Spineless
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C1 adjective /ˈspaɪn.ləs/

Spineless

缺乏勇气; 意志薄弱; 胆小
Meaning
lacking courage or determination; weak-willed
Example
He was too spineless to stand up for his beliefs.
他太软弱，无法为自己的信仰站出来。
C2 noun /ˈbɪvuˌæk/

bivouac

临时营地
Meaning
a temporary camp without tents or cover, usually used by soldiers or mountaineers
Example
The climbers set up a bivouac on the mountainside.
登山者在山坡上搭建了一个临时营地。
C2 noun /ˌæv.oʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/

avocation

副业
Meaning
a hobby or minor occupation pursued in addition to one's main work
Example
Painting is his avocation after office hours.
绘画是他下班后的副业。
C1 noun /ˈhɜː.mɪt/

Hermit

作为宗教修行生活在孤独中的人；远离社会的人
Meaning
a person living in solitude as a religious discipline; someone who withdraws from society
Example
The old hermit lived alone in a small cabin deep in the mountains, away from civilization.
这位年老的隐士住在山中的一间小屋里，远离文明。
B1 adjective /ʌnˈmærid/

unmarried

未婚
Meaning
Not married; single.
Example
He is thirty-five and still unmarried.
他三十五岁，仍然未婚。
A2 adverb /ˈbjuːtɪfəli/

beautifully

优美地
Meaning
in a beautiful or pleasing manner; excellently or skillfully
Example
She sang beautifully at the concert.
她在音乐会上唱得很优美。
C1 verb, noun /sæp/

sap

树液 / 削弱
Meaning
As a noun: the vital fluid in plants; As a verb: to gradually weaken or drain strength.
Example
The long journey began to sap his energy.
长途旅行开始削弱他的能量。
A2 noun ˈpaʊ.ər

power

权力
Meaning
The ability or capacity to do something or act in a particular way; authority.
Example
Power distribution ensures efficiency.
权力分配确保效率。
C1 verb /ˈiːkwəlaɪz/

equalize

平衡
Meaning
To make equal or level in status, value, or amount.
Example
The team equalized the score in the last minute.
团队在最后一分钟将比分扳平。
C1 noun/verb /tɔːrˈpiːdoʊ/

torpedo

鱼雷
Meaning
A self-propelled underwater missile; to attack or destroy something suddenly and forcefully.
Example
The submarine launched a torpedo at the enemy ship.
潜艇向敌舰发射了鱼雷。
B2 noun /ˈlaɪf.taɪm/

lifetime

一生
Meaning
The duration of a person's life or the existence of something.
Example
She achieved more in her lifetime than most people dream of.
她在一生中取得的成就，超出了大多数人的梦想。
C1 adjective /ˌɪməˈtɪəriəl/

immaterial

无关紧要
Meaning
Not important or relevant; lacking physical substance.
Example
The judge ruled that the argument was immaterial to the case.
法官裁定，该论点与案件无关。
C1 verb koʊˈɜrs

coerce

强迫
Meaning
To force someone to do something against their will using threats or intimidation.
Example
The manager tried to coerce the employees into working overtime.
经理试图迫使员工加班。
C1 verb, noun /ˈbʌsəl/

bustle

喧嚣, 忙碌
Meaning
to move in an energetic or noisy manner; busy activity in a place
Example
The marketplace bustled with vendors and customers.
市场充满了小贩和顾客。
C1 adjective /ˈθrɪfti/

thrifty

节俭
Meaning
using money and resources carefully and not wastefully
Example
She is very thrifty and always saves money for the future.
她非常节俭，总是为未来存钱。
C2 noun /mɪˈsɑːɡəmi/

misogamy

厌婚症
Meaning
Hatred or dislike of marriage.
Example
His misogamy prevented him from ever settling down with a partner.
他的厌婚症让他无法和伴侣定居下来。
B1 noun ˌhjuː.mən ˈraɪts

human rights

人权
Meaning
A right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person.
Example
Human rights protect individual freedoms.
人权保护个人自由。
C2 noun /ˈluːkər/

