teeter
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN 英语 BN 孟加拉语 HI 印地语 ES 西班牙语 FR 法语 DE 德语 RU 俄语 ZH 中文 JA 日语
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C1 verb /ˈtiːtər/

teeter

摇晃
Meaning
to move or balance unsteadily; to wobble
Example
The glass began to teeter on the edge of the table.
玻璃开始在桌子的边缘摇摇欲坠。
C1 noun /ˈkɔːrdən/

cordon

警戒线
Meaning
a line or circle of police, soldiers, or guards preventing access
Example
The police set up a cordon around the crime scene.
警方在犯罪现场周围设立了封锁线。
C1 adjective /prɪˈpɒstərəs/

preposterous

荒谬的, 可笑的
Meaning
completely ridiculous or absurd; contrary to reason or common sense
Example
The idea that pigs could fly is preposterous.
认为猪能飞的想法是荒谬的。
C1 verb /dɪˈluːd/

delude

欺骗
Meaning
To mislead someone into believing something that is not true.
Example
He deluded himself into thinking he could win the race without training.
他欺骗自己认为自己可以不训练就赢得比赛。
C1 noun ˈmæŋɡroʊv ˈfɒrɪst

Mangrove Forest

红树林
Meaning
A coastal forest ecosystem characterized by salt-tolerant trees and shrubs that grow in intertidal zones.
Example
Sundarbans is the world's largest mangrove forest.
孙达班是世界上最大的红树林。
C1 adjective /ˈboʊɡəs/

bogus

伪造的
Meaning
false, fake, or not genuine
Example
The police arrested him for using a bogus ID card.
警方因他使用伪造的身份证而逮捕了他。
C1 noun /əˈbɪs/

abyss

深渊
Meaning
a deep, immeasurable space, chasm, or void; something seemingly without end
Example
The climbers looked down into the dark abyss below.
攀登者看着下面的黑暗深渊。
C1 noun /ˈmælɪs/

Malice

恶意; 仇恨; 敌意;
Meaning
The intention or desire to do evil; ill will
Example
There was no malice in his criticism, just honest feedback.
他的批评中没有恶意，只是诚实的反馈。
C1 noun /ˈbreɪkər/

breaker

断路器（打破某物的人或物体；在岸边破碎成泡沫的大海浪；中断电路的设备）
Meaning
A person or thing that breaks something; a large sea wave that breaks into foam near the shore; a device that interrupts an electric circuit.
Example
The breaker tripped during the storm, cutting off electricity.
暴风雨期间，断路器跳闸，切断了电力。
C1 noun /ˈʌp.raɪt.nəs/

Uprightness

正直; 正义
Meaning
the quality of being honest and morally correct; integrity
Example
His uprightness in business dealings earned him great respect.
他在商业中的正直赢得了很大的尊重。
C1 adjective /ˌjuːnɪˈlætərəl/

Unilateral

单方面
Meaning
one-sided; involving only one party
Example
The country made a unilateral decision to withdraw from the treaty.
这个国家做出了单方面的决定，退出了条约。
C1 noun /ˈeɪ.nəs/

Anus

肛门
Meaning
the opening at the end of the digestive tract through which waste leaves the body
Example
The doctor examined the patient's anus during the medical checkup.
医生在体检期间检查了病人的肛门。
C1 noun ˈtær.ɪf

tariff

关税或进出口税
Meaning
A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.
Example
The government imposed high tariffs on luxury goods.
政府对奢侈品征收了高额关税。
C1 noun /ˈkælkjʊləs/

calculus

微积分
Meaning
A branch of mathematics concerned with rates of change and accumulation; also a hard mineral deposit in the body such as on teeth.
Example
Calculus is essential for advanced studies in physics and engineering.
微积分是物理学和工程学高级研究的基础。
C1 noun /ˈlʊkaʊt/

lookout

瞭望, 哨位
Meaning
A place for watching; a person keeping watch.
Example
The guard kept a lookout for suspicious activity.
卫兵警惕地监视着可疑活动。
C1 adjective /diːˈsɛntrəlaɪzd/

