunteer

志愿者

Meaning

a person who freely offers to take part in an enterprise or undertake a task

Example

Many volunteers helped distribute food to the homeless.

许多志愿者帮助无家可归的人分发食物。

C1 adjective /ˈviːnəs/

venous

静脉的

Meaning

relating to the veins that carry blood to the heart

Example

The doctor examined the patient’s venous circulation.

医生检查了病人的静脉循环。

C1 noun /ˈvɛriəns/

variance

方差

Meaning

the state of being different or inconsistent; in statistics, a measure of the spread between numbers

Example

There is a wide variance in students' performance levels.

学生的表现水平有很大的方差。

B2 noun /vɜːrs/

verse

诗句

Meaning

A line of writing in poetry; a section of a song or poem.

Example

She wrote a beautiful verse for the wedding ceremony.

她为婚礼仪式写了一首美丽的诗句。

C1 verb /veks/

vex

烦扰

Meaning

to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble

Example

The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.

来自施工的持续噪音烦扰着居民。

B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lənt/

Violent

暴力的; 激烈的

Meaning

using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; very forceful or powerful

Example

The violent storm caused significant damage to the coastal areas.

暴力风暴对沿海地区造成了重大损害。

C1 adjective /ˈvɪʒ.ən.er.i/

Visionary

有远见的；富有想象力的；

Meaning

having original ideas about what the future will bring; innovative; imaginative

Example

Steve Jobs was a visionary leader who revolutionized technology.

史蒂夫·乔布斯是一位远见卓识的领导者，他革命性地改变了科技。

C1 adjective /ˈvɪskəs/

viscous

粘性

Meaning

Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.

Example

Honey is a viscous liquid that flows slowly.

蜂蜜是一种粘性液体，流动缓慢。

C1 adjective /ˈvæljuːləs/

valueless

毫无价值

Meaning

having no worth, importance, or usefulness

Example

The old broken phone was considered valueless.

那部旧坏掉的手机被认为是毫无价值的。

C1 adjective /vɜːrˈboʊs/

verbose

冗长

Meaning

Using or expressed in more words than are needed; wordy.

Example

His verbose explanation confused the audience instead of clarifying the issue.

他冗长的解释使观众感到困惑，而不是澄清问题。

B1 noun /ˈvɪn.ɪ.ɡər/

Vinegar

醋

Meaning

a sour liquid made from fermented alcohol, used for cooking and preserving

Example

I added vinegar to the salad dressing for extra flavor.

我在沙拉酱里加了醋，以增加味道。

C2 noun /vɜːrv/

verve

活力

Meaning

Great enthusiasm, spirit, or energy in expression or performance.

Example

The actor performed his role with remarkable verve.

这位演员以惊人的活力表演了他的角色。

B2 adverb /ˈvɜː.tʃu.ə.li/

Virtually

几乎; 实际上;

Meaning

nearly; almost; in effect though not in name

Example

The building was virtually destroyed in the earthquake.

这座建筑在地震中几乎被摧毁。

B2 noun /vaɪs/

Vice

恶习; 不道德行为; 缺点

Meaning

an immoral or wicked behavior; a moral failing or fault

Example

Smoking is his only vice.

吸烟是他唯一的恶习。

C2 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtəl/

vegetal

植物的

Meaning

relating to or consisting of plants or vegetation

Example

The soup had a distinct vegetal flavor.

汤有一种独特的植物味。

C1 noun /ˈvæɡ.ə.bɒnd/

Vagabond

流浪汉; 无家可归者

Meaning

a person who has no home or job and travels from place to place

Example

The old vagabond wandered through the streets looking for food.

那位年老的流浪汉在街头四处游荡寻找食物。

C1 noun /ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.ləns/

vigilance

警觉

Meaning

The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.

Example

Constant vigilance is required in cybersecurity.

在网络安全中，持续的警觉是必需的。

C2 verb /ˈvɪlɪfaɪ/

vilify

幸福

Meaning

to speak or write about someone in an abusive or disparaging manner

Example

The politician was vilified in the media for his controversial remarks.

当她收到奖项时，她无法隐藏自己的幸福。

B2 noun /ˌveəriˈeɪʃən/

Variation

变化; 改变; 状态或数量的差异

Meaning

a change or difference in condition, amount, or level; a different or distinct form or version of something

Example

There was a significant variation in temperature throughout the day.

白天温度变化显著。

C1 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv/

vegetative

与生长或生命的基本过程相关，通常没有意识的思考或活动

Meaning

relating to growth or the basic processes of life, often without conscious thought or activity

Example

The patient remained in a vegetative state after the accident.

事故发生后，病人保持在植物状态。

B2 noun /ˈvɜː.tʃuː/

Virtue

美德；道德；有用的品质

Meaning

behavior showing high moral standards; a good or useful quality of a thing

Example

Honesty is considered the highest virtue in many cultures.

诚实在许多文化中被认为是最高的美德。

C2 noun /ˈveɪɡəri/

vagary

意外变化

Meaning

An unexpected and inexplicable change in a situation or someone's behavior.

Example

The vagaries of the weather made planning difficult.

天气的变化使得计划变得困难。

C1 noun /ˌvəʊ.kəl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

vocalization

发声，表达思想或情感的语言

Meaning

The action of producing sounds with the voice; the expression of thoughts or feelings in spoken words.

