C1 noun /viˈoʊlə/ or /ˈvaɪələ/

viola

维奥拉

Meaning

A stringed instrument slightly larger than a violin, with a deeper and mellower tone.

Example

She chose to play the viola in the school orchestra.

她选择在学校管弦乐队中演奏维奥拉。

C1 noun /kɒzˈmɒlədʒi/

cosmology

宇宙学

Meaning

the science of the origin and development of the universe

Example

She studied cosmology to understand the origins of the universe.

她学习了宇宙学以理解宇宙的起源。

C1 noun /ɡlɪtʃ/

glitch

故障

Meaning

A sudden, usually temporary fault or malfunction in a system or device.

Example

The computer crashed due to a minor glitch in the software.

由于软件中的小故障，计算机崩溃了。

C1 adjective /ˈaɪərnˌklæd/

ironclad

铁定的

Meaning

impossible to change, break, or dispute; very strong and firm

Example

The company had an ironclad contract with its suppliers.

公司与其供应商签订了铁定合同。

C1 noun /ˈstɪklər/

stickler

对规则严格的人

Meaning

a person who insists on a certain quality or standard of behavior

Example

He is a stickler for punctuality and never tolerates delays.

他非常严格地要求准时，从不容忍迟到。

C1 verb /fɔːrˈtɛl/

foretell

预言

Meaning

to predict or announce something before it happens

Example

The old man claimed he could foretell the future.

那位老人声称他能够预言未来。

C1 noun /ˈpɪntʃərz/

pinchers

钳子

Meaning

a tool used for gripping or squeezing objects

Example

Use the pinchers to remove the hot coal safely.

使用拼钳安全地取下热煤。

C1 noun /mɜːrθ/

mirth

欢乐

Meaning

Great joy, amusement, or laughter.

Example

The festival was full of mirth and laughter.

这个节日充满了欢乐和笑声。

C1 adjective /ˈmɜː.sɪ.fəl/

Merciful

仁慈的; 富有同情心的

Meaning

showing compassion or forgiveness; kind and forgiving

Example

The merciful judge gave him a lighter sentence.

仁慈的法官给了他一个较轻的判决。

C1 noun /bəˈrɒmɪtər/

barometer

气压计

Meaning

an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure

Example

The barometer indicated a storm was approaching.

气压计显示暴风雨即将来临。

C1 noun /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃən/

inclination

倾向

Meaning

A natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way.

Example

She has an inclination towards helping others.

她有帮助他人的倾向。

C1 noun ˌkæp.ɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

capitalization

资本化

Meaning

The total market value of a company's shares or the provision of capital for a company or activity.

Example

The company's capitalization reached $1 billion in market value.

该公司的资本化达到了10亿美元的市场价值。

C1 noun /kənˈdəʊləns/

condolence

慰问

Meaning

An expression of sympathy, especially on the occasion of death.

Example

She offered her sincere condolence to the grieving family.

她向悲痛的家庭表示了最真诚的慰问。

C1 noun /bɒmˈbɑːrdmənt/

bombardment

轰炸

Meaning

a continuous attack with bombs or other projectiles

Example

The city endured a heavy bombardment during the war.

这座城市在战争期间承受了猛烈的轰炸。

C1 noun /ˈsæl.mən fɪʃ / ˈroʊ.huː/

Salmon fish / Rohu

罗胡鱼

Meaning

a freshwater fish popular in South Asian cuisine; also refers to salmon which is a different species

Example

Rohu fish is commonly prepared with spices in Bengali households.

罗胡鱼通常在孟加拉家庭中用香料烹饪。

C1 verb, noun /klɑːɡ/

clog

堵塞 / 木鞋

Meaning

to block or become blocked; a type of heavy wooden shoe

Example

The sink was clogged with food waste.

水槽被食物废料堵住了。

C1 noun /ˈliːweɪ/

leeway

回旋余地

Meaning

Freedom to act within certain limits; extra space or time.

Example

The manager gave the team some leeway to finish the project.

经理给了团队一些回旋余地来完成项目。

C1 noun əˈpreɪ.zəl

appraisal

评估

Meaning

An assessment or evaluation of performance or quality.

Example

The annual appraisal determines salary increments.

年度评估决定薪资增幅。

C1 verb /əˈlɒt/

allot

幸福

Meaning

to give or assign something, often a share or portion, to someone

Example

Each student was allotted ten minutes to present.

