Small Effort
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B2 noun smɔːl ˈɛfərt

Small Effort

小努力
Meaning
Minor actions or initiatives that can collectively make a significant impact.
Example
Small efforts can bring big changes in butterfly conservation.
小努力可以带来蝴蝶保护中的巨大变化。
B2 adjective /ɪˈrɛləvənt/

Irrelevant

不相关的
Meaning
not connected with or relevant to something; having no bearing on the matter
Example
Your past mistakes are irrelevant to this discussion.
你过去的错误与这个讨论无关。
C1 verb /wɪðˈhoʊld/

withhold

扣留
Meaning
to refuse to give or keep back something
Example
The company decided to withhold his bonus.
公司决定扣留他的奖金。
C2 verb /ˈhɑːrkən/

hearken

专心听
Meaning
To listen attentively; to give heed.
Example
He would hearken to his mentor’s advice before making decisions.
他在做决定之前，会专心听导师的建议。
A2 noun/adjective /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

german

德语
Meaning
relating to Germany, its people, or its language
Example
She is learning German to study abroad.
她正在学习德语以便出国留学。
B1 noun /ˈwɔːtərfɔːl/

Waterfall

Meaning
a cascade of water falling from a height, formed when a river or stream flows over a precipice or steep incline
Example
The magnificent waterfall attracts thousands of tourists every year.
C1 noun /ˈfʌŋɡəs/

fungus

真菌
Meaning
a spore-producing organism feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, and mushrooms
Example
A strange fungus was growing on the old tree.
一种奇怪的真菌在老树上生长。
C1 adjective /sɪˈkluːdɪd/

secluded

隐蔽的
Meaning
Placed apart from other people or things; private and quiet.
Example
They spent their vacation in a secluded beach house.
他们在一个隐蔽的海滩小屋度过了假期。
C1 noun /ˌres.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Recitation

朗诵
Meaning
the action of reciting or repeating aloud from memory
Example
The poetry recitation contest was held in the auditorium.
诗歌朗诵比赛在礼堂举行。
C1 adjective /əbˈzɜːrvənt/

Observant

观察力强的
Meaning
quick to notice things; watchful; attentive
Example
The observant detective noticed every small detail at the crime scene.
观察力强的侦探注意到了犯罪现场的每个细节。
C1 noun ˌɔːɡ.menˈteɪ.ʃən

augmentation

增加或扩展
Meaning
Increasing quantity, power or performance.
Example
The company invested in the augmentation of its workforce.
公司投资于增强其劳动力。
C2 adjective /dʒɪˈdʒuːn/

jejune

幼稚 / 浅薄 / 无趣
Meaning
Naive, simplistic, and superficial; also dull or uninteresting.
Example
The professor dismissed the essay as jejune and lacking depth.
教授把这篇文章视为幼稚且缺乏深度，予以拒绝。
C1 adjective /ˌruː.dɪˈmen.tər.i/

Rudimentary

基本的; 初级的; 不完全发展的; 发展初期阶段的
Meaning
basic; elementary; undeveloped; in the earliest stage of development
Example
She has only rudimentary knowledge of French.
她对法语的了解只是初步的。
B2 adjective, noun /ədˈvaɪzəri/

advisory

咨询性的
Meaning
(adjective) having the power to give advice but not to make sure that it is followed; (noun) an official announcement containing information or a warning
Example
The committee serves in an advisory capacity to the board of directors.
委员会在董事会中担任咨询性职能。
A2 verb /kəˈlɛkt/

collect

收集
Meaning
to gather together; to accumulate items
Example
I collect stamps as a hobby.
我把收集邮票作为一种爱好。
C2 noun /slaɪt/

sleight

技巧
Meaning
Skill or dexterity, especially in performing tricks.
Example
The magician amazed the crowd with his sleight of hand.
魔术师用他的技巧惊艳了观众。
A2 adjective /ˈɛvrideɪ/

everyday

日常
Meaning
common or ordinary; occurring daily
Example
These shoes are perfect for everyday use.
这些鞋子非常适合日常使用。
B1 noun /ˈeər fɔːrs/

