C2 noun /priˈɛmpʃən/

preemption

优先购买权

Meaning

The act of taking action before someone else; the right to purchase or act before others.

Example

The company exercised preemption to acquire the land before competitors.

公司行使优先购买权，在竞争对手之前购买了土地。

A2 noun /wʊlf/

Wolf

狼

Meaning

a wild carnivorous mammal which is the largest member of the dog family

Example

The wolf howled at the full moon.

狼对着满月嚎叫。

B2 adjective, noun /ˈɛəriəl/

aerial

空中 / 天线

Meaning

As an adjective: existing or happening in the air. As a noun: an antenna for receiving radio or television signals.

Example

The pilot performed an amazing aerial maneuver.

飞行员执行了一个令人惊叹的空中机动。

C1 adjective /ˌʌnrɪˈfaɪnd/

unrefined

未精炼的

Meaning

not processed or purified; lacking polish or sophistication

Example

The unrefined oil must be processed before it can be used as fuel.

未精炼的石油在用作燃料之前必须进行加工。

C1 noun /hoʊks/

Hoax

骗局; 欺骗; 愚弄

Meaning

a humorous or malicious deception; something intended to trick or deceive people

Example

The news about aliens landing turned out to be an elaborate hoax created by pranksters.

外星人着陆的新闻结果证明是一种由恶作剧者创造的精心策划的恶作剧。

C2 adjective /ˈbʊərɪʃ/

boorish

粗鲁

Meaning

Rude, insensitive, and lacking manners or refinement.

Example

His boorish behavior ruined the dinner party.

他的粗鲁行为毁了晚宴。

C2 noun /ˌtɛliˈɒlədʒi/

teleology

目的论

Meaning

the explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve rather than by cause

Example

Aristotle is often associated with the concept of teleology in philosophy.

亚里士多德常与哲学中的目的论概念相关联。

C1 noun kəˈlæt.ər.əl

collateral

作为贷款担保的财产

Meaning

Something pledged as security for repayment of a loan, to be forfeited in the event of a default.

Example

The bank requires collateral for loan approval.

银行要求贷款批准时提供担保物品。

B2 noun /ˈten.dər.nəs/

Tenderness

温柔

Meaning

gentleness and kindness; the quality of being easily hurt or damaged

Example

The mother showed great tenderness while caring for her sick child.

母亲在照顾生病的孩子时表现出了极大的温柔。

C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

保险库 / 跳跃

Meaning

A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.

Example

The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.

银行将其黄金条存放在一个安全的金库中。

B2 noun /ˈdɛnɪmz/

denims

牛仔布裤

Meaning

pants or clothes made from denim fabric, usually jeans

Example

He wore blue denims with a white shirt.

他穿着蓝色牛仔裤和白衬衫。

C2 adjective /ˈmiː.di.əl/

medial

内侧

Meaning

Situated in or pertaining to the middle; located toward the midline of the body or structure.

Example

The medial side of the knee is more prone to injury.

膝盖的内侧更容易受伤。

C2 noun /ˌmɑːrtəˈnɛt/

martinet

严格的纪律管理员

Meaning

A strict disciplinarian who demands rigid adherence to rules.

Example

The new manager was such a martinet that even minor infractions were punished.

新经理如此严格，以至于即使是小的违章行为也会受到惩罚。

C1 noun ˌpraɪɔːrɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən

prioritization

优先排序

Meaning

The action or process of deciding the relative importance or urgency of things.

Example

Effective prioritization ensures resources are used efficiently.

有效的优先排序确保资源得到有效利用。

B2 adverb /ˈnoʊtəbli/

notably

显著地

Meaning

used to indicate something worthy of attention or significant

Example

She is notably talented in painting.

她在绘画方面非常有才华。

A2 noun reɪndʒ

range

范围

Meaning

The extent or scope of something; the distance that can be covered or the limits within which something operates.

Example

The new electric car has a range of 400 miles.

这款新电动车的续航范围是400英里。

B2 noun /ˌaɪ.səˈleɪ.ʃən/

Isolation

隔离

Meaning

the process or fact of isolating or being isolated; separation from other people or things

Example

The patient was kept in isolation to prevent the spread of the infectious disease.

病人被隔离，以防止传染病的传播。

B1 noun /ˈæŋkəl/

ankle

脚踝

Meaning

the joint connecting the foot with the leg

Example

He twisted his ankle while playing football.