她在获得奖项时无法掩饰自己的幸福。

C1 noun /ˈæd.vənt/

advent

到来

Meaning

The arrival of a notable person, thing, or event.

Example

The advent of the internet changed the way people communicate.

互联网的到来改变了人们交流的方式。

C1 noun ˌdʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˈstrʌktʃər

geological structure

地质结构

Meaning

The arrangement and composition of rocks, minerals, and landforms in the Earth's crust.

Example

Scientists will study the Moon's geological structure.

科学家将研究月球的地质结构。

C1 noun /jɑːrn/

Yarn

纱线

Meaning

spun thread used for knitting, weaving, or sewing; a long or rambling story

Example

She bought colorful yarn for knitting a sweater.

她买了彩色的纱线来编织一件毛衣。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈkuːθ/

uncouth

粗鲁

Meaning

Lacking good manners, refinement, or grace; awkward or rough.

Example

His uncouth behavior shocked the guests at the party.

他粗鲁的行为让聚会上的客人感到震惊。

C1 noun /stents/

stents

支架

Meaning

Small mesh tubes used to treat narrow or blocked arteries.

Example

Stents were successfully placed using robotic techniques.

支架通过机器人技术成功放置。

C1 noun ˌkæl.ɪˈbreɪ.ʃən

calibration

校准

Meaning

The action or process of adjusting or determining the accuracy of measuring instruments.

Example

The accuracy of a scale depends on regular calibration.

秤的准确性取决于定期校准。

C1 adjective /kəmˈplɪsɪt/

complicit

共犯 (犯罪中)

Meaning

involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing

Example

He was found complicit in the crime.

他在犯罪中被发现是共犯。

C1 adjective /ˈpræk.tɪ.kə.bəl/

practicable

可行

Meaning

able to be done or put into practice successfully

Example

The plan is not practicable without more resources.

没有更多的资源，这个计划是不可行的。

C1 noun /ˈfɪɡjərˌhɛd/

figurehead

象征性领导

Meaning

a nominal leader with no real power; a symbolic head

Example

The king was merely a figurehead with no real authority.

国王只是一个没有实权的象征性领袖。

C1 noun /ˈswɪndlɚ/

swindler

骗子

Meaning

a person who cheats or deceives others for money or gain

Example

The police finally caught the notorious swindler.

警察终于抓到了臭名昭著的骗子。

C1 noun /ɪˈmiːdiəsi/

immediacy

即时性, 紧迫感

Meaning

The quality of bringing one into direct and instant involvement with something, giving rise to a sense of urgency or excitement.

Example

The immediacy of digital communication has reshaped business operations.

数字通信的即时性已经改变了商业操作。

C1 noun /ˈɒntʊrɑːʒ/

entourage

随行人员

Meaning

A group of people attending or surrounding an important person.

Example

The celebrity arrived with her entourage of assistants and bodyguards.

名人带着她的随行人员和保镖到达了。

C1 noun /ˈkæv.əl.ri/

Cavalry

骑兵

Meaning

soldiers who fight on horseback; the part of an army formerly composed of troops on horseback

Example

The cavalry charged across the field with great speed.

骑兵以极快的速度冲过了田野。

C1 verb /ʃɜːrk/

shirk

逃避

Meaning

to avoid or neglect a duty or responsibility

Example

He always tries to shirk his responsibilities at work.

他总是尽力避免工作中的责任。

C1 noun /ˈstænzə/

stanza

诗节

Meaning

a group of lines forming a unit in a poem or song

Example

The poem begins with a stanza describing nature.

这首诗以一节描述自然的诗句开始。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

inquisitive

好奇的

Meaning

Curious or eager to learn and ask questions.

Example

The inquisitive child asked endless questions about the stars.

那个好奇的孩子问了关于星星无数的问题。

C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

密码

Meaning

A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.

Example

Military messages are protected using a cipher.

军事消息通过密码保护。

C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌstʌdi/

understudy

替身演员

Meaning

An actor who learns another's role to act as a replacement if needed.

Example

The understudy performed when the lead actor fell ill.

当主角生病时，替身演员上场表演。

C1 verb /ˈlʌmbər/

lumber

笨重行走

Meaning

to move in a slow, heavy, awkward way

Example

The bear lumbered through the forest in search of food.

那只熊在森林中沉重地走着寻找食物。

C1 noun /ˌɪnækˈtɪvɪti/

inactivity

不活动

Meaning

the state of not being active physically or mentally; lack of action

Example

Prolonged inactivity can negatively affect both physical and mental health.

