rankle
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C2 verb /ˈræŋ.kəl/

rankle

激怒
Meaning
To cause continuing annoyance or resentment.
Example
His unfair criticism continued to rankle her for days.
他的不公正批评持续了好几天，令她不快。
C1 noun /rɪˈvʌlʃən/

revulsion

厌恶
Meaning
a strong feeling of disgust or repulsion
Example
She felt revulsion at the sight of the cruel act.
她看到残忍的行为时感到厌恶。
B2 verb /rɪˈtriːt/

retreat

撤退
Meaning
to move back or withdraw from a position or situation
Example
The soldiers had to retreat after losing the battle.
士兵们在失去战斗后不得不撤退。
C1 verb /ræsp/

rasp

Meaning
to speak in a rough, harsh voice or to scrape with a coarse sound
Example
He rasped out a warning before collapsing.
B2 verb /ˈrendər/

render

提供
Meaning
to provide or give; to make or cause to become
Example
The artist renders the scene beautifully.
艺术家美丽地渲染了场景。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈmɒdəl/

remodel

重新装修
Meaning
To change the structure or form of something, especially a building.
Example
They decided to remodel their kitchen last summer.
他们决定去年夏天重新装修厨房。
C1 verb /rɪˈtrækt/

retract

Meaning
to withdraw a statement, promise, or part of the body; to pull back
Example
The company retracted its earlier statement after realizing the error.
B2 adverb /ˈræp.ɪd.li/

Rapidly

快速地; 迅速
Meaning
at a fast speed; quickly
Example
The company is rapidly expanding into new markets.
公司正在迅速拓展新市场。
C2 verb /ˈrʌmpəl/

rumple

弄皱
Meaning
to make something untidy or wrinkled by creasing or crumpling
Example
She accidentally rumpled her dress while packing.
她在打包时不小心弄皱了她的裙子。
B2 verb /ˌriːˈbɪld/

rebuild

重建
Meaning
to build something again after it has been damaged or destroyed
Example
The villagers worked together to rebuild the bridge after the flood.
村民们一起努力，在洪水后重建了桥梁。
C1 adjective /ˈræɡ.ɪd/

Ragged

破旧的; 破损的; 破烂的
Meaning
torn; tattered; frayed; shabby
Example
The homeless man wore ragged clothes.
无家可归的人穿着破旧的衣服。
B2 adjective /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

Reserved

内向的; 保守的
Meaning
slow to reveal emotion or opinions; restrained in manner
Example
She is quite reserved and doesn't talk much in meetings.
她相当内向，在会议中很少讲话。
B1 adjective /rɪˈkwaɪəd/

required

必要的
Meaning
necessary or compulsory
Example
A visa is required to enter the country.
进入该国需要签证。
C2 adjective /rɪˈprɛsəbl̩/

repressible

可抑制的
Meaning
Capable of being restrained or suppressed.
Example
The movement proved to be hardly repressible.
这个运动被证明几乎是可以抑制的。
C2 noun /ˈrɛkluːsəri/

reclusory

隐居地
Meaning
A place for seclusion or retreat, especially for a recluse or hermit.
Example
The monk spent years in the reclusory away from society.
那位和尚在远离社会的隐居地度过了多年。
B1 adjective /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

Religious

宗教的; 虔诚的; 精神的; 与宗教相关的;
Meaning
relating to or believing in a religion; devout; spiritual;
Example
He comes from a very religious family.
他来自一个非常宗教的家庭。
B2 adjective ˈræd.ɪ.kəl

radical

能够带来根本性变化，反对传统的信仰或系统
Meaning
Capable of bringing fundamental changes opposite to conventional beliefs or systems.
Example
The leader proposed radical economic reforms.
领导人提议进行激进的经济改革。
C2 adjective /rɪˈsplɛndənt/

resplendent

辉煌
Meaning
Shining brilliantly; dazzling in appearance or effect
Example
The bride looked resplendent in her wedding gown.
新娘穿着婚纱看起来光彩照人。
B1 noun /ˈreɪn.boʊ/

Rainbow

彩虹
Meaning
an arch of colors formed in the sky by sunlight shining through rain
Example
After the storm, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky.
暴风雨后，天空中出现了美丽的彩虹。
B2 adjective /ˈrɪdʒ.ɪd/