Air force

空军
Meaning
the military organization of a country that uses aircraft for fighting
Example
The air force conducted a training exercise over the mountains.
空军在山脉上空进行了一次训练演习。
C2 adjective /ˈtaɪmwɔːrn/

timeworn

被时间磨损
Meaning
Worn or impaired by age; old and used many times.
Example
The timeworn house carried a sense of history and nostalgia.
被时间磨损的房子带着历史和怀旧的感觉。
C2 noun /ˌfɑːsfəˈrɛsəns/

phosphorescence

磷光
Meaning
the property of emitting light without noticeable heat
Example
The deep-sea creatures displayed a beautiful phosphorescence.
深海生物展示了美丽的磷光。
C1 verb /ˌaʊtˈweɪ/

outweigh

比...更重要
Meaning
To be more important, valuable, or significant than something else.
Example
The benefits of the new policy outweigh the risks.
新政策的好处超过了风险。
A2 adverb; noun /ˌaʊtˈdɔːrz/

outdoors

在户外
Meaning
outside a building; the natural environment outside
Example
We spent the whole afternoon outdoors enjoying the fresh air.
我们整个下午都在户外享受新鲜空气。
C2 adjective /ˈfʊl.dʒənt/

fulgent

闪耀
Meaning
Shining brightly; dazzling.
Example
The fulgent stars lit up the night sky.
闪耀的星星照亮了夜空。
C1 adjective /dɪˈreɪndʒd/

deranged

疯狂
Meaning
mentally disturbed or insane; behaving irrationally
Example
The deranged man shouted nonsense in the street.
那个疯狂的人在街上大喊胡言乱语。
C2 noun /ˌkɔːrnjuˈkoʊpiə/

cornucopia

某物的丰盈或溢出的供应
Meaning
an abundance or overflowing supply of something
Example
The festival offered a cornucopia of fruits and sweets.
节日提供了丰盛的水果和糖果。
B2 noun /ˈɪɡ.nər.əns/

Ignorance

无知
Meaning
lack of knowledge or information; the state of being uninformed about something
Example
His ignorance about basic computer skills made it difficult for him to find a job.
他对基本计算机技能的无知使他很难找到工作。
B1 adjective /ɪˈsɛnʃəl/

essential

必要的
Meaning
Absolutely necessary; extremely important.
Example
Water is essential for life.
水对生命至关重要。
C1 verb /ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪt/

mitigate

缓解
Meaning
To make less severe, serious, or painful; to lessen the severity of damage or harm.
Example
Proper planning can mitigate financial risks.
适当的规划可以缓解财务风险。
B2 noun /kəˈmɒ.dɪ.tiz/

commodities

商品
Meaning
Raw materials or primary agricultural products that can be bought and sold.
Example
The prices of commodities like oil and gold fluctuate frequently.
像石油和黄金这样的商品价格经常波动。
C2 noun /ˈæl.ɪ.mənt/

aliment

食物
Meaning
food or nourishment that sustains life
Example
Fruits and vegetables are important aliments for a healthy body.
水果和蔬菜是维持健康身体的重要食物。
A2 noun /flʌd/

Flood

洪水
Meaning
an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits
Example
The heavy rain caused a flood in the village.
暴雨导致村庄发生了洪水。
C1 noun /ˈfɪʃˌmʌŋ.ɡər/

fishmonger

卖鱼人
Meaning
a person or store that sells fish
Example
I bought fresh salmon from the local fishmonger.
我从当地的卖鱼人那里买了新鲜的三文鱼。
C1 noun ˌflʌk.tʃuˈeɪ.ʃən

fluctuation

波动
Meaning
An irregular rising and falling in number or amount; a variation.
Example
The stock market experiences frequent fluctuation.
股市经常经历波动。
C1 verb /ˈdaʊn.pleɪ/

downplay

淡化
Meaning
to make something seem less important than it really is
Example
The company tried to downplay the risks of the new product.
公司试图淡化新产品的风险。
C2 adjective /ˈsɒmnələnt/

