protocol
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN 英语 BN 孟加拉语 HI 印地语 ES 西班牙语 FR 法语 DE 德语 RU 俄语 ZH 中文 JA 日语
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
B2 noun /ˈproʊtəkɔːl/

protocol

协议
Meaning
an official procedure or system of rules
Example
The security team followed strict protocol during the event.
安全团队在活动期间遵循了严格的协议。
C1 adjective /ˈkɔː.zəl/

causal

因果的
Meaning
relating to or acting as a cause
Example
There is a causal link between smoking and cancer.
吸烟和癌症之间存在因果关系。
A1 noun /suːp/

Soup

汤
Meaning
a liquid food made by boiling meat, vegetables, or other ingredients in water
Example
I had a bowl of chicken soup for lunch.
我午餐吃了一碗鸡汤。
B1 adjective /ˌʌnɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

unimportant

不重要的
Meaning
not having much value, significance, or influence
Example
The detail seemed unimportant compared to the main issue.
与主要问题相比，这个细节显得不重要。
B1 adjective /ʌnˈjuː.ʒu.əl/

Unusual

不寻常; 奇怪;
Meaning
not typical; strange; different from what is normal
Example
She wore an unusual dress to the party.
她穿了一件不寻常的衣服去参加派对。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnæmərd/

enamored

着迷
Meaning
filled with love or admiration
Example
He became enamored with classical music after attending the concert.
他在参加音乐会后爱上了古典音乐。
C1 verb /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/

intimidate

Meaning
To frighten or overawe someone, especially to make them do what one wants.
Example
The bully tried to intimidate the smaller kids.
C2 noun /ˈsɑːrdʒənt ət ɑːrmz/

sergeant-at-arms

警卫员
Meaning
An officer responsible for maintaining order during meetings or legislative sessions.
Example
The sergeant-at-arms escorted the disruptive member out of the hall.
警卫员把扰乱秩序的成员从大厅带了出去。
B2 adverb /ˈbɪt.ə.li/

Bitterly

愤怒地; 严重地
Meaning
in an angry, hurt, or resentful way; extremely; severely
Example
She complained bitterly about the unfair treatment.
她对不公平的待遇愤怒地抱怨。
B1 noun /ˈʃoʊldər/

Shoulder

肩膀
Meaning
the part of the body between the neck and the arm
Example
He carried the bag over his shoulder.
他把包拿在肩膀上。
B2 noun /ˈhændlɪŋ/

handling

处理
Meaning
the act of managing or dealing with something or someone
Example
His handling of the situation was impressive.
他对情况的处理令人印象深刻。
B1 adjective /ˈaʊtər/

outer

外部
Meaning
situated on or toward the outside; external
Example
The outer layer of the jacket is waterproof.
夹克的外层是防水的。
C1 adjective /ˈplaɪənt/

pliant

灵活的，容易受影响或适应的
Meaning
flexible; easily influenced or adaptable
Example
She has a pliant personality that adapts well to new situations.
她有一个灵活的个性，能够很好地适应新环境。
B1 noun /ʃeɪm/

Shame

羞耻
Meaning
a painful feeling of humiliation or distress; something regrettable
Example
He felt deep shame for his dishonest behavior at work.
他因在工作中的不诚实行为感到深深的羞耻。
B2 noun /ˈæli/

alley

小巷
Meaning
a narrow passageway between or behind buildings
Example
They walked through a dark alley to reach the main road.
他们走过一条黑暗的小巷，来到主干道。
C1 noun dɪˌlɪb.əˈreɪ.ʃən

deliberation

深思熟虑
Meaning
Long and careful consideration or discussion.
Example
The agreement was finalized after much deliberation.
协议在经过长时间的深思熟虑后最终确定。
C2 adjective /trænzˈmɪsəbl/

transmissible

传染性
Meaning
able to be passed or spread from one person or thing to another
Example
COVID-19 is a highly transmissible disease.
COVID-19 是一种高度传染性的疾病。
C1 noun /prəˈtruːʒən/

