C2 noun /ˈstænʃən/

stanchion

支柱

Meaning

a strong upright bar or post used as support or to control movement

Example

The red rope was attached to the stanchions to guide the crowd.

红色绳子被固定在支柱上以引导人群。

B1 noun /ˈtiː.pɒt/

Tea-pot

茶壶

Meaning

a container with a lid, handle, and spout for brewing and serving tea

Example

She poured hot water into the tea-pot to make tea.

她把热水倒入茶壶中来泡茶。

B1 verb /rɪˈtaɪə/

retire

退休

Meaning

to stop working after reaching a certain age or having completed a career

Example

She decided to retire after working for 40 years.

她决定在工作了40年后退休。

C2 noun /tɛkˈnɒɡrəfi/

technography

技术学

Meaning

the descriptive study or writing about the practical arts, technologies, or technical methods of a society

Example

The anthropologist specialized in technography to understand indigenous tool-making traditions.

人类学家专门研究技术学，以了解土著工具制作的传统。

C1 noun /ʌpˈhiːvəl/

upheaval

动荡

Meaning

a violent or sudden change or disruption to something

Example

The company faced a major upheaval after the sudden resignation of its CEO.

公司在其CEO突然辞职后经历了巨大的动荡。

A1 noun /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

beginning

开始

Meaning

The start or first part of something.

Example

The beginning of the story was very interesting.

故事的开始非常有趣。

B2 noun /ˈɔr.fən.ɪʒ/

Orphanage

孤儿院

Meaning

an institution for the care and education of children who have lost their parents

Example

The charity built a new orphanage for homeless children.

慈善机构为无家可归的孩子建了一个新孤儿院。

C1 noun /ˌɪməˈtjʊərəti/

immaturity

不成熟

Meaning

the state of not being fully developed emotionally, mentally, or physically; lack of maturity

Example

His immaturity made it difficult for him to handle responsibility.

他的不成熟让他难以承担责任。

B2 verb /ɪnˈfɛkt/

infect

传染

Meaning

To contaminate with a disease-causing organism.

Example

The virus can infect healthy people quickly.

病毒可以迅速传染健康的人。

A1 noun /ˈflaʊər/

flower

花

Meaning

the seed-bearing part of a plant, often colorful and fragrant, that blossoms

Example

The garden was full of colorful flowers.

花园里满是五彩斑斓的花朵。

C1 verb /ˈliːɡəlaɪz/

legalize

合法化

Meaning

To make something lawful by official approval.

Example

The government decided to legalize online businesses.

政府决定合法化在线业务。

A1 verb /peɪnt/

paint

画画

Meaning

to apply a colored substance to a surface

Example

She loves to paint landscapes in her free time.

她喜欢在空闲时间画风景画。

C1 adjective prɪˈkeə.ri.əs

precarious

危险的

Meaning

Not securely held or in position; dependent on chance; uncertain.

Example

His financial situation is precarious.

他的财务状况是危险的。

A2 adverb /ˈhæpɪli/

happily

幸福地

Meaning

in a happy manner; with pleasure or satisfaction

Example

The children played happily in the garden.

孩子们在花园里幸福地玩耍。

B2 noun /ˈɡɑːr.di.ən/

Guardian

监护人; 守护者

Meaning

a defender, protector, or keeper; a person legally responsible for the care of someone unable to manage their own affairs

Example

After her parents died, her uncle became her legal guardian and took care of her.

在她的父母去世后，她的叔叔成为了她的法定监护人，并照顾了她。

C2 verb /sʌbˈtɛnd/

subtend

形成角度

Meaning

To extend across or form an angle at a particular point, often used in geometry.

Example

The arc subtends a 60-degree angle at the center of the circle.

弧线在圆心处形成60度角。

C1 noun ˈsɛlfləsnɪs

selflessness

无私

Meaning

The quality of being concerned more with the needs of others than with one's own.

Example

Selflessness is a key value for community building.

无私是社区建设中的关键价值。

C1 noun /ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃənsi/

Self-sufficiency

自给自足

Meaning

the ability to supply one's own needs without external assistance; independence

Example

The farm achieved complete self-sufficiency in food production.

农场在食品生产中实现了完全的自给自足。

B2 noun /paʊtʃ/

pouch

袋子

Meaning

a small bag or pocket, often used to carry small items

Example

She kept her coins in a small leather pouch.

