valorous
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C2 adjective /ˈvælərəs/

valorous

勇敢的
Meaning
showing great courage and bravery
Example
The valorous soldier led his troop into battle without hesitation.
勇敢的士兵毫不犹豫地带领他的部队进入战斗。
C2 noun /ˈkærɪt/

caret

插入符号 (^)
Meaning
A proofreading symbol (^) used to indicate where something should be inserted.
Example
The editor placed a caret to show where the missing word should go.
编辑器放置了一个插入符号来显示缺失的单词应该插入的位置。
C2 noun /ˈmiːliərɪzəm/

meliorism

改善主义
Meaning
The belief that the world tends to improve and that humans can aid its betterment.
Example
Her philosophy of meliorism kept her hopeful during difficult times.
她的改善主义哲学让她在艰难时刻保持希望。
C1 verb /ˈseɪ.vər/

savor

尽情享受
Meaning
To enjoy something completely, especially by dwelling on it.
Example
He savored every bite of the delicious cake.
他细细品味着美味的蛋糕。
C1 noun /kəˈres/

Caress

抚摸
Meaning
a gentle or loving touch
Example
The mother's gentle caress calmed the crying baby.
母亲温柔的抚摸使哭泣的婴儿平静下来。
C2 adjective /pɔːrˈtɛntəs/

portentous

不祥的，严肃的
Meaning
Giving a sign or warning that something, often bad or serious, is going to happen; or overly solemn and pompous.
Example
His portentous tone made everyone nervous about the news.
他那不祥的语气让大家因新闻感到紧张。
A2 adjective /riːl/

Real

真实的; 真实的; 不是假的
Meaning
actually existing; genuine; not imaginary or fake
Example
This is a real diamond, not a fake one.
这是一个真实的钻石，不是假的。
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpɒlɪtli/

impolitely

不礼貌地
Meaning
in a rude or discourteous manner; without showing respect or proper manners
Example
He spoke impolitely to the waiter despite the polite service.
尽管服务很好，他还是不礼貌地对服务员说话。
A2 noun pəˈzɪʃ.ən

position

位置
Meaning
A particular way in which someone or something is placed or arranged.
Example
The team's position reflects consistent performance.
团队的位置反映了持续的表现。
C2 adjective /ˈboʊvaɪn/

bovine

与牛相关的
Meaning
relating to cattle; showing a dull or sluggish nature
Example
Her bovine expression revealed no emotions.
她的牛性表情没有表达任何情感。
C1 adjective /ˈbreɪzən/

brazen

Meaning
Bold and without shame; shameless.
Example
She made a brazen attempt to lie in front of everyone.
A2 adjective /smuːð/

Smooth

平滑的; 无困难的; 流畅的
Meaning
having an even surface; without difficulties; flowing easily
Example
The road was smooth and comfortable to drive on.
这条路很平滑，开车很舒服。
B2 noun /ˈdʒɜːr.nəl/

Journal

期刊
Meaning
a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject; a daily record of events
Example
She kept a personal journal to record her thoughts and experiences.
她保持着个人日记，以记录她的想法和经历。
C1 verb /smɜrk/

smirk

得意的微笑
Meaning
to smile in a self-satisfied, smug, or silly way
Example
He smirked when he won the argument.
他在赢得争论时得意地笑了。
B1 noun /paɪl/

pile

堆
Meaning
a large amount of something stacked or placed in a heap
Example
He placed the books in a pile on the table.
他把书堆放在桌子上。
C1 noun /θiˈɒlədʒi/

theology

神学
Meaning
The study of the nature of God and religious beliefs.
Example
She is pursuing a degree in theology at the university.
她正在大学攻读神学学位。
A1 adjective, adverb /əˈloʊn/

alone

孤单
Meaning
having no one else present; on one's own
Example
She prefers to live alone in her apartment.
她更喜欢独自一人在她的公寓里生活。
B2 adverb /ˈɜːrdʒəntli/

urgently

紧急地
Meaning
in a way that requires immediate attention or action
Example
The patient urgently needs medical attention.
病人紧急地需要医疗救助。
B2 verb /wiːv/

weave

编织
Meaning
to make cloth by interlacing threads; to move in and out
Example
She learned to weave beautiful carpets.
她学会了编织美丽的地毯。
B2 noun /ˌkɑn.trəˈdɪk.ʃən/