lucre

利润
Meaning
money, especially when regarded as sordid or gained dishonorably
Example
He was motivated more by lucre than by duty.
他更多的是由利润而不是责任驱动。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈspiːdiənt/

inexpedient

不合适
Meaning
Not advisable, suitable, or practical in the circumstances.
Example
It would be inexpedient to invest without proper research.
在没有适当研究的情况下进行投资是不合适的。
C1 verb /kəmˈpjuːt/

compute

计算
Meaning
To calculate or determine by using a computer or mathematical methods.
Example
The software can compute the total cost in seconds.
该软件可以在几秒钟内计算出总成本。
B2 adjective /əˈdɪktɪd/

addicted

上瘾的
Meaning
Being unable to stop engaging in a particular activity or consuming a particular substance.
Example
Many people are addicted to social media.
许多人上瘾于社交媒体。
B2 noun /ˈprɒs.pekts/

prospects

前景
Meaning
The possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring.
Example
The prospects for growth look promising.
增长的前景看起来很有前途。
B2 noun /pledʒ/

Pledge

承诺; 保证; 担保;
Meaning
a solemn promise or undertaking; something given as security for a loan; a commitment or guarantee
Example
He made a pledge to donate money to charity.
他承诺捐款给慈善机构。
C2 noun /ˈɛərəˌnɔːt/

aeronaut

气球飞行员
Meaning
A person who travels in an airship, balloon, or other aircraft.
Example
The aeronaut skillfully guided the hot-air balloon across the valley.
气球飞行员熟练地引导热气球穿过山谷。
A2 noun /ˈmʌʃ.ruːm/

Mushroom

蘑菇
Meaning
a type of fungus that can be eaten, often used in cooking
Example
The pizza was topped with fresh mushrooms.
披萨上撒上了新鲜的蘑菇。
B2 noun ˈtrækɪŋ ˈprɒɡrɛs

tracking progress

进度跟踪
Meaning
The process of monitoring and evaluating advancement towards goals or objectives.
Example
Regular tracking progress helps in achieving long-term goals.
定期跟踪进度有助于实现长期目标。
C2 adjective /ænˈhaɪdrəs/

anhydrous

Meaning
Containing no water.
Example
The chemist used anhydrous ammonia for the experiment.
C1 noun /ˈkɪŋ.fɪʃ.ər/

King-Fisher

翠鸟
Meaning
a small bird with bright blue and orange feathers that catches fish by diving into water
Example
The colorful kingfisher dove into the pond to catch a fish.
五彩斑斓的翠鸟潜入池塘抓鱼。
C1 adjective /ˈdaʊ.ər/

dour

严厉
Meaning
relentlessly severe, stern, or gloomy in manner or appearance
Example
His dour expression made the meeting uncomfortable.
他严厉的表情让会议变得不舒服。
C1 noun /ˈrem.nənt/

Remnant

残余
Meaning
a small remaining quantity of something; a piece of cloth left over after the main piece has been used
Example
Only a remnant of the ancient wall remains.
古老的墙只剩下残余。
C1 noun /ˈænəɡræm/

anagram

通过重新排列另一个单词或短语的字母而形成的单词或短语。
Meaning
A word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of another word or phrase.
Example
The word 'listen' is an anagram of 'silent'.
'listen' 是 'silent' 的变位词。
C2 noun ˌpɜː.pɪˈtʃuː.ɪ.ti

perpetuity

永恒，永久性，连续性
Meaning
Permanence, eternity, continuity.
Example
The contract ensures payments in perpetuity.
合同保证永续付款。
C2 noun /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡrəfi/

lexicography

词典编纂学
Meaning
The art or practice of compiling dictionaries.
Example
Lexicography requires both linguistic and cultural knowledge.
词典编纂学需要语言学和文化知识。
C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪm.ləs/