Rigid

严格
Meaning
hard and stiff; not able to bend; strict and unwilling to change
Example
The company has a rigid dress code that all employees must follow.
公司有严格的着装要求，所有员工都必须遵守。
C1 verb /riˈdʒɔɪn/

rejoin

重新加入
Meaning
to join again or return to a group, place, or activity
Example
After a short break, she decided to rejoin the team.
短暂休息后，她决定重新加入团队。
A1 noun, adjective, adverb /raɪt/

right

权利
Meaning
something that is morally good, fair, or just; or a legal/entitled claim
Example
Everyone has the right to free speech.
每个人都有言论自由的权利。
B2 noun /ˈrɪk.ʃɔː/

Rickshaw

人力车
Meaning
a light two-wheeled passenger vehicle drawn by one or more people
Example
We took a rickshaw to reach the busy marketplace.
我们乘坐人力车前往繁忙的市场。
C1 verb /ˈrevəl/

revel

陶醉
Meaning
to enjoy oneself in a lively and noisy way; to take great pleasure in
Example
They revel in their success.
他们沉浸在成功中。
C2 adjective /ˌrɛpərˈtɔːriəl/

repertorial

报道的
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of a repertoire, especially in journalism or performance contexts.
Example
The journalist's repertorial style captured every detail of the unfolding story.
记者的报道风格捕捉了展开故事的每个细节。
B2 verb /ˈroʊ.teɪt/

rotate

旋转
Meaning
to turn around a central point or axis
Example
The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours.
地球每24小时围绕其轴线旋转一次。
C1 noun /ˈrʌfiən/

Ruffian

流氓; 暴力的人;
Meaning
a violent person, especially one involved in crime; a brutal or lawless person
Example
The ruffian threatened the shopkeeper for money.
流氓威胁店主要钱。
C2 noun /ˈræʃənəlɪzəm/

rationalism

理性主义
Meaning
a belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than religious belief or emotion
Example
Rationalism emphasizes logic and reasoning over faith.
理性主义强调逻辑和推理，而不是信仰。
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈlæps/

relapse

复发
Meaning
to return to a worse condition, especially after improvement; a deterioration after recovery
Example
After months of progress, he suffered a relapse.
经过几个月的进展后，他遭遇了复发。
A2 noun ˈrɛlətɪvz

Relatives

亲戚
Meaning
A person connected by blood or marriage; a kinsman or kinswoman.
Example
Relatives can help you build a complete family tree.
亲戚们可以帮助你建立完整的家族树。
B1 noun /roʊp/

rope

绳子
Meaning
a strong, thick cord made of twisted fibers or strands
Example
The climbers used a rope to scale the mountain.
登山者用绳子攀登山峰。
B1 verb /rɪˈkʌvər/

recover

恢复
Meaning
To return to a normal state of health, mind, or strength; to regain or save something.
Example
The world is struggling to recover from the pandemic.
世界正在努力从大流行中恢复过来。
C1 verb /ˈrætɪfaɪ/

ratify

批准
Meaning
to approve or confirm something officially, usually by law or formal consent
Example
The government ratified the trade agreement.
政府批准了贸易协议。
C1 noun /rəʊˈbɒt.ɪk ˈsɜː.dʒər.i/

robotic surgery

机器人手术
Meaning
Surgery performed with the assistance of robotic systems to enhance precision and reduce invasiveness.
Example
Robotic surgery enhances precision in complex procedures.
机器人手术提高了复杂程序的精确度。
A2 preposition /riː/

re

关于
Meaning
concerning or about (used in formal letters or emails)
Example
The letter was sent re your recent application.
该信是关于您最近的申请发出的。
C1 noun ˌræʃ.ən.əl.ɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

rationalization

理性化
Meaning
The practice of finding reasons for behavior or actions that are not the real reasons.
Example
His rationalization of the mistake was not convincing.
他对错误的理性化并不令人信服。
C2 adjective /ræpˈtɔːriəl/

raptorial

猛禽
Meaning
Relating to birds of prey or predatory behavior.
Example
The eagle is a raptorial bird with sharp talons.
鹰是一个猛禽，拥有锋利的爪子。
B1 noun /ˌrek.ə.menˈdeɪ.ʃən/

