B1 noun, verb /paʊnd/

pound

英镑

Meaning

a unit of weight equal to 16 ounces or a unit of currency

Example

The price of the book is five pounds.

这本书的价格是五英镑。

B1 adjective /ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/

academic

学术的

Meaning

related to education, learning, or scholarly activities

Example

She has an outstanding academic record.

她有一个卓越的学术记录。

B1 noun /swet/

Sweat

汗水

Meaning

moisture exuded through the pores of the skin, typically as a reaction to heat, physical exertion, fever, or fear

Example

After running for an hour, he was covered in sweat.

跑了一小时后，他浑身是汗。

B1 noun /ˈtʃɛərˌwʊmən/

chairwoman

女主席

Meaning

a woman who presides over a meeting, committee, or organization; a female leader of a board or council

Example

She was elected chairwoman of the company after years of experience.

在多年的经验之后，她被选为公司的女主席。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈwel/

Unwell

不舒服; 生病

Meaning

not in good health; feeling sick or ill

Example

She has been feeling unwell since yesterday.

她从昨天开始感到不舒服。

B1 verb /fel/

fell

砍倒, 伐木

Meaning

to cut down a tree; to cause to fall; to strike down

Example

The lumberjacks felled several trees in the forest today.

伐木工今天在森林里砍倒了几棵树。

B1 adverb /ˈfʊli/

fully

完全

Meaning

completely or entirely; to the fullest extent

Example

She is fully aware of the risks.

她完全意识到这些风险。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈlaɪk/

Unlike

不同的; 不相似的

Meaning

different from; not similar to

Example

Unlike his brother, he prefers quiet activities.

与他哥哥不同，他喜欢安静的活动。

B1 noun /ˌdek.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

Decoration

装饰; 装饰品; 奖项;

Meaning

the process or art of decorating something; ornamental items used to beautify

Example

The Christmas decoration transformed the ordinary room into a festive wonderland.

圣诞装饰把普通房间变成了一个节日奇境。

B1 verb /bʌmp/

bump

撞击

Meaning

To hit something or someone by accident; to knock against something.

Example

He accidentally bumped into the door.

他不小心撞到了门。

B1 noun /ˈtreɪlər/

trailer

预告片 / 拖车

Meaning

a preview of a movie or a vehicle used for transporting goods

Example

The movie trailer was released last week.

电影预告片上周发布了。

B1 noun /ˈwelˌbiː.ɪŋ/

well-being

福祉

Meaning

The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.

Example

Eye lubrication is crucial for overall well-being.

眼睛的润滑对于整体福祉至关重要。

B1 noun ˌɔː.ɡən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

organization

组织

Meaning

An organized group of people with a particular purpose, such as a business or government department.

Example

The organization was officially inaugurated in 2024.

该组织于2024年正式启用。

Meaning

to bend something, especially paper or cloth, so that one part covers another

Example

She folded the letter neatly before placing it in the envelope.

B1 adjective /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/

disgusting

令人作呕

Meaning

extremely unpleasant or offensive; causing strong dislike or revulsion

Example

The smell coming from the trash can was absolutely disgusting.

垃圾桶散发的气味非常令人作呕。

B1 adjective /ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl/

electrical

电的

Meaning

related to electricity or the use of electrical power

Example

The electrical system in the house needs repair.

房子的电力系统需要修理。

B1 noun ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl ɪnˈtɛl.ɪ.dʒəns

artificial intelligence

人工智能

Meaning

The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence.

Example

Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing education through smart tutoring.

人工智能通过智能辅导正在革新教育。

B1 adverb /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

Entirely

完全地; 完全

Meaning

completely; wholly; fully

Example

The building was entirely destroyed in the fire.

这座建筑在火灾中完全被摧毁。

B1 noun /ˈfɪzɪks/

physics

物理学

Meaning

the natural science that studies matter, energy, and the interactions between them

Example

She decided to major in physics at the university.

她决定在大学主修物理学。

B1 adjective /ɪmˈpres.ɪv/

Impressive

令人印象深刻的

Meaning

striking; remarkable; having the ability to impress

Example

Her impressive performance earned her a standing ovation.

她出色的表演赢得了全场起立鼓掌。

B1 verb /hʊk/

hook

钩子

Meaning

to catch with a hook; to fasten

Example

He hooked the fish successfully.

