Ruby
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN 英语 BN 孟加拉语 HI 印地语 ES 西班牙语 FR 法语 DE 德语 RU 俄语 ZH 中文 JA 日语
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C1 noun /ˈruː.bi/

Ruby

红宝石
Meaning
a precious red gemstone; a deep red variety of corundum
Example
The ruby ring was her most treasured possession.
那枚红宝石戒指曾是她最珍贵的财物。
C2 verb /rɪˈɡeɪl/

regale

娱乐
Meaning
To entertain or amuse someone with stories, food, or drink.
Example
He regaled us with stories of his travels around the world.
他用他的旅行故事来娱乐我们。
B2 verb /reɪn/

reign

统治
Meaning
to rule as a king or queen; to be dominant
Example
The queen reigned for over sixty years.
女王统治了超过六十年。
B2 adjective /ˈrʌs.ti/

Rusty

生锈的; 不熟练的; 由于缺乏近期练习而受损
Meaning
affected by rust; out of practice; impaired by lack of recent practice
Example
My piano skills are rusty after not playing for years.
我的钢琴技巧生锈了，因为多年没有练习。
C1 adjective /ˌrɛprɪzɛnˈteɪʃənl̩/

representational

表现性
Meaning
Relating to or depicting something in a realistic or symbolic way.
Example
The artist preferred a representational style of painting.
艺术家更喜欢表现主义的绘画风格。
C1 verb /rɪˈvɪər/

revere

敬仰
Meaning
To deeply respect or admire someone or something.
Example
The students revered their teacher for his wisdom.
学生们因他的智慧而敬重老师。
B2 noun rɪsk ˈfæktər

risk factor

风险因素
Meaning
Something that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or condition
Example
Water pollution is a significant risk factor for health.
水污染是健康的一个重要风险因素。
C1 verb /ˈræn.də.maɪz/

randomize

随机化
Meaning
To make something happen in a random order or manner.
Example
The software can randomize the order of questions.
软件可以随机排列问题的顺序。
C2 noun /ˈruː.mɪ.nənt/

ruminant

反刍动物
Meaning
a cud-chewing mammal, such as a cow or sheep
Example
Cows are ruminants that chew cud.
牛是反刍动物，它们会反复咀嚼食物。
C2 noun /ruːd/

rood

十字架
Meaning
a crucifix, especially one positioned above the entrance to the chancel of a church
Example
The old church displayed a carved rood above the altar.
这座古老的教堂展示了一个雕刻的十字架在祭坛上方。
C1 noun /rɪft/

rift

裂缝
Meaning
a serious break in a relationship; a split or crack
Example
A rift developed between the two friends after the argument.
争执后，两个朋友之间产生了裂缝。
B2 noun /ˈraɪdər/

rider

骑手
Meaning
A person who rides a horse, bicycle, motorcycle, or other vehicle.
Example
The rider fell off the horse.
骑手从马背上摔了下来。
B2 noun /rɪˈdʒɛkʃən/

rejection

拒绝
Meaning
the action of refusing or dismissing something or someone
Example
Her rejection of the offer surprised everyone.
她拒绝了这个提议，令所有人吃惊。
B2 verb /rɪˈfreɪn/

refrain

避免
Meaning
To hold oneself back from doing something.
Example
Please refrain from smoking in this area.
请勿在此区域内吸烟。
C2 noun /ˌræproʊʃˈmɑːn/

rapprochement

关系恢复
Meaning
The establishment or resumption of harmonious relations.
Example
The two countries signed an agreement that marked a new rapprochement.
两个国家签署了一项协议，标志着新的关系恢复。
C1 verb /rɪˈdʒɛnəreɪt/

regenerate

再生
Meaning
to grow or produce again; to renew or restore
Example
The lizard can regenerate its lost tail.
蜥蜴可以再生它失去的尾巴。
C2 noun /ˈrɪɡməˌroʊl/