somnolent

昏昏欲睡
Meaning
Sleepy or drowsy; causing a desire to sleep.
Example
The somnolent lecture made half the class fall asleep.
那堂昏昏欲睡的讲座让一半的班级都睡着了。
C1 noun /ˈɛpɪθɛt/

epithet

绰号
Meaning
A descriptive phrase or word used to characterize someone or something, often as a nickname.
Example
He earned the epithet ‘The Great’ for his remarkable achievements.
由于其卓越的成就，他赢得了‘伟大’的绰号。
C2 adjective /ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri/

valedictory

告别的
Meaning
Serving as a farewell or parting; relating to a valediction.
Example
He delivered a valedictory speech at the conference.
他在会议上做了告别演讲。
C1 adjective draʊt rɪˈzɪs.tənt

drought-resistant

抗旱
Meaning
Able to survive and grow despite limited water availability or drought conditions.
Example
Drought-resistant crops can survive in arid conditions.
抗旱作物可以在干旱条件下生存。
A2 adverb /ˈkwaɪ.ət.li/

Quietly

安静地; 平静地
Meaning
without making much noise; silently; in a calm manner
Example
She spoke quietly so she wouldn't wake the baby.
她小声说话，生怕吵醒婴儿。
C2 noun, adjective /pəˈtrɪʃən/

patrician

贵族
Meaning
A person of noble rank or high social standing; relating to aristocracy.
Example
The patrician families of Rome wielded great power in politics.
罗马的贵族家庭在政治上拥有巨大的权力。
C1 verb /ʃɜːrk/

shirk

逃避
Meaning
to avoid or neglect a duty or responsibility
Example
He always tries to shirk his responsibilities at work.
他总是尽力避免工作中的责任。
B2 noun /meɪz/

Maize

玉米
Meaning
a tall cereal plant bearing large grains on a cob; corn
Example
Farmers in the region grow maize as their primary crop for both food and animal feed.
该地区的农民将玉米作为主要作物，既用于食物也用于动物饲料。
C2 adjective /ˈdɛndrɔɪd/

dendroid

树状的
Meaning
tree-shaped or branching like a tree
Example
The coral has a dendroid structure.
珊瑚有一个树状结构。
B2 adjective /ˈtræŋkwɪl/

tranquil

宁静
Meaning
Free from disturbance; calm and peaceful.
Example
A tranquil environment promotes relaxation and focus.
一个宁静的环境促进放松和集中注意力。
C1 noun /ˈrep.lɪ.kə/

Replica

复制品
Meaning
an exact copy or model of something, especially one on a smaller scale
Example
The museum displayed a perfect replica of the ancient statue.
博物馆展示了古代雕像的完美复制品。
C2 noun /ˈfræŋkɪnsɛns/

frankincense

乳香
Meaning
An aromatic gum resin used in incense and perfumes, often in religious ceremonies.
Example
The temple was filled with the sweet smell of burning frankincense.
寺庙里充满了燃烧乳香的甜美气味。
C2 adjective /rɪˈdaʊ.tə.bəl/

redoubtable

可怕/值得尊敬
Meaning
formidable, especially as an opponent; inspiring fear or respect
Example
She was a redoubtable leader who commanded respect from all.
她是一个可怕的领导，赢得了所有人的尊重。
C2 noun /sɪnˈtɪl.ə/

scintilla

小小的火花
Meaning
A tiny trace or spark of a specified quality or feeling.
Example
There wasn’t a scintilla of doubt in her mind.
她的脑海中没有一丝疑虑。
B2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/

insufficient

不足的
Meaning
Not enough; inadequate.
Example
His explanation was insufficient to clear the confusion.
他的解释不足以清除混乱。
B2 noun /sɔːrd/

Sword

剑
Meaning
a weapon with a long metal blade and a handle, used for fighting
Example
The knight drew his sword to defend the castle.
骑士拔出了剑来保护城堡。
C1 noun /ˌrɛspɪˈreɪʃən/

respiration

Meaning
The process of breathing or the exchange of gases in living organisms.
Example
Respiration is essential for all living beings.
C2 adjective /rəˈkoʊkoʊ/

rococo

洛可可
Meaning
characterized by ornate detail and elaborate decoration, especially in art, architecture, and design
Example
The palace was decorated in a lavish rococo style.
宫殿以奢华的洛可可风格装饰。
B1 noun /ɪkˈspens/