Recommendation

推荐
Meaning
a suggestion that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose
Example
I got this job based on a recommendation from my professor.
我通过教授的推荐得到了这份工作。
C2 adjective /ˈrɛkənˌdaɪt/ or /ˈrɛkəndaɪt/

recondite

鲜为人知或难以理解的
Meaning
Little known or difficult to understand.
Example
The professor’s lecture was full of recondite theories.
教授的讲座充满了深奥的理论。
C1 noun ˈrez.ɪ.djuːz

residues

残留物
Meaning
A small amount of something that remains after the main part has gone or been taken or used.
Example
The burning process leaves no harmful residues.
燃烧过程不会留下有害的残留物。
B2 noun /ˈriːzənɪŋ/

reasoning

推理
Meaning
the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgment
Example
Her reasoning for leaving was clear and logical.
她离开的推理是清晰和合逻辑的。
C2 noun /rɪˈpoʊst/

riposte

犀利的反应
Meaning
a quick and clever reply to criticism or an insult
Example
Her sharp riposte left everyone in silence.
她尖锐的反应让所有人都安静了。
B2 noun /ˌref.jʊˈdʒiː/

Refugee

难民
Meaning
a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster
Example
The refugee camp provided temporary shelter for thousands of displaced families.
难民营为成千上万的流离失所的家庭提供了临时庇护。
C1 adjective /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnsəbl̩/

reprehensible

可耻的
Meaning
Deserving strong criticism or blame.
Example
His dishonest actions were truly reprehensible.
他的不诚实行为真是可耻的。
C1 verb /rɪˈtælieɪt/

retaliate

报复
Meaning
to make an attack in return for a similar attack
Example
The army retaliated after the enemy attack.
军队在敌人的攻击后进行了报复。
B2 noun rɪsk ˈfæktər

risk factor

风险因素
Meaning
Something that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or condition
Example
Water pollution is a significant risk factor for health.
水污染是健康的一个重要风险因素。
C1 verb /rɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/

repudiate

拒绝
Meaning
to refuse to accept, recognize, or support something
Example
He repudiated the claim that he was involved in the scandal.
他拒绝了他参与丑闻的说法。
B2 noun /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

reproduction

繁殖, 再生产
Meaning
The process of producing offspring; the act of copying or duplicating.
Example
The textbook included a detailed diagram of human reproduction.
课本中包含了人类繁殖的详细图表。
A2 verb /rɪˈplaɪ/

reply

回复
Meaning
to give an answer; to respond
Example
She replies to emails quickly.
她快速回复电子邮件。
C2 noun /ˌrɛtroʊˈɡrɛʃən/

retrogression

倒退
Meaning
a return to a worse or less developed state
Example
The country experienced economic retrogression after the crisis.
该国在危机后经历了经济倒退。
C2 verb /rɪˈmɒnstreɪt/

remonstrate

抗议
Meaning
To make a forceful protest or objection.
Example
Citizens remonstrated against the new tax policy.
公民们抗议新税政策。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæst/

recast

重新选择演员
Meaning
To present or change something in a different form or style.
Example
The director decided to recast the role with a younger actor.
导演决定用一位年轻演员重新安排这个角色。
C2 noun /ˈræbəl/

Rabble

乌合之众
Meaning
a disorderly crowd; the common people regarded as socially inferior
Example
The politician dismissed the protesters as mere rabble.
政治家将抗议者视为仅仅是乌合之众。
B2 noun, verb /ræŋks/

ranks

军衔
Meaning
Positions within a group, especially in a hierarchy or organization.
Example
He quickly moved up the ranks of the army.
他迅速在军队中晋升。
C1 noun /ˌrɛkwɪˈzɪʃən/

requisition

要求
Meaning
An official order laying claim to the use of property or materials; a formal demand or request.
Example
The manager submitted a requisition for new office supplies.
经理提交了新的办公室用品的要求。
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈproʊtʃ/

reproach

指责 / 批评
Meaning
An expression of disapproval or disappointment; to criticize someone for doing wrong.
Example
She reproached him for arriving late to the meeting.
她因迟到而责备了他。
B1 preposition /rɪˈɡɑrdɪŋ/

regarding

关于
Meaning
concerning or relating to
Example
The decision regarding the meeting will be made tomorrow.
关于会议的决定将在明天做出。
B2 adjective /ˈrek.ləs/

Reckless

鲁莽的; 冒失的; 危险的;
Meaning
acting without thinking about consequences; careless; dangerous;
Example
His reckless driving caused a serious accident.
他的鲁莽驾驶导致了严重的事故。
B2 noun /rɪˈfjuː.zəl/

Refusal

拒绝; 拒绝接受
Meaning
the act of saying no to something or not accepting something
Example
His refusal to cooperate made the project more difficult.
他拒绝合作让项目变得更难。
C1 adjective /ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪv/

retroactive

追溯的
Meaning
applying to a period before it was enacted or established
Example
The new law was made retroactive to cover past cases.
新法律追溯适用于过去的案件。
C1 adjective /rɪˈvɜː.sə.bəl/