长期不活动会对身体和心理健康产生负面影响。

C1 adjective /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

ideological

意识形态的

Meaning

Relating to or based on a system of ideas or beliefs.

Example

The two parties are divided by deep ideological differences.

这两个党派由于深刻的意识形态分歧而分裂。

C1 adjective /ˈɑːr.dənt/

Ardent

热情的; 狂热的; 激情的

Meaning

very enthusiastic; passionate; fervent

Example

She is an ardent supporter of environmental conservation.

她是环保事业的热情支持者。

C1 verb /dɪˈtɛst/

detest

讨厌

Meaning

To dislike intensely or hate.

Example

I detest waking up early on weekends.

我讨厌在周末早起。

C1 adjective /ˈɡruːəlɪŋ/

grueling

艰苦的

Meaning

Extremely tiring and demanding.

Example

The athletes faced a grueling training session.

运动员面对着艰苦的训练课程。

C1 noun /ˈdɪs.ə.nəns/

dissonance

不和谐

Meaning

Disagreement, lack of harmony, conflict between ideas or beliefs.

Example

The cultural dissonance created misunderstandings.

文化不和谐造成了误解。

C1 noun /ˌkɒŋɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/

congregation

集会

Meaning

a group of people assembled for religious worship or a common purpose

Example

The congregation gathered to hear the sermon.

集会聚集在一起聆听讲道。

C1 noun /ˈlɛktən/

lectern

讲台

Meaning

A tall stand with a sloping top used to support a book, notes, or script during a speech or lecture.

Example

The professor placed her notes on the lectern before starting her lecture.

教授在开始讲座之前，把笔记放在讲台上。

C1 adverb /ˈwɪmzɪkli/

Whimsically

任性地，异想天开地

Meaning

In a playful, fanciful, or capricious manner; with sudden changes of mind

Example

She decorated her room whimsically with colorful balloons.

她用五彩缤纷的气球任性地装饰了她的房间。

C1 adjective /kənˈdʒenɪtl/

congenital

先天的

Meaning

existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition

Example

The child was born with a congenital heart defect.

这个孩子出生时就有先天性心脏缺陷。

C1 noun /ˈmɒk.ər.i/

Mockery

嘲笑; 讽刺;

Meaning

teasing and contemptuous language or behavior; ridicule

Example

His speech was met with mockery from the audience.

他的演讲遭到了观众的嘲笑。

C1 verb /əˈpiːz/

appease

安抚 / 满足

Meaning

to calm or pacify someone by meeting their demands

Example

The manager tried to appease the angry customer.

经理试图安抚愤怒的顾客。

C1 adjective /ˈplæsɪd/

placid

平静的，安宁的

Meaning

calm and peaceful, not easily disturbed

Example

She had a placid expression despite the chaos around her.

尽管周围一片混乱，她的表情依然平静。

C1 noun /voʊɡ/

vogue

时尚

Meaning

the prevailing fashion, style, or trend at a particular time

Example

Minimalist design is currently in vogue.

极简设计目前很时尚。

C1 noun /ˈfreɪlti/

frailty

脆弱

Meaning

The condition of being weak, delicate, or easily broken.

Example

Old age often comes with physical frailty.

衰老通常伴随着身体的脆弱。

C1 noun /ˈkærɪkətjʊə/

caricature

讽刺画

Meaning

A picture or description that exaggerates certain features for comic or satirical effect.

Example

The magazine published a caricature of the politician.

杂志发布了政治家的讽刺画。

C1 adjective /rɪˈsɪ.prə.kəl/

Reciprocal

互惠的; 相互的; 两方共同分享;

Meaning

given or done in return; mutual; shared equally by both parties;

Example

The two countries have a reciprocal trade agreement.

这两个国家有一个互惠的贸易协议。

C1 noun /ˈtraɪ.fəl/

Trifle

琐事或无关紧要的事情

Meaning

something of little importance or value; a small amount

Example

Don't worry about such a trifle; it's not worth your time.

别为这种小事担心；它不值得你浪费时间。

C1 noun /bɜːrθ/

Berth

卧铺; 船、火车或其他交通工具上的睡觉地方

Meaning

a sleeping place in a ship, train, or other vehicle; a place where a ship can dock

Example

I booked an upper berth on the overnight train.