Expense

费用; 支出;
Meaning
the cost required for something; money spent on something
Example
The travel expense for the business trip was covered by the company.
商务旅行的费用由公司承担。
B1 noun /dɪˈstrʌk.ʃən/

Destruction

破坏; 毁灭;
Meaning
the action or process of causing damage to something so that it no longer exists
Example
The earthquake caused widespread destruction throughout the entire city.
地震在整个城市造成了广泛的破坏。
C2 adjective /dɪˈstreɪ/

distrait

心不在焉
Meaning
deeply distracted or absent-minded, often due to worry or grief
Example
He looked distrait after hearing the sad news.
在听到悲伤的消息后，他看起来心不在焉。
C2 adjective /prɪˈsɛnʃənt/

presentient

预感
Meaning
Having a feeling or sense of something about to happen; predictive.
Example
She was presentient of the coming disaster.
她预感到即将来临的灾难。
C1 noun /ˈʃeɪvɪŋ/

shaving

剃须
Meaning
the act of removing hair with a razor; a thin strip or piece shaved from something
Example
He bought a new cream for shaving.
他买了一款新的剃须膏。
B2 verb /ɪnˈfɜːr/

infer

Meaning
to conclude or deduce something from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements
Example
From his silence, I inferred that he was not happy with the decision.
A1 noun /reɪn/

Rain

雨
Meaning
water that falls from clouds in small drops
Example
The heavy rain forced us to stay indoors.
大雨迫使我们待在室内。
A2 noun /ˈpiːˈsi/

pc

个人电脑
Meaning
abbreviation for 'personal computer', a machine for performing digital operations
Example
I just bought a new PC for work.
我刚买了一个新的个人电脑用于工作。
C2 adjective /ɪˈmɒdɪst/

immodest

傲慢 / 不得体
Meaning
lacking humility or decency; excessively proud or improper
Example
His immodest remarks offended the audience.
他的傲慢言辞冒犯了观众。
B2 noun ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

environmental degradation

环境退化
Meaning
The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources and destruction of ecosystems.
Example
Environmental degradation threatens biodiversity.
环境退化威胁到生物多样性。
C2 noun /ˈpælɪmpsɛst/

palimpsest

重写本
Meaning
a manuscript or document that has been written over but still bears traces of earlier writing; something reused or altered but still retaining traces of its earlier form
Example
The ancient manuscript was a palimpsest, showing faint traces of previous texts beneath the new writing.
这本古老的手稿是一个重写本，下面隐藏着以前文本的微弱痕迹。
B2 adverb /ˈmen.tə.li/

Mentally

心理上
Meaning
relating to the mind; in terms of mental processes
Example
She was mentally preparing herself for the exam.
她正在为考试做心理准备。
B1 noun ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒ

disadvantage

劣势
Meaning
An unfavorable circumstance or condition that reduces the chances of success or effectiveness.
Example
Urdu's dominance placed Bengalis at a disadvantage.
乌尔都语的主导地位使孟加拉人处于不利地位。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈtʃælɪndʒd/

Unchallenged

无可争议的; 被接受的没有反对; 没有对手
Meaning
not disputed or questioned; accepted without opposition; having no rival
Example
He remained the unchallenged champion for five years.
他五年保持不败的冠军。
B1 noun /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti taɪm/

quality time

优质时间
Meaning
Time spent giving someone your full attention in order to strengthen your relationship with them.
Example
Spending quality time with family enhances relationships.
与家人共度优质时间可以增强关系。
B1 noun /dɪˈbeɪts/

debates

辩论
Meaning
Formal discussions where different viewpoints are presented and argued.
Example
Debates on governance lasted throughout the session.
关于治理的辩论贯穿了整个会议。
A1 noun /ˈɡrændˌfɑːðər/

grandfather

祖父
Meaning
the father of one's father or mother
Example
My grandfather tells us stories every evening.
我的爷爷每天晚上给我们讲故事。
C1 noun flɛər

flair

天赋
Meaning
A natural ability to do something well.
Example
She has a flair for design, always creating visually stunning work.
她有设计的天赋，总是创造出视觉上令人印象深刻的作品。
C1 adjective /ˈwɪst.fəl/