protrusion

突出部分
Meaning
Something that sticks out or projects from a surface.
Example
The protrusion on the wall made it difficult to move the furniture.
墙上的突出部分使得移动家具变得困难。
C1 noun /mjuːˈteɪʃn/

mutation

突变，基因变异
Meaning
A change in form, structure, or nature, especially in genetics.
Example
Scientists discovered a genetic mutation that caused the disorder.
科学家发现了一种基因突变，导致了这种疾病。
A1 noun /ˈwɪntər/

winter

冬天
Meaning
the coldest season of the year, typically from December to February in the Northern Hemisphere
Example
Winter in the north can be very harsh with heavy snowfall.
北方的冬天可能非常严酷，伴随着大量降雪。
B1 adjective /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/

challenging

具有挑战性的
Meaning
difficult in a way that tests one's abilities
Example
The mountain climb was challenging but rewarding.
爬山是具有挑战性的，但也是有回报的。
C1 noun /ˈɪtʃ.i.nəs/

itchiness

痒
Meaning
The quality or condition of feeling an irritating sensation on the skin that causes a desire to scratch.
Example
Eye itchiness often leads to rubbing.
眼睛的痒感常常导致揉搓。
B2 adjective /slæk/

slack

松弛
Meaning
not tight, firm, or busy; lacking tension or activity
Example
Business is slack during the rainy season.
在雨季生意很清淡。
C1 noun /ɡaɪz/

guise

伪装
Meaning
An external form, appearance, or manner of presentation, often hiding the true nature
Example
He approached in the guise of a friend.
他以朋友的伪装接近。
B2 noun wɜːrld ˈhɛrɪtɪdʒ saɪt

World Heritage Site

世界文化遗产地
Meaning
A landmark or area selected by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance.
Example
Sundarbans is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
孙达班是联合国教科文组织的世界文化遗产地。
C1 adjective /prɪˈkoʊʃəs/

precocious

早熟
Meaning
Showing advanced development or maturity at an unusually early age.
Example
The precocious child was reading novels at the age of five.
那个早熟的孩子五岁时就能阅读小说。
B2 verb /ɪmˈpoʊzd/

imposed

强加
Meaning
forced something to be accepted or put in place
Example
The government imposed new regulations on the industry.
政府对该行业实施了新规章。
C2 noun /lækˈteɪʃən/

lactation

乳汁分泌
Meaning
the secretion of milk by the mammary glands of female mammals
Example
The doctor explained that lactation is a natural process after childbirth.
医生解释说，哺乳是分娩后的一种自然过程。
C1 adjective ˌsɪmbɪˈɒtɪk

symbiotic

共生的
Meaning
Involving interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association.
Example
The relationship between the bee and the flower is symbiotic.
蜜蜂和花朵之间的关系是共生的。
B2 adjective /ˈnoʊ.bəl/

Noble

高尚的；贵族的
Meaning
having high moral qualities; honorable; generous; of aristocratic birth
Example
His noble actions helped many people in need.
他的高尚行为帮助了许多需要帮助的人。
C1 verb /ˌkɒndɪˈsɛnd/

condescend

从高处以友善的态度
Meaning
to behave as if one is superior while being gracious to others
Example
He would not condescend to answer such a trivial question.
他不会屈尊回答如此琐碎的问题。
B2 adverb /ˈleɪ.zɪ.li/