decentralized

去中心化
Meaning
Controlled by several local offices or authorities rather than one single one.
Example
The decentralized system allowed for more control at local levels.
去中心化的系统允许在地方层级进行更多的控制。
C1 noun /ˈtæntrəm/

tantrum

发脾气
Meaning
An uncontrolled outburst of anger and frustration, typically in a young child.
Example
The child threw a tantrum when he didn’t get the toy.
孩子因为没有得到玩具而发脾气。
C1 noun /ˈdeɪˌbreɪk/

daybreak

黎明
Meaning
The time in the morning when daylight first appears; dawn.
Example
They set out on their journey at daybreak.
他们在黎明时分开始了他们的旅程。
C1 adjective ɪkˈskwɪzɪt

exquisite

精致
Meaning
Extremely beautiful and delicate.
Example
The exquisite craftsmanship of the watch made it a collector's item.
这只手表的精美工艺使其成为收藏品。
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfɪˈdɑːnt/

confidante

知己
Meaning
A woman with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting her not to repeat it.
Example
The queen’s maid became her most trusted confidante.
皇后的女仆成为了她最信任的知己。
C1 verb /əˈlʊər/

allure

吸引
Meaning
to attract or tempt someone with something desirable; to entice
Example
The beautiful garden allured visitors from far away.
美丽的花园吸引了远处的游客。
C1 noun /ˈmæroʊ/

Marrow

骨髓
Meaning
A soft fatty substance in the cavities of bones; the essence of something
Example
The bone marrow produces blood cells in the human body.
骨髓在人体内产生血细胞。
C1 adjective /ˈpæs.ə.bəl/

passable

可接受的
Meaning
good enough to be accepted, though not excellent
Example
The road is barely passable after the storm.
风暴过后，路几乎无法通行。
C1 verb ˈflʌk.tʃu.eɪt

fluctuate

波动
Meaning
To regularly increase or decrease.
Example
Stock prices fluctuate due to market conditions.
股价因市场条件而波动。
C1 noun /beɪl/

bail

保释
Meaning
the temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, often with a financial guarantee
Example
He was granted bail after his arrest.
他在被捕后获得了保释。
C1 noun /ˌævɒ̃ˈɡɑːrd/

avantgarde

先锋派
Meaning
people or works that are innovative, experimental, and ahead of their time
Example
The avantgarde of the 20th century reshaped modern art.
20世纪的先锋派重新塑造了现代艺术。
C1 noun /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛrəpi/

psychotherapy

心理治疗
Meaning
The treatment of mental disorder by psychological rather than medical means.
Example
She attended weekly psychotherapy sessions to cope with her anxiety.
她参加了每周的心理治疗会议，以应对她的焦虑。
C1 noun /ˈmaɪkrəʊˌklaɪmæt/

microclimate

微气候
Meaning
The climate of a small, specific area that may differ from the general climate of the surrounding region, often influenced by local factors like terrain, vegetation, or buildings.
Example
A microclimate can have a significant impact on plant growth.
微气候可能对植物的生长产生重要影响。
C1 noun /ˈdɛljuːdʒ/

deluge

洪水
Meaning
A severe flood; an overwhelming quantity of something.
Example
The town was hit by a deluge of rain in just a few hours.
该镇在几个小时内被大雨洪水淹没。
C1 adjective ʌnˈjiːl.dɪŋ

unyielding

坚定或坚韧
Meaning
Not easily broken or giving in to pressure.
Example
Her unyielding determination helped her overcome all challenges.
她坚定的决心帮助她克服了所有的挑战。
C1 noun /ˈɑːrməri/

armory

军械库
Meaning
A place where weapons are stored; a supply of resources or skills.
Example
The soldiers kept their weapons in the armory.
士兵们把武器存放在军械库里。
C1 adjective /rɪˈvenʒ.fəl/

Revengeful

复仇的
Meaning
seeking or desiring revenge; vindictive
Example
He became revengeful after being betrayed by his friend.
他在被朋友背叛后变得复仇心切。
C1 adjective /klæd/

clad

穿戴 / 覆盖
Meaning
dressed or covered in a particular way
Example
The knight was clad in shining armor.
骑士穿戴着闪亮的盔甲。
C1 adjective /ˈwɒn.tən/