Wistful

渴望的; 忧郁的
Meaning
having a feeling of longing or yearning; melancholy
Example
She gave a wistful smile when remembering her childhood days.
她在回忆起童年时，露出了一丝惆怅的微笑。
B1 noun, verb /ˈlaɪsəns/

license

许可证 / 许可
Meaning
A legal permission to do something (noun); to grant such permission (verb).
Example
You must have a driving license to operate a car legally.
您必须拥有驾驶执照才能合法开车。
B1 verb /ʌnˈlɒk/

unlock

解锁
Meaning
to open something that is locked; to make something accessible or available
Example
She used the key to unlock the door.
她用钥匙解锁了门。
C1 adjective /ˈdaɪ.si/

dicey

冒险的
Meaning
Risky or unpredictable; potentially dangerous.
Example
Investing in that company looks pretty dicey right now.
现在投资这家公司看起来非常冒险。
C1 verb; noun /beltʃ/

belch

打嗝
Meaning
to expel air noisily from the stomach through the mouth; to emit or pour out suddenly and forcefully
Example
After drinking the soda, he belched loudly.
喝了汽水后，他大声打嗝。
C2 noun /ˌeɪd də ˈkæmp/

aide-de-camp

军官，担任高级军官的机密助手
Meaning
A military officer acting as a confidential assistant to a senior officer.
Example
The general was accompanied by his aide-de-camp during the ceremony.
在仪式期间，军官与他的随行军官共同出席。
C2 noun /əˈpɒθəˌkɛri/

apothecary

药剂师
Meaning
A historical term for a person who prepared and sold medicines and drugs.
Example
The village apothecary provided remedies for many common illnesses.
村里的药剂师为许多常见的疾病提供了治疗。
C1 noun /əˈpɒsəl/

apostle

使徒, 擁護者
Meaning
A vigorous and pioneering advocate or supporter of a particular cause, often used for the early Christian disciples.
Example
He became an apostle of environmental protection.
他成為了環保的使徒。
B2 noun, verb /ræŋks/

ranks

军衔
Meaning
Positions within a group, especially in a hierarchy or organization.
Example
He quickly moved up the ranks of the army.
他迅速在军队中晋升。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈwaɪz/

unwise

不明智
Meaning
Showing poor judgment; not sensible or prudent.
Example
It would be unwise to invest all your money in one company.
把所有的钱都投入一家公司的做法不明智。
C2 adjective əˈsɪd.ju.əs

assiduous

勤奋或刻苦
Meaning
Showing great care and perseverance; diligent and hardworking.
Example
His assiduous efforts led to a successful career.
他的勤奋努力带来了成功的事业。
B2 verb /ˈreɪn.dʒɪŋ/

ranging

波动
Meaning
Extending or varying between limits.
Example
The temperatures are ranging from 15 to 30 degrees this week.
本周气温在15到30度之间波动。
C2 adjective /ˈdɪlətɔːri/

dilatory

拖延的
Meaning
Tending to cause delay; slow to act.
Example
The committee was criticized for its dilatory response to the crisis.
该委员会因其在危机中的拖延反应而受到批评。
C1 verb /ˈrevəl/

revel

陶醉
Meaning
to enjoy oneself in a lively and noisy way; to take great pleasure in
Example
They revel in their success.
他们沉浸在成功中。
C2 adjective /ˈmʌski/

musky

麝香味的
Meaning
having a strong, sweet, earthy smell like musk
Example
The perfume had a musky fragrance.
香水有一种麝香味。
C2 verb /ɪmˈpjuːt/

