value-based education
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C1 noun ˈvæljuː beɪst ˌɛdjuːˈkeɪʃən

value-based education

基于价值的教育
Meaning
Education that emphasizes moral principles and ethical values.
Example
Value-based education shapes moral character.
基于价值的教育塑造了道德品格。
C1 adjective /ˈboʊɡəs/

bogus

伪造的
Meaning
false, fake, or not genuine
Example
The police arrested him for using a bogus ID card.
警方因他使用伪造的身份证而逮捕了他。
C1 adjective ˈfæʃ.ɪst

fascist

法西斯
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of fascism; extremely authoritarian.
Example
Fascist governance undermines freedom.
法西斯统治破坏自由。
C1 adjective /fəˈnætɪkəl/

fanatical

狂热的
Meaning
showing extreme enthusiasm or obsession
Example
She has a fanatical interest in collecting vintage stamps.
她对收藏老式邮票有着狂热的兴趣。
C1 adverb /əˈkjuːtli/

acutely

敏锐地
Meaning
in a sharp, intense, or severe way; with keen awareness
Example
She was acutely aware of the risks involved.
她敏锐地意识到其中的风险。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsiːmli/

unseemly

不得体
Meaning
Not proper or appropriate in behavior or appearance; unbecoming.
Example
His unseemly remarks embarrassed everyone at the dinner table.
他不得体的言论让晚餐桌上的每个人都感到尴尬。
C1 adjective /ˈpaɪ.əs/

Pious

虔诚的
Meaning
devoutly religious; showing reverence for God
Example
The pious monk spent hours in prayer every day.
这位虔诚的僧侣每天花费数小时祈祷。
C1 noun ˌdjʊə.rəˈbɪl.ə.ti

durability

耐用性
Meaning
The ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing.
Example
The durability of materials affects performance.
材料的耐用性会影响性能。
C1 verb /həˈluːsɪneɪt/

hallucinate

幻觉
Meaning
to see, hear, or sense things that are not actually present, often due to illness or drugs
Example
After taking the medicine, he began to hallucinate strange shapes.
服用药物后，他开始看到奇怪的形状。
C1 noun /ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk ˈmaɪl.stəʊn/

diplomatic milestone

外交里程碑
Meaning
A significant achievement or important event in diplomatic relations.
Example
Hosting the summit was a diplomatic milestone.
举办峰会是一个外交里程碑。
C1 noun rɪˈdɛmpʃən

redemption

救赎
Meaning
The action of saving or being saved from sin, error, or evil.
Example
The story highlights the theme of redemption.
这个故事突出了救赎的主题。
C1 adverb /maɪˈnjuːtli/

Minutely

仔细地
Meaning
in very small detail; extremely carefully
Example
The detective examined the evidence minutely.
侦探仔细地检查了证据。
C1 noun /trentʃ/

Trench

壕沟
Meaning
a long, narrow ditch; a deep furrow in the ground, especially one used for military defense
Example
The soldiers dug a trench for protection during the battle.
士兵们在战斗期间挖掘了壕沟以保护自己。
C1 noun /ˌdiː.mɑːˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Demarcation

划界
Meaning
the action of fixing the boundary or limits of something; separation or division
Example
The demarcation between public and private land was clearly marked.
公共和私人土地之间的划界已被明确标记。
C1 adjective /ˈnɑːkʃəs/

noxious

有害的
Meaning
harmful, poisonous, or very unpleasant
Example
The factory released noxious fumes into the air.
工厂释放了有害气体进入空气。
C1 noun /ɡeɪdʒ/

Gauge

量规
Meaning
an instrument for measuring the magnitude, amount, or contents of something
Example
The pressure gauge showed the tank was full.
压力表显示坦克已满。
C1 noun ˈpær.ə.daɪm

paradigm

范式
Meaning
A typical example or pattern of something; a model or framework for understanding or approaching something.
Example
The paradigm of education is changing with digital technology.
教育的范式正在随着数字技术而改变。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnprɪˈtɛnʃəs/

unpretentious

谦虚的
Meaning
modest; not attempting to impress others with appearance or importance
Example
She lives in an unpretentious home but is very happy.
她住在一个谦虚的家里，但非常快乐。
C1 adjective /ˈhɑːrdi/