他在踢足球时扭伤了脚踝。

C2 noun /ˈænɪməs/

animus

敌意 / 目的

Meaning

A strong feeling of hostility; motivation or purpose behind an action.

Example

His speech was driven by animus against the policy.

他的演讲是由对政策的敌意驱动的。

B1 noun /tɪn/

tin

锡

Meaning

a metal container; a chemical element (Sn)

Example

She bought a tin of biscuits from the store.

她从商店买了一罐饼干。

B2 noun /həˈraɪ.zənz/

horizons

地平线

Meaning

The limit of a person's mental perception, experience, or interest.

Example

The telescope opens new horizons for astronomy.

望远镜为天文学打开了新的地平线。

C1 noun /ˌmænɪˈfɛstoʊ/

manifesto

宣言

Meaning

a public declaration of policy and aims, especially by a political party

Example

The party released its manifesto before the election.

政党在选举前发布了其宣言。

C2 noun /ˌmɪsˈruːl/

misrule

恶政

Meaning

bad or poor governance

Example

The kingdom suffered for decades under misrule.

王国在几十年里饱受恶政之苦。

B1 adjective hɪˈstɔːrɪk

historic

历史的

Meaning

Famous or significant in history, or potentially so.

Example

Victory Day is a historic moment for Bangladesh.

胜利日是孟加拉国的一个历史性时刻。

C1 adjective /raɪf/

rife

普遍

Meaning

widespread or common, often in a negative sense

Example

Corruption was rife in the old government system.

腐败在旧政府体制中盛行。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnækˈsɛsəbl/

inaccessible

无法接近

Meaning

unable to be reached, entered, or understood

Example

The remote village is almost inaccessible during the rainy season.

这个偏远的村庄在雨季几乎是无法接近的。

C2 adjective /ˌnɒnˈtrɪviəl/

nontrivial

非平凡

Meaning

Not simple or easy; requiring effort or significant thought.

Example

Solving the equation turned out to be a nontrivial task.

解决方程被证明是一个非平凡的任务。

C2 noun /maɪˈæzmə/

miasma

恶臭空气

Meaning

An unpleasant or unhealthy smell or atmosphere.

Example

A miasma of decay hung over the abandoned house.

腐烂的气味弥漫在废弃的房子上方。

C1 verb /ˈnjuːtrəlaɪz/

neutralize

中和

Meaning

to make something ineffective or harmless

Example

The medicine helped neutralize the poison in his system.

药物帮助中和了他体内的毒素。

B1 verb /θrɪl/

Thrill

激动

Meaning

to cause someone to feel very excited and pleased

Example

The roller coaster ride thrills adventure seekers.

过山车之旅让冒险爱好者感到兴奋。

B2 noun /ˈæŋk.lət/

Anklet

脚链

Meaning

a piece of jewelry worn around the ankle

Example

She wore a beautiful silver anklet on her left foot.

她在左脚上戴着一个漂亮的银脚链。

C1 adjective /ˈstɔːlwərt/

stalwart

坚定, 忠诚

Meaning

Loyal, reliable, and hardworking; strongly built or sturdy.

Example

She has always been a stalwart supporter of the community.

她一直是社区的坚定支持者。

C1 noun /ˈbʌrə, ˈbʊrə/

borough

区

Meaning

A town, district, or administrative division, especially one with its own local government.

Example

Brooklyn is a borough of New York City.

布鲁克林是纽约市的一个区。

C2 verb /əˈvʌls/

avulse

撕裂

Meaning

to tear away or separate forcibly, especially in medical or geological contexts

Example

The surgeon had to avulse the damaged tissue during the operation.

外科医生在手术中必须把受损的组织撕裂。

B2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈsiː/

oversee

监督

Meaning

to supervise or watch over something; to manage and direct

Example

The manager will oversee the entire construction project.

经理将监督整个建筑项目。

A1 pronoun /juː/

you

你

Meaning

used to refer to the person or people being spoken to

Example

You are doing a great job!

你做得很好！

C1 adjective /ˈpɪər.ləs/

Peerless

无与伦比的; 独一无二的; 无竞争对手的

Meaning

unequaled; having no match or equal; without rival

Example

Her peerless beauty captivated everyone.

她无与伦比的美丽吸引了所有人。

B1 noun /ˈpeɪstri/

pastry

糕点

Meaning

a baked food product made from flour, fat, and water, often sweet or savory

Example

I bought a box of fresh pastries for breakfast.