Lazily

懒洋洋地
Meaning
in a way that shows unwillingness to work or use energy; sluggishly
Example
He lazily stretched his arms and yawned in the morning.
他懒洋洋地伸展双臂，早晨打了个哈欠。
C1 verb /spɔːn/

spawn

产生
Meaning
to produce or generate, often in large numbers
Example
The video game has spawned many sequels.
这款视频游戏已经产生了许多续集。
C1 noun /rəˈviːn/

ravine

峡谷
Meaning
A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
Example
The river carved a deep ravine through the mountains.
河流在山脉中切割出一条深深的峡谷。
C1 adjective /pləˈtɒnɪk/

platonic

柏拉图式
Meaning
relating to a close relationship that is not romantic or sexual
Example
They have a platonic friendship that has lasted for years.
他们有一段柏拉图式的友谊，已经持续了多年。
C2 noun /ˈluː.məˌnɛr.i/

luminary

杰出人物
Meaning
A person who inspires or influences others, especially in a particular field.
Example
He is considered a luminary in the world of science.
他被认为是科学界的杰出人物。
B2 noun ˈmɪdl klæs

middle-class

中产阶级
Meaning
The social group between the upper and working classes, typically consisting of well-educated people.
Example
The middle-class was largely affected by the decision.
中产阶级在这个决定中受到了很大的影响。
B2 noun /ˈæktɪvɪst/

activist

活动家
Meaning
A person who works to bring about social or political change.
Example
The activist organized a protest against pollution.
活动家组织了针对污染的抗议活动。
A1 interjection /haɪ/

hi

嗨
Meaning
a friendly greeting used when meeting someone
Example
Hi, it's nice to meet you!
嗨，很高兴见到你！
C1 adjective /ˈsɔːsi/

saucy

大胆的
Meaning
Boldly rude, cheeky, or playfully disrespectful.
Example
The child gave a saucy reply to his teacher.
那个孩子给老师一个大胆的回答。
B2 adjective /ˈstaɪ.lɪʃ/

Stylish

时尚和有吸引力；在外观上有优雅或品味
Meaning
fashionable and attractive; having elegance or taste in appearance
Example
She wore a stylish dress to the party.
她穿着一件时尚的裙子参加派对。
B1 noun /ˈwɔːtərfɔːl/

Waterfall

Meaning
a cascade of water falling from a height, formed when a river or stream flows over a precipice or steep incline
Example
The magnificent waterfall attracts thousands of tourists every year.
B1 noun /ˈkɜː.ri/

Curry

咖喱
Meaning
a dish of meat, vegetables, etc., cooked in an Indian-style sauce with hot spices
Example
I love spicy chicken curry with rice.
我喜欢和米饭一起吃辛辣的鸡肉咖喱。
C2 noun /haɪˈdrɒl.ɪ.sɪs/

hydrolysis

水解
Meaning
A chemical process that breaks down compounds by adding water, splitting complex molecules into simpler forms.
Example
Hydrolysis breaks down complex molecules into simpler forms.
水解将复杂的分子分解成更简单的形式。
C1 verb /ʌnˈsɛtl/

unsettle

扰乱
Meaning
To disturb or make someone feel anxious or uneasy.
Example
The sudden news unsettled the entire community.
突如其来的消息让整个社区感到不安。
C2 adjective /ˈsiːmli/

seemly

得体
Meaning
proper or appropriate in behavior or appearance
Example
It was not seemly to argue loudly during the ceremony.
在仪式期间大声争论是不合适的。
B1 noun /ˈkɒkˌteɪl/

cocktail

鸡尾酒
Meaning
a mixed drink typically containing alcohol and other ingredients.
Example
She ordered a cocktail at the bar.
她在酒吧点了一杯鸡尾酒。
C1 adverb kəmˈpæktli

compactly

紧凑地
Meaning
In a closely packed or dense manner.
Example
Protons and neutrons are compactly arranged.
质子和中子紧密地排列。
B1 verb /rɪˈper/

repair

修理
Meaning
to fix something that is broken or damaged
Example
The mechanic will repair the car's engine tomorrow.
机械师明天将修理汽车发动机。
B1 noun /pəˈlɪtɪʃən/

politician

政治家
Meaning
a person who is involved in politics, especially as a profession
Example
The politician promised to improve the economy.
政治家承诺改善经济。
A2 noun /kɪŋ/