她把硬币放在一个小皮袋里。

C2 noun /ˌfɑːrməkəˈpiːə/

pharmacopoeia

药典

Meaning

An official book listing medicinal drugs, their effects, and directions for use.

Example

The doctor referred to the pharmacopoeia to check the drug's proper dosage.

医生查阅了药典，以核对药物的正确剂量。

B2 noun /ˈen.ə.dʒi sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti/

energy security

能源安全

Meaning

The reliable availability of energy sources at an affordable price for a nation or region.

Example

Energy security ensures consistent supply.

能源安全确保稳定的供应。

C2 noun /ˈbʊljən/

bullion

金或银的原料

Meaning

Gold or silver in bulk before being coined or made into jewelry.

Example

The bank stores gold bullion in its vaults.

银行将金条储存在它的保险库中。

C1 adjective /ˈfæn.sɪ.fəl/

fanciful

幻想的, 不现实的

Meaning

overimaginative, unrealistic, or whimsical

Example

The story was too fanciful to be true.

这个故事太幻想了，不可能是真的。

C1 noun /dɪˈspɜːrʒən/

dispersion

分散

Meaning

The action or process of distributing things or people over a wide area.

Example

The dispersion of seeds by the wind helps plants reproduce.

风的种子散布有助于植物繁殖。

B1 noun /ˌmoʊtɪˈveɪʃən/

motivation

动机

Meaning

the reason or drive for acting or behaving in a particular way

Example

She lost her motivation to continue the project.

她失去了继续项目的动机。

C1 noun /ˈdʒɑːr.ɡən/

jargon

行话

Meaning

Specialized or technical language used by a particular group or profession.

Example

The lawyer’s explanation was full of legal jargon.

律师的解释充满了法律行话。

B1 noun /roʊp/

rope

绳子

Meaning

a strong, thick cord made of twisted fibers or strands

Example

The climbers used a rope to scale the mountain.

登山者用绳子攀登山峰。

C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ/

exacting

苛刻的

Meaning

demanding a lot of effort, attention, or precision

Example

She is known for her exacting standards in design.

她因其苛刻的设计标准而闻名。

B2 adjective /ˈfeɪθ.fəl/

Faithful

忠诚的; 忠实的; 可靠的

Meaning

loyal and committed; reliable; true to one's beliefs

Example

She remained faithful to her principles throughout her career.

她在整个职业生涯中始终忠诚于自己的原则。

C2 adjective /ˈɛstɪməbl/

estimable

值得尊敬的

Meaning

Worthy of great respect.

Example

Her estimable achievements inspired the whole community.

她值得尊敬的成就鼓舞了整个社区。

C1 verb, noun /ˈbrɪsəl/

bristle

刚毛; 愤怒反应

Meaning

to react angrily or defensively; a short stiff hair or fiber

Example

The cat bristled when it saw the dog.

猫看到狗时毛发竖起来。

C2 noun /fləˈtɪlə/

flotilla

小型舰队

Meaning

A small fleet of ships or boats operating together.

Example

A flotilla of fishing boats left the harbor at dawn.

一支渔船的舰队在黎明时分离开港口。

A1 adjective, adverb, pronoun /mʌtʃ/

much

很多

Meaning

a large amount or degree of something

Example

She doesn’t have much time to finish the project.

她没有很多时间来完成这个项目。

C2 noun /foʊ ˈpɑː/

faux pas

社交失误

Meaning

a social blunder or mistake in etiquette

Example

He committed a major faux pas by forgetting her birthday.

他因为忘记她的生日而犯了一个大社交失误。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈbʌstəbl/

incombustible

不燃烧

Meaning

Not capable of catching fire or burning.

Example

This material is incombustible and safe for construction.

这种材料是防火的，适合建筑使用。

B2 noun /ɪˈkweɪʒən/

equation

方程

Meaning

a mathematical statement that shows the equality of two expressions

Example

He solved the equation to find the value of x.

他解出了方程，找到了x的值。

B1 noun /ˈsʌn.raɪz/

Sunrise

日出

Meaning

the time in the morning when the sun appears above the horizon

Example

We watched the beautiful sunrise from the mountain top.