Contradiction

矛盾; 不一致
Meaning
a combination of statements, ideas, or features which are opposed to one another; inconsistency
Example
There was a clear contradiction between his words and his actions.
他的言辞与行动之间存在明显的矛盾。
C1 verb /priːn/

preen

修整
Meaning
To groom or dress oneself with care; to show pride in one's appearance.
Example
She preened in front of the mirror before leaving for the party.
她在镜子前修整自己，然后去派对。
B2 adjective /ˈhevənli/

Heavenly

天上的; 神圣的; 美味的
Meaning
relating to heaven; extremely pleasant or beautiful
Example
The chocolate cake had a heavenly taste that melted in my mouth.
巧克力蛋糕有一种天上的味道，在我口中融化了。
A2 conjunction /ˈniːðər/

neither

既不
Meaning
used to connect two negative alternatives
Example
Neither the manager nor the assistant could attend the meeting.
经理和助理都无法参加会议。
B2 verb /saɪ/

sigh

叹气
Meaning
to let out a long, deep breath as an expression of tiredness, relief, or sadness
Example
She sighed with relief when she heard the good news.
她听到好消息时松了口气。
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈprəʊtʃəbl̩/

irreproachable

无可指责
Meaning
Beyond criticism; faultless.
Example
The judge was known for his irreproachable integrity.
法官因其无可指责的正直而闻名。
C1 adjective /ˈhæk.nid/

hackneyed

陈词滥调
Meaning
Used too often and therefore lacking originality or freshness.
Example
The speech was filled with hackneyed phrases that failed to inspire the audience.
演讲中充满了陈词滥调，未能激励听众。
A2 adjective /kənˈsɜːnd/

concerned

担忧的
Meaning
worried or anxious about something; involved or interested in something
Example
She was concerned about her mother's health.
她对母亲的健康感到担忧。
C1 noun ˈælərdʒən

allergen

引发过敏反应的物质
Meaning
A substance that causes an allergic reaction.
Example
Pollen is a common allergen that affects many people.
花粉是常见的过敏原，影响许多人。
C1 noun /suˈpriː.mə.si/

Supremacy

至高无上；最高权力或权威
Meaning
the state of being supreme; highest authority or power
Example
The country established naval supremacy in the region.
该国在该地区建立了海军至高无上的地位。
C1 adjective /ˈnɒm.ɪ.nəl/

Nominal

名义上的; 非常小
Meaning
very small in size or amount; existing in name only
Example
He paid only a nominal fee for the membership since he was a student.
他只支付了名义上的会员费，因为他是学生。
C2 noun /ˌlɪk.wəˈfeɪ.ʃənt/

liquefacient

液化剂
Meaning
a substance that causes something to become liquid
Example
The chemist explained how the liquefacient worked in the experiment.
化学家解释了液化剂在实验中的作用。
C2 noun /dɪˈmeɪn/

demesne

附属于庄园的土地
Meaning
Land attached to a manor and retained for the owner's use.
Example
The castle was surrounded by its vast demesne.
城堡被其广阔的附属于庄园的土地所包围。
A2 noun; gerund /ˈbɒksɪŋ/

boxing

拳击
Meaning
the sport of fighting with fists using padded gloves; the act of putting something into a box
Example
He has been training hard for a professional boxing match.
他正在为一场职业拳击比赛刻苦训练。
B2 noun /trænzˈmɪʃən/

transmission

传输, 发送
Meaning
the act of sending, passing, or spreading something such as information, energy, or disease
Example
The transmission of data over the internet is very fast.
通过互联网传输数据非常快。
C2 verb /raɪv/