我在夜间列车上预订了一个上铺。

C1 noun /ˈpɪk.æks/

Pick-axe

鹤嘴锄

Meaning

a tool with a heavy metal head and long handle used for breaking up hard ground or rock

Example

The miner used a pick-axe to break through the rocky surface.

矿工用鹤嘴锄打破了岩石表面。

C1 adjective /kəmˈplaɪənt/

compliant

顺从

Meaning

Willing to agree with or follow rules, requests, or demands.

Example

She was compliant with all the safety requirements.

她遵守了所有安全要求。

C1 noun /ˈpriːsɪŋkt/

precinct

区

Meaning

A district or area within the boundaries of a city, often for police or electoral purposes.

Example

She went to vote at her local precinct.

她去了她当地的选区投票。

C1 adjective /ˈstraɪ.dənt/

strident

刺耳的, 嘈杂的

Meaning

loud and harsh; presenting a point of view in a forceful way

Example

His strident voice made the debate uncomfortable.

他刺耳的声音让辩论变得不舒服。

C1 noun ˌræʃ.ən.əl.ɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

rationalization

理性化

Meaning

The practice of finding reasons for behavior or actions that are not the real reasons.

Example

His rationalization of the mistake was not convincing.

他对错误的理性化并不令人信服。

C1 adjective /ɪˈfɛm.ər.əl/

ephemeral

短暂

Meaning

Lasting for a very short time; temporary or transitory.

Example

The beauty of cherry blossoms is ephemeral.

樱花的美丽是短暂的。

C1 verb /ˈræn.sæk/

ransack

洗劫

Meaning

to search a place roughly and steal or damage things

Example

Burglars ransacked the house while the family was away.

盗贼在家人不在时洗劫了房子。

C1 adjective /ləˈbɔːr.i.əs/

laborious

费力的

Meaning

requiring considerable effort and time; difficult and hard-working

Example

Writing the long report was a laborious task.

写长报告是一项费力的任务。

C1 adjective /ɪˈmoʊbəl/

immobile

无法移动

Meaning

unable to move or be moved

Example

After the accident, he was immobile for weeks.

事故发生后，他几周都无法移动。

C1 phrase ˌkæt.əˈɡɒr.ɪ.kəl.i rɪˈfjuː.tɪd

categorically refuted

完全驳回

Meaning

Completely and absolutely denied or disproved.

Example

The claims were categorically refuted by officials.

这些主张完全被官方驳回。

C1 adjective /ˈkʌlpəbl̩/

culpable

有罪的

Meaning

deserving blame or responsibility for a wrongdoing

Example

The judge found him culpable for the accident.

法官认定他对事故负有责任。

C1 noun /dɪˈspɜːrʒən/

dispersion

分散

Meaning

The action or process of distributing things or people over a wide area.

Example

The dispersion of seeds by the wind helps plants reproduce.

风的种子散布有助于植物繁殖。

C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃuəs/

tortuous

曲折，复杂

Meaning

Full of twists and turns; excessively complex or complicated.

Example

The tortuous mountain road made driving very difficult.

曲折的山路让驾驶变得非常困难。

C1 noun /ˈiːdɪkt/

edict

法令

Meaning

An official order, proclamation, or decree issued by an authority.

Example

The king issued an edict banning smoking in public places.

国王发布了一个禁烟令，禁止在公共场所吸烟。

C1 adjective /ˈfæn.sɪ.fəl/

fanciful

幻想的, 不现实的

Meaning

overimaginative, unrealistic, or whimsical

Example

The story was too fanciful to be true.

这个故事太幻想了，不可能是真的。

C1 verb /ˈrɛlɪɡeɪt/

relegate

降级

Meaning

to assign to a lower rank, position, or category

Example

The manager decided to relegate the player to the bench.

经理决定将球员降级到替补席。

C1 verb /prəˈfes/

profess

宣称

Meaning

to declare or claim openly; to state one's belief

Example

He professes his love for classical music.

他宣称自己热爱古典音乐。

C1 noun /ˈdrɛsˌmeɪkər/

dressmaker

女裁缝

Meaning

A person who makes or alters women's clothing professionally.

Example

The dressmaker crafted a beautiful gown for the bride.

女裁缝为新娘制作了一件漂亮的礼服。

C1 noun /braɪn/

brine

盐水

Meaning

Water saturated with salt, often used for preserving food.

Example

The olives were stored in brine to keep them fresh.