rigmarole

麻烦事
Meaning
a long, complicated, and confusing process or story
Example
Getting a visa was such a rigmarole of paperwork and interviews.
获得签证是一个繁琐的文书工作和面试过程。
C2 adjective /ˈræŋ.kər.əs/

rancorous

充满怨恨的
Meaning
Characterized by bitterness or resentment.
Example
Their rancorous debate lasted for hours.
他们充满怨恨的辩论持续了几个小时。
B2 verb /rɪˈtriːt/

retreat

撤退
Meaning
to move back or withdraw from a position or situation
Example
The soldiers had to retreat after losing the battle.
士兵们在失去战斗后不得不撤退。
C2 noun /ˌrɛtroʊˈɡrɛʃən/

retrogression

倒退
Meaning
a return to a worse or less developed state
Example
The country experienced economic retrogression after the crisis.
该国在危机后经历了经济倒退。
C2 adjective /ˈroʊziət/

roseate

玫瑰色的，乐观的
Meaning
Having a pink color; optimistic or idealistic.
Example
She looked at the future with roseate optimism.
她以玫瑰色的乐观主义看待未来。
B2 verb /rɪˈzuːm/

resume

重新开始
Meaning
to start again after a pause or interruption
Example
We will resume the meeting after lunch.
我们将在午餐后继续会议。
C1 adjective /ˈræɡ.ɪd/

Ragged

破旧的; 破损的; 破烂的
Meaning
torn; tattered; frayed; shabby
Example
The homeless man wore ragged clothes.
无家可归的人穿着破旧的衣服。
C1 adjective /ˈrɔːkəs/

raucous

喧闹的, 吵杂的
Meaning
loud, harsh, and unpleasant sound or behavior
Example
The crowd became raucous after the team scored.
当球队进球后，人群变得喧闹起来。
B2 noun /ˌreɡ.jʊˈleɪ.ʃənz/

regulations

规定
Meaning
Rules or directives made and maintained by an authority.
Example
Strict regulations ensure fair practices.
严格的规定确保公平的做法。
B1 noun /ˈrɛzɪdəns/

residence

住所
Meaning
a place where someone lives; a home or dwelling
Example
He recently moved to a new residence near the city center.
他最近搬到了市中心附近的一处新住所。
C2 noun /ˈrɪvjʊlət/

rivulet

小溪
Meaning
a small stream of water; a tiny brook
Example
A rivulet ran down the hillside after the rain.
雨后，一条小溪从山坡上流下来。
C1 noun /ˈrep.lɪ.kə/

Replica

复制品
Meaning
an exact copy or model of something, especially one on a smaller scale
Example
The museum displayed a perfect replica of the ancient statue.
博物馆展示了古代雕像的完美复制品。
B2 noun /rɪˈlʌk.təns/

Reluctance

不情愿; 犹豫
Meaning
unwillingness to do something; hesitation
Example
He showed reluctance to accept the job offer.
他表现出不情愿接受工作提议。
B1 noun /rɪˈkwɛst/

request

Meaning
a formal or polite demand for something
Example
She made a request for additional time to complete the project.
C1 verb /ˈrʌm.ɪdʒ/

rummage

杂乱地翻找
Meaning
to search through something in a disorderly way
Example
He rummaged through the drawer for his keys.
他在抽屉里翻找钥匙。
C1 noun /rɪˈvɒl.vər/