我们从山顶观看了美丽的日出。

C2 verb /ɛnˈfrænˌtʃaɪz/

enfranchise

幸福

Meaning

To grant the right to vote or other rights of citizenship.

Example

The new law enfranchised thousands of people.

当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。

B1 verb প্রিভেন্টস

prevents

阻止

Meaning

To stop something from happening or arising.

Example

Bangladesh's warm climate prevents snowfall.

孟加拉国的温暖气候阻止了降雪。

C2 adjective /sərˈkjuːɪtəs/

circuitous

迂回路线

Meaning

Longer than the most direct way; roundabout.

Example

He took a circuitous route to avoid traffic.

他走了一条迂回路线以避开交通。

C2 noun /frɒnd/

frond

叶子

Meaning

A large, divided leaf of a fern, palm, or similar plant.

Example

The fern's frond stretched gracefully over the garden path.

蕨类植物的叶片优雅地伸展在花园小路上。

B1 noun /kəʊˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən/

cooperation

合作

Meaning

The process of working together to the same end.

Example

Cooperation ensures effective problem-solving.

合作确保有效的问题解决。

C1 noun /brɔːl/

brawl

争吵

Meaning

a noisy fight in a public place

Example

A brawl broke out outside the bar late at night.

夜晚在酒吧外发生了争吵。

B1 noun /ˈsteɪt.mənt/

Statement

声明

Meaning

a definite or clear expression of something in speech or writing; an official account of facts

Example

The CEO issued a statement about the company's future plans.

首席执行官发布了一份关于公司未来计划的声明。

C2 adjective /ˈdɪsəluːt/

dissolute

放荡

Meaning

lacking moral restraint; indulging excessively in sensual pleasures

Example

He led a dissolute life filled with parties and gambling.

他过着充满派对和赌博的放荡生活。

C1 verb /skɔːrtʃ/

scorch

烧焦

Meaning

to burn the surface of something slightly

Example

The fire scorched the walls of the building.

火焰烧焦了建筑物的墙壁。

A1 noun /sɔːŋ/

song

歌曲

Meaning

a short piece of music with words that are sung

Example

She sang a beautiful song at the concert.

她在音乐会上唱了一首美丽的歌曲。

B2 verb ˈtrɪɡərz

triggers

引发

Meaning

To cause or initiate something to happen

Example

Air pollution triggers chronic diseases.

空气污染引发了慢性疾病。

B2 noun /spaɪs/

spice

香料

Meaning

a substance used to add flavor to food

Example

She added a pinch of spice to the curry for extra flavor.

她在咖喱里加入了一撮香料以增加味道。

A1 noun /ɡaɪ/

guy

家伙

Meaning

an informal term for a man; sometimes used to refer to a person in general

Example

That guy over there is my best friend.

那边的家伙是我最好的朋友。

C1 noun /kɑːɡ/

cog

轮子或齿轮上的齿

Meaning

A tooth on the rim of a wheel or gear; metaphorically, a minor but necessary part of a larger system.

Example

He felt like just a small cog in a big machine.

他觉得自己只是一个大机器中的小齿轮。

C1 noun /ˈkrɒkəri/

crockery

餐具

Meaning

Dishes, plates, cups, and other items made of earthenware or china.

Example

The hotel provided clean crockery for the guests.

酒店为客人提供了干净的餐具。

C1 noun /ˈpɪt.fɔːl/

pitfall

陷阱，困难

Meaning

a hidden or unexpected danger or difficulty

Example

Investors must be aware of the pitfalls of the market.

投资者必须意识到市场中的陷阱。

B1 noun /ˈbʌb.əl/

bubble

气泡

Meaning

a thin sphere of liquid enclosing air or gas; a temporary state of inflated value or excitement

Example

The children chased the bubbles in the air.

孩子们在空中追逐气泡。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈnesəseri/

Unnecessary

不必要的；多余的

Meaning

not needed; not required; pointless

Example

The meeting was unnecessary since all decisions were already made.

会议是多余的，因为所有的决定已经做出。

C1 verb /ɪnˈɡreɪv/

engrave

雕刻

Meaning

to cut or carve a design, letter, or pattern into a hard surface

Example

The craftsman engraved her name on the silver ring.