rive

撕裂
Meaning
to tear apart violently
Example
The earthquake rived the ground in several places.
地震在几个地方撕裂了地面。
C1 adjective /ˈæmərəs/

amorous

多情的
Meaning
Showing, feeling, or relating to romantic love or desire.
Example
He sent her an amorous letter filled with declarations of love.
他给她写了一封充满爱情宣言的情书。
B2 verb /əˈteɪn/

attain

达到
Meaning
to achieve or reach something
Example
She worked hard to attain her goals.
她努力工作以达到她的目标。
B1 adjective /kənˈtroʊld/

controlled

受控的
Meaning
managed or regulated carefully; kept within limits
Example
The experiment was conducted in a controlled environment.
实验是在一个受控的环境中进行的。
A1 adverb /ɔːf/

off

关
Meaning
away from a place, position, or time; not functioning
Example
He turned off the light before leaving the room.
他在离开房间之前关掉了灯。
B1 adjective /ɪkˈspɪəriənst/

experienced

有经验的
Meaning
having knowledge or skill in a particular field gained through experience
Example
She is an experienced teacher who knows how to handle difficult students.
她是一个经验丰富的老师，知道如何处理困难的学生。
B2 noun /briz/

Breeze

微风
Meaning
a gentle wind; something that is achieved with ease
Example
The cool ocean breeze made the hot summer day more pleasant.
清凉的海风让炎热的夏日更加宜人。
C2 noun /ɪˌledʒ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Illegibility

难以辨认
Meaning
the quality of being impossible or difficult to read; unclear writing or print
Example
The doctor's handwriting was famous for its illegibility among the pharmacy staff.
医生的字迹因其难以辨认而在药房工作人员中广为人知。
B1 noun /ˈsæl.ər.i/

Salary

薪水
Meaning
a fixed regular payment, typically paid on a monthly basis
Example
She receives a good salary for her work as a teacher.
她作为教师的工作，得到了很好的薪水。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈwaɪz/

unwise

不明智
Meaning
Showing poor judgment; not sensible or prudent.
Example
It would be unwise to invest all your money in one company.
把所有的钱都投入一家公司的做法不明智。
A2 noun /loʊˈkeɪʃən/

location

位置
Meaning
a particular place or position
Example
This cafe is in a beautiful location near the lake.
这个咖啡馆位于湖边的一个美丽的位置。
B2 noun /ˈset.əl.mənt/

Settlement

定居; 协议
Meaning
a place where people establish a community; an agreement that ends a dispute
Example
The early settlement was built near the river for easy access to water.
早期的定居点建在河边，方便取水。
C1 noun /ˈmæl.ɪt/

Mallet

橡胶锤
Meaning
a hammer with a large head, typically made of wood
Example
The carpenter used a rubber mallet to avoid damaging the wood.
木匠使用橡胶锤来避免损坏木材。
B2 noun /ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃən/

multiplication

乘法
Meaning
the mathematical process of combining numbers to get a product; the act of increasing in number or amount
Example
Multiplication is one of the basic operations taught in elementary mathematics.
乘法是小学数学中的基本运算之一。
B1 noun /kɪt/

kit

工具包
Meaning
a set of tools, equipment, or materials used for a particular purpose
Example
He bought a first aid kit for emergencies.
他买了一个急救包以备不时之需。
C1 noun ˈhaɪ.drə.dʒən ˈpaʊ.əd bʌsɪz

hydrogen-powered buses

氢能公交车
Meaning
Buses powered by hydrogen fuel cells that produce only water vapor as emission.
Example
Hydrogen-powered buses reduce air pollution.
氢能公交车减少空气污染。
C1 adjective /ləˈbɔːr.i.əs/

laborious

费力的
Meaning
requiring considerable effort and time; difficult and hard-working
Example
Writing the long report was a laborious task.
写长报告是一项费力的任务。
B1 adverb /əˈsaɪd/