橄榄被保存在盐水中以保持新鲜。

C1 noun /ˈtrɪb.jə.ter.i/

Tributary

支流

Meaning

a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake

Example

The tributary joins the main river near the city.

支流在城市附近与主河汇合。

C1 noun /ˌdɪs.ɪˈluː.ʒən.mənt/

disillusionment

幻灭

Meaning

A feeling of disappointment resulting from the discovery that something is not as good as one believed it to be.

Example

Many people experience disillusionment after unrealistic expectations.

许多人在不切实际的期望后会经历幻灭。

C1 adjective /ˈplɒd.ɪŋ/

plodding

缓慢且乏味

Meaning

slow-moving and unexciting; showing steady effort

Example

The movie was entertaining but a bit plodding in the middle.

这部电影很有趣，但中间有点缓慢且乏味。

C1 adjective /ˈmɒdʒʊlər/

modular

模块化

Meaning

Employing or involving a module or modules as the basis of design or construction.

Example

The modular design allows for easy customization and scalability.

模块化设计允许轻松定制和可扩展性。

C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ/

exhilarating

令人振奋的

Meaning

Making someone feel very excited, happy, or thrilled.

Example

Skydiving was the most exhilarating experience of his life.

跳伞是他一生中最令人振奋的经历。

C1 verb /ˈlɪbəreɪt/

liberate

解放

Meaning

to set free from imprisonment, oppression, or restraint

Example

The army liberated the city from enemy control.

军队从敌人控制中解放了城市。

C1 noun /ˈdɪɡnɪˌtɛri/

dignitary

重要人物

Meaning

a person considered to be important because of high rank or office

Example

Several foreign dignitaries attended the state banquet.

几位外国重要人物出席了国宴。

C1 adjective + noun ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ ˈmɪʃən

pioneering mission

开创性任务

Meaning

A groundbreaking or innovative undertaking that leads the way in a particular field.

Example

Artemis is a pioneering mission in space exploration.

阿耳忒弥斯是一次开创性的太空探索任务。

C1 noun /ˈlaɪm.stoʊn/

Lime stone

石灰岩

Meaning

a hard sedimentary rock, composed mainly of calcium carbonate or dolomite, used as building material and in the making of cement

Example

The ancient building was made of limestone blocks.

这座古老的建筑是用石灰岩块建造的

C1 noun kənˈsjuː.mə.rɪ.zəm

consumerism

消费主义

Meaning

The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.

Example

Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.

现代消费主义导致对奢侈品的需求增加。

C1 noun /əˈsæsɪn/

Assassin

刺客

Meaning

a person who murders an important person for political or religious reasons

Example

The president was protected from potential assassins by security guards.

总统被保安人员保护，免受潜在刺客的攻击。

C1 noun /ˈɔɪntmənt/

ointment

药膏

Meaning

A smooth, oily substance applied to the skin for healing or soothing.

Example

The doctor prescribed an ointment for the burn on his arm.

医生为他手臂上的烧伤开了一种药膏。

C1 noun /ˌriː.pəˈkʌʃ.ən/

repercussion

后果

Meaning

An unintended consequence occurring some time after an event or action.

Example

The economic crisis had severe repercussions on global trade.

经济危机对全球贸易产生了严重的后果。

C1 noun ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm ˈsɜːvɪsɪz

ecosystem services

生态系统服务

Meaning

The benefits people obtain from ecosystems.

Example

Forests provide valuable ecosystem services, such as purifying air and water.

森林提供有价值的生态系统服务，如空气和水的净化。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈveə.ri.ə.bəl/

Invariable

不变的；恒定的；始终相同的

Meaning

never changing; constant; always the same

Example

His invariable routine includes morning exercise and coffee.

他的恒定日常包括早晨锻炼和咖啡。

C1 verb /piːv/

peeve

烦扰

Meaning

To annoy or irritate someone.

Example

His constant interruptions really peeve me.

他的不断打断真的让我很烦。

C1 verb /kəmˈpjuːt/

compute

计算

Meaning

To calculate or determine by using a computer or mathematical methods.

Example

The software can compute the total cost in seconds.

该软件可以在几秒钟内计算出总成本。

C1 noun ˌdep.əˈzɪʃ.ən

deposition

沉积，沉积物的沉降过程

Meaning

The action of depositing something; the laying down of matter by a natural process.

Example

River deposition leads to the formation of new landmasses.