Wanton

故意且未被挑衅的; 性别不拘或放荡
Meaning
deliberate and unprovoked; sexually immodest or promiscuous
Example
The vandals caused wanton destruction to the public property.
破坏者对公共财产造成了故意的破坏。
C1 noun /ɪˈreləvəns/

irrelevance

无关性
Meaning
the quality of not being connected to or important for a particular matter; lack of significance
Example
His long explanation only highlighted the irrelevance of the details to the main issue.
他冗长的解释只凸显了这些细节与主要问题的无关性。
C1 noun /ˈmuːdi.nəs/

moodiness

情绪不稳定
Meaning
The state of being frequently subject to changes in mood, especially irritability or sadness.
Example
Her moodiness made it difficult to predict how she would react.
她的情绪不稳定使得很难预测她会如何反应。
C1 noun /ˈiːɡoʊˌtɪzəm/

egotism

自负
Meaning
The practice of talking and thinking about oneself excessively because of an inflated sense of self-importance.
Example
His constant boasting revealed his egotism.
他的不断吹嘘揭示了他的自负。
C1 noun /ˈnɛkˌlaɪn/

neckline

领口
Meaning
the edge of a garment around the neck, especially as cut to form a particular shape
Example
The dress has a beautiful V-shaped neckline.
这件裙子有一个漂亮的V形领口。
C1 noun ɪnˌten.sɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

intensification

强化
Meaning
The process of becoming or making something more intense or extreme.
Example
The intensification of climate change requires urgent action.
气候变化的强化需要紧急行动。
C1 verb /ˈpɜːmieɪt/

permeate

渗透, 弥漫, 渗入
Meaning
Spread throughout (something); pervade.
Example
The scent of fresh flowers permeated the entire room.
新鲜花朵的香气弥漫整个房间。
C1 noun /ˈdʒʊərər/

juror

陪审员
Meaning
a member of a jury who is chosen to hear evidence in a legal case and help make a decision
Example
The juror listened carefully to the witness’s testimony.
陪审员仔细听取了证人的证词。
C1 adjective /ˈhɛdˌstrɔŋ/

headstrong

固执
Meaning
Determined to do what one wants, even if it is not sensible.
Example
The headstrong child refused to listen to anyone.
固执的孩子拒绝听任何人的话。
C1 noun kəˈmɑːnd ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi

command economy

计划经济
Meaning
An economic system where economic activities are controlled by the government.
Example
In a command economy, the government controls production and prices.
在计划经济中，政府控制生产和价格。
C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

turbulent

动荡
Meaning
Characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not stable or calm.
Example
The country went through a turbulent period of political change.
这个国家经历了一个动荡的政治变革时期。
C1 adverb /ɪnˈvɜːrs.li/

Inversely

反向地; 相反地
Meaning
in a way that is opposite or contrary; in reverse order or manner
Example
The price of goods is inversely related to their availability in the market.
商品的价格与其在市场上的可得性成反比。
C1 noun /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/

calligraphy

美丽且装饰性的书写艺术
Meaning
The art of beautiful and decorative handwriting.
Example
She took a course to improve her calligraphy skills.
她参加了一个课程来提高她的书法技能。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

Innumerable

无数; 无尽; 无限
Meaning
too many to be counted; countless; infinite in number
Example
There are innumerable stars in the night sky that we cannot see with our naked eyes.
夜空中有无数的星星，我们无法用肉眼看到。
C1 verb /rɪˈtælieɪt/

retaliate

报复
Meaning
to make an attack in return for a similar attack
Example
The army retaliated after the enemy attack.
军队在敌人的攻击后进行了报复。
C1 adjective /ræmˈbʌŋk.ʃəs/

rambunctious

喧闹的
Meaning
boisterous, energetic, and difficult to control.
Example
The rambunctious children filled the house with noise.
那些喧闹的孩子让屋子充满了噪音。
C1 verb /ˈbæfəl/