Shameless

无耻的
Meaning
having no shame; bold and rude; impudent
Example
The shameless politician refused to apologize for his mistakes.
那个无耻的政治家拒绝为他的错误道歉。
C1 noun /ˈʃæpəroʊn/

chaperon

陪伴者
Meaning
An older person who accompanies and supervises young people in social situations.
Example
The teacher acted as a chaperon during the school dance.
老师在学校舞会期间担任了陪伴者的角色。
A2 noun /æd/

ad

广告
Meaning
a notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, or event
Example
The company released a new ad for their smartphone.
公司发布了他们智能手机的新广告。
B2 adjective kənˈsaɪs

concise

简洁
Meaning
Brief and clearly expressed without unnecessary details.
Example
A concise speech is more impactful than a long one.
简洁的演讲比冗长的演讲更有影响力。
B2 adjective /əˈkuːstɪk/

acoustic

Meaning
relating to sound or the sense of hearing; not amplified by electrical means
Example
We recorded an acoustic version of the song in a quiet room.
B2 adjective /ˌʌnkənˈvɛnʃənl/

unconventional

非传统的
Meaning
not based on or conforming to what is generally done or believed
Example
Her unconventional approach to teaching inspired her students to think creatively.
她非传统的教学方法激发了学生的创造性思维。
B2 adverb /ˈneɪmli/

Namely

即; 特别是;
Meaning
that is to say; specifically; to be precise
Example
Three cities, namely Paris, London, and Rome, were visited.
三个城市，即巴黎、伦敦和罗马，被参观。
C1 noun /blɒˈkeɪd/

Blockade

封锁
Meaning
an act or means of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving
Example
The naval blockade prevented supplies from reaching the port.
海军封锁阻止了物资到达港口。
C1 adverb /ˈnɔːθwədz/

Northwards

向北
Meaning
towards the north; in a northerly direction
Example
The birds migrate northwards in spring.
鸟类在春天向北迁徙。
C2 noun /mɪˈsænθrəpi/

misanthropy

厌人症
Meaning
a general dislike, distrust, or hatred of humankind
Example
His misanthropy was evident in the way he avoided people.
他的厌人症在他回避人群的方式中显而易见。
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈʃædoʊ/

overshadow

掩盖
Meaning
to appear more important or significant than something else, reducing its impact
Example
The scandal overshadowed his achievements.
丑闻掩盖了他的成就。
C1 noun ɪnˌvaɪ.rənˈmen.təl ˌtræns.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən

environmental transformation

环境转型
Meaning
A significant change in environmental conditions or ecological systems.
Example
The city demonstrates environmental transformation.
这座城市展示了环境转型。
C2 adjective /ˈsʌb.æs.ɪd/

subacid

轻微酸
Meaning
Slightly sour or acidic in taste or nature.
Example
The fruit had a subacid flavor that was refreshing on a hot day.
这种水果有一种轻微酸的味道，在炎热的日子里非常清爽。
C1 verb /ɪnˈkæp.sjʊ.leɪt/

encapsulate

概括
Meaning
To express the essential features of something succinctly; to summarize or contain within.
Example
The introduction should encapsulate the main points of the article.
引言应该概括文章的主要观点。
C2 noun /dɪˈdʒɛnərəsi/

degeneracy

堕落
Meaning
The state of decline or deterioration, often in moral, cultural, or physical qualities.
Example
The novel portrays the moral degeneracy of a corrupt society.
这部小说描绘了一个腐化社会的道德堕落。
B2 noun /sloʊp/

Slope

坡; 倾斜的地面
Meaning
an inclined surface; a piece of ground that is not level
Example
We walked up the steep slope of the mountain.
我们走上了陡峭的山坡。
B2 noun /ˈbɒmər/