King

国王
Meaning
the male ruler of an independent state, especially one who inherits the position by right of birth
Example
The king ruled the country with wisdom and fairness.
国王以智慧和公正治理国家。
B1 adjective /ˌʌnsəkˈsesfl/

Unsuccessful

失败的; 没有成功的;
Meaning
not achieving desired aims or results; failing to accomplish a purpose
Example
His unsuccessful attempt to climb the mountain left him disappointed.
他未能成功登上山顶，感到失望。
C1 adjective /ˈstɪndʒi/

stingy

吝啬
Meaning
unwilling to spend or give; miserly
Example
He is too stingy to buy a gift for his friend.
他太吝啬了，连给朋友买礼物都不愿意。
B2 noun /ʌnˈrest/

Unrest

不安；动荡；社会或政治动乱
Meaning
a state of dissatisfaction and disturbance; social or political disorder
Example
The economic crisis led to widespread social unrest.
经济危机导致了广泛的社会不安。
C2 noun /daɪˈvɛstɪtʃər/

divestiture

资产剥离
Meaning
the action of selling off or disposing of business interests or assets
Example
The divestiture of the subsidiary was completed last year.
子公司的资产剥离于去年完成。
B1 verb /prəˈsiːd/

proceed

继续
Meaning
to continue with a course of action; to move forward
Example
Let's proceed with the meeting as planned.
让我们按照计划继续开会。
B1 noun, verb /strɪŋ/

string

线
Meaning
a thin piece of cord or thread; to tie or fasten with a string
Example
She tied the package with a string.
她用一根线绑了包裹。
C2 adjective /droʊl/

droll

滑稽
Meaning
curious or unusual in a way that provokes dry amusement
Example
He had a droll sense of humor that made everyone laugh.
他有一种滑稽的幽默感，让每个人都笑了。
C2 adjective ˈtɛnsaɪl

tensile

可伸缩的
Meaning
Relating to tension; capable of being stretched.
Example
The tensile strength of the material is crucial for the construction project.
材料的抗拉强度对建筑项目至关重要。
C2 adjective /dɪˈfjuːzəbl/

diffusible

可扩散的
Meaning
able to spread or be spread through a medium
Example
Oxygen is diffusible through cell membranes.
氧气可以通过细胞膜扩散。
C1 adjective /ˈdraʊ.zi/

Drowsy

困倦的; 疲倦的; 无精打采的
Meaning
feeling sleepy and lethargic; half asleep; tired
Example
I felt drowsy after the heavy meal.
吃完重餐后我感到困倦。
C2 adjective /ɒmˈnɪʃ.ənt/

Omniscient

全知的
Meaning
having complete knowledge; all-knowing
Example
The narrator in the novel appears to be omniscient, knowing every character's thoughts.
小说中的叙述者似乎是全知的，知道每个角色的思想。
B2 verb /ˈbraɪtən/

brighten

使明亮
Meaning
to make something lighter or more colorful; to improve mood or make happier
Example
A few kind words can brighten someone's day.
几句善意的话可以让人的一天变得明亮。
C1 adjective /ʌlˈtɪəriər/

ulterior

隐藏的动机
Meaning
hidden or secret, often with a selfish motive
Example
He invited her with an ulterior motive.
他带着隐藏的动机邀请了她。
B2 noun /ˈɪə.rə/

Era

时代
Meaning
a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic
Example
The Renaissance was an era of great artistic and cultural achievement.
文艺复兴是一个伟大的艺术和文化成就的时代。
A1 noun /bæɡ/

bag

包
Meaning
a container made of flexible material, used for carrying items
Example
She carried her books in a bag.
她把书放在包里。
B2 adjective /ˈhelp.ləs/

Helpless

无助的; 虚弱的; 易受伤的
Meaning
unable to defend oneself or act without help; powerless; vulnerable
Example
The child felt helpless when lost in the crowded market.
当孩子在拥挤的市场中迷路时，他感到无助。
C1 noun ˈɡræn.dʒər