工匠在银戒指上刻下了她的名字。

B2 verb /ˈmæk.sɪ.maɪz/

maximize

最大化

Meaning

to increase something as much as possible

Example

The company aims to maximize its profits this year.

公司今年旨在最大化其利润。

C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.ju.əns/

continuance

持续性

Meaning

the state of continuing or being prolonged; persistence

Example

The continuance of the project depended on securing additional funding.

项目的持续性依赖于确保额外的资金。

C1 noun /hɒˈstɪləti/

hostility

敌意

Meaning

hostile behavior; unfriendliness or opposition

Example

The negotiations ended in an atmosphere of hostility.

谈判以敌意的氛围结束。

B2 verb /skwɒʃ/

squash

压扁

Meaning

to crush or squeeze something with force so that it becomes flat or broken

Example

She accidentally squashed the bug with her shoe.

她不小心用鞋子压死了虫子。

C2 adjective /ˈɡlʌt.ən.əs/

gluttonous

贪吃的

Meaning

Excessively greedy in eating or consuming.

Example

His gluttonous appetite shocked everyone at the dinner table.

他贪吃的胃口让餐桌上的每个人都感到震惊。

C1 noun /ˈʃæmbəlz/

shambles

一片混乱

Meaning

a state of complete disorder or ruin

Example

After the storm, the whole town was in shambles.

风暴过后，整个城镇陷入了一片混乱。

C1 noun ˌdiː.sen.trə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

decentralization

分权

Meaning

The transfer of authority from central to local government.

Example

Decentralization promotes regional autonomy.

分权促进区域自治。

C1 noun /ˌspɒn.təˈneɪ.ɪ.ti/

spontaneity

自发性

Meaning

The quality of being spontaneous; natural and unplanned behavior.

Example

His spontaneity makes him a great conversationalist.

他的自发性使他成为一个很棒的对话者。

A1 noun /taʊn/

town

城镇

Meaning

a human settlement smaller than a city

Example

The town was quiet on Sundays.

镇子在星期天很安静。

C1 noun /ˈkɑːrtrɪdʒ/

cartridge

墨盒

Meaning

A container holding a substance or device, such as ink for printers or bullets for firearms.

Example

The printer stopped working because the ink cartridge was empty.

打印机停止工作，因为墨盒已空。

A2 noun /pɪn/

pin

别针

Meaning

a small thin piece of metal used to fasten or hold things together

Example

She used a pin to attach the note to the board.

她用别针把纸条固定在黑板上。

C2 adjective /bəˈnɛfɪsənt/

beneficent

仁慈的, 慷慨的

Meaning

generous or doing good

Example

The beneficent leader donated funds to build a hospital.

仁慈的领导人捐赠了资金以建造医院。

B2 adjective /ˈpɔɪ.zən.əs/

Poisonous

有毒的; 毒性; 致命的

Meaning

containing poison; toxic; deadly

Example

The snake is highly poisonous and dangerous.

这条蛇非常有毒且危险。

B2 adverb /ʌnˈkaɪndli/

unkindly

残忍地

Meaning

in a cruel, harsh, or unsympathetic manner

Example

She spoke unkindly about her colleague during the meeting.

她在会议期间残忍地谈论了她的同事。

C2 adjective /ˌdeɪ.kɒlˈteɪ/

decollete

低胸的服装

Meaning

of a woman's dress or top, cut low so as to reveal the neck and upper chest

Example

She wore a decollete gown to the party.

她穿着低胸裙子参加了派对。

B1 verb /tɛmpt/

tempt

诱惑

Meaning

to entice or attract someone to do something, often something wrong or unwise

Example

The smell of fresh bread tempted him to enter the bakery.

新鲜面包的味道引诱他走进了面包店。

C2 noun /ɔːl/

awl

锥子

Meaning

a small pointed tool used for making holes, especially in leather

Example

The cobbler used an awl to punch holes in the leather.

鞋匠用锥子在皮革上打孔。

C2 noun /ɡɜːrθ/

girth

周长

Meaning

the measurement around the middle of something, especially a person's waist or a tree trunk

Example

The tree's girth measured nearly five feet.

树的周长测量接近五英尺。

B2 noun ˈɡeɪm.pleɪ

gameplay

游戏玩法

Meaning

The tactical aspects of a game, such as its plot and the way it is played.