impute

归因于
Meaning
to attribute a fault or responsibility to someone
Example
They imputed the company's success to good leadership.
他们将公司的成功归功于出色的领导力。
C2 verb /ɪˈniː.bri.eɪt/

inebriate

Meaning
to intoxicate; to make someone drunk
Example
The strong wine was enough to inebriate even the most experienced drinker.
C1 verb /mɑːrd/

marred

破坏
Meaning
to spoil or damage the quality or appearance of something
Example
The celebration was marred by bad weather.
庆祝活动因坏天气而受损。
C2 noun /ˌdʒiː.niˈæl.ə.ti/

geniality

友好
Meaning
the quality of being friendly and cheerful
Example
His geniality made him popular among his colleagues.
他的友好使他在同事中很受欢迎。
C1 verb /ˈfrɒlɪk/

frolic

欢快地玩耍
Meaning
to play and move about cheerfully, energetically, or playfully
Example
The children frolicked in the garden all afternoon.
孩子们整个下午在花园里欢快地玩耍。
A2 noun/verb /meɪl/

mail

邮件 / 信件
Meaning
Letters, packages, or email messages sent or delivered to someone.
Example
I received an important letter in the mail.
我通过邮件收到了一个重要的信件。
C2 adjective /hɛkˈsæŋɡjələr/

hexangular

六角形的
Meaning
Having six angles or corners.
Example
The artist designed a hexangular frame for the mirror.
艺术家为镜子设计了一个六角形的框架。
A1 pronoun /ðeɪ/

they

他们
Meaning
used to refer to people or things previously mentioned or easily identified
Example
They are going to the park.
他们去公园。
C2 adjective /ˈhaɪˌbraʊ/

highbrow

知识分子
Meaning
intellectually superior or cultured; often describing art, literature, or activities appealing to intellectual tastes
Example
The museum is known for its highbrow exhibitions.
该博物馆以其知识分子展览而闻名。
A2 noun /wɪnd/

Wind

风
Meaning
the natural movement of air, especially in the form of a current of air blowing from a particular direction
Example
The wind blew the leaves off the trees.
风吹走了树上的叶子。
B2 noun /ˈlep.ərd/

Leopard

美洲豹
Meaning
a large wild cat with yellow fur and black spots
Example
The leopard climbed the tree to rest in the shade.
美洲豹爬上了树，在阴凉处休息。
B2 noun /rek/

Wreck

破坏; 残骸;
Meaning
the destruction or disabling of a ship or vehicle; something that has been badly damaged or destroyed
Example
The car wreck blocked the highway for hours.
汽车事故封锁了高速公路好几个小时。
C2 adjective /ˈtɪtjələr/

titular

名义上的
Meaning
holding a title or position in name only without real power; relating to the title of a work
Example
She is the titular head of the committee, but decisions are made by the coordinator.
她是委员会的名义上的负责人，但决策由协调员做出。
C1 adjective /ˈsɔːsi/

saucy

大胆的
Meaning
Boldly rude, cheeky, or playfully disrespectful.
Example
The child gave a saucy reply to his teacher.
那个孩子给老师一个大胆的回答。
B2 noun /siːdʒ/

siege

围攻
Meaning
A military operation in which a place is surrounded to force its surrender.
Example
The castle fell after a long siege.
城堡在长时间的围困后倒塌。
B2 verb/noun /ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːrd/

disregard

蔑视
Meaning
To ignore something; lack of consideration or respect for something.
Example
He disregarded the warning signs and kept driving.
他忽视了警告标志并继续开车。
B2 noun ɪnˌdʌstrɪəlaɪˈzeɪʃən

industrialization

工业化
Meaning
The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.
Example
Industrialization changed the global economy dramatically.
工业化显著改变了全球经济。
C2 noun /bænˈdænə/

bandanna

大彩色头巾
Meaning
A large, often brightly colored handkerchief, typically worn on the head or around the neck.
Example
He tied a red bandanna around his neck.
他把一条红色的头巾绑在脖子上。
B1 noun ˈkraɪsɪs