我买了一个盒子的新鲜糕点作为早餐。

C1 noun /pɒˈstɛrɪti/

posterity

后代

Meaning

All future generations of people.

Example

The monument was built for the benefit of posterity.

这座纪念碑是为后代的利益而建造的。

B2 noun /ɪnˈspɛktər/

inspector

检查员

Meaning

An official employed to ensure regulations are obeyed or standards are met.

Example

The inspector carefully checked the restaurant's kitchen for hygiene standards.

检查员仔细检查了餐厅的厨房是否符合卫生标准。

C2 adjective /ˈbʌmpʃəs/

bumptious

自负的

Meaning

Arrogantly self-assertive or conceited.

Example

The bumptious student interrupted the teacher several times.

那个自负的学生打断了老师好几次。

C2 adjective /ˌhɜːrkjʊˈliːən/

herculean

极其困难

Meaning

Requiring great strength or effort; very difficult to perform.

Example

It was a herculean task to rebuild the city after the disaster.

灾难后重建城市是一项极其困难的任务。

C1 noun ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

degradation

退化

Meaning

The condition or process of degrading or being degraded.

Example

Soil degradation due to overuse is a growing issue.

由于过度使用，土壤退化是一个日益严重的问题。

B2 adverb /ˈdɛspərətli/

desperately

绝望地

Meaning

in a way that shows despair or great need

Example

He called for help desperately after the accident.

事故发生后，他绝望地呼叫帮助。

C2 noun /ˈpælɪmpsɛst/

palimpsest

重写本

Meaning

a manuscript or document that has been written over but still bears traces of earlier writing; something reused or altered but still retaining traces of its earlier form

Example

The ancient manuscript was a palimpsest, showing faint traces of previous texts beneath the new writing.

这本古老的手稿是一个重写本，下面隐藏着以前文本的微弱痕迹。

B2 adjective /ɪkˈsprɛsɪv/

expressive

表达性

Meaning

Effectively conveying thought or feeling.

Example

Her eyes were so expressive that no words were needed.

她的眼睛如此表达性，以至于不需要任何话语。

C1 noun /əˌlɪtəˈreɪʃən/

alliteration

头韵

Meaning

the occurrence of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words in close succession

Example

She used alliteration in her poem to add musicality.

她在诗中使用了头韵来增加音乐性。

C1 adjective /ˌjuːnɪˈlætərəl/

Unilateral

单方面

Meaning

one-sided; involving only one party

Example

The country made a unilateral decision to withdraw from the treaty.

这个国家做出了单方面的决定，退出了条约。

C2 noun /ˌɪnkænˈdɛsəns/

incandescence

白炽光

Meaning

the emission of light from a hot object; brilliance

Example

The incandescence of the candle filled the dark room.

蜡烛的白炽光填满了黑暗的房间。

B1 verb /prəˈmoʊt/

promote

推广

Meaning

to help something develop or increase; to advance someone to a higher position

Example

The company promotes environmental awareness.

公司推广环保意识。

A2 pronoun /hɪmˈself/

himself

他自己

Meaning

Used to emphasize that a male person does something by his own effort.

Example

He fixed the car himself.

他自己修好了车。

C1 noun /ˈkɒrənər/

coroner

法医

Meaning

an official who investigates sudden, violent, or suspicious deaths

Example

The coroner determined the cause of death was natural.

法医确定死亡原因是自然的。

C1 noun /əˈlɜːrtnəs/

alertness

警觉性

Meaning

the state of being mentally aware and quick to notice or respond; vigilance

Example

The driver maintained a high level of alertness during the long journey.

司机在长途驾驶中保持了高度的警觉性。

C1 noun koʊˈhisɪv ˈjunɪts

cohesive units

凝聚的单元

Meaning

Groups or organizations that work together as unified wholes, with members closely bound together.

Example

Early humans formed cohesive units for survival.

早期人类为了生存，形成了凝聚的单元。

C1 adjective /ɔːˌθɒr.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/

authoritarian

专制

Meaning

Demanding absolute obedience to authority; excessively controlling or strict in governance.

Example

Authoritarian parenting often limits a child's independence.

专制的育儿方式常常限制孩子的独立性。

B2 adjective ɪkˈsplɪsɪt

explicit

明确

Meaning

Stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.

Example

The instructions were explicit, leaving no room for confusion.

这些指令是明确的，没有留下任何混淆的空间。

C2 noun ট্রোপোস্ফিয়ার

troposphere

对流层

Meaning

The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere where weather phenomena occur.