Grandeur

壮丽
Meaning
Magnificence, majesty, splendor; impressive beauty and scale.
Example
The grandeur of the Colosseum attracts millions of visitors.
罗马斗兽场的宏伟吸引了数百万游客。
B2 noun /əˈnælədʒi/

analogy

类比
Meaning
A comparison between two things for the purpose of explanation or clarification.
Example
The teacher used the analogy of a tree to explain the structure of an essay.
老师用树木的类比来解释文章的结构。
B2 noun /ˈreɪ.zər/

Razor

剃须刀
Meaning
a sharp-edged instrument used for shaving hair from the skin
Example
He shaved his beard with a sharp razor.
他用一把锋利的剃须刀刮胡子。
C1 noun /meər/

Mare

母马
Meaning
an adult female horse
Example
The beautiful mare galloped across the meadow.
美丽的母马在草地上飞奔。
A1 noun /ˈpɑːti/

party

聚会
Meaning
a social gathering of people, typically for entertainment
Example
We had a great time at the birthday party.
我们在生日聚会上度过了美好的时光。
B2 noun /ˌɔː.θɛnˈtɪs.ə.ti/

authenticity

真实性
Meaning
The quality of being authentic; genuineness or truthfulness.
Example
The authenticity of the document was verified.
文件的真实性已被验证。
C1 noun ˈkəmˌpaʊndɪŋ

compounding

复利
Meaning
The process whereby interest is added to an amount of money and future interest is calculated on the total.
Example
Compounding interest increases the value of investments over time.
复利增加投资的价值，随着时间的推移。
C2 verb /ɪˈvɪns/

evince

展示
Meaning
to show or demonstrate clearly
Example
She evinced her interest in the project through active participation.
她通过积极参与展示了对该项目的兴趣。
C1 noun /ˈɛpɪθɛt/

epithet

绰号
Meaning
A descriptive phrase or word used to characterize someone or something, often as a nickname.
Example
He earned the epithet ‘The Great’ for his remarkable achievements.
由于其卓越的成就，他赢得了‘伟大’的绰号。
C1 noun /vɪnˈjɛt/

vignette

小品
Meaning
A short, descriptive piece of writing or a brief scene.
Example
The author included a poignant vignette in the introduction of the book.
作者在书的序言中加入了一篇感人的小品。
C1 noun /ˈtʃæriət/

Chariot

战车
Meaning
an ancient horse-drawn vehicle used in warfare and racing
Example
The warrior rode his chariot into battle with great courage.
战士带着他的战车勇敢地冲向了战斗。
B2 adjective /ræʃ/

rash

草率, 鲁莽
Meaning
Acting quickly without careful consideration; reckless.
Example
It was a rash decision to invest without research.
没有研究就投资是一个鲁莽的决定。
B2 verb /ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/

persevere

坚持
Meaning
to continue trying to achieve something despite difficulty or delay
Example
He persevered through many failures before succeeding.
他在许多失败后坚持到底，最终成功了。
C1 adjective /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnʃəl/

preferential

优先的
Meaning
showing or giving advantage to one over others
Example
Members receive preferential treatment at the club.
会员在俱乐部享有优先待遇。
C1 verb kəˈrɒb.ə.reɪt

corroborate

确认
Meaning
Confirm or give support to a statement, theory, or finding.
Example
The witness corroborated the defendant's testimony.
证人核实了被告的证词。
B2 noun /ˈstɛriəˌtaɪp/

stereotype

刻板印象
Meaning
A widely held but oversimplified and fixed idea of a particular type of person or thing.
Example
It is a stereotype that all gamers are antisocial.
所有玩家都是反社会的，这是一种刻板印象。
B2 noun /ˈtriː.oʊ/

trio

三人组
Meaning
A group of three people or things, especially in music or performance.
Example
The jazz trio played beautifully at the concert.
爵士三重奏在音乐会中演奏得非常精彩。
B2 adverb /ˈsɒftli/