Aside

一边; 旁边; 离开主要部分
Meaning
to one side; apart; away from the main part
Example
Please set your book aside and listen to me.
请把书放到一边，听我说。
C2 adjective sɑːˈtɔːrɪəl

sartorial

与衣物或风格相关
Meaning
Of or relating to clothing or style or manner of dress.
Example
His sartorial choices were always on trend and admired.
他的萨托里尔选择总是跟随潮流并受到钦佩。
C1 noun /ˈsaɪkiː/

psyche

灵魂 / 心智
Meaning
the human soul, mind, or spirit
Example
The novel explores the depths of the human psyche.
这本小说探索了人类心智的深度。
A2 noun /ɡreɪps/

Grapes

葡萄
Meaning
small round fruits that grow in clusters on vines; used to make wine
Example
She bought a bunch of grapes from the market.
她在市场买了一串葡萄。
C2 adverb /ˌðeərˈwɪð/

Therewith

与此一起;
Meaning
together with that; in addition to that
Example
He handed me the contract and the pen therewith.
他把合同和笔与此一起交给了我。
C1 adverb/noun /ˌhɪərˈæftər/

hereafter

从现在起 / 来世
Meaning
from now on; in the future; also refers to life after death.
Example
Hereafter, all reports must be submitted electronically.
从现在起，所有报告必须通过电子方式提交。
B2 noun /ˈprɛdətər/

predator

掠食者
Meaning
An animal that hunts and kills other animals for food.
Example
Lions are powerful predators in the savannah.
狮子是草原上强大的掠食者。
B1 noun /ʃɔːr/

Shore

海岸; 岸边; 沙滩
Meaning
the land along the edge of a sea, lake, or other body of water
Example
We walked along the shore collecting seashells.
我们沿着海岸走，捡贝壳。
B2 noun /ˈvɪɡ.ər/

Vigour

身体力量和健康；努力、能量和热情
Meaning
physical strength and good health; effort, energy, and enthusiasm
Example
She approached her work with renewed vigour after the vacation.
假期后，她以焕然一新的活力投入工作。
B1 adjective /ɪɡˈzækt/

Exact

精确的; 正确的; 完全正确
Meaning
precise; accurate; completely correct
Example
Please give me the exact time of the meeting.
请告诉我会议的准确时间。
C1 noun /ɔːˈrɔːrə/

aurora

极光
Meaning
A natural display of lights in the sky, usually seen in polar regions.
Example
We traveled to Norway to see the northern aurora.
我们去了挪威看北极光。
A2 verb /pruːv/

prove

证明
Meaning
to show that something is true; to demonstrate
Example
The evidence will prove his innocence.
证据将证明他的无辜。
B2 verb /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/

accumulate

积累
Meaning
to gather or collect things gradually over time
Example
She managed to accumulate a small fortune through wise investments.
她通过聪明的投资成功地积累了财富。
C2 adjective /ˈmɜːrkəntaɪl/

mercantile

商业的
Meaning
related to trade or commerce
Example
The city grew rapidly due to its mercantile activities.
由于其商业活动，这座城市迅速发展。
B2 noun /kənˈsɛʃən/

concession

让步
Meaning
something that is granted, especially in response to demands; a compromise
Example
The company made several concessions during the negotiations.
公司在谈判中做出了几次让步。
C1 adjective /ˈmeɪkˌʃɪft/

makeshift

临时
Meaning
used as a temporary substitute; improvised
Example
They used boxes as a makeshift table.
他们用箱子作为临时桌子。
A1 pronoun /ˈsʌmbədi/

somebody

有人
Meaning
an unspecified person
Example
Somebody is knocking at the door.
有人在敲门。
B1 adjective /bɔɪld/