Example

The troposphere is where weather phenomena occur.

对流层是天气现象发生的地方。

C1 verb /flɑp/

flop

失败

Meaning

to fall or move heavily and clumsily; to fail completely

Example

The new movie flopped at the box office.

新电影在票房上失败了。

B1 verb /əˈsɪst/

assist

帮助

Meaning

to help or support someone in doing something

Example

The nurse will assist the doctor during the surgery.

护士将协助医生进行手术。

A2 noun; adverb /pərˈsɛnt/

percent

百分之

Meaning

a proportion out of one hundred; by each hundred

Example

Sales increased by ten percent this year.

今年销售额增加了百分之十。

B1 adjective pəˈlɪtɪkəl

political

政治的

Meaning

Relating to the government or public affairs of a country; relating to politics or political parties.

Example

The political agenda included autonomy.

政治议程包括自治。

C1 adjective /ˈɔːrəl/

aural

听觉的

Meaning

Relating to the ear or the sense of hearing.

Example

The lecture was an aural experience as well as an intellectual one.

讲座是一次听觉体验，和一次智力体验一样。

B2 noun /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

classification

分类

Meaning

the action or process of classifying something into groups based on shared characteristics.

Example

The classification of animals helps in understanding their biology.

动物的分类有助于理解它们的生物学。

A2 modal verb /ɔːt/

ought

应该

Meaning

Used to indicate duty, correctness, or moral obligation.

Example

You ought to respect your elders.

你应该尊重长辈。

C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

来源

Meaning

The origin or source of something.

Example

The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.

博物馆验证了古代手稿的出处。

A1 noun /tʃaɪld/

child

孩子

Meaning

a young human being below the age of puberty or below the legal age of majority

Example

The child played happily in the park.

孩子在公园里快乐地玩耍。

B2 noun /ˈkʌlprɪt/

culprit

罪犯

Meaning

a person who is responsible for a crime or misdeed

Example

The police caught the culprit behind the robbery.

警察抓住了抢劫案背后的罪犯。

A2 noun /ɪˈfekt/

Effect

效果; 结果; 后果

Meaning

a change that is a result or consequence of an action or other cause

Example

The new medicine had a positive effect on the patient's recovery.

新药物对患者的恢复产生了积极的效果。

C2 noun /ˈræɡəmʌfɪn/

ragamuffin

破烂的孩子

Meaning

A person, typically a child, in ragged, dirty clothes.

Example

The little ragamuffin begged for food on the street.

那个小破烂的孩子在街上乞讨食物。

A2 verb /teɪk ɒf/

take off

起飞; 脱下

Meaning

to remove something; to leave the ground and begin flying (airplane); to suddenly become successful or popular

Example

The airplane will take off in ten minutes.

飞机将在十分钟后起飞。

C1 noun /məˈleɪz/

malaise

不适

Meaning

a general feeling of discomfort, illness, or unease whose exact cause is difficult to identify

Example

After the long journey, she felt a general malaise.

长时间旅行后，她感到一种普遍的不适。

B1 verb /lend/

lend

借出

Meaning

to give temporarily; to allow someone to use something

Example

Can you lend me your pen?

你能借给我你的钢笔吗？

B2 noun /rʌst/

Rust

铁锈

Meaning

reddish-brown coating formed on iron or steel by oxidation; corrosion

Example

The old car was covered in rust after years of neglect.

那辆旧车在多年忽视之后被铁锈覆盖。

B2 adjective /kəmˈpækt/

Compact

紧凑; 小巧且高效设计

Meaning

closely and neatly packed together; small and efficiently designed

Example

She bought a compact car that fits easily in small parking spaces.

她买了一辆紧凑型汽车，轻松停入小停车位。

A2 conjunction /ɔːlˈðoʊ/

although

尽管

Meaning

in spite of the fact that; even though

Example

Although it was raining, they went for a walk.

尽管下雨，他们还是去散步了。

C1 adverb/adjective /vɜːˈbeɪ.tɪm/

verbatim

逐字或逐句

Meaning

In exactly the same words as were used originally; word for word repetition.

Example

She repeated his instructions verbatim to avoid errors.

她逐字重复了他的指示，以避免错误。

B2 adjective /ˈpoʊ.lər/

polar

极地的，关于两极的

Meaning

relating to the North or South Pole; opposite in nature or character

Example

Penguins live in polar regions of the Earth.