Bomber

轰炸机
Meaning
military aircraft designed to drop bombs on targets
Example
The bomber squadron flew over the city at dawn.
轰炸机中队在黎明时飞过城市。
B2 verb /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/

justify

辩护
Meaning
to show or prove that something is right or reasonable
Example
He tried to justify his decision with logical reasons.
他试图用逻辑的理由来为他的决定辩护。
C2 noun /ˈpriːsɛpt/

precept

教条
Meaning
A general rule intended to regulate behavior or thought.
Example
Honesty is a fundamental precept in all religions.
诚实是所有宗教中的一个基本教条。
C1 noun /ˌmiːtiəˈrɒlədʒi/

meteorology

气象学
Meaning
The scientific study of the atmosphere and weather.
Example
He chose to specialize in meteorology to study weather patterns.
他选择专攻气象学，以研究天气模式。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːtnəs/

incompleteness

不完整性
Meaning
the state of not being complete or whole; lack of necessary parts or fullness
Example
The incompleteness of the report caused delays in the project.
报告的不完整性导致了项目延误。
C1 verb /ɪnˈɡʌlf/

engulf

吞没
Meaning
to completely surround or cover something or someone
Example
The village was engulfed by floodwaters.
村庄被洪水吞没了。
C2 noun /næˈteɪʃən/

natation

游泳
Meaning
The act or sport of swimming.
Example
She took lessons in natation to improve her swimming skills.
她参加了游泳课程，以提高她的游泳技巧。
C1 noun rɪˌkuːpərˈeɪʃən

recuperation

恢复
Meaning
The process of gradually recovering from illness or fatigue
Example
Rest is essential for recuperation after illness.
休息对疾病后的恢复至关重要。
B2 noun /ɡoʊl ˈsɛt.ɪŋ/

goal-setting

目标设定
Meaning
The process of identifying something that you want to accomplish and establishing measurable objectives to achieve it.
Example
Effective goal-setting helps individuals stay focused and motivated.
有效的目标设定帮助个人保持专注和动力。
C1 noun /ləˈɡuːn/

lagoon

湖泊
Meaning
A shallow body of water separated from the sea by sandbars or reefs.
Example
We swam in the calm waters of the lagoon.
我们在湖泊的平静水域游泳。
B2 noun /ˈɡæmblɪŋ/

gambling

赌博
Meaning
the activity of betting money or valuables on an outcome, often involving risk
Example
He got addicted to gambling at the casino.
他在赌场上成瘾于赌博。
C1 verb /dɪsˈɡrʌntl/

disgruntle

使不满
Meaning
to make someone dissatisfied or discontented
Example
The unfair treatment disgruntled the workers.
不公平的待遇使工人感到不满。
B1 noun /ˈbraɪd.ɡrʊm/

Bridegroom

新郎
Meaning
a man on his wedding day or just before and after the event
Example
The nervous bridegroom waited at the altar for his bride to arrive.
紧张的新郎站在祭坛前等着他的新娘到来。
C1 noun /oʊˈveɪʃən/

ovation

掌声
Meaning
an enthusiastic show of approval, especially by clapping hands
Example
The actor received a standing ovation after his performance.
演员在表演后收到了站立的掌声。
B2 verb /ʌnˈtaɪ/

untie

解开
Meaning
to loosen or remove a knot or binding; to release something that is tied
Example
She untied the rope to free the boat.
她解开绳子来释放船只。
C2 noun /ˈbuːt.leɪs/

Boot-lace

靴带
Meaning
a cord or string used to fasten a boot or shoe
Example
I need to tie my boot-lace before going for a walk.
我需要在散步前系好我的靴带。
C1 noun /ˈsɛmbləns/

Semblance

表象; 外观
Meaning
the outward appearance or apparent form of something, especially when the reality is different
Example
There was only a semblance of order in the chaotic office.
在混乱的办公室里只有一种表象的秩序
A2 adjective /rɪtʃ/

Rich

富有的; 有钱的; 宝贵的
Meaning
having a lot of money or valuable possessions; abundant in nutrients or flavor
Example
The rich businessman donated money to the charity.
富有的商人向慈善捐款。
C2 adjective /ɑːlˈfæktəri/

olfactory

Meaning
Relating to the sense of smell.
Example
The perfume activated her olfactory nerves immediately.
B2 verb /səbˈmɪt/

submit

提交
Meaning
to present for consideration; to surrender; to yield
Example
Please submit your assignment by Friday.
请在周五之前提交您的作业。
C2 adjective /ˈtɪmərəs/

timorous

胆怯的
Meaning
showing or suffering from nervousness, fear, or lack of confidence
Example
The timorous student hesitated to ask the teacher a question.
那个胆怯的学生犹豫不决，没敢向老师提问。
B2 noun /ˌaɪ.səˈleɪ.ʃən/