Revolver

左轮手枪
Meaning
a pistol with revolving chambers enabling several shots to be fired without reloading
Example
The detective drew his revolver from its holster.
侦探从枪套中拔出了他的左轮手枪。
C2 adjective /ˈrɛpərəbəl/

reparable

可修复的
Meaning
able to be repaired or fixed
Example
The damage to the car was serious but still reparable.
汽车的损坏很严重，但仍然是可修复的。
C1 noun rɪˈfaɪnmənt

refinement

精炼
Meaning
The process of removing impurities or unwanted elements from a substance.
Example
His manners showed a refinement that made him stand out in any crowd.
他的举止展示了一种精炼，让他在人群中脱颖而出。
C1 adjective /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsənt/

reminiscent

唤起回忆的
Meaning
Tending to remind one of something; suggestive of something in the past.
Example
The smell of rain is reminiscent of my childhood in the village.
雨的气味让我想起了我在村里的童年。
A2 noun /ˈriːdɪŋ/

reading

阅读
Meaning
the action or skill of reading
Example
Reading is one of my favorite hobbies.
阅读是我最喜欢的爱好之一。
A2 verb /rɪˈkwaɪər/

require

需要
Meaning
to need something; to demand or insist on
Example
This job requires excellent communication skills.
这份工作要求出色的沟通技巧。
C1 noun /rɪˈmɛmbrəns/

remembrance

纪念
Meaning
the act of remembering or honoring someone or something
Example
A service was held in remembrance of the fallen soldiers.
为阵亡士兵举行了纪念仪式。
B2 noun /ˈrɒbər/

robber

强盗
Meaning
a person who steals property from others, often using force or threat
Example
The robber was caught after a quick police chase.
经过警方的快速追捕，强盗被抓住了。
B2 verb /rɪp/

rip

撕裂
Meaning
to tear something quickly or violently
Example
He accidentally ripped his shirt on the fence.
他不小心在篱笆上撕破了衬衫。
B2 adverb /rɪˈmɑːrkəbli/

remarkably

引人注目地
Meaning
in a way that is worthy of attention or notice; surprisingly
Example
She did remarkably well in the competition.
她在比赛中表现得引人注目。
C2 verb /ˈrævɪʃ/

ravish

迷住
Meaning
To fill with intense delight; to captivate or enchant.
Example
The beauty of the sunset ravished the travelers.
日落的美丽让旅行者陶醉。
A2 adjective /rɪˈspɒn.sə.bəl/

Responsible

负责任的；有义务的；可靠且值得信赖的
Meaning
accountable; having duties; reliable and trustworthy
Example
Parents are responsible for their children's education and well-being.
父母对孩子的教育和福利负责。
B1 noun ˈreɪn.fɒr.ɪst

rainforest

热带雨林
Meaning
A luxuriant, dense forest rich in biodiversity, found typically in tropical areas with consistently heavy rainfall.
Example
The Amazon rainforest is home to millions of species.
亚马逊热带雨林是数百万种物种的家园。
A1 noun /ˈrɪv.ər/

River

河流
Meaning
a large natural stream of water flowing in a channel to the sea, a lake, or another river
Example
The river flows through the valley and into the ocean.
河流穿过山谷并流入大海。
C1 noun /ˌræʃəˈnæl/

rationale

基本原因
Meaning
the underlying reason or explanation for something
Example
The rationale behind his decision was clearly explained.
他决定背后的理由被清楚地解释了。
C2 verb /ˈrævəl/

ravel

缠绕 / 解开
Meaning
to tangle or complicate; to untangle or unravel depending on context
Example
She began to ravel the loose threads of the sweater.
她开始解开毛衣上的松线。
C1 verb /ˌrevəˈluːʃənaɪz/

revolutionize

革命化
Meaning
Change (something) radically or fundamentally.
Example
Artificial intelligence is set to revolutionize the healthcare sector.
人工智能准备革命化医疗行业。
A2 verb /rɪŋ/

ring

铃声
Meaning
to make a clear sound like a bell; to call by telephone
Example
The bell rings every hour.
钟每小时响。
B2 noun /rɪˈsiː.vər/

Receiver

接收器
Meaning
a person or thing that receives something; the part of a telephone containing the earpiece and mouthpiece
Example
She picked up the receiver to answer the phone call.
她拿起听筒接听电话。
C1 adjective /ˈroʊ.ɡɪʃ/