hardy

坚韧，强健
Meaning
Strong, robust, and capable of enduring difficult conditions.
Example
Hardy plants can survive the harsh winter.
坚韧的植物能在严寒的冬季生存。
C1 noun /ˈθʌroʊˌfɛr/

thoroughfare

主要街道
Meaning
a main road or public highway that goes through a place
Example
The new mall is located along the main thoroughfare.
新购物中心位于主要街道旁。
C1 noun /ɒnˈsɒmbəl/

ensemble

合奏, 团体
Meaning
a group of things or people viewed as a whole, especially performers in music or theater
Example
The theater ensemble gave a spectacular performance.
剧院合奏团进行了精彩的演出。
C1 adjective /əˈrɛstɪŋ/

arresting

引人注目的
Meaning
Attracting attention in a striking or impressive way.
Example
The actress gave an arresting performance.
这位女演员给出了引人注目的表演。
C1 adjective /ˈsiːzənəbəl/

Seasonable

季节性的
Meaning
occurring at the right time; appropriate for the season; timely
Example
The seasonable rain helped the farmers with their crops.
季节性的雨水帮助农民收获他们的作物。
C1 adjective /ˈruːfəl/

rueful

遗憾的
Meaning
Expressing sorrow, regret, or pity.
Example
He gave a rueful smile after losing the match.
他在输掉比赛后露出了遗憾的笑容。
C1 noun /æɡˈnɒs.tɪk/

agnostic

不可知论者
Meaning
a person who believes that nothing is known or can be known about the existence of God; uncertain in belief
Example
He described himself as an agnostic rather than an atheist.
他描述自己是一个不可知论者，而不是一个无神论者。
C1 adjective ˈsek.tər spəˈsɪf.ɪk

sector-specific

行业特定
Meaning
Relating to or designed for a particular sector or industry.
Example
Sector-specific policies attract targeted investments.
行业特定的政策吸引了定向投资。
C1 verb /ˈɡælvənaɪz/

galvanize

Meaning
to shock or excite someone into taking action; to coat iron or steel with a protective layer of zinc
Example
The speech galvanized the crowd into action.
C1 noun /ˌdɪs.ɪˈluː.ʒən.mənt/

disillusionment

幻灭
Meaning
A feeling of disappointment resulting from the discovery that something is not as good as one believed it to be.
Example
Many people experience disillusionment after unrealistic expectations.
许多人在不切实际的期望后会经历幻灭。
C1 verb /prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt/

predominate

占主导地位
Meaning
To be the strongest, most common, or most influential element.
Example
Traditional values still predominate in the community.
传统价值观在社区中仍然占主导地位。
C1 adjective /ˌəʊvərˈstɪmjʊˌleɪtɪd/

overstimulated

过度刺激的
Meaning
Excessively excited or aroused, overwhelmed by too much stimulus.
Example
Overstimulated minds can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.
过度刺激的头脑可能导致倦怠和生产力下降。
C1 noun /kwɔːrˈtɛt/

quartet

四重奏
Meaning
A group of four people playing music or singing together.
Example
The string quartet performed beautifully at the concert.
弦乐四重奏在音乐会上表现得非常出色。
C1 adverb /əˈfrɛʃ/

afresh

重新
Meaning
From the beginning, in a new way.
Example
After the failure, they started the project afresh.
在失败后，他们重新开始了这个项目。
C1 noun /ˈfoʊ.kəs ˈtræk.ɪŋ/

focus tracking

聚焦追踪
Meaning
A technique of monitoring and maintaining attention on specific tasks or goals.
Example
Proper focus tracking improves productivity.
适当的聚焦追踪可以提高生产力。
C1 noun /əˈsɛndənsi/

ascendancy

优势, 统治
Meaning
A position of power, influence, or control over others.
Example
The company gained ascendancy in the market through innovation.
该公司通过创新在市场中获得了优势。
C1 verb /ˈɒs.ɪ.leɪt/

oscillate

在两个点或状态之间来回摆动或移动
Meaning
To swing or move back and forth between two points or states
Example
The stock market tends to oscillate during uncertain times.
股市在不确定的时期往往会波动。
C1 adjective ʌnˈskruːpjʊləs