他成功地钩住了那条鱼。

B1 adverb /ˈdeɪndʒərəsli/

Dangerously

危险地

Meaning

in a way that could cause harm or injury; riskily

Example

He was driving dangerously fast on the highway.

他在高速公路上开得非常危险。

B1 noun /ˈpeɪstri/

pastry

糕点

Meaning

a baked food product made from flour, fat, and water, often sweet or savory

Example

I bought a box of fresh pastries for breakfast.

我买了一个盒子的新鲜糕点作为早餐。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈfɔːr.tʃən.ət/

Unfortunate

不幸的；遗憾的

Meaning

having bad luck; regrettable or unlucky

Example

It was unfortunate that the meeting was cancelled at the last minute.

很不幸的是，会议在最后一刻被取消了。

B1 noun ˌkɒnsənˈtreɪʃən

concentration

集中

Meaning

The action or power of focusing one's attention or mental effort on a particular object or activity

Example

Concentration is key to mastering any skill.

集中是掌握任何技能的关键。

B1 verb /siːl/

seal

封闭，密封

Meaning

to close or secure something tightly or officially confirm something

Example

He sealed the envelope before sending the letter.

他在寄信之前封住了信封。

B1 verb /seɪl/

sail

扬帆旅行

Meaning

to travel on water in a boat or ship using sails or by wind power

Example

They sailed across the Atlantic Ocean last summer.

他们去年夏天横渡了大西洋。

B1 noun /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

lighting

照明

Meaning

the arrangement or use of light in a place; the act of providing light

Example

The lighting in the restaurant created a warm and cozy atmosphere.

餐厅的灯光创造了温暖而舒适的氛围。

B1 noun /ɪkˈspres treɪn/

Express Train

快车

Meaning

a fast train that travels between major stations with few or no intermediate stops

Example

The express train reached the destination in half the usual time.

快车以半小时到达目的地。

B1 noun /keɪv/

Cave

洞穴; 空洞;

Meaning

a large underground chamber in a hill or cliff; a hollow space in rock

Example

The explorers discovered ancient paintings on the cave walls.

探险者在洞穴的墙壁上发现了古老的画作。

B1 adjective /əˈʃeɪmd/

Ashamed

羞愧

Meaning

feeling embarrassed or guilty because of one's actions

Example

He was ashamed of his poor performance.

他为自己的糟糕表现感到羞愧。

B1 adjective, verb (past participle of wear) /wɔːrn/

worn

磨损的

Meaning

damaged, weakened, or deteriorated from use or age

Example

His shoes were old and worn.

他的鞋子很旧，磨损严重。

B1 adjective /ˈkɔːʃəs/

cautious

谨慎

Meaning

careful to avoid potential problems or dangers

Example

She was cautious about trusting strangers.

她在信任陌生人时非常谨慎。

B1 adjective /luːs/

loose

松

Meaning

not firmly or tightly fixed in place

Example

The screw is loose and needs tightening.

螺丝松动，需要紧固。

B1 noun /əˈnaʊnsmənt/

announcement

公告

Meaning

a public or formal statement giving information

Example

The principal made an important announcement about the new schedule.

校长关于新时间表做了一个重要的公告。

B1 noun /məˈdʒɪʃən/

magician

魔术师

Meaning

A person who performs tricks and illusions for entertainment or one believed to have magical powers.

Example

The magician pulled a rabbit out of his hat.

魔术师从他的帽子里拿出了兔子。

B1 noun /ˌɑk.jəˈpeɪ.ʃən/

Occupation

职业; 工作; 占领

Meaning

a job or profession; the action of taking control of a place

Example

Teaching is her chosen occupation.

教学是她选择的职业。

B1 noun /ˈtʃɛərmən/

chairman

幸福

Meaning

the leader or head of a meeting, committee, or organization

Example

The chairman opened the meeting with a short speech.

当她获得奖项时，她无法隐藏自己的幸福。

B1 noun ˌrek.ə.menˈdeɪ.ʃənz

recommendations

建议

Meaning

Suggestions or proposals as to the best course of action.

Example

The commission submitted their recommendations.