Roguish

调皮的; 狡猾的
Meaning
mischievous; playfully dishonest
Example
His roguish smile suggested he was up to some mischief.
他的调皮笑容暗示着他正在策划一些恶作剧。
B2 noun /rɪˈhɜːr.səl/

Rehearsal

彩排; 演出排练
Meaning
a practice performance of a play, concert, or other work for later public performance
Example
The final rehearsal before opening night went perfectly.
开幕夜前的最后一次彩排非常完美。
C2 noun /rʌmp/

Rump

臀部; 屁股; 背部下方
Meaning
the hindquarters or buttocks; the lower back area
Example
The horse injured its rump during the fall.
那匹马在跌倒时伤到了它的臀部。
C1 noun /ˈræftər/

rafter

屋梁
Meaning
One of the sloping beams that supports a roof.
Example
The old barn’s rafters were exposed.
老谷仓的屋梁暴露在外。
B1 verb /ˈreskjuː/

rescue

救援
Meaning
to save someone or something from danger or harm
Example
The firefighters rescued the cat from the tree.
消防员从树上救出了猫。
C1 adjective /ˈriːɡəl/

regal

皇家
Meaning
Resembling or fit for a king; majestic or royal.
Example
The queen entered the hall with a regal presence.
女王带着皇家气质走进大厅。
C1 noun /ˌrɛs.ɪˈprɒs.ɪ.ti/

reciprocity

为了共同利益与他人交换物品的做法
Meaning
The practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit.
Example
Business relationships thrive on reciprocity.
商业关系依赖于互惠。
B2 noun /rɪˈbel.jən/

Rebellion

起义
Meaning
an act of armed resistance to an established government or leader
Example
The rebellion against the king lasted for three years.
反抗国王的起义持续了三年。
B1 adjective /rʌf/

Rough

粗糙的; 粗糙; 严厉的
Meaning
having an uneven surface; not smooth; harsh
Example
The rough surface of the rock hurt my hands.
岩石的粗糙表面伤害了我的手。
C1 noun /ˈrəʊ.bɒt əˈsɪs.tɪd prəˈsiː.dʒərz/

robot-assisted procedures

机器人辅助程序
Meaning
Medical operations performed with the help of robotic systems to enhance precision and control.
Example
Robot-assisted procedures reduce human error.
机器人辅助程序减少了人为错误。
B1 noun /ˈreɪlˌroʊd/

railroad

铁路
Meaning
a track or system of tracks made of steel rails along which trains run
Example
The railroad connects the city to several nearby towns.
铁路将城市与附近的几个小镇连接起来。
C2 noun /rɪˈkɒɡnɪzəns/

recognizance

法律义务
Meaning
A legal obligation or bond entered into before a court, especially to ensure future appearance.
Example
He was released on his own recognizance.
他在自己的法律义务下被释放。
C1 noun /raɪt/

rite

仪式
Meaning
a religious or ceremonial act
Example
The wedding rite was performed with great solemnity.
婚礼仪式庄严举行。
B2 noun /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

reproduction

繁殖, 再生产
Meaning
The process of producing offspring; the act of copying or duplicating.
Example
The textbook included a detailed diagram of human reproduction.
课本中包含了人类繁殖的详细图表。
B1 verb /rɪˈdʒekt/

reject

拒绝
Meaning
to refuse to accept or consider something
Example
The committee decided to reject the proposal.
委员会决定拒绝该提案。
C1 noun /rɪˈpjuːt/

repute

名誉
Meaning
the opinion generally held of someone or something; reputation
Example
He is a scholar of great repute in his field.
他在他的领域享有很高的名誉。
B1 noun /rɪˈliːf/