Reversible

可逆的
Meaning
able to be turned the other way around; able to be undone or changed back
Example
This jacket is reversible and can be worn on both sides.
这件夹克是可翻面的，可以正反两面穿着。
A2 noun /ˈrɛkɔːd/

record

记录
Meaning
a written or spoken account of something
Example
I kept a record of all the meetings.
我记录了所有的会议。
B2 verb /reɪn/

reign

统治
Meaning
to rule as a king or queen; to be dominant
Example
The queen reigned for over sixty years.
女王统治了超过六十年。
B2 noun /ˈrɛnəˌsɑːns/

renaissance

文艺复兴
Meaning
a revival of art, culture, or learning; a period of renewed interest and growth
Example
The city experienced a cultural renaissance during the 1990s.
这座城市在1990年代经历了文化复兴。
C1 adjective /ˈrek.wɪ.zɪt/

Requisite

必要的; 强制的
Meaning
made necessary by particular circumstances; required
Example
Good communication skills are requisite for this job.
良好的沟通技巧是这项工作的必要条件。
B2 noun /ˌrɛprɪzɛnˈteɪʃən/

representation

代表
Meaning
the action of speaking or acting on behalf of someone or something
Example
Her representation of the team was impeccable.
她对团队的代表非常出色。
C1 noun rɪˈfaɪnmənt

refinement

精炼
Meaning
The process of removing impurities or unwanted elements from a substance.
Example
His manners showed a refinement that made him stand out in any crowd.
他的举止展示了一种精炼，让他在人群中脱颖而出。
B2 verb /ˈreɡjəleɪt/

regulate

监管；调节；规范；控制
Meaning
to control or maintain according to rules or laws
Example
The government regulates food safety.
政府对食品安全进行监管。
C1 noun /rɪdʒ/

ridge

山脊或山顶
Meaning
a long, narrow hilltop, mountain range, or raised strip
Example
We walked along the mountain ridge.
我们沿着山脊走。
C1 verb /ˈreɪdieɪt/

radiate

辐射
Meaning
to emit energy or light; to spread out from a center
Example
The fireplace radiates warmth throughout the room.
壁炉向整个房间辐射热量。
C1 noun ˈrɛp.ə.twɑːr

repertoire

剧目
Meaning
A stock of plays, dances, or pieces that a company or a performer knows or is prepared to perform.
Example
The actor's repertoire includes both comedy and drama.
演员的剧目包括喜剧和戏剧。
B2 verb /riːp/

reap

收获
Meaning
to cut or gather a crop; to receive as a consequence of actions
Example
Farmers reap wheat in the late summer.
农民在夏末收割小麦。
C1 noun rɪˈdɛmpʃən

redemption

救赎
Meaning
The action of saving or being saved from sin, error, or evil.
Example
The story highlights the theme of redemption.
这个故事突出了救赎的主题。
A1 noun /ruːm/

room

房间
Meaning
A space within a building enclosed by walls, floor, and ceiling
Example
She decorated her room with bright colors.
她用明亮的颜色装饰了她的房间。
B1 verb /ˈrɛdʒɪstər/

register

注册
Meaning
To enter or record officially on a list or in a book.
Example
You must register for the conference before the deadline.
您必须在截止日期前为会议注册。
C1 adjective /ˈruːfəl/

rueful

遗憾的
Meaning
Expressing sorrow, regret, or pity.
Example
He gave a rueful smile after losing the match.
他在输掉比赛后露出了遗憾的笑容。
B2 adjective /ˈrændəm/

Random

随机
Meaning
without pattern or predetermined order; happening by chance
Example
She selected a random book from the library shelf.
她从书架上挑选了一本随机的书。
A2 adverb /ˈrɛɡjələrli/

regularly

定期地
Meaning
at regular intervals; in a regular manner
Example
She exercises regularly to stay healthy.
她定期锻炼以保持健康。
C1 noun /rʌk/

Ruck

推搡; 混乱的人群
Meaning
a situation where a crowd of people are pushing against each other; a disorderly crowd
Example
There was a ruck at the football match.
足球比赛中发生了推搡。
A2 noun /roʊl/

role

角色
Meaning
a part or function of something
Example
Her role in the project was crucial.
她在项目中的角色至关重要。
A1 noun /raɪs/

Rice

米饭
Meaning
a cereal grain that is a staple food in many countries
Example
We eat rice with curry for dinner.
我们晚餐吃咖喱配米饭。
C1 adjective /rɪˈkʌr.ənt/