Boiled

煮熟的
Meaning
cooked in boiling water
Example
She served boiled eggs for breakfast.
她早餐时提供了煮鸡蛋。
B2 noun /ˈkəʊ.tɪŋ/

coating

涂层
Meaning
A protective or decorative layer applied to a surface.
Example
A protective coating prevents rust formation.
保护涂层可以防止生锈。
C1 noun əbˈzɔːrp.ʃən

absorption

吸收
Meaning
The process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another.
Example
Plants help in the absorption of carbon dioxide.
植物有助于吸收二氧化碳。
B2 verb /sniːk/

sneak

Meaning
to move quietly and secretly to avoid being noticed
Example
He tried to sneak into the house without waking anyone.
A2 noun /bɔːrd/

board

Meaning
a flat, thin, rectangular piece of material such as wood; also a group of people managing an organization
Example
The board decided to increase the budget.
B1 noun /ˈreɪn.boʊ/

Rainbow

彩虹
Meaning
an arch of colors formed in the sky by sunlight shining through rain
Example
After the storm, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky.
暴风雨后，天空中出现了美丽的彩虹。
B2 noun /ˈmʌð.ər.lænd/

Motherland

祖国; 祖国
Meaning
the country where one was born or has citizenship; homeland
Example
He always spoke fondly of his motherland.
他总是充满感情地谈论他的祖国。
C2 noun /ɛθˈnɒlədʒi/

ethnology

民族学
Meaning
the study of the characteristics of different peoples and the differences and relationships between them
Example
She specialized in ethnology to better understand cultural diversity.
她专攻民族学，以更好地理解文化多样性。
B2 noun /taɪm/

thyme

百里香
Meaning
A small aromatic herb used in cooking and medicine.
Example
She sprinkled thyme on the roasted chicken.
她撒上百里香在烤鸡上。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈdʒɛnjuəs/

ingenuous

天真
Meaning
Innocent, naive, and unsuspecting; showing childlike simplicity and sincerity.
Example
Her ingenuous smile revealed her genuine kindness.
她天真的笑容揭示了她真实的善良。
C1 noun /ˈrɛtʃɪdnəs/

wretchedness

悲惨
Meaning
a state of misery, unhappiness, or poor condition
Example
The novel depicts the wretchedness of war victims.
这本小说描绘了战争受害者的悲惨。
B2 adjective /ˈmɪl.ki waɪt/

Milky white

奶白色
Meaning
a pure white color resembling milk
Example
The clouds looked milky white against the blue sky.
云看起来像牛奶一样白，映衬在蓝天背景下。
B2 noun /kwest/

Quest

寻找; 探索
Meaning
a journey or search for something; an adventure to achieve a goal
Example
The knight embarked on a quest to find the legendary treasure.
骑士开始了一次寻找，以找到传说中的宝藏。
B1 verb /ˈwɪsəl/

whistle

吹口哨
Meaning
to make a high-pitched sound by blowing air through lips or teeth
Example
He likes to whistle while working.
他喜欢在工作时吹口哨。
A1 noun /ʃuː/

Shoe

鞋子
Meaning
covering for the foot, typically made of leather or cloth
Example
She bought a new pair of running shoes for exercise.
她买了一双新的跑步鞋来锻炼。
B2 noun /ˈtɜːnˌəʊvə/

turnover

营业额
Meaning
the amount of business conducted during a particular period, or the rate at which employees leave a company
Example
The company reported a high turnover in its sales department.
公司报告了其销售部门的高营业额。
A1 noun /ˈɪntənet/

internet

全球计算机网络
Meaning
A global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities.
Example
The internet has revolutionized the way we access information.
互联网彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式。
C2 noun /ˈpaʊ.waʊ/

powwow

非正式会议
Meaning
an informal meeting or conference to discuss something
Example
The team held a quick powwow before the presentation.
团队在演示之前举行了一个快速的非正式会议。
C1 noun /ˌtes.tɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Testimonial