Relief

宽慰; 安慰; 援助
Meaning
a feeling of comfort after worry or distress; assistance given to those in need
Example
She felt great relief when the exam was over.
她在考试结束时感到极大的宽慰。
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɜːrdʒənt/

resurgent

复兴的
Meaning
Becoming strong, active, or popular again.
Example
The resurgent economy gave hope to many businesses.
复兴的经济给许多企业带来了希望。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæst/

recast

重新选择演员
Meaning
To present or change something in a different form or style.
Example
The director decided to recast the role with a younger actor.
导演决定用一位年轻演员重新安排这个角色。
B2 noun rɪˈzɪl.i.əns

resilience

韧性
Meaning
The ability to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness.
Example
Testing the resilience of wood is crucial.
测试木材的韧性是至关重要的。
C1 adjective /ˈrɪvɪtɪŋ/

riveting

引人入胜
Meaning
extremely interesting; holding the complete attention
Example
The movie was so riveting that nobody looked away.
这部电影如此引人入胜，以至于没有人移开视线。
B2 verb /ˈrɛnəˌveɪt/

renovate

翻新
Meaning
to restore something old to a good state or to improve it
Example
They decided to renovate the old house before moving in.
他们决定在搬进之前修复旧房子。
B2 adjective /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

Reserved

内向的; 保守的
Meaning
slow to reveal emotion or opinions; restrained in manner
Example
She is quite reserved and doesn't talk much in meetings.
她相当内向，在会议中很少讲话。
C1 verb /rɪˈnɛɡ/

renege

违约
Meaning
to go back on a promise, agreement, or commitment
Example
The company reneged on its promise to increase wages.
公司违背了他们提高工资的承诺。
B1 verb /rɑːb/

rob

抢劫
Meaning
to steal money or property from a person or place; to commit robbery
Example
The thief tried to rob the bank last night.
小偷昨晚试图抢劫银行。
C1 noun /ˈræmpɑːrt/

rampart

城墙
Meaning
a defensive wall of a castle or fort
Example
The soldiers stood on the rampart, watching the enemy approach.
士兵们站在城墙上，观察着敌人的接近。
A1 adjective /ˈrɛd.i/

ready

准备
Meaning
Prepared or available for use or action.
Example
She was ready to leave for the airport.
她准备好去机场了。
C1 verb /riːˈfɜːrbɪʃ/

refurbish

翻新
Meaning
To renovate or redecorate something, especially a building.
Example
The company decided to refurbish its old office.
公司决定重新装修它的旧办公室。
B1 verb /rɪˈspɒnd/

respond

回应
Meaning
to give an answer or reply; to react to something
Example
Please respond to my email as soon as possible.
请尽快回复我的电子邮件。
B2 verb /rɪˈkɜːr/

recur

Meaning
to happen again, especially repeatedly or at regular intervals
Example
The headache tends to recur every few weeks.
B2 adjective /rɪˈfaɪnd/

Refined

精致的; 纯净的
Meaning
elegant and cultured in appearance, manner, or taste; purified
Example
She has very refined taste in art and music.
她对艺术和音乐有非常精致的品味。
C1 noun /ˈræp.tʃər/

rapture

狂喜, 欣喜若狂
Meaning
A feeling of intense joy, delight, or ecstasy.
Example
She listened to the music in rapture.
她沉浸在音乐中，陶醉其中。
B1 noun /ˈrʌnər/

runner

幸福
Meaning
a person who runs, especially in races or for exercise
Example
The runner crossed the finish line with a big smile.
当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
B1 noun /rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/

recording

录音
Meaning
the act or process of recording something
Example
The recording of the interview was clear and loud.
采访的录音清晰且响亮。
C1 adjective /ˈræspi/

raspy

沙哑
Meaning
having a harsh, rough, or grating sound
Example
His raspy voice revealed years of smoking.
他的沙哑声音揭示了多年的吸烟。
C1 noun /rɪˌsɛptɪˈvɪti/

receptivity

接受能力
Meaning
The ability or willingness to receive something, especially signals or stimuli.
Example
Her receptivity to new ideas helped improve the project.
她对新思想的接受能力帮助改善了项目。
C1 noun /ˈrɒstrəm/

rostrum

讲台
Meaning
A raised platform for speakers, performers, or leaders.
Example
The politician delivered a speech from the rostrum.
政治家在讲台上发表了演讲。
B2 noun /rɪˈfɔːr.mər/