Recurrent

反复的
Meaning
happening repeatedly; occurring again and again; periodic;
Example
She has been suffering from recurrent headaches for months.
她已经有几个月反复头痛了。
B2 adjective /ˈrʌs.ti/

Rusty

生锈的; 不熟练的; 由于缺乏近期练习而受损
Meaning
affected by rust; out of practice; impaired by lack of recent practice
Example
My piano skills are rusty after not playing for years.
我的钢琴技巧生锈了，因为多年没有练习。
C1 adjective /ˈrʌs.tɪk/

Rustic

简单而不复杂；与乡村地区相关
Meaning
simple and unsophisticated; relating to rural areas
Example
The rustic cottage had wooden beams and a thatched roof.
那座乡村小屋有木梁和茅草屋顶。
B1 noun /ˈrɛntəl/

rental

租赁
Meaning
an arrangement in which something is rented, or the amount paid for renting
Example
The car rental was more expensive than we expected.
汽车租赁比我们预期的要贵。
B2 noun /ˈreɪ.zɪnz/

Raisins

葡萄干
Meaning
dried grapes, often used in cooking and baking
Example
She added raisins to the oatmeal cookies for extra sweetness.
她在燕麦饼干中加入了葡萄干，以增加甜味。
C1 verb /rɪˈtɑːrd/

retard

延迟 / 放慢
Meaning
to delay or slow down the progress of something
Example
Lack of funds may retard the development of the project.
资金不足可能会延缓项目的发展。
B1 noun /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/

replacement

替代
Meaning
the act of substituting one thing or person for another
Example
She got a replacement for her damaged phone.
她为她损坏的手机找到了一个替代品。
C1 adjective /riˈækʃəˌneri/

reactionary

反动的
Meaning
Opposing political or social progress or reform; extremely conservative.
Example
The group took a reactionary stance against the new policies.
该小组采取了反动的立场，反对新政策。
B2 noun /ˈrɒbəɹi/

robbery

抢劫
Meaning
the crime of stealing from someone or somewhere using force or threat
Example
The police are investigating the robbery at the local store.
警方正在调查当地商店的抢劫事件。
C2 noun /rɪˈkwaɪtəl/

requital

报应
Meaning
The act of returning something, such as a favor, service, or punishment; repayment or retaliation.
Example
She offered her time in requital for his kindness.
她为他的善良报以自己的时间。
B2 noun ˌrɛvəˈluːʃən

revolution

革命
Meaning
A forcible overthrow of a government or social order, in favor of a new system.
Example
The story is set during the French Revolution.
故事发生在法国大革命期间。
B2 noun /ˌrɛfəˈriː/

referee

裁判
Meaning
a person who oversees a game or match to ensure the rules are followed
Example
The referee stopped the game after a foul.
裁判在犯规后暂停了比赛。
B1 noun /ˈreɪlˌroʊd/

railroad

铁路
Meaning
a track or system of tracks made of steel rails along which trains run
Example
The railroad connects the city to several nearby towns.
铁路将城市与附近的几个小镇连接起来。
C1 noun /ˈreɪ.vən/

Raven

乌鸦
Meaning
a large, black bird with a thick bill and harsh croaking voice
Example
The raven perched on the old oak tree and cawed loudly.
那只乌鸦停在老橡树上大声地叫。
B2 noun /ˈrɛzərvwɑːr/

reservoir

水库
Meaning
A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.
Example
The city built a new reservoir to ensure enough drinking water for its residents.
这座城市建造了一个新的水库，以确保为居民提供足够的饮用水。
B2 noun /ˈrɒbər/

robber

强盗
Meaning
a person who steals property from others, often using force or threat
Example
The robber was caught after a quick police chase.
经过警方的快速追捕，强盗被抓住了。
C2 verb /rɪˈsɪnd/

rescind

撤销
Meaning
to revoke, cancel, or repeal a law, order, or agreement
Example
The company decided to rescind the job offer.
公司决定撤销工作机会。
C2 adjective rɪˈtɛn.tɪv

retentive

记忆力强
Meaning
Having strong memory or the ability to retain information for a long time.
Example
Students with a retentive memory excel in academics.
记忆力强的学生在学术上表现优异。
B2 adjective /rɪˈspek.tə.bəl/