委员会提交了他们的建议。

B1 noun /ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt/

enjoyment

享受

Meaning

the state or process of taking pleasure or satisfaction in something

Example

She felt great enjoyment while reading her favorite book.

她在阅读她最喜欢的书时感到极大的享受。

B1 noun /ˈpɔːrʃən/

portion

部分

Meaning

A part or share of something.

Example

She ate only a small portion of the meal.

她只吃了餐点的一小部分。

B1 noun /ˈpɜr.fjuːm/

Perfume

香水

Meaning

a fragrant liquid made from essential oils and alcohol; a pleasant smell

Example

She wore her favorite perfume to the party.

她穿着最喜欢的香水去参加聚会。

B1 adjective /ɪkˈspɛktɪd/

expected

预期的

Meaning

Regarded as likely to happen; anticipated or predicted.

Example

The unemployment rate is expected to decline further.

预计失业率将进一步下降。

B1 noun /ˌvɒl.ənˈtɪər/

Volunteer

志愿者

Meaning

a person who freely offers to take part in an enterprise or undertake a task

Example

Many volunteers helped distribute food to the homeless.

许多志愿者帮助无家可归的人分发食物。

B1 noun /ˈsmoʊkər/

smoker

吸烟者

Meaning

A person who smokes tobacco or other substances

Example

He is a heavy smoker and tries to quit every year.

他是一个吸烟者，每年都试图戒烟。

B1 noun /ˈfeɪ.vər/

Favour

好意; 帮助; 仁慈

Meaning

approval, support, or liking for someone or something; a kind or helpful act

Example

Could you do me a favour and help me move this heavy box?

你能帮我一个忙，帮我搬动这个重箱子吗？

B1 noun /ˈmoʊ.ʃən/

Motion

运动; 移动的动作

Meaning

the action of moving or being moved; a formal proposal

Example

The car was in constant motion during the journey.

这辆车在整个旅程中一直处于运动状态。

B1 noun /ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/

instruction

指令

Meaning

Detailed information telling how something should be done or operated.

Example

Please read the instruction carefully before using the machine.

请在使用机器前仔细阅读指令。

B1 noun /bɑːn/

barn

谷仓

Meaning

a large building used for storing grain or housing farm animals

Example

The farmer keeps his cows in the barn.

农民把他的牛放在谷仓里。

B1 adjective, verb /əˈproʊpriət/ (adj), /əˈproʊprieɪt/ (verb)

appropriate

适当的 / 占用

Meaning

suitable or proper in the circumstances (adj); to take something for one’s own use, often without permission (verb)

Example

Wearing formal clothes was appropriate for the ceremony.

穿正式衣服是适合这个仪式的。

B1 noun /ˈfʌndɪŋ/

funding

资金

Meaning

financial support for a project or organization

Example

The startup is seeking funding from investors.

初创公司正在寻求投资者的资金支持。

B1 noun ɪˈməʊʃənz

emotions

情感

Meaning

Strong feelings deriving from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with others.

Example

Emotions ran high during the protests.

在抗议期间，情感高涨。

B1 noun /ˈnaɪt.meər/

Nightmare

噩梦

Meaning

a frightening or unpleasant dream; a very unpleasant experience

Example

The exam was a complete nightmare for unprepared students.

考试对未准备的学生来说是一场彻底的噩梦。

B1 noun, verb /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/

sailing

帆船运动

Meaning

The act of traveling in a boat or ship using sails; the sport or activity of navigating a boat with sails.

Example

We went sailing on the lake during the summer.

我们夏天在湖上去帆船运动。

B1 adjective /blæŋk/

blank

空白

Meaning

showing no expression or containing nothing written, printed, or recorded.

Example

Her face went blank when she heard the bad news.

当她听到坏消息时，她的脸变得空白。

B1 noun /ˈvɒl.juːm/

volume

体积

Meaning

the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container

Example

The volume of water in the tank increased after the rain.

雨后水箱中的体积增加了。

B1 noun /nest/

Nest

鸟巢

Meaning

a structure built by birds to lay eggs and shelter their young

Example

The bird built a nest in the tree.

鸟儿在树上建了一个鸟巢。

B1 noun /ˈvəʊtə/

voter

选民

Meaning

a person who votes in an election

Example

Voters lined up outside the polling station to cast their ballots.