Reformer

改革者
Meaning
a person who works to bring about positive changes in society or institutions
Example
The social reformer dedicated her life to improving education for all children.
社会改革者致力于改善所有儿童的教育。
B2 noun /ˈrest.ləs.nəs/

Restlessness

不安
Meaning
the inability to rest or relax as a result of anxiety or boredom
Example
His restlessness during the long meeting was obvious to everyone.
在长时间的会议中，他的不安对每个人都很明显。
B2 noun /ˈraɪvəlri/

Rivalry

竞争; 对抗
Meaning
competition for the same objective or for superiority in the same field; the state of being rivals
Example
The rivalry between the two teams made the match exciting.
两个队伍之间的竞争使比赛变得非常刺激。
B1 adjective, noun /ˈroʊmən/

roman

罗马的 / 古罗马公民
Meaning
relating to Rome or its people; a citizen of ancient Rome
Example
The Roman Empire influenced much of modern civilization.
罗马帝国影响了现代文明的许多方面。
B1 noun /rɪˈɡret/

Regret

遗憾
Meaning
a feeling of sadness or disappointment about something that has happened or been done
Example
She felt deep regret about her harsh words.
她对她的尖锐话语深感遗憾。
A2 verb /rɪˈmaɪnd/

remind

提醒
Meaning
to cause someone to remember something
Example
Please remind me to call her tomorrow.
请提醒我明天打电话给她。
B1 adjective /ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk/

realistic

现实的
Meaning
having or showing a sensible and practical idea of what can be achieved or expected
Example
She gave a realistic estimate of the project's cost.
她给出了项目成本的现实估计。
B2 noun /ˈrʊki/

rookie

菜鸟
Meaning
a person who is new to an activity or organization; a beginner
Example
The rookie policeman made a few mistakes on his first day.
新警察在第一天犯了几次错误。
B2 noun /ˈreɪtɪŋ/

rating

评分
Meaning
an evaluation or assessment, usually numerical
Example
The movie received a high rating from critics.
这部电影得到了评论家的高评分。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈmɒdəl/

remodel

重新装修
Meaning
To change the structure or form of something, especially a building.
Example
They decided to remodel their kitchen last summer.
他们决定去年夏天重新装修厨房。
B2 noun /ræk/

Rack

架子
Meaning
a framework or structure for holding or storing things
Example
She hung her coat on the rack by the door.
她把外套挂在门旁的架子上。
C2 noun /rɪˈfɛktəri/

refectory

食堂
Meaning
a dining hall, especially in a monastery, convent, or school
Example
Students had lunch in the refectory.
学生们在食堂吃午餐。
C2 noun /ˈrɛkluːsəri/

reclusory

隐居地
Meaning
A place for seclusion or retreat, especially for a recluse or hermit.
Example
The monk spent years in the reclusory away from society.
那位和尚在远离社会的隐居地度过了多年。
C1 noun /rɪˌmjuː.nəˈreɪ.ʃən/

Remuneration

报酬; 薪酬; 奖金
Meaning
money paid for work or services; compensation or reward
Example
The job offers excellent remuneration and benefits.
这份工作提供了优厚的报酬和福利。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈsiːt/

reseat

重新安排
Meaning
to seat someone again or to fit something back into its place
Example
The usher had to reseat the guests after the interruption.
引座员在干扰后不得不重新安排宾客。
C1 verb /riˈɪtəreɪt/

reiterate

重申
Meaning
To say something again or repeatedly for emphasis or clarity.
Example
The teacher reiterated the importance of honesty.
老师重申了诚实的重要性。
C2 noun /rɪˈpæst/