softly

轻声或平静地
Meaning
in a gentle or quiet way.
Example
She spoke softly so as not to wake the baby.
她轻声说话以免吵醒宝宝。
B1 noun ˈsɪs.təmz

systems

系统
Meaning
A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole.
Example
Effective systems improve productivity.
有效的系统提高了生产力。
C2 verb /boʊd/

bode

预兆
Meaning
to be an omen of a particular outcome, often something bad
Example
The dark clouds bode a heavy storm.
黑云预示着一场大风暴。
C1 adjective /dɪˈrɒɡətɔːri/

derogatory

贬低的
Meaning
Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.
Example
The article contained derogatory comments about the politician.
文章包含了对政治家的贬低评论。
C1 adjective /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/

igneous

火成
Meaning
Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Example
Granite is an igneous rock commonly used in construction.
花岗岩是一种常用于建筑的火成岩。
C1 adjective /suːˈpɜːrlətɪv/

superlative

最高级
Meaning
Of the highest quality or degree; expressing the extreme form of an adjective or adverb.
Example
Her performance was superlative, earning her a standing ovation.
她的表现是最高级的，赢得了站立的掌声。
B1 noun freɪm

Frame

框架
Meaning
A rigid structure that surrounds something such as a picture, door, or windowpane.
Example
A framed family tree can be displayed in your home.
一个框架化的家谱可以在您的家中展示。
C2 adjective /pəˈrɛmptəri/

peremptory

专横
Meaning
Insisting on immediate attention or obedience, especially in a commanding way.
Example
The officer gave a peremptory order to evacuate the building.
官员下达了一个专横的命令，要求撤离大楼。
C2 verb /əˈɡriːv/

aggrieve

使愤怒
Meaning
to cause distress or make someone feel resentful
Example
She felt aggrieved by the unfair decision.
她因不公平的决定而感到不满。
B2 noun /ˈɔr.fən.ɪʒ/

Orphanage

孤儿院
Meaning
an institution for the care and education of children who have lost their parents
Example
The charity built a new orphanage for homeless children.
慈善机构为无家可归的孩子建了一个新孤儿院。
B1 noun /ˈtʌnəl/

tunnel

隧道
Meaning
an underground passage or shaft
Example
They dug a tunnel under the river.
他们在河底挖了一个隧道。
B2 verb /ʌnˈkʌvə(r)/

uncover

揭示
Meaning
to reveal something that was hidden or secret
Example
The investigation uncovered new evidence.
调查揭示了新的证据。
C1 noun dɪˌzɝː.t̬ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

desertification

沙漠化
Meaning
The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.
Example
Deforestation accelerates desertification.
森林砍伐加速了沙漠化。
C1 verb /əˈvɛndʒ/

avenge

报仇
Meaning
to inflict harm in return for an injury or wrong done to oneself or another
Example
He vowed to avenge his brother's death.
他发誓为自己兄弟的死亡报仇。
C1 verb /prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt/

predominate

占主导地位
Meaning
To be the strongest, most common, or most influential element.
Example
Traditional values still predominate in the community.
传统价值观在社区中仍然占主导地位。
C1 noun /ˈvenəm/

Venom

毒液
Meaning
a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes; extreme malice and bitterness
Example
The snake's venom can be deadly if not treated quickly.
蛇的毒液如果不及时治疗，可能会致命。
B2 verb /ɪnˈkwaɪər/

enquire

询问
Meaning
to ask for information about something
Example
He enquired about the train schedule.
他询问了列车时刻表。
C1 adjective /ˈwaɪ.li/