Example

The team's gameplay was innovative.

该队的游戏玩法具有创新性。

B2 noun /traɪb/

tribe

部落

Meaning

a social group consisting of people with common customs, language, and culture

Example

The tribe lived in harmony with nature.

部落与大自然和谐共处。

B1 adjective /brɔːd/

Broad

宽广的; 广阔的; 覆盖大面积的

Meaning

wide; extensive; covering a large area

Example

The river is very broad at this point.

这条河在这一点上非常宽广。

B2 adjective /ˈdʒuːɪʃ/

jewish

幸福

Meaning

relating to Jews or Judaism

Example

They celebrate Jewish festivals every year.

她收到奖项时无法掩饰她的幸福。

B2 noun /ˈdʒæn.ɪ.tər/

Janitor

清洁工, 看门人

Meaning

a person employed to clean and maintain a building; a caretaker

Example

The school janitor worked late every evening to ensure the classrooms were spotless.

学校的清洁工每天晚上都工作到很晚，以确保教室保持干净。

C1 adjective ˌɜː.ɡəˈnɒm.ɪk

ergonomic

人体工学设计

Meaning

Designed for efficiency and comfort in the working environment; user-friendly and reducing strain.

Example

The chair has an ergonomic design for better posture.

这把椅子有一个人体工学设计，能保持更好的姿势。

B2 noun /ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

justification

辩解

Meaning

a reason, explanation, or excuse that shows something is right or reasonable

Example

There is no justification for such rude behavior.

对这种粗鲁行为没有辩解。

C2 verb /ˈbækbaɪt/

backbite

背后说坏话

Meaning

to speak negatively about someone who is not present; to slander behind someone’s back

Example

It is wrong to backbite your colleagues behind their backs.

在背后说同事的坏话是不对的。

B2 noun /strɔː/

straw

稻草或吸管

Meaning

a thin tube for sucking up liquids; dried stalks of grain plants

Example

She drank the juice through a straw.

她通过吸管喝了果汁。

B2 adjective /ˈaɪ.dəl/

Idle

懒惰的; 不活跃的; 没有工作的

Meaning

lazy; inactive; not working or being used

Example

The factory workers were idle during the strike.

工厂工人在罢工期间闲置。

B2 noun /bʌd/

Bud

花苞

Meaning

An undeveloped or immature flower before it opens

Example

The rose bud will bloom into a beautiful flower in a few days.

玫瑰花苞将在几天内绽放成一朵美丽的花。

C1 noun /ˌkɔr.diˈæl.ɪ.ti/

Cordiality

热情; 友善

Meaning

sincere affection and kindness; warm and friendly behavior

Example

The host's cordiality made all the guests feel welcome and comfortable.

主人的热情使所有客人都感到受欢迎和舒适。

B2 noun /ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ/

counseling

咨询

Meaning

professional guidance or therapy to help resolve personal or psychological problems

Example

She decided to go for counseling after feeling stressed for months.

在感到几个月的压力后，她决定去咨询。

C1 verb /əbˈdʌkt/

abduct

绑架

Meaning

to take someone away illegally by force or deception

Example

The criminal tried to abduct the child in broad daylight.

罪犯试图在光天化日之下绑架那个孩子。

A2 noun /ˈdiː.teɪl/

detail

细节

Meaning

An individual feature, fact, or item of information.

Example

She explained the plan in great detail.

她详细解释了计划。

B2 noun /həˈraɪ.zən/

horizon

地平线

Meaning

the line where the earth seems to meet the sky; the limit of one's knowledge, experience, or interest

Example

The sun disappeared below the horizon.

太阳消失在地平线下。

C1 adjective /ˈfrɪvələs/

frivolous

轻浮

Meaning

Not having any serious purpose or value; silly or unimportant.

Example

She dismissed the frivolous complaint quickly.

她迅速驳回了这个轻浮的投诉。

C1 noun /ˈtrɪkstər/

trickster

骗子

Meaning

A person who cheats or deceives people.

Example

The old man turned out to be a clever trickster who fooled everyone.

那位老人竟然是个聪明的骗子，骗了所有人。

C2 noun /ˈɒbsɪkwiːz/

obsequies

葬礼仪式

Meaning

Funeral rites or ceremonies.

Example

The obsequies for the late leader drew thousands of mourners.