baffle

困惑
Meaning
to confuse; to be too difficult to understand
Example
The math problem baffles me completely.
数学问题完全把我搞糊涂了。
C1 adjective /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.ə.bəl/

negotiable

可商议的
Meaning
Open to discussion or modification; capable of being bargained for.
Example
The salary offered is negotiable.
提供的薪水是可商议的。
C1 verb /ˈbʌŋɡəl/

bungle

搞砸
Meaning
To carry out a task clumsily or incompetently.
Example
He bungled the presentation and confused the audience.
他搞砸了演示并让观众感到困惑。
C1 verb /ˈrævɪdʒ/

ravage

摧毁
Meaning
to cause severe and extensive damage or destruction
Example
The hurricane ravaged the coastal villages.
飓风摧毁了沿海村庄。
C1 noun /ɪnˈædɪkwəsi/

inadequacy

不足
Meaning
lack of sufficient ability, quality, or strength; a feeling of not being good enough
Example
She struggled with feelings of inadequacy at work despite her strong qualifications.
尽管资历很强，她在工作中仍感到不足。
C1 noun /ˈprɛljuːd/

prelude

前奏
Meaning
An action, event, or statement that serves as an introduction to something more important.
Example
The small fight was only a prelude to a bigger conflict.
小争执只是更大冲突的前奏。
C1 noun /ˈpɛsəl/

pestle

杵
Meaning
A heavy tool with a rounded end used for crushing or grinding substances in a mortar.
Example
She used a pestle to grind the spices.
她使用杵来研磨香料。
C1 noun kɒɡˈnɪʃ.ən

cognition

认知
Meaning
The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
Example
Cognition plays a key role in learning.
认知在学习中起着关键作用。
C1 noun /ˈmeɪniə/

Mania

狂热; 极度的热情
Meaning
Mental illness marked by periods of great excitement; extreme enthusiasm
Example
She had a mania for collecting vintage postcards from around the world.
她有一个收集世界各地旧明信片的狂热。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːɡjərəl/

Inaugural

开幕
Meaning
marking the beginning of something; first; opening
Example
The president delivered his inaugural speech.
总统发表了他的开幕演讲。
C1 noun /ˈpær.ə.di/

Parody

仿作
Meaning
an imitation of a particular style for comic effect; a humorous exaggerated copy
Example
The comedy show featured a parody of famous politicians.
这档喜剧节目以对知名政治家的仿作来制造滑稽效果。
C1 adjective /pɑːrtʃt/

parched

极度口渴
Meaning
extremely dry, especially because of heat or thirst
Example
After walking in the desert, he was parched with thirst.
在沙漠中走路后，他极度口渴。
C1 adjective ˈɒk.sɪ.də.tɪv

oxidative

与氧化相关
Meaning
Related to or caused by oxidation, especially cellular damage from free radicals.
Example
Excess stress can lead to oxidative damage in cells.
过度的压力可能导致细胞中的氧化损伤。
C1 noun ˈnuːkliəs

nucleus

原子核
Meaning
The central core of an atom containing protons and neutrons.
Example
The nucleus consists of protons.
原子核由质子组成。
C1 noun ˌvɛn.əˈreɪ.ʃən

veneration

崇敬
Meaning
Great respect; reverence; the action of regarding with great respect or reverence.
Example
Many cultures show veneration for their ancestors.
许多文化表现出对祖先的崇敬。
C1 adjective ˈɪn.tər.ɪm

interim

临时
Meaning
In or for the intervening period; provisional or temporary.
Example
Interim governments manage transitional phases.
临时政府管理过渡阶段。
C1 noun /ɡʌl/

Gull

海鸥
Meaning
a seabird with webbed feet, long wings, and usually white and gray feathers
Example
The gull swooped down to grab the fish from the water.
海鸥俯冲下来抓住水中的鱼。
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɪsɪt/

illicit

非法的
Meaning
Forbidden by law, rules, or custom.
Example
The police shut down the illicit drug operation.
警方关闭了非法毒品交易。
C1 noun /əˈstrɑː.lə.dʒər/