unscrupulous

不道德的
Meaning
Having or showing no moral principles; not honest or fair.
Example
Unscrupulous peers can lead adolescents to delinquency.
不道德的同龄人可能会导致青少年犯罪。
C1 noun /ˈhɔːrtɪˌkʌltʃər/

horticulture

Meaning
The art or practice of garden cultivation and management.
Example
Horticulture plays a vital role in producing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.
C1 adjective /ˈpræk.tɪ.kə.bəl/

practicable

可行
Meaning
able to be done or put into practice successfully
Example
The plan is not practicable without more resources.
没有更多的资源，这个计划是不可行的。
C1 adjective /ˌeɪθiˈɪstɪk/

atheistic

无神论的
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of atheists or atheism.
Example
She grew up in an atheistic household with no religious rituals.
她在一个无神论家庭长大，那里没有宗教仪式。
C1 adjective /kənˈtɪɡ.ju.əs/

contiguous

相邻
Meaning
sharing a common border; touching
Example
The two continguous houses shared a wall.
这两座相邻的房子共享了一面墙。
C1 verb /ˈkæptɪveɪt/

captivate

迷住，吸引
Meaning
to attract and hold the interest of; to charm or fascinate
Example
Her beautiful voice captivated the audience.
她美丽的声音迷住了观众。
C1 noun /ˈtraɪ.fəl/

Trifle

琐事或无关紧要的事情
Meaning
something of little importance or value; a small amount
Example
Don't worry about such a trifle; it's not worth your time.
别为这种小事担心；它不值得你浪费时间。
C1 adjective /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

ideological

意识形态的
Meaning
Relating to or based on a system of ideas or beliefs.
Example
The two parties are divided by deep ideological differences.
这两个党派由于深刻的意识形态分歧而分裂。
C1 adjective /dɪsˈkwaɪətɪŋ/

disquieting

令人不安
Meaning
Causing worry, unease, or anxiety.
Example
The news report was deeply disquieting to the public.
新闻报道对公众来说是深感不安的。
C1 adjective /ˈfɜːrtɪv/

furtive

秘密的
Meaning
Attempting to avoid notice or attention, typically because of guilt or a belief that discovery would lead to trouble.
Example
He cast a furtive glance at the door before leaving.
他在离开前悄悄地看了一眼门。
C1 adjective /tɛkˈtɑː.nɪk/

tectonic

构造的
Meaning
Relating to the structure of the earth's crust and the large-scale processes that take place within it.
Example
Tectonic movements cause earthquakes and mountain formation.
构造运动引起地震和山脉形成。
C1 noun /ˈstoʊəˌweɪ/

stowaway

偷渡者
Meaning
A person who hides on a ship, plane, or other vehicle in order to travel secretly without paying.
Example
The crew discovered a stowaway hiding in the cargo hold.
船员发现一个藏在货舱里的偷渡者。
C1 noun /rɪˈpɔːrtɪʒ/

reportage

报道
Meaning
the act of reporting news or describing events in the media
Example
The magazine is known for its detailed reportage of political issues.
这本杂志以其对政治问题的详细报道而闻名。
C1 verb /ˈæk.lɪ.meɪt/

acclimate

适应
Meaning
To adapt or become accustomed to a new environment or situation
Example
It takes time to acclimate to a new climate.
适应新气候需要时间。
C1 noun /ˈrɛnɪˌɡeɪd/

renegade

叛徒
Meaning
a person who deserts or betrays an organization, country, or principles
Example
He was labeled a renegade after leaving the party and criticizing its policies.
他在离开党派并批评其政策后被贴上了叛徒的标签。
C1 noun /ˌdʒʌkstəpəˈzɪʃən/

juxtaposition

并置
Meaning
The fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.
Example
The juxtaposition of light and dark colors created a dramatic effect.
明亮与暗色的并置创造了戏剧性的效果。
C1 adjective ˌsɪmbɪˈɒtɪk

symbiotic

共生的
Meaning
Involving interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association.
Example
The relationship between the bee and the flower is symbiotic.
蜜蜂和花朵之间的关系是共生的。
C1 verb /ˈtrɪkl̩/

trickle

涓滴
Meaning
To flow or fall in a small, slow stream or drops.
Example
Water began to trickle down the wall after the heavy rain.
在强烈的雨后，水开始慢慢地沿墙流下。
C1 adjective /rɪˈpʌɡ.nənt/