Isolation

隔离
Meaning
the process or fact of isolating or being isolated; separation from other people or things
Example
The patient was kept in isolation to prevent the spread of the infectious disease.
病人被隔离，以防止传染病的传播。
C1 noun /ɡlɔːs/

Gloss

一层光亮或光滑的表面; 唇部光泽
Meaning
a shiny or lustrous surface finish; a superficially attractive appearance; lip gloss
Example
She applied a clear gloss to her lips to give them a shiny, healthy appearance.
她在嘴唇上涂上透明光泽，让它们看起来光亮健康。
C1 adjective /ˈfɪk.əl/

Fickle

多变的; 不稳定的; 善变的;
Meaning
changeable; inconstant; liable to sudden unpredictable change
Example
His fickle nature made it hard to trust his promises.
他那多变的个性使得信任他的承诺变得困难。
C2 noun /ˈdɛvɪlri/

devilry

恶作剧
Meaning
Wicked or cruel behavior; mischievous actions.
Example
The children were full of devilry on Halloween night.
万圣节那天，孩子们充满了恶作剧。
C1 verb /ˈkæp.saɪz/

capsize

翻覆
Meaning
to overturn in the water
Example
The small fishing boat capsized during the storm.
小渔船在风暴中翻覆。
C1 adverb spɒnˈteɪnɪəsli

spontaneously

自发地
Meaning
In a spontaneous way; naturally and without planning or external cause.
Example
Children learn spontaneously through peer interactions.
孩子们通过与同龄人的互动，自发地学习。
A2 noun /kaɪt/

Kite

秃鹰
Meaning
a bird of prey with long wings and a forked tail; also a toy flown in the air
Example
The kite soared high above the fields looking for prey.
风筝高高飞过田野寻找猎物。
C1 noun /ˈjuːlədʒi/

eulogy

悼词
Meaning
A speech or piece of writing that praises someone, especially after their death.
Example
Her brother delivered a heartfelt eulogy at the funeral.
她的哥哥在葬礼上发表了感人的悼词。
C2 noun /ˌdɛspəˈrɑːdoʊ/

desperado

Meaning
A bold, reckless, or dangerous person, often a criminal.
Example
The sheriff was determined to capture the desperado who terrorized the town.
C1 noun /ænˈθɒlədʒi/

anthology

选集
Meaning
A collection of literary works, such as poems, short stories, or essays, compiled into one volume.
Example
She contributed a poem to the new poetry anthology.
她为新的诗歌选集贡献了一首诗。
B1 adjective /ˈlaɪv.li/

Lively

充满活力的; 活泼的; 快乐的
Meaning
full of life and energy; animated; cheerful
Example
The children had a lively discussion about their favorite books.
孩子们就他们最喜欢的书进行了充满活力的讨论。
C1 noun /ˈpɪt.əns/

pittance

微薄收入
Meaning
a very small or inadequate amount of money
Example
She worked long hours for a mere pittance.
她为了微薄收入工作了很长时间。
C1 noun /ˈmælɪs/

Malice

恶意; 仇恨; 敌意;
Meaning
The intention or desire to do evil; ill will
Example
There was no malice in his criticism, just honest feedback.
他的批评中没有恶意，只是诚实的反馈。
B1 adjective kəˈmɜː.ʃəl

commercial

商业
Meaning
Concerned with or engaged in commerce; having profit as a primary aim rather than artistic or other value.
Example
Commercial hubs attract investments.
商业中心吸引投资。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

incitement

煽动
Meaning
the action of provoking unlawful or violent behavior
Example
He was arrested for incitement to riot.
他因煽动暴乱被逮捕。
C2 verb /ɪˈmjʊər/