选民们排队站在投票站外，等待投票。

B1 noun /əˈmjuːzmənt/

Amusement

娱乐; 快乐; 娱乐活动

Meaning

the state or experience of finding something funny; entertainment or recreational activities

Example

The children's laughter showed their amusement at the clown's performance.

孩子们的笑声展示了他们对小丑表演的娱乐。

B1 noun kəˈmɪt.mənts

commitments

承诺

Meaning

Formal pledges or promises to do something, especially in terms of obligations or agreements.

Example

Global commitments to renewable energy are increasing.

全球对可再生能源的承诺正在增加。

B1 verb /prəˈnaʊns/

pronounce

发音

Meaning

to say words correctly; to declare officially

Example

She can pronounce French words perfectly.

她可以完美地发音法语单词。

B1 noun /tʃiːk/

Cheek

脸颊; 无礼;

Meaning

either side of the face below the eye; impudent or disrespectful behavior

Example

The baby's rosy cheeks showed she was healthy and happy.

宝宝的红润脸颊显示她健康快乐。

B1 noun /ɡæp/

gap

空隙 / 差距

Meaning

An empty space or break between two objects or parts; a difference or disparity.

Example

There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor.

富人和穷人之间存在着巨大的差距。

B1 verb /rɪˈtaɪə/

retire

退休

Meaning

to stop working after reaching a certain age or having completed a career

Example

She decided to retire after working for 40 years.

她决定在工作了40年后退休。

B1 verb /ˈberi/

bury

埋葬

Meaning

to put in the ground; to hide; to cover completely

Example

The dog buries its bone in the yard.

狗把它的骨头埋在院子里。

B1 noun /ˈsiːlɪŋ/

ceiling

天花板

Meaning

the upper interior surface of a room

Example

The ceiling of the hall was painted beautifully.

大厅的天花板被美丽地油漆了。

B1 noun /ˈleʒ.ər/

Leisure

闲暇; 休闲

Meaning

time when one is not working or occupied; free time used for enjoyment

Example

She enjoys reading books in her leisure time.

她喜欢在闲暇时间阅读书籍。

B1 adjective /sɪnˈsɪər/

Sincere

真诚的; 真实的; 无做作

Meaning

honest and genuine in expressing feelings; free from pretense or deceit

Example

She gave me a sincere apology for her mistake.

她为自己的错误真诚地道歉。

B1 adjective /ˌoʊld ˈfæʃənd/

old-fashioned

过时的

Meaning

not modern; belonging to an earlier time

Example

He still wears an old-fashioned hat.

他仍然戴着一顶过时的帽子。

B1 noun /loʊn/

Loan

贷款

Meaning

a thing that is borrowed, especially a sum of money that is expected to be paid back with interest

Example

He took a loan to buy a new car.

他为了买新车而借了一笔贷款。

B1 noun /ˈspɪn.ɪtʃ/

Spinach

菠菜

Meaning

a vegetable with large dark green leaves that are eaten cooked or uncooked

Example

Fresh spinach is very nutritious.

新鲜的菠菜非常有营养。

B1 noun /ˌkænsəˈleɪʃən/

cancellation

取消

Meaning

the act of stopping something that was planned or scheduled; the act of nullifying or invalidating something

Example

The airline announced the cancellation of several flights due to bad weather.

由于恶劣天气，航空公司宣布了航班取消。

B1 noun /stiːl/

steel

钢铁

Meaning

a strong, hard metal made of iron and carbon

Example

The building was made from steel to ensure its durability.

建筑物是用钢铁建造的，以确保其耐久性。

B1 noun /ˈtreʒər/

Treasure

宝藏

Meaning

a quantity of precious metals, gems, or other valuable objects; something of great worth or value

Example

The pirates buried their treasure on the island.

海盗们把他们的宝藏埋在岛上。

B1 verb /əˈweɪk/

awake

醒来

Meaning

to stop sleeping; to become conscious or alert

Example

I awake every morning at six o'clock.

我每天早上六点醒来。

B1 noun /ˈfʌŋkʃən/

function

功能

Meaning

An activity or purpose natural to or intended for a person or thing.

Example

The main function of the heart is to pump blood.