Repugnant

令人反感的; 令人厌恶的; 令人不快的
Meaning
extremely distasteful; unacceptable; causing disgust or strong dislike
Example
The idea of lying to his parents was repugnant to him.
对父母撒谎的想法让他感到反感。
C1 adjective /ˈdɒɡɪd/

dogged

顽强
Meaning
showing stubborn determination and persistence
Example
She succeeded through dogged determination.
她通过顽强的决心取得了成功。
C1 noun /ɡæf/

gaffe

失误
Meaning
An unintentional act or remark causing embarrassment; a blunder.
Example
The politician's gaffe quickly spread on social media.
政治家的失误迅速在社交媒体上传播。
C1 noun /brɛdθ/

breadth

宽度
Meaning
The distance or measurement from side to side; width; a wide range.
Example
The breadth of his knowledge impressed everyone.
他的知识宽度给大家留下了深刻印象。
C1 verb /kənˈsaɪn/

consign

托付
Meaning
to deliver something to a person or place, often for selling or safekeeping
Example
He consigned the package to the shipping company.
他将包裹交给了运输公司。
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːrmətɪv/

normative

规范的
Meaning
relating to rules, standards, or norms that govern behavior or beliefs
Example
The study focused on the normative aspects of cultural behavior.
这项研究集中于文化行为的规范性方面。
C1 verb /ɪmˈbrɔɪdər/

embroider

刺绣
Meaning
to decorate fabric with patterns using a needle and thread
Example
She embroidered flowers on the pillowcase.
她在枕套上刺绣了花朵。
C1 verb /skɒf/

scoff

嘲笑
Meaning
to speak about something in a mocking or dismissive way
Example
He scoffed at the idea of moving abroad.
他嘲笑搬到国外的想法。
C1 noun, verb /səˈpiːnə/

subpoena

传票
Meaning
a legal document ordering someone to attend court; to summon someone with such a document
Example
The witness received a subpoena to appear in court next week.
证人收到了传票，要求下周出庭。
C1 adjective /bræʃ/

brash

无礼
Meaning
self-assertive in a rude, noisy, or overconfident way
Example
His brash comments offended many people at the meeting.
他那无礼的评论在会议上冒犯了许多人。
C1 verb /ˈpoʊ.lə.raɪz/

polarize

极化
Meaning
to divide or cause to divide into two sharply contrasting groups or sets of opinions or beliefs
Example
The controversial decision polarized public opinion.
有争议的决定使公众意见分成了两个对立的阵营。
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

Illogical

不合逻辑的
Meaning
not reasonable or sensible; lacking logic
Example
It would be illogical to go swimming in such cold weather.
在这么冷的天气下游泳是不合逻辑的。
C1 adjective /ˈfrɔːdjʊlənt/

fraudulent

欺诈的
Meaning
Involving or using deceit, especially criminal deception.
Example
He was arrested for making fraudulent insurance claims.
他因提交欺诈性保险索赔而被捕。
C1 adjective ʌnˈmætʃt

unmatched

无与伦比
Meaning
Not equaled or rivaled by any other; without equal.
Example
The freedom fighters showed unmatched bravery.
自由战士们展示了无与伦比的勇气。
C1 adjective /ˈsaʊnd.pruːf/

Sound-proof

隔音的; 防止声音进出
Meaning
impervious to sound; preventing sound from entering or leaving
Example
The recording studio has sound-proof walls.
录音室有隔音墙。
C1 noun, verb /klɒt/

clot

血块
Meaning
a thick mass of coagulated liquid, especially blood; to form such a mass.
Example
The doctor removed a blood clot from the patient.
医生从病人身上取出了血块。
C1 noun /ˈpoʊtənsi/

potency

效能
Meaning
The power or ability of something to affect or influence; strength or effectiveness.
Example
The potency of the new medicine amazed the doctors.
新药的效能令医生们惊讶。
C1 adverb /ˈɪnwərdli/

inwardly

内心
Meaning
In the mind or spirit; not outwardly visible.
Example
She smiled outwardly but inwardly she was worried.
她外表微笑，但内心却感到担忧。
C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌɡɑːrmənt/

undergarment

内衣
Meaning
a piece of clothing worn under outer clothes, usually next to the skin
Example
He bought new undergarments for the wedding.
他为婚礼买了新的内衣。
C1 noun /əˈrɪs.tə.kræt/