Astrologer

占星师
Meaning
a person who studies astrology and makes predictions based on the positions of stars and planets
Example
The astrologer predicted good fortune in her future.
占星师预测她未来的好运。
C1 noun /ɪɡˈzuːbərəns/

exuberance

兴奋
Meaning
the quality of being full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness
Example
Her exuberance made the whole team feel motivated.
她的兴奋让整个团队感到鼓舞。
C1 adjective /kənˈtɛmptʃuəs/

contemptuous

轻蔑的, 鄙视的
Meaning
showing or expressing contempt; scornful
Example
She gave him a contemptuous glance.
她给了他一个轻蔑的眼神。
C1 verb /ˈwaɪtˌwɑːʃ/

whitewash

Meaning
to cover up faults, errors, or unpleasant facts; to paint with white paint or lime
Example
The report was criticized for trying to whitewash the company's failures.
C1 adjective /fəˈnætɪk/

Fanatic

狂热者
Meaning
extremely passionate about something; showing excessive enthusiasm or devotion
Example
He is a fanatic supporter of his football team.
他是他足球队的狂热支持者。
C1 verb /rɪˈtrækt/

retract

Meaning
to withdraw a statement, promise, or part of the body; to pull back
Example
The company retracted its earlier statement after realizing the error.
C1 noun /ˈnɔːrmən/

Norman

Meaning
A member of a people of mixed Scandinavian and Frankish origin who settled in Normandy, or relating to their culture.
Example
The Normans conquered England in 1066.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌθɔːt/

forethought

预见
Meaning
careful consideration of what will be necessary or may happen in the future
Example
With a little forethought, we could have avoided the problem.
稍微有一点预见性，我们本可以避免这个问题。
C1 adjective /ˈdʒuː.bɪ.lənt/

jubilant

欢欣鼓舞
Meaning
feeling or expressing great happiness and joy
Example
The team was jubilant after winning the championship.
球队在赢得冠军后欢欣鼓舞。
C1 noun /dɪˈten.ʃən/

Detention

拘留; 暂时关押
Meaning
the action of detaining someone or being detained in official custody
Example
The student received detention for repeatedly disrupting the class.
学生因反复打扰课堂而被拘留。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

incomprehensible

难以理解的
Meaning
Impossible or very difficult to understand.
Example
The professor’s lecture was so fast it became incomprehensible.
教授的讲座太快了，以至于变得难以理解。
C1 noun /səˈlɪn.ə.t̬i/

salinity

盐度, 盐浓度
Meaning
The salt content of soil or water, typically measured as a concentration.
Example
The salinity of the ocean varies depending on depth and location.
海洋的盐度会根据深度和位置变化。
C1 noun /frɪndʒ/

fringe

装饰边缘 / 边界
Meaning
A decorative border of threads; the outer edge or margin of something.
Example
The festival had a fringe of small independent performances.
节日有一条小型独立表演的边缘。
C1 noun /luː/

lieu

代替
Meaning
Instead of; in place of.
Example
He gave money in lieu of flowers.
他给了钱代替花。
C1 noun /ˈprɒvɪdəns/

providence

神的眷顾
Meaning
the protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power; foresight or prudence
Example
They believed their survival was due to divine providence.
他们相信他们的生存归功于神的眷顾。
C1 adjective /ˈlaʊzi/

lousy

糟糕
Meaning
of very poor quality; bad or unpleasant
Example
He felt lousy after catching the flu.
他在得了流感后感觉很糟糕。
C1 verb /ˈkʌn.dʒər/

conjure

召唤
Meaning
to summon something as if by magic; to imagine vividly
Example
The magician conjured a rabbit out of the hat.
魔术师从帽子里召唤出了一只兔子。
C1 adjective ʌnˈwɔːr.rən.tɪd

unwarranted

不合理的
Meaning
Not justified or necessary; without good reason.
Example
His anger toward the staff was completely unwarranted.
他对员工的愤怒是完全不合理的。
C1 adjective /ˈsteɪtli/

stately

庄严和宏伟
Meaning
Having a dignified, majestic, and impressive appearance or manner.
Example
The stately mansion stood at the end of the long driveway.
那座庄严的豪宅位于长长的车道尽头。
C1 verb /kəˈrəʊd/