Wily

狡猾的; 机智的; 狡猾的
Meaning
clever; cunning; sly
Example
The wily fox escaped from the trap using his cunning intelligence.
狡猾的狐狸利用自己的聪明才智逃脱了陷阱。
C2 noun /ɪkˈsɪʒən/

excision

切除
Meaning
the act of cutting something out, especially by surgical removal
Example
The excision of the infected tissue prevented further complications.
切除感染的组织防止了进一步的并发症。
B2 verb /pərˈsiːvd/

perceived

幸福
Meaning
to become aware of something through the senses or the mind; to understand or interpret
Example
She perceived a hint of sadness in his voice.
当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
B1 noun ˈtʊə.nə.mənt

tournament

锦标赛
Meaning
A series of contests between a number of competitors, competing for an overall prize.
Example
The tournament showcased exceptional talent.
锦标赛展示了卓越的才能。
B2 verb /kəmˈpaɪl/

compile

编制
Meaning
to collect information or material and put it together in a list, report, or book
Example
She compiled the research data into a detailed report.
她将研究数据编纂成一份详细报告。
A2 verb /taɪp/

type

打字
Meaning
to write using a keyboard or typewriter
Example
She can type very fast on the computer.
她可以在电脑上非常快地打字。
B2 noun /ˈdʒɜːr.nəl/

Journal

期刊
Meaning
a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject; a daily record of events
Example
She kept a personal journal to record her thoughts and experiences.
她保持着个人日记，以记录她的想法和经历。
C2 verb /bɪˈweɪl/

bewail

哀叹
Meaning
to express deep sorrow or regret over something; to mourn openly
Example
She bewailed the loss of her childhood home.
她哀叹失去了童年的家。
A2 noun /ˈstʌmək/

Stomach

胃
Meaning
the organ in the body where food is digested; the belly or abdomen
Example
My stomach hurts after eating too much.
吃太多后我的胃痛。
B1 verb /dɪˈpɛndɪŋ/

depending

取决于
Meaning
Being contingent on or influenced by something.
Example
The success of the plan is depending on the team's effort.
计划的成功取决于团队的努力。
B2 noun /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk ˈsɪs.təm/

economic system

经济系统
Meaning
The organized framework for production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in society.
Example
Capitalism, socialism, and mixed economies are types of economic systems.
资本主义、社会主义和混合经济是经济系统的类型。
B2 noun ˌriːkənˈstrʌkʃn

reconstruction

重建
Meaning
The action or process of reconstructing or being reconstructed.
Example
The reconstruction project took years.
重建项目花了几年时间。
B1 noun ˈplænɪŋ

planning

规划
Meaning
The process of making plans for something; the control of urban development by a local government authority.
Example
Effective planning ensures better waste management.
有效的规划确保更好的废物管理。
C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.li.ənt/

salient

重要的，突出的或显著的
Meaning
Most important, prominent, or noticeable
Example
The report highlighted the salient points of the discussion.
报告突出讨论中的重点。
A1 verb /sel/

sell

卖
Meaning
to give something to someone in exchange for money
Example
They sell fresh fruits at the market.
他们在市场上卖新鲜的水果。
C1 adjective /ˈdɒɡɪd/

dogged

顽强
Meaning
showing stubborn determination and persistence
Example
She succeeded through dogged determination.
她通过顽强的决心取得了成功。
B1 noun /ˈkʊkər/

cooker

炊具; 电饭煲
Meaning
a device or appliance used for cooking food; a person or thing that cooks
Example
The rice cooker makes cooking meals much easier.
电饭煲让做饭变得更简单。
C1 adjective /ˈbleɪmləs/

blameless

无辜
Meaning
innocent of wrongdoing; not deserving blame
Example
She remained calm and blameless throughout the investigation.
她在整个调查过程中保持冷静和无辜。
B2 noun /əˈɡrɛʃən/

aggression

侵略
Meaning
hostile or violent behavior towards others
Example
His sudden aggression surprised everyone in the meeting.
他突然的侵略行为让会议中的每个人都感到震惊。
B2 noun /ˈbæk.boʊn/

Backbone

脊柱
Meaning
the series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the pelvis; spine
Example
He injured his backbone in the accident.
他在事故中伤了他的脊柱。