河流沉积导致新陆地的形成。

C1 adjective /kəmˈpleɪsənt/

complacent

自满

Meaning

showing self-satisfaction and a lack of concern about potential dangers or problems

Example

The team grew complacent after a few victories and stopped practicing hard.

团队在几场胜利后变得自满，停止了努力训练。

C1 adjective /dɪˈklærətɪv/

declarative

陈述的

Meaning

relating to a statement that declares something; in grammar, a sentence that makes a statement

Example

A declarative sentence simply states a fact or opinion.

陈述句只是陈述一个事实或意见。

C1 noun /ˈstɪɡmə/

stigma

污名

Meaning

a mark of shame or disgrace associated with a particular circumstance or quality

Example

There is still a stigma around mental health issues in many societies.

许多社会中，心理健康问题仍然存在污名化现象。

C1 noun /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/

antecedent

先例

Meaning

something that came before; a previous event, condition, or cause

Example

The cultural antecedents of this festival go back centuries.

这个节日的文化先例可以追溯到几个世纪前。

C1 adjective səˈsaɪ.ə.təl

societal

社会的

Meaning

Relating to society or social relationships.

Example

Societal benefits of space tourism are under debate.

太空旅游的社会效益正在辩论中。

C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.ləs/

pitiless

无情

Meaning

showing no pity or compassion; cruel

Example

The pitiless ruler ignored the suffering of his people.

无情的统治者忽视了他人民的痛苦。

C1 noun /ˈneɪ.vəl/

Navel

肚脐

Meaning

the small hollow in the center of the stomach where the umbilical cord was attached

Example

The baby's navel cord fell off after a week.

婴儿的脐带一周后掉了。

C1 noun /ˈælkoʊv/

alcove

壁龛

Meaning

A small recessed section of a room or a nook.

Example

She placed a reading chair in the alcove near the window.

她在靠窗的壁龛里放了一把阅读椅。

C1 adjective /ˈdesələt/

Desolate

荒凉; 孤独; 不毛

Meaning

deserted; lonely; barren

Example

The abandoned village looked desolate and empty.

废弃的村庄看起来荒凉且空荡。

C1 noun /ˈoʊ.vər spɪl/

Over-spill

溢出

Meaning

the overflow of liquid from a container; excess that cannot be contained

Example

The overspill from the river flooded nearby farms.

河水溢出导致附近的农田被淹没。

C1 noun /trʌsˈtiː/

trustee

受托人

Meaning

a person who holds or manages property or assets for the benefit of others

Example

She was appointed as the trustee of the family estate.

她被任命为家庭财产的受托人。

C1 adjective /kəmˈpensətɔːri/

compensatory

赔偿性的

Meaning

serving to make up for a loss, damage, or injury

Example

The court awarded him compensatory damages.

法院判给他赔偿性赔偿金。

C1 noun /ˈfoʊliɪdʒ/

foliage

树叶

Meaning

The leaves of a plant, collectively.

Example

The autumn foliage looked stunning in the park.

秋天的树叶在公园里看起来很惊艳。

C1 noun /ˌænəsˈθetɪk/

anesthetic

麻醉剂

Meaning

A substance that causes loss of sensation or consciousness, especially used during surgery.

Example

The doctor administered a local anesthetic before stitching the wound.

医生在缝合伤口之前使用了局部麻醉剂。

C1 noun əˈtrɒs.ɪ.tiz

atrocities

暴行

Meaning

Extremely wicked or cruel acts, typically involving physical violence or injury.

Example

The atrocities shocked the international community.

这些暴行震惊了国际社会。

C1 noun /ˌæktʃuˈæləti/

actuality

现实

Meaning

The state of existing in reality rather than in appearance or imagination.

Example

The movie was based on historical actuality.

这部电影基于历史现实。

C1 verb /ˈbæfəl/

baffle

困惑

Meaning

to confuse; to be too difficult to understand

Example

The math problem baffles me completely.

数学问题完全把我搞糊涂了。

C1 verb /hɜːrl/

hurl

Meaning

To throw something with great force.

Example

The boy hurled a stone into the river.

C1 noun /taɪˈpɒɡrəfi/

typography

排版

Meaning

the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible and visually appealing

Example

Good typography improves the readability of a website.

良好的排版提高了网站的可读性。

鲭鱼

Meaning

a streamlined marine fish with a forked tail and wavy stripes

Example

Mackerel is rich in omega-3 fatty acids.

鲭鱼富含欧米伽-3脂肪酸。