Example

The vocalization of the singer captivated the audience.

歌手的发声吸引了观众。

B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.bəl/

verbal

口头的，通过文字表达

Meaning

Relating to or in the form of words; spoken rather than written.

Example

Verbal communication is essential in most situations.

口头沟通在大多数情况下是必需的。

C1 noun /ˈvɔːrtɛks/

vortex

漩涡

Meaning

A mass of whirling fluid or air, especially a whirlpool or whirlwind.

Example

The plane was caught in a dangerous vortex of air.

飞机被困在一个危险的气流漩涡中。

C2 noun /ˈvɛrɪti/

verity

真实性

Meaning

a true principle or belief; the state of being true

Example

The verity of his statement was confirmed by evidence.

他陈述的真实性通过证据得到了确认。

C1 noun /vɛnˈdɛtə/

vendetta

复仇

Meaning

a prolonged bitter quarrel or campaign of revenge

Example

The two families were caught in a bitter vendetta for generations.

这两个家庭世代相传，陷入了长久的复仇。

C2 noun /ˈvɜːrbiɪdʒ/

verbiage

废话

Meaning

Excessive use of words, often with little content or meaning; wordiness.

Example

The contract was filled with unnecessary legal verbiage.

合同充满了不必要的法律废话。

C1 adjective /ˈvæljənt/

Valiant

英勇的; 英雄的

Meaning

showing courage or determination; brave and heroic

Example

The valiant soldier fought bravely to protect his country.

英勇的士兵勇敢地战斗，保护了他的国家。

C2 noun /ˈvɪtəlz/

victuals

食品

Meaning

Food or provisions, especially for human consumption.

Example

The travelers packed enough victuals for their long journey.

旅行者为他们的长途旅行打包了足够的食物。

B2 noun ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən

ventilation

通风

Meaning

The provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc.

Example

Proper ventilation is essential for maintaining air quality.

良好的通风对于保持空气质量至关重要。

A1 noun /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/

village

村庄

Meaning

a small community or group of houses in a rural area

Example

They live in a small village surrounded by mountains.

他们住在一个被山脉环绕的小村庄里。

B2 noun /ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

verification

验证

Meaning

The process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.

Example

The bank requires verification of identity before opening an account.

银行在开设账户之前需要进行身份验证。

C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrdənt/

verdant

青葱

Meaning

Green with grass or other rich vegetation; lush and fertile.

Example

The hills looked verdant after the monsoon rains.

经过季风雨后，山丘看起来绿意盎然。

C1 noun /ˈvaɪəˌleɪtər/

violator

违规者

Meaning

A person who breaks or disregards a law, rule, or agreement.

Example

The police caught the traffic violator at the intersection.

警察在交叉口抓住了交通违规者。

C1 noun /voʊɡ/

vogue

时尚

Meaning

the prevailing fashion, style, or trend at a particular time

Example

Minimalist design is currently in vogue.

极简设计目前很时尚。

C2 adjective /ˈvɒl.jʊ.bəl/

Voluble

多话的; 话多的

Meaning

speaking fluently and readily; talkative; having a continuous flow of words

Example

The voluble salesman talked for hours about his products.

多话的销售员谈了几个小时关于他的产品。

C2 verb /ˈvaɪtəlaɪz/

vitalize

赋予生命

Meaning

To give life, energy, or strength to something.

Example

Fresh air and exercise can vitalize the body and mind.

新鲜的空气和运动可以使身体和心灵充满活力。

C2 verb /ˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

vivify

使生动

Meaning

to give life or energy to something; to animate or enliven

Example

The teacher’s enthusiasm helped vivify the boring lecture.

教师的热情帮助使乏味的讲座焕发了生机。

B2 noun /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/

viewpoint

观点

Meaning

a particular attitude or way of considering a matter

Example

From his viewpoint, the situation was hopeless.

从他的观点来看，情况是绝望的。

C2 noun /ˌvælɪˈdɪkʃən/

valediction

告别辞

Meaning

The act of saying farewell; a formal goodbye.

Example

The professor gave a touching valediction at his retirement ceremony.

教授在退休仪式上发表了感人的告别辞。

C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

保险库 / 跳跃

Meaning

A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.

Example

The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.

银行将其黄金条存放在一个安全的金库中。

B2 adjective /ˈvɛriəbl/

Variable

可变的

Meaning

able to change; not consistent or having a fixed pattern

Example

The weather has been very variable this week.

这周的天气变化很大。

B1 noun /ˈvaɪrəs/

virus

病毒

Meaning

A tiny infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism.

Example

The computer was infected with a dangerous virus.

计算机感染了一个危险的病毒。

C2 noun /vəˈliːɪti/

velleity

微弱的愿望

Meaning

A wish or inclination not strong enough to lead to action.

Example

His interest in painting never grew beyond a mere velleity.

他对绘画的兴趣从未超越一个微弱的愿望。

B2 noun ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl ˈklɑːs.ruːmz

virtual classrooms

虚拟教室

Meaning

An online learning environment where teachers and students interact via digital platforms.

Example

Virtual classrooms enable remote learning for students worldwide.

虚拟教室为全球学生提供远程学习的机会。

方言

Meaning

the language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular region

Example

He gave his speech in the local vernacular so everyone could understand.

他用当地的方言发表了演讲，以便每个人都能理解。