Respectable

体面
Meaning
worthy of respect; having good reputation; decent
Example
He comes from a respectable family in the community.
他来自社区一个体面的家庭。
C1 noun /ˈroʊdənt/

rodent

啮齿动物
Meaning
a small mammal such as a mouse, rat, or squirrel, characterized by constantly growing incisors
Example
The farmer set traps to catch the rodents in his barn.
农民设置了陷阱，以捕捉谷仓中的啮齿动物。
C1 noun /rɪˈkɒnɪsəns/

reconnaissance

侦察
Meaning
A survey or exploration, especially for military or strategic purposes.
Example
The soldiers conducted a reconnaissance of the enemy camp.
士兵们进行了敌营的侦察。
B2 adjective /ˈrɪdən/

ridden

充斥
Meaning
Full of or dominated by something unpleasant.
Example
The country was ridden with corruption.
这个国家充斥着腐败。
B2 verb /rɪˈzuːm/

resume

重新开始
Meaning
to start again after a pause or interruption
Example
We will resume the meeting after lunch.
我们将在午餐后继续会议。
B1 verb /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

regard

考虑
Meaning
to consider or think of in a particular way; to look at
Example
She regards him as her best friend.
她把他当作她最好的朋友。
C1 noun /ˈræp.tʃər/

rapture

狂喜, 欣喜若狂
Meaning
A feeling of intense joy, delight, or ecstasy.
Example
She listened to the music in rapture.
她沉浸在音乐中，陶醉其中。
C1 noun /ˈraɪtʃəsnəs/

righteousness

正义
Meaning
the quality of being morally right or justifiable
Example
His life was dedicated to righteousness and truth.
他的一生致力于正义和真理。
B2 noun ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃənz

revolutions

革命
Meaning
Dramatic and wide-reaching changes in political, social, or economic systems, often involving the overthrow of a government or social order.
Example
Revolutions often lead to significant societal changes.
革命常常导致社会变革的重要变化。
B2 verb /rɪˈfreɪn/

refrain

避免
Meaning
To hold oneself back from doing something.
Example
Please refrain from smoking in this area.
请勿在此区域内吸烟。
A2 verb /ˈrɛkəɡnaɪz/

recognize

Meaning
To identify someone or something seen before; to acknowledge or accept.
Example
She did not recognize him in the crowd.
B2 verb /ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/

reproduce

再生产, 繁殖
Meaning
To make a copy of something; to generate offspring.
Example
Many animals reproduce rapidly in favorable conditions.
许多动物在有利的条件下快速繁殖。
B2 noun rɪˈpʌb.lɪk

republic

共和国
Meaning
A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, with an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.
Example
A republic is governed by representatives of the people.
共和国由人民的代表治理。
B2 verb /ˈræm.bəl/

ramble

Meaning
to talk or write at length in a confused or inconsequential way; to walk for pleasure without a fixed route.
Example
He rambled on about his childhood for hours.
C2 noun /roʊˈtʌn.də.ti/

rotundity

圆形
Meaning
the quality of being round or plump
Example
The rotundity of the balloon made it float gracefully.
气球的圆形使它优雅地漂浮。
A2 adverb /ˈrɛə(r)li/

rarely

很少
Meaning
not often, infrequently
Example
She rarely eats sweets because of her diet.
她因为饮食限制，很少吃糖果。
B2 verb rɪˈzaɪn

resign

辞职
Meaning
Voluntarily leave a job or other position.
Example
Ministers were forced to resign.
部长们被迫辞职。
A1 noun, verb /rɛst/

rest

Meaning
to cease work or movement in order to relax or recover strength
Example
He needs to rest after the long journey.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛɡnənt/

regnant

在位
Meaning
Reigning; currently holding power, authority, or dominance.
Example
The regnant queen introduced several reforms during her reign.
在位的女王在她的统治期间进行了几项改革。
C1 verb /ˈræʃənəlaɪz/

rationalize

理性化
Meaning
to attempt to explain or justify behavior or decisions with logical reasons, even if they are not true or appropriate
Example
She tried to rationalize her lateness by blaming the traffic.
她试图通过怪罪交通来为自己的迟到辩解。
B2 noun /rɪˈlʌk.təns/

Reluctance

不情愿; 犹豫
Meaning
unwillingness to do something; hesitation
Example
He showed reluctance to accept the job offer.
他表现出不情愿接受工作提议。
C1 noun /ˈruːbrɪk/

rubric

评分标准 / 指南
Meaning
A set of instructions, rules, or a heading in a document, often used for grading criteria.
Example
The teacher provided a grading rubric for the assignment.
老师提供了一个作业评分标准。