推荐信
Meaning
a formal statement testifying to someone's character and qualifications
Example
The professor wrote a glowing testimonial for her former student.
教授为她的前学生写了一个出色的推荐信。
A1 verb /bʌt/

but

撞头
Meaning
to hit or push with the head or horns; to strike forcefully
Example
The goat butted against the fence.
山羊撞到了篱笆。
B1 verb /ɪkˈstend/

extend

扩展
Meaning
to make longer or larger; to stretch out; to offer or give
Example
The company decided to extend the deadline for the project.
公司决定延长项目的截止日期。
C1 verb /rænt/

rant

大喊大叫
Meaning
to speak or shout in an angry, uncontrolled way
Example
He ranted about the unfair treatment at work.
他在工作中大声抱怨不公正的待遇。
C1 noun /ɪˈmɜː.ʃən/

immersion

沉浸
Meaning
Complete engagement in an environment or experience.
Example
Immersion in VR games makes users feel like they are inside the virtual world.
沉浸在虚拟现实游戏中让用户感觉自己仿佛置身于虚拟世界。
C1 noun /ˌfɜːrmənˈteɪʃən/

fermentation

发酵，酵母或细菌的化学变化
Meaning
a chemical process by which substances like sugar are converted into alcohol or acids using microorganisms
Example
The fermentation of grapes produces wine.
葡萄的发酵产生葡萄酒。
B1 adjective /fɜːrm/

Firm

坚固的; 稳定的; 强大的; 不屈服于压力的
Meaning
solid; stable; strong; not yielding to pressure
Example
She has a firm grip on the rope.
她紧握着绳子。
C1 adjective /ˈdraʊ.zi/

Drowsy

困倦的; 疲倦的; 无精打采的
Meaning
feeling sleepy and lethargic; half asleep; tired
Example
I felt drowsy after the heavy meal.
吃完重餐后我感到困倦。
B1 noun /ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃən/

demonstration

示威, 示范
Meaning
the act of showing something clearly, or a public protest
Example
The workers organized a demonstration for better wages.
工人们组织了一场争取更高工资的示威。
C1 verb /ˌʌndərˈsteɪt/

understate

低估
Meaning
To describe something as being less important or serious than it really is.
Example
He tends to understate his achievements.
他倾向于低估自己的成就。
C2 noun /ˈflɒtsəm/

flotsam

漂浮的残骸
Meaning
Floating debris from a shipwreck or things discarded and left floating.
Example
The beach was littered with flotsam after the storm.
暴风雨后，海滩上充满了漂浮的残骸。
B2 verb /dɪˈfɜːr/

defer

推迟
Meaning
To postpone or delay; to yield to someone else's judgment or opinion.
Example
The meeting was deferred until next week.
会议推迟到下周。
B2 noun /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈmuːvmənt/

environmental movement

环境运动
Meaning
A social or political movement aimed at protecting the environment and promoting sustainable practices through advocacy, education, and policy changes.
Example
The environmental movement focuses on reducing pollution and protecting ecosystems.
环境运动专注于减少污染并保护生态系统。
C2 adjective /ˌaɪ.kə.nəˈklæs.tɪk/

iconoclastic

特指攻击或拒绝已建立的信仰、传统或价值观
Meaning
Characterized by attacking or rejecting cherished beliefs, traditions, or established values.
Example
Her iconoclastic views challenged the conventional wisdom of the industry.
她的偶像破坏主义观点挑战了行业的传统智慧。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈlɛtəd/

unlettered

文盲
Meaning
lacking education or the ability to read and write; illiterate
Example
The unlettered villagers relied on oral traditions to preserve their history.
那些文盲村民依赖口头传统来保存他们的历史。
B1 verb /ˈɒpəreɪtɪŋ/

operating

操作
Meaning
to control or manage the functioning of something
Example
The company has been operating in this market for five years.
公司已经在这个市场运营了五年。
B2 noun /ˈbækˌsaɪd/

backside

背部
Meaning
the rear part or surface of something; informal term for the buttocks
Example
The kids slid down the hill on their backside.
孩子们从山坡上滑下来，屁股着地。
C1 noun əˈtrɪʃ.ən

attrition

消耗
Meaning
The process of reducing something's strength or effectiveness through sustained attack or pressure.
Example
The company faced high employee attrition due to job dissatisfaction.
由于工作不满意，公司面临高员工流失率。
B2 noun /ˈfaʊn.tən/