corrode

腐蚀
Meaning
to gradually destroy or wear away metal or other materials through chemical action
Example
The iron pipes corroded over time due to exposure to water.
铁管因暴露在水中而随着时间的推移而腐蚀。
C1 noun/verb /ɪˈstiːm/

esteem

尊敬
Meaning
Respect and admiration, typically for a person.
Example
She is held in high esteem by her colleagues.
她受到了同事们的高度尊敬。
C1 noun /ˌdɪs.əˈreɪ/

disarray

混乱
Meaning
A state of disorganization or untidiness; confusion or disorder.
Example
His desk was in complete disarray.
他的桌子完全处于混乱状态。
C1 verb /ˌriː.ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

reestablish

重新建立
Meaning
to set up or restore something again after it has been disrupted
Example
The government worked hard to reestablish peace in the region.
政府努力在该地区重新建立和平。
C1 adjective /ˈvɛnərəbəl/

Venerable

尊敬的; 受人尊敬的
Meaning
deserving respect due to age, wisdom, or character; revered
Example
The venerable professor has taught at the university for fifty years.
这位威望的教授在大学里教书已五十年。
C1 adjective /ˈdɒɡɪd/

dogged

顽强
Meaning
showing stubborn determination and persistence
Example
She succeeded through dogged determination.
她通过顽强的决心取得了成功。
C1 verb /reɪv/

rave

赞扬
Meaning
to speak or write about something with great enthusiasm or admiration
Example
Critics rave about the new movie.
评论家们对新电影赞不绝口。
C1 adjective /ˈmænɪfoʊld/

Manifold

多方面的
Meaning
many and of several different types; multiple; various
Example
The project has manifold benefits for the community.
这个项目对社区有多方面的好处。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈhoʊli/

Unholy

亵渎的; 罪恶的; 亵渎的
Meaning
wicked; sinful; profane
Example
The unholy alliance between the two companies caused public outrage.
这两家公司之间的不圣洁联盟引发了公众愤怒。
C1 verb /ˈɪnfɪltreɪt/

infiltrate

渗透
Meaning
to secretly enter or gain access to a place or group
Example
The spies managed to infiltrate the enemy base.
间谍们设法渗透敌人基地。
C1 noun /ˈpɒpjʊlɪst/

populist

民粹主义领导人
Meaning
A politician or person who seeks to appeal to ordinary people who feel their concerns are ignored by elites.
Example
The populist leader promised to put the needs of common citizens first.
民粹主义领导人承诺将普通公民的需求放在首位。
C1 adjective /sɪˈnɒnɪməs/

synonymous

同义词
Meaning
having the same or nearly the same meaning; closely associated with something
Example
For many people, her name is synonymous with generosity.
对于许多人来说，她的名字是慷慨的同义词。
C1 noun /bəˈnæn.zə/

Bonanza

一种突然增加财富、好运或利润的情况或事件
Meaning
a situation or event that creates a sudden increase in wealth, good fortune, or profits
Example
The oil discovery was a bonanza for the small country.
石油的发现对这个小国来说是一个博南萨。
C1 noun /ˈɔːrkɪd/

Orchid

兰花
Meaning
a diverse family of flowering plants known for their exotic and often fragrant flowers
Example
The white orchid on the windowsill bloomed for months.
窗台上的白色兰花开了好几个月。
C1 noun /fruˈɪʃən/

fruition

实现
Meaning
The realization or fulfillment of a plan, project, or desire.
Example
Her dream of becoming a doctor finally came to fruition.
她成为医生的梦想终于实现了。
C1 noun /ˈsɪtrɪk ˈæsɪd/