已故领导人的葬礼吸引了成千上万的哀悼者。

C2 verb /dɪˈskraɪ/

descry

远远看到

Meaning

to catch sight of something, especially something distant or obscure

Example

From the hilltop, they descried a small village in the distance.

从山顶上，他们看见了远处的一个小村庄。

C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

discerning

有洞察力的

Meaning

having good judgment or insight; able to distinguish well

Example

He is a discerning reader who notices subtle details.

他是一个有洞察力的读者，能注意到细微的细节。

C2 adjective /ˈnɛtlˌsʌm/

nettlesome

令人烦恼的

Meaning

Causing irritation, annoyance, or difficulty.

Example

The nettlesome rules frustrated the workers.

令人烦恼的规则让工人们感到沮丧。

B1 adjective /ˈfɔːrmər/

former

前任

Meaning

Having been previously in a particular role or position.

Example

He is a former president of the association.

他是该协会的前任主席。

C1 noun /kuː/

coup

政变

Meaning

a sudden, decisive action that brings about a change, especially in government

Example

The military staged a coup to overthrow the existing regime.

军队发动了一次政变，推翻了现有政权。

C1 adjective /moʊv/

mauve

浅紫色

Meaning

a pale purple color with a grayish or bluish tinge

Example

She wore a beautiful mauve dress to the party.

她穿着一件漂亮的浅紫色连衣裙参加了聚会。

A2 noun /ʌmˈbrɛlə/

umbrella

伞

Meaning

A device used for protection against rain or sun, typically consisting of a collapsible canopy mounted on a central rod.

Example

She opened her umbrella as it started to rain.

下雨时她打开了她的伞。

C1 verb ɪˈræd.ɪ.keɪt

eradicate

根除

Meaning

To destroy completely; to put an end to something undesirable.

Example

Vaccination programs help eradicate infectious diseases.

疫苗接种计划帮助根除传染性疾病。

C2 verb /koʊˈæɡjəˌleɪt/

coagulate

凝结

Meaning

to cause a liquid, especially blood, to change into a solid or semi-solid state

Example

The blood quickly coagulated after the cut.

伤口后血液迅速凝结。

A1 noun /roʊd/

road

道路

Meaning

a wide way leading from one place to another

Example

We drove along the road to the village.

我们沿着这条路开车去村庄。

B2 noun (plural) /ˈtæk.tɪks/

tactics

战术

Meaning

specific methods or actions used to achieve a goal, especially in military or competition

Example

The team changed their tactics to win the game.

团队改变了他们的战术以赢得比赛。

C1 noun /ˈɔr.i.ənt/

Orient

东方，尤其是东亚国家

Meaning

the East, especially countries of eastern Asia; to determine one's position or direction

Example

Many spices come from the Orient.

许多香料来自东方。

B1 noun /ˈmɪs.tər.i/

Mystery

谜; 无法理解的事情

Meaning

something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain

Example

The disappearance of the plane remains a mystery.

飞机失踪仍然是一个谜。

B1 noun /piːtʃ/

Peach

桃子

Meaning

a soft round fruit with fuzzy skin, sweet flesh, and a large pit in the center

Example

The peach was perfectly ripe and juicy when I bit into it.

桃子成熟且多汁，当我咬下去时，口感极佳。

C1 adjective /ˈmɒnstrəs/

Monstrous

极其大的; 令人震惊的邪恶或错误; 不正常或不自然

Meaning

extremely large; shockingly evil or wrong; abnormal or unnatural

Example

The monstrous crime shocked the entire community.

那个怪异的罪行震惊了整个社区。

C1 noun /koʊlt/

Colt

小马驹

Meaning

a young male horse, especially one under four years old

Example

The farmer trained the young colt to accept a saddle.

农民训练年轻的小马驹来接受马鞍。

C2 noun /ɪnˈɡrætɪˌtjuːd/

ingratitude

忘恩负义

Meaning

Lack of gratitude; failure to show thanks or appreciation.

Example

His ingratitude hurt her feelings after all she had done for him.

他的忘恩负义伤害了她的感情，尽管她为他做了这么多。

表面; 上层

Meaning

the outside part or uppermost layer of something

Example

The submarine emerged to the surface of the ocean.

潜水艇浮出海面。