企鹅生活在地球的极地地区。

B1 noun /ˌdiː.enˈeɪ/

dna

脱氧核糖核酸

Meaning

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms.

Example

Scientists extracted DNA from the ancient bones.

科学家从古代骨头中提取了DNA。

C1 noun /ˈlɔːsuːt/

lawsuit

诉讼

Meaning

a legal case brought to a court of law by one person against another

Example

The company faced a lawsuit over false advertising.

公司因虚假广告而面临诉讼。

C1 adjective /ɛnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdɪk/

encyclopedic

百科全书的

Meaning

Having comprehensive knowledge of many subjects; relating to or characteristic of an encyclopedia.

Example

Her encyclopedic knowledge of history amazed everyone at the conference.

她对历史的百科全书式知识令会议上的所有人都惊讶不已。

C1 adjective /ˈniːd.ləs/

Needless

不必要的

Meaning

unnecessary; not required; without purpose

Example

The argument was needless and could have been avoided.

这场争论是多余的，本来可以避免。

C2 noun /ˌɪmprəˈsɑːrioʊ/

impresario

主办人

Meaning

A person who organizes or finances concerts, plays, or operas.

Example

The impresario arranged a series of concerts for the rising star.

这位印普雷萨里奥为崭露头角的明星安排了一系列的音乐会。

B1 verb /pɑːrˈtɪsɪpeɪt/

participate

参加

Meaning

to take part in or become involved in an activity

Example

Students are encouraged to participate in extracurricular activities.

鼓励学生参加课外活动。

C2 adjective /ˌɪndaɪˈdʒestəbəl/

Indigestible

难以消化; 难以处理

Meaning

difficult or impossible to digest; hard to process in the stomach

Example

The old bread became hard and indigestible.

老面包变得坚硬且难以消化。

B1 noun ˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃənz

Generations

几代人

Meaning

All of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively.

Example

The family tree spans several generations.

家族树跨越了好几代。

C2 verb /ˈtʃeɪfɪŋ/

chafing

摩擦引起疼痛

Meaning

To make sore by rubbing; to become irritated.

Example

The rough shoes were chafing his heels.

粗糙的鞋子擦痛了他的脚跟。

C2 noun /klaɪm/

clime

气候带

Meaning

A region defined by its climate.

Example

He traveled to warmer climes during the winter.

他在冬天去温暖的气候带旅行。

A2 adjective /ˈfɔːrən/ or /ˈfɑːrən/

foreign

外国的

Meaning

Belonging to or coming from another country.

Example

She loves studying foreign languages.

她喜欢学习外国语言。

C1 adjective /ˈplʌk.i/

plucky

勇敢

Meaning

having or showing courage and determination

Example

The plucky child rescued the kitten from the tree.

勇敢的孩子从树上救出了小猫。

B2 noun /ˈɪnfənt/

infant

婴儿

Meaning

A very young child or baby.

Example

The infant was sleeping peacefully in the cradle.

婴儿在摇篮中安静地睡着。

C1 noun /ɪmˌpɒsəˈbɪlɪti/

impossibility

不可能性

Meaning

the state or fact of being impossible; something that cannot be done or achieved

Example

Finishing the project in one day was an impossibility.

在一天内完成这个项目是不可能的。

C2 verb /ʌpˈhiːv/

upheave

抬起

Meaning

to lift or raise something forcefully; to cause to rise suddenly

Example

The workers had to upheave the heavy stone to clear the path.

工人们不得不抬起重石来清理道路。

B2 adjective /ˈdɛlɪkət/

delicate

脆弱

Meaning

Easily broken or damaged; requiring careful handling.

Example

The vase is very delicate, so handle it with care.

这个花瓶非常脆弱，所以请小心拿。

A1 verb /stɑːrt/

start

开始

Meaning

to begin something; to commence; to initiate

Example

Let's start the meeting now.

让我们现在开始会议。

B1 adverb /ˈpɑrtli/

Partly

部分地; 在某种程度上;

Meaning

to some extent; not completely; in part

Example

The weather was partly cloudy today.

今天天气部分多云。

C2 adjective /ˈsɪlieɪtɪd/

ciliated

带有纤毛的

Meaning

Having minute hairlike projections (cilia) on the surface of cells or organisms.

Example

The ciliated cells in the respiratory tract help move mucus out of the lungs.

呼吸道中的纤毛细胞帮助将粘液排出肺部。

询问

Meaning

to ask for information about something

Example

He enquired about the train schedule.

他询问了列车时刻表。