Fountain

喷泉
Meaning
a natural spring of water; an artificial structure from which water flows
Example
The fountain in the park attracts many visitors.
公园里的喷泉吸引了许多游客。
A2 pronoun /aʊərˈsɛlvz/

ourselves

我们自己
Meaning
used by the speaker to refer to themselves and one or more others as the object of the verb
Example
We should help ourselves before helping others.
我们应该在帮助他人之前先帮助自己。
B2 adjective ˈteɪləd

tailored

量身定制
Meaning
Made or adapted for a particular purpose or person.
Example
He wore a tailored suit that complemented his physique perfectly.
他穿了一套量身定制的西装，完美地衬托了他的身形。
B2 adjective /ˈspiː.di/

Speedy

快速的; 极速的; 敏捷的;
Meaning
moving or happening quickly; fast
Example
The speedy delivery service arrived within an hour.
快速的送货服务在一小时内到达。
B1 noun /ˈpeɪvmənt/

pavement

人行道
Meaning
a hard paved surface such as a road or sidewalk; the act or result of paving
Example
She walked along the pavement to reach the bus stop.
她沿着人行道走到公交车站。
C2 noun /ˈdʒʌŋk.tʃər/

jucture

关键时刻
Meaning
a particular point in time, especially one of great importance or crisis
Example
At this critical jucture, the company must decide whether to expand or downsize.
在这个关键时刻，公司必须决定是扩展还是裁员。
C1 noun /ˌfɪziˈɑːlədʒi/

physiology

生理学
Meaning
the scientific study of the functions and mechanisms in a living system
Example
She is majoring in human physiology at the university.
她在大学主修人体生理学。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnˈpɑr.də.nə.bəl/

Unpardonable

不可宽恕的
Meaning
too bad to be forgiven; inexcusable
Example
His betrayal of trust was an unpardonable offense.
他的背叛是不可原谅的罪行。
C1 adjective /ˈdʒeɪ.dɪd/

jaded

疲倦的，冷漠的
Meaning
Tired, bored, or lacking enthusiasm, typically after having had too much of something.
Example
After years of traveling, she felt jaded by the constant movement.
旅行多年后，她因不断的移动而感到疲倦。
C1 verb /ˈpruːfˌriːd/

proofread

校对
Meaning
to read written material and mark any errors
Example
She proofread the report before submission.
她在提交前校对了报告。
B2 noun /rɪˈmuː.vəl/

Removal

移除; 去除; 解雇;
Meaning
the action of taking something away or eliminating it; dismissal from office
Example
The removal of the old furniture took all day.
移除旧家具花了整整一天。
C1 noun /ɛkˈspeɪtriət/

expatriate

外籍人士
Meaning
a person who lives outside their native country
Example
Many expatriates gather in the city’s international community.
许多外籍人士聚集在城市的国际社区中。
C2 adjective /ˈfɛtɪd/

fetid

有恶臭的，令人不快的
Meaning
having a strong, unpleasant smell
Example
The fetid smell from the garbage was unbearable.
垃圾散发出的恶臭让人无法忍受。
C1 adjective /ˈtɛn.ju.əs/

tenuous

薄弱 / 稀薄
Meaning
Very weak, thin, or slight; lacking a strong basis.
Example
The evidence against him is quite tenuous.
对他不利的证据相当薄弱。
B1 noun /ˈɔːfɪsər/

officer

警官
Meaning
a person in a position of authority, especially in law enforcement
Example
The officer gave him a ticket for speeding.
警官因超速给了他一张罚单。
B2 noun sɛlf rɪˈlaɪ.əns

self-reliance

自给自足
Meaning
Reliance on one's own powers and resources rather than those of others; independence.
Example
Self-reliance helps build confidence.
自给自足帮助建立自信。
A2 pronoun /hɪmˈself/

himself

他自己
Meaning
Used to emphasize that a male person does something by his own effort.
Example
He fixed the car himself.
他自己修好了车。