Aristocrat

贵族; 贵族阶层的人
Meaning
a member of the aristocracy; a person of noble rank or birth
Example
The aristocrat lived in a magnificent castle.
那个贵族住在一座宏伟的城堡里。
C1 adjective /rɪˈpʌl.sɪv/

Repulsive

令人反感的; 令人厌恶的; 引起强烈反感的
Meaning
extremely unpleasant; causing strong dislike or disgust
Example
The smell of rotten eggs was absolutely repulsive.
腐烂鸡蛋的气味完全令人反感。
C1 noun /ˈnep.ə.tɪz.əm/

Nepotism

裙带关系
Meaning
the practice of favoring relatives or friends in business or politics
Example
The company was accused of nepotism in its hiring practices.
该公司在招聘过程中被指控存在内坡蒂主义。
C1 noun ˈflɔː.rə ænd ˈfɔː.nə

flora and fauna

植物和动物
Meaning
The plants and animals of a particular region, habitat, or geological period.
Example
The Galápagos Islands have unique flora and fauna.
加拉帕戈斯群岛拥有独特的植物和动物。
C1 noun /ˈkɪləˌwɒt/

kilowatt

千瓦
Meaning
a unit of power equal to 1,000 watts
Example
The generator produces ten kilowatts of electricity.
发电机产生十千瓦的电力。
C1 adjective /ˈhæb.ɪ.tə.bəl/

Habitable

宜居
Meaning
suitable or good enough to live in
Example
The planet Mars may become habitable in the future.
火星在未来可能变得宜居。
C1 adjective /ɪˌlɪzəˈbiːθən/

elizabethan

伊丽莎白时代
Meaning
Relating to the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England (1558–1603), especially the style of that period.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many of his plays during the Elizabethan era.
莎士比亚在伊丽莎白时代写了许多剧作。
C1 phrasal verb /ɡlɒs ˈoʊ.vər/

gloss over

忽略 / 轻描淡写
Meaning
to avoid discussing something unpleasant or make it seem less important
Example
The report glossed over the company's financial problems.
报告忽略了公司财务问题。
C1 verb /ɪnˈskraɪb/

inscribe

铭刻
Meaning
to write or carve words or symbols on a surface
Example
They inscribed her name on the trophy.
他们把她的名字刻在奖杯上。
C1 adjective /ˌkɒnsɪˈkwɛnʃəl/

consequential

重要的
Meaning
Having important or significant consequences; resulting from something.
Example
The meeting was consequential for the future of the project.
这次会议对项目的未来至关重要。
C1 noun /ˈsɔːl.tɪd fɪʃ/

Salted fish

咸鱼
Meaning
fish preserved with salt; dried and salted fish for storage
Example
Salted fish is a traditional way to preserve seafood.
咸鱼是保存海鲜的传统方法。
C1 noun əˈtrɪʃ.ən

attrition

消耗
Meaning
The process of reducing something's strength or effectiveness through sustained attack or pressure.
Example
The company faced high employee attrition due to job dissatisfaction.
由于工作不满意，公司面临高员工流失率。
C1 noun /ˈdɪsənˌtɛri/

dysentery

肠道疾病（伴有血液和粘液的腹泻）
Meaning
An infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhea with blood and mucus.
Example
Many soldiers suffered from dysentery during the war.
许多士兵在战争期间患上了痢疾。
C1 noun /ˈtæn.dəm/