Citric Acid

柠檬酸
Meaning
a natural acid found in citrus fruits, used as a food preservative and flavoring agent
Example
Add a pinch of citric acid to preserve the color of the fruit jam.
加入一撮柠檬酸以保持果酱的颜色。
C1 noun /ˈpɛndənt/

pendant

吊坠
Meaning
a piece of jewelry that hangs from a chain worn around the neck
Example
She wore a silver pendant around her neck.
她戴着一个银色的吊坠在脖子上。
C1 verb /snʌb/

snub

冷落
Meaning
to insult or ignore someone by treating them rudely
Example
He felt hurt when his invitation was snubbed.
他感到受伤，当他的邀请被冷落。
C1 adjective /ˈfɑːð.ər.ləs/

fatherless

没有父亲
Meaning
without a father
Example
The fatherless child relied on the support of his community.
这个没有父亲的孩子依赖于他社区的支持。
C1 noun /ˈves.tɪdʒ/

Vestige

痕迹
Meaning
a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing or no longer exists
Example
No vestige of the ancient city remains.
古老城市的痕迹已经不再存在。
C1 verb /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/

intimidate

Meaning
To frighten or overawe someone, especially to make them do what one wants.
Example
The bully tried to intimidate the smaller kids.
C1 noun əˈrɪd.ɪ.ti

aridity

干旱
Meaning
The state of being extremely dry, especially having insufficient rainfall to support vegetation.
Example
The aridity of the land is increasing due to climate change.
由于气候变化，土地的干旱正在加剧。
C1 noun /ˌpɪɡ.menˈteɪ.ʃən/

pigmentation

色素沉着
Meaning
The natural coloring of animal or plant tissue.
Example
Excessive rubbing can cause pigmentation issues.
过度摩擦可能会导致色素沉着问题。
C1 verb, noun /ˈbʌsəl/

bustle

喧嚣, 忙碌
Meaning
to move in an energetic or noisy manner; busy activity in a place
Example
The marketplace bustled with vendors and customers.
市场充满了小贩和顾客。
C1 noun ˈeʃ.ə.lɒn

echelon

级别，等级，阶层
Meaning
A level or rank in an organization, a profession, or society.
Example
He climbed to the upper echelon of the corporate world.
他爬升到了公司世界的最高层。
C1 verb /ˌriːhəˈbɪlɪteɪt/

rehabilitate

Meaning
to restore someone to health, normal life, or a good condition after illness, injury, or imprisonment
Example
The clinic helps rehabilitate injured athletes.
C1 adjective /ˈwɔːrˌlaɪk/

warlike

好战的
Meaning
Having an aggressive or militant nature; inclined to fight or engage in war.
Example
The tribe was known for its warlike traditions.
这个部落因其好战的传统而闻名。
C1 noun /ɪnˈvɜːrʒən/

inversion

倒置
Meaning
A reversal of the normal order, position, or relationship.
Example
In poetry, inversion is often used to create emphasis.
在诗歌中，倒置常用来创造强调。
C1 noun /ˈroʊ.lɪŋ bɔːrd/

Rolling board

擀面板
Meaning
a flat wooden or marble surface used for rolling out dough
Example
She placed the dough on the rolling board.
她把面团放在了擀面板上。
C1 verb /ˈkaʊər/

cower

因恐惧而蹲下
Meaning
to crouch down in fear
Example
The child cowered behind the sofa during the thunderstorm.
孩子在雷暴中躲在沙发后面。
C1 adjective ˌɪn.krəˈmen.təl

incremental

增量
Meaning
Relating to or denoting an increase or addition, especially one of a series on a fixed scale; proceeding in small stages.
Example
Incremental changes ensure sustainability.
增量变化确保可持续性。
C1 adjective /ˈten.tə.tɪv/

Tentative

初步的; 不确定的
Meaning
not certain or fixed; provisional; hesitant or unsure
Example
We made tentative plans to meet next week.
我们做了初步的计划，下周见面。
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɒtɪk/

erotic

色情的
Meaning
relating to or tending to arouse sexual desire or excitement
Example
The novel contained several erotic scenes.
这本小说包含了几个色情场景。
C1 adjective /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪˌteɪtɪd/

premeditated

预谋
Meaning
planned in advance; done deliberately
Example
The crime was clearly premeditated.
这个犯罪显然是预谋的。
C1 adjective /ˈskeɪðɪŋ/

scathing

尖锐的批评
Meaning
severely critical; harshly scornful
Example
The critic wrote a scathing review of the movie.
评论家写了一篇尖锐的电影评论。