repast

宴席
Meaning
A meal or the food eaten during a meal.
Example
They enjoyed a delicious repast by the riverside.
他们在河边享用了美味的宴席。
C1 adjective rɪˈlɛntləs

relentless

不屈不挠
Meaning
Oppressively constant; incessant; showing no abatement of severity, intensity, strength, or pace.
Example
The freedom fighters' relentless struggle led to victory.
自由战士们的不屈不挠的斗争导致了胜利。
C1 adjective /ˈrɛtroʊˌɡreɪd/

retrograde

逆行的
Meaning
moving backward or returning to a worse condition
Example
The policy was seen as a retrograde step for human rights.
该政策被视为人权的倒退步骤。
C1 verb /rɪˈbjuːk/

rebuke

斥责
Meaning
to criticize or scold sharply; to express disapproval
Example
The teacher had to rebuke the student for cheating.
老师因作弊而斥责学生。
B2 noun /ˌrezəˈveɪʃən/

Reservation

预订
Meaning
the action of reserving something; an arrangement whereby something is reserved for a particular person; a qualification to an expression of agreement or approval
Example
I made a reservation at the restaurant for tonight.
我为今晚在餐厅做了一个预定。
C1 noun /riˈæktənt/

reactant

Meaning
A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a chemical reaction.
Example
Oxygen is a reactant in the process of combustion.
B2 noun /ˈroʊstɪd miːt/

Roasted meat

烤肉
Meaning
meat cooked by dry heat in an oven or over fire
Example
The roasted meat was perfectly seasoned and tender.
烤肉被完美地调味和变得嫩滑。
C1 noun /rɪˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

Retaliation

报复
Meaning
the action of returning a military attack; counterattack; revenge for an injury or wrong
Example
The country threatened retaliation against any act of aggression.
该国威胁对任何侵略行为进行报复。
B2 verb /rɪˈzɛnt/

resent

怨恨
Meaning
to feel bitterness or displeasure about something or someone
Example
She began to resent the constant criticism from her boss.
她开始对老板的不断批评感到愤恨。
B2 verb /rɪˈfaɪn/

refine

改进
Meaning
to improve by making small changes; to purify
Example
The chef refines the recipe to perfection.
厨师将食谱完善到完美。
C1 noun ˌriːˈstrʌk.tʃər.ɪŋ

restructuring

重组
Meaning
The action of organizing something differently.
Example
The company underwent restructuring to improve efficiency.
公司进行重组以提高效率。
A2 adjective /ˈreɡ.jə.lər/

Regular

规律的
Meaning
happening at fixed intervals; consistent; normal; frequent
Example
She goes for regular exercise every morning at 6 AM.
她每天早上六点进行规律的锻炼。
B1 adjective /ˈrʊr.əl/

Rural

农村的
Meaning
relating to the countryside; characteristic of farming or country life
Example
She grew up in a rural area far from the city.
她在离城市很远的农村地区长大。
C1 verb /rɪˈnaʊns/

renounce

放弃
Meaning
to formally declare rejection of something, such as a claim, belief, or way of life
Example
She renounced her citizenship to move abroad permanently.
她放弃了国籍以便永久定居国外。
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈproʊtʃ/

reproach

指责 / 批评
Meaning
An expression of disapproval or disappointment; to criticize someone for doing wrong.
Example
She reproached him for arriving late to the meeting.
她因迟到而责备了他。
B2 verb /ˈreɡjəleɪt/

regulate

监管；调节；规范；控制
Meaning
to control or maintain according to rules or laws
Example
The government regulates food safety.
政府对食品安全进行监管。
C1 noun /rɪˈpɛərə/

repairer

修理工
Meaning
a person whose job is to fix damaged or broken things
Example
The repairer fixed the broken washing machine quickly.
修理工很快修好了坏掉的洗衣机。
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.si/

racy

刺激的
Meaning
Lively, entertaining, or slightly shocking (especially in a sexual way).
Example
The novel was full of racy dialogues.
这部小说充满了刺激的对话。