Tandem

双人自行车
Meaning
a bicycle built for two riders, one behind the other
Example
The couple enjoyed riding their tandem bicycle through the park.
这对情侣在公园骑着他们的双人自行车享受着骑行。
C1 noun /ˌtɛstɪˈməʊnɪəlz/

testimonials

见证, 推荐信
Meaning
Written or spoken statements of praise or recommendation from clients or customers.
Example
Positive testimonials can enhance a company's reputation.
积极的见证可以提升公司的声誉。
C1 verb /ˈʃrɪvəl/

shrivel

枯萎
Meaning
To become dry, wrinkled, and smaller due to lack of moisture.
Example
The flowers shriveled under the hot sun.
花朵在烈日下枯萎。
C1 noun/verb /dɪsˈkwaɪət/

disquiet

Meaning
A feeling of worry or unease; to make someone feel anxious or uneasy.
Example
The strange silence filled the room with disquiet.
C1 noun /ˈbɑːr.tər ˌsɪs.təm/

barter system

物物交换
Meaning
A system of exchange where goods and services are traded directly without using money.
Example
Ancient civilizations used the barter system for trade.
古代文明使用物物交换系统进行贸易。
C1 noun /ˈhɒrəˌskoʊp/

horoscope

星座运势
Meaning
A forecast of a person's future based on the positions of the stars and planets at their birth.
Example
She read her horoscope every morning to see what the stars predicted.
她每天早上读星座运势，看星星预测了什么。
C1 noun /ɡəˈrɪlə/

guerrilla

Meaning
a member of a small independent group taking part in irregular fighting, typically against larger forces
Example
The guerrilla fighters used ambushes to attack enemy positions.
C1 noun /ˌriː.dɪs.trɪˈbjuː.ʃən/

redistribution

重分配
Meaning
The sharing of wealth or resources more equally among society.
Example
The government introduced a redistribution policy to reduce inequality.
政府出台了重分配政策，以减少不平等。
C1 noun /ˌspɒn.təˈneɪ.ɪ.ti/

spontaneity

自发性
Meaning
The quality of being spontaneous; natural and unplanned behavior.
Example
His spontaneity makes him a great conversationalist.
他的自发性使他成为一个很棒的对话者。
C1 adjective /ˈbrɪtl/

brittle

脆弱
Meaning
easily broken or cracked; hard but liable to break
Example
The glass was so brittle that it cracked easily.
玻璃太脆弱，容易破裂。
C1 verb /ɪnˈfleɪm/

inflame

激起
Meaning
to arouse strong feelings or provoke anger; to cause inflammation in the body
Example
The politician's remarks served to inflame public opinion.
政治家的言论激起了公众舆论的愤怒。
C1 adjective /dɪˈsperɪŋ/

Despairing

绝望的
Meaning
feeling hopeless; in despair
Example
She felt despairing after losing her job.
她在失去工作后感到绝望。
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/

philanthropic

慈善的
Meaning
showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable
Example
She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.
她因在城市中的慈善活动而闻名。
C1 noun /ˈhæm.lət/

Hamlet

小村庄
Meaning
a small rural settlement, smaller than a village; a small community
Example
The tiny hamlet nestled in the valley had only a dozen houses and one small church.
位于山谷中的小村庄只有十几座房子和一座小教堂。
C1 noun ˌfiː.zəˈbɪl.ə.ti

feasibility

可行性
Meaning
The state or degree of being easily or conveniently done; possibility.
Example
The company conducted a feasibility study before launching the project.
公司在启动项目之前进行了可行性研究。
C1 noun /ˈdɪɡnɪˌtɛri/

dignitary

重要人物
Meaning
a person considered to be important because of high rank or office
Example
Several foreign dignitaries attended the state banquet.
几位外国重要人物出席了国宴。
C1 verb /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪteɪt/

premeditate

预谋
Meaning
to think about and plan something (especially a crime) beforehand
Example
The suspect was accused of premeditating the crime.
嫌疑人被指控事先计划犯罪。
C1 noun /ˈpiːɒn/

peon

皮恩
Meaning
a low-ranking worker, often performing menial tasks
Example
The office peon delivered the files to each department.
办公室的皮恩将文件送到每个部门。
C1 noun /ˈrɛzɪn/

resin

树脂
Meaning
a sticky organic substance, usually secreted by plants, often used in varnishes or plastics
Example
The craftsman used natural resin to make the sculpture shine.
工匠用天然树脂使雕塑闪闪发光。
C1 noun /ˈnɑː.sɪ.sɪ.zəm/