immure

囚禁
Meaning
to confine or enclose someone against their will
Example
The prisoner was immured in a dark cell.
囚犯被禁闭在一个黑暗的牢房里。
C1 noun, verb /səˈpiːnə/

subpoena

传票
Meaning
a legal document ordering someone to attend court; to summon someone with such a document
Example
The witness received a subpoena to appear in court next week.
证人收到了传票，要求下周出庭。
A1 adjective /bɪɡ/

big

大
Meaning
large in size, extent, or importance
Example
They moved into a big house with plenty of space.
他们搬进了一座大房子，那里有很多空间。
C1 verb /kəˈpɪtjʊˌleɪt/

capitulate

投降
Meaning
to surrender or give in after resisting
Example
The army had no choice but to capitulate to the enemy.
军队别无选择，只能投降于敌人。
B2 noun /prəˈvaɪdər/

provider

供应商
Meaning
a person or thing that provides something.
Example
The service provider ensures that all customers receive timely support.
服务供应商确保所有客户及时获得支持。
C2 noun /mɪlk raɪs/

Milk rice

牛奶饭
Meaning
A sweet dessert made from rice cooked with milk and sugar
Example
My grandmother makes delicious milk rice for special occasions.
我的祖母为特殊场合做美味的牛奶饭。
C2 noun /hʌsk/

husk

外壳
Meaning
the dry outer covering of some fruits or seeds
Example
The corn husk was peeled away before cooking.
玉米的外壳在烹饪前被剥离。
C2 adjective /ˈkʌsɪd/

cussed

倔强
Meaning
Annoyingly stubborn or difficult.
Example
He was too cussed to admit his mistake.
他太倔强，无法承认自己的错误。
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌbɛərz/

forebears

祖先
Meaning
Ancestors or people in previous generations from whom one is descended.
Example
We must honor the traditions of our forebears.
我们必须尊重我们祖先的传统。
B1 noun fʌnd

fund

基金
Meaning
A sum of money saved or made available for a particular purpose.
Example
The government allocated a fund for disaster relief.
政府为灾难救援设立了一个基金。
B2 noun /ɡræm/

Gram

鹰嘴豆
Meaning
chickpea; a leguminous plant and its edible seed
Example
She cooked gram curry for lunch today.
她今天为午餐做了鹰嘴豆咖喱。
C2 adjective /ˈbiːstiəl/

bestial

兽性
Meaning
Relating to beasts; showing savagery, brutality, or lacking human sensibility.
Example
The prisoners were treated in a bestial manner.
囚犯们以野兽般的方式被对待。
C1 noun /səˈnɑːtə/

sonata

音乐作品 (奏鸣曲)
Meaning
A musical composition for one or more instruments, typically in several movements.
Example
She performed a beautiful Beethoven sonata on the piano.
她在钢琴上演奏了贝多芬的美丽奏鸣曲。
B1 noun /ˈpæsɪdʒ/

passage

狭窄的通道; 片段/引用; 从一个状态或地方到另一个的过程
Meaning
a narrow way through or between; a section of text or music; the process of moving from one state or place to another
Example
The narrow passage led from the courtyard to the library.
狭窄的通道从庭院通向图书馆。
C2 noun /ˈɒrɪz(ə)n/

orison

祷告
Meaning
a prayer, especially a devout or formal one
Example
He whispered a quiet orison before going to sleep.
他在睡觉前低声祈祷。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/

incipient

初期的
Meaning
in an initial stage; beginning to develop
Example
The incipient storm made the sky turn dark and heavy.
初期的风暴使天空变得阴暗而沉重。
C2 noun /fluːk/

fluke

侥幸
Meaning
A stroke of luck; an unexpected piece of good fortune.
Example
Winning the lottery was a complete fluke.
中彩票简直就是一次完全的侥幸。
C1 noun /ˈken.əl/