crisis

危机
Meaning
A time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger.
Example
The financial crisis affected global markets.
金融危机影响了全球市场。
C2 adjective /rɪˈtɪkjʊlət/

reticulate

网状
Meaning
Having a net-like pattern or structure.
Example
The leaf had a reticulate pattern of veins.
叶子有着网状的脉络图案。
B1 verb /əˈkɜːr/

occur

发生
Meaning
to happen or take place; to be found or present
Example
The accident occurred at the intersection during rush hour.
事故发生在高峰时段的交叉口。
B1 noun /ˈwelˌbiː.ɪŋ/

well-being

福祉
Meaning
The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.
Example
Eye lubrication is crucial for overall well-being.
眼睛的润滑对于整体福祉至关重要。
C2 noun /ˈruː.mɪ.nənt/

ruminant

反刍动物
Meaning
a cud-chewing mammal, such as a cow or sheep
Example
Cows are ruminants that chew cud.
牛是反刍动物，它们会反复咀嚼食物。
C2 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈhɛrɪt/

disinherit

剥夺继承权
Meaning
to deprive someone, especially a child, of inheritance or right to property
Example
The father threatened to disinherit his son for his reckless actions.
父亲威胁要因儿子的鲁莽行为剥夺他的继承权。
A2 noun /mɑːrk/

Mark

标记; 符号; 分数
Meaning
A sign, symbol, or stain; a grade or score
Example
She received the highest mark in the mathematics examination.
她在数学考试中获得了最高分。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈɡreɪt.fəl/

Ungrateful

忘恩负义
Meaning
not feeling or showing thanks for something done or given; not appreciating kindness
Example
She felt he was ungrateful for all the help she had given him.
她觉得他对她给予的所有帮助都忘恩负义。
B1 adjective /ˈmiː.nɪŋ.fəl/

Meaningful

有意义的; 有目的的;
Meaning
having significance; purposeful; important
Example
She found meaningful work helping others.
她通过帮助他人找到了有意义的工作。
B2 adjective /ˈkɜːrtiəs/

courteous

有礼貌的
Meaning
polite, respectful, or considerate in manner
Example
The staff at the hotel were very courteous to all guests.
酒店的员工对所有客人都非常有礼貌。
B1 verb/noun /bɔːr/

bore

使……感到无聊
Meaning
Verb: To make someone feel uninterested or tired; Noun: A dull or tiresome person.
Example
The lecture began to bore the students.
讲座开始让学生感到无聊。
C2 noun /ˈproʊtoʊˌmɑːrtɚ/

protomartyr

第一位殉道者
Meaning
The first martyr in a cause or religion, often referring to the first Christian martyr.
Example
St. Stephen is known as the protomartyr of Christianity.
圣斯蒂芬被称为基督教的原始殉道者。
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrfjuː/

curfew

宵禁
Meaning
a rule requiring people to stay indoors after a certain time, usually at night
Example
The city imposed a curfew during the unrest.
城市在骚乱期间实施了宵禁。
C1 adjective /dɪˈvɔɪd/

devoid

空虚
Meaning
Completely lacking or without something.
Example
His speech was devoid of any real emotion.
他的演讲完全缺乏任何真实的情感。
B2 noun ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃən

exploitation

剥削
Meaning
The action of making use of and benefiting from resources, often in an unfair or selfish way.
Example
Exploitation of marine resources has led to significant damage.
对海洋资源的开发导致了显著的损害。
B2 adverb /ˌfʌndəˈmɛntəli/

fundamentally

从根本上
Meaning
in a basic and important way; at the core
Example
The two theories are fundamentally different.
这两个理论从根本上不同。
C1 noun ˈkəmˌpaʊndɪŋ

compounding

复利
Meaning
The process whereby interest is added to an amount of money and future interest is calculated on the total.
Example
Compounding interest increases the value of investments over time.
复利增加投资的价值，随着时间的推移。
A2 verb /kəˈnɛkt/

connect

连接
Meaning
To join or fasten together; to establish a link or relationship.
Example
Social media helps us connect with others.
社交媒体帮助我们与他人连接。