narcissism

自恋
Meaning
Excessive interest in or admiration of oneself; extreme selfishness.
Example
His excessive narcissism made it difficult for him to empathize with others.
他的过度自恋让他很难同情他人。
C1 noun, verb /ˈmæn.deɪt/

mandate

命令
Meaning
an official order or command; to give someone authority to act in a certain way
Example
The government issued a mandate to reduce carbon emissions.
政府发布了减少碳排放的命令。
C1 verb /koʊks/

coax

劝说
Meaning
to persuade someone gently or gradually to do something
Example
She managed to coax the cat out of the tree with some food.
她设法用一些食物把猫从树上劝下来。
C1 adjective /kəˈθɑːr.tɪk/

cathartic

宣泄的
Meaning
Providing psychological relief through the open expression of strong emotions.
Example
Writing about emotions can be a cathartic experience.
写下情感可能是一次宣泄的体验。
C1 adjective /ɪˈvæljʊətɪv/

evaluative

评估的
Meaning
Relating to or involving evaluation or assessment.
Example
The evaluative phase of the project involves assessing its success.
项目的评估阶段包括评估其成功。
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪd/

exhilarated

兴奋的
Meaning
feeling very happy, animated, or elated
Example
She felt exhilarated after finishing the marathon.
她在完成马拉松后感到非常兴奋。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsʌf.ər.ə.bəl/

insufferable

无法忍受
Meaning
Too extreme to bear; intolerable.
Example
The heat during the summer was insufferable.
夏天的炎热是无法忍受的。
C1 adjective /ˈlɑːpˌsaɪdɪd/

lopsided

倾斜的，不平衡的
Meaning
with one side lower, larger, or different from the other; uneven or imbalanced
Example
The cake looked lopsided after being decorated in a hurry.
蛋糕看起来不平衡，因为急忙装饰。
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌstɛp/

sidestep

回避
Meaning
To avoid something by stepping aside; to evade a problem or question indirectly.
Example
The politician tried to sidestep the difficult question.
那位政治家试图回避那个棘手的问题。
C1 noun /ˈmelənkəli/

Melancholy

忧郁; 深思熟虑的悲伤
Meaning
A feeling of pensive sadness; thoughtful or gentle sadness
Example
A deep melancholy settled over him after reading the old letters.
读完旧信后，他感到一阵深深的忧郁。
C1 noun /ˈæbdəmən/

abdomen

腹部
Meaning
The part of the body below the chest and above the hips that contains the stomach and other organs.
Example
He complained of pain in his abdomen.
他抱怨腹部疼痛。
C1 adjective /ɪˈklɛktɪk/

eclectic

折衷的
Meaning
Selecting or deriving ideas, styles, or tastes from a broad and diverse range of sources.
Example
Her taste in music is eclectic, ranging from classical to hip-hop.
她的音乐口味是折衷的，从古典到嘻哈。
C1 verb /dɪˈtrækt/

detract

Meaning
To reduce or take away the worth or value of something.
Example
His rude behavior will detract from his good reputation.
C1 noun ɪmˈpɛə(r)mənt

impairment

损伤, 残疾
Meaning
The state of being damaged or weakened; a disability or handicap.
Example
Hearing impairment can be caused by long-term exposure to loud noise.
听力损失可能是由长时间暴露于大声噪音造成的。
C1 verb /ˈdɛprɪˌkeɪt/

deprecate

贬低
Meaning
to express disapproval of something
Example
The teacher deprecated the use of slang in academic essays.
老师批评在学术论文中使用俚语。
C1 noun /ˈmuːdi.nəs/

moodiness

情绪不稳定
Meaning
The state of being frequently subject to changes in mood, especially irritability or sadness.
Example
Her moodiness made it difficult to predict how she would react.
她的情绪不稳定使得很难预测她会如何反应。
C1 noun /ˈɪn.trə.vɜːrt/

introvert

内向
Meaning
A person who tends to be shy and prefers spending time alone rather than in groups.
Example
As an introvert, he preferred reading over attending parties.
作为一个内向的人，他更喜欢读书而不是参加派对。