Kennel

狗舍; 养犬或寄养犬的场所
Meaning
a small shelter for a dog; an establishment for the breeding or boarding of dogs
Example
The dog slept comfortably in his wooden kennel in the backyard.
狗狗在后院的木狗舍里舒适地睡着了。
B1 noun /prəʊ/

pro

职业选手
Meaning
a professional, especially in sports; or a person who is in favor of something
Example
He plays tennis like a pro.
他像职业选手一样打网球。
B1 adjective /ˈrel.ə.tɪv/

Relative

相对的
Meaning
considered in comparison to something else; not absolute; comparative
Example
The cost of living is relative to your income level.
生活成本相对于你的收入水平。
C1 verb /əkˈsɛntʃueɪt/

accentuate

强调
Meaning
to emphasize or make something more noticeable
Example
The lighting accentuated the beauty of the painting.
灯光突出了画作的美感。
C1 adjective /ˈɡruːəlɪŋ/

grueling

艰苦的
Meaning
Extremely tiring and demanding.
Example
The athletes faced a grueling training session.
运动员面对着艰苦的训练课程。
C1 adjective /ˈfaɪ.naɪt/

Finite

有限的; 有边界的
Meaning
limited; having bounds or limits; not infinite
Example
Earth has finite natural resources.
地球有有限的自然资源。
B2 adjective /ˌfʌndəˈmɛntl/

fundamental

Meaning
forming a necessary base or core; of central importance
Example
Honesty is a fundamental principle of good leadership.
C1 verb /dɪˈɡreɪd/

degrade

Meaning
To lower in dignity, quality, or value; to treat with disrespect or to deteriorate.
Example
Harsh words can degrade a person's confidence.
C2 noun /ˈlɪθəˌɡræf/

lithograph

石版画 (石头印刷)
Meaning
a print made by lithography, often artistic
Example
The museum displayed a rare lithograph from the 19th century.
博物馆展示了一幅19世纪的稀有石版画。
C1 noun /pərˈveɪər/

purveyor

Meaning
a person or business that supplies goods, services, or information
Example
He is a well-known purveyor of fine wines.
A2 noun /ˈmiːdiə/

Media

媒体
Meaning
The main means of mass communication regarded collectively
Example
The news was widely reported in all forms of media.
新闻在所有形式的媒体中被广泛报道。
B2 adjective /ˈniː.di/

Needy

贫困的; 需要帮助的; 缺乏基本生活必需品的
Meaning
requiring help or support; poor; lacking basic necessities
Example
The charity helps needy families during the winter.
慈善在冬季帮助贫困家庭。
C1 noun /ˈviːəməns/

Vehemence

强烈; 感情或表达的强度
Meaning
great forcefulness or intensity of feeling or expression; passionate conviction
Example
He argued with such vehemence that everyone was surprised.
他辩论时的强烈情感让每个人都感到吃惊。
C1 verb /sɪˈsiːd/

secede

脱离
Meaning
To formally withdraw from a political or organizational union.
Example
Several states threatened to secede from the union.
几个州威胁要脱离联邦。
B1 noun /ˈklaɪənt/

client

客户
Meaning
A person or organization using the services of a professional or company.
Example
The lawyer met with her client to discuss the case.
律师会见了她的客户，讨论案件
B2 noun /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/

expertise

专业知识
Meaning
Expert knowledge or skill in a particular area.
Example
His expertise in graphic design is widely recognized.
他的图形设计专业知识被广泛认可。
C2 adjective ˌmɔː.fəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl

morphological

与词汇结构和构成有关
Meaning
Related to the structure and formation of words; concerning morphology in linguistics.
Example
Morphological analysis helps AI understand word structures.
形态学分析帮助人工智能理解单词结构。
C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈlɒk/

interlock

互锁
Meaning
to fit or connect together securely so that two or more things are joined
Example
The gears interlock to ensure smooth movement of the machine.
齿轮相互啮合，确保机器的平稳运行。
C1 adverb /əˈraɪ/

awry

出错
Meaning
away from the expected or proper direction; wrong or amiss
Example
The plan went awry when the weather suddenly changed.
计划在天气突然变化时出了问题。