心脏的主要功能是泵送血液。

B1 noun /pɑːm/

Palm

棕榈树

Meaning

a tropical tree with fan-shaped leaves; fruit of the palm tree

Example

The palm tree produces sweet fruit that we enjoy eating.

棕榈树生产我们喜欢吃的甜水果。

B1 verb /pəʊs(t)ˈpəʊn/

postpone

推迟

Meaning

to delay something to a later time

Example

The meeting was postponed until next week.

会议被推迟到下周。

B1 adjective /ˈɛstɪmeɪtɪd/

estimated

估计的

Meaning

roughly calculated or judged; an approximate value or amount

Example

The estimated cost of the project is five million dollars.

该项目的估计成本为五百万美元。

B1 verb /ˈsʌfər/

suffer

遭受

Meaning

to experience pain, distress, or hardship

Example

She suffered from a severe headache all day.

她整天忍受剧烈的头痛。

B1 noun /ˈkʌˈs.təm/

Custom

习俗; 风俗; 关税;

Meaning

a traditional practice or behavior; duties levied on imports; habitual practice

Example

It is a local custom to remove shoes before entering someone's home.

在进入别人家之前，脱鞋是当地的习俗。

B1 noun /træm kɑːr/

Tram car

有轨电车

Meaning

An electric vehicle that runs on rails along the street

Example

The tram car stopped at every station in the city center.

有轨电车在市中心的每个车站停靠。

B1 noun /ˈɒnɪsti/

honesty

诚实

Meaning

the quality of being truthful and sincere

Example

Honesty is the best policy in all situations.

诚实是所有情况下最好的政策。

B1 verb /bɜːrst/

burst

爆裂

Meaning

to break open suddenly; to be full of something

Example

The balloon bursts with a loud pop.

气球突然爆炸发出响亮的声音。

B1 noun /səˈpɔːtər/

supporter

支持者

Meaning

a person who supports someone or something

Example

She is a strong supporter of the local animal shelter.

她是当地动物收容所的强大支持者。

B1 verb /skrætʃ/

scratch

幸福

Meaning

to rub a surface or skin with something sharp or rough, often to relieve itching

Example

The cat scratched the door to be let in.

当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。

B1 adverb /ɪˈventʃuəli/

Eventually

最终; 最后

Meaning

in the end; finally; at last

Example

After years of hard work, she eventually became a doctor.

经过多年的努力工作，她最终成了医生。

B1 noun, verb /ˈlaɪsəns/

license

许可证 / 许可

Meaning

A legal permission to do something (noun); to grant such permission (verb).

Example

You must have a driving license to operate a car legally.

您必须拥有驾驶执照才能合法开车。

B1 noun /bɔɪl/

Boil

脓疱; 疖

Meaning

a painful, pus-filled bump under the skin caused by infected hair follicles

Example

The painful boil on his neck required medical treatment.

他脖子上的疼痛脓疱需要医疗处理。

B1 noun /weɪdʒ/

Wage

工资; 工钱;

Meaning

money paid to someone for work, especially for work done by the hour or day

Example

The company increased the minimum wage for all workers.

公司提高了所有工人的最低工资。

B1 noun /broʊˈʃʊr/

brochure

小册子

Meaning

a small booklet or pamphlet containing information or advertising

Example

The travel agent gave us a brochure about the holiday package.

旅行社的工作人员给了我们一本关于假期套餐的小册子。

B1 noun /ˈlɪsənər/

listener

听众

Meaning

a person who listens or pays attention to something, especially to a speaker or sound.

Example

She is a good listener who always understands others' problems.

她是一个很好的听众，总是理解他人的问题。

B1 adjective /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/

Engaged

忙碌的; 参与的; 订婚的

Meaning

busy; occupied; involved in activity; betrothed

Example

He is engaged in important research work.

他正在进行重要的研究工作。

B1 noun /tæŋk/

Tank

坦克

Meaning

a heavily armored fighting vehicle moving on a continuous track

Example

The tank rolled through the battlefield with powerful armor.

坦克穿越了战场，配备强大的装甲。

B1 noun/verb /ˈmætərz/

matters

问题 / 重要

Meaning

important topics, concerns, or issues; as a verb, to be of importance or significance

Example

What she thinks really matters to me.

她认为的事情对我来说真的很重要。

B1 adjective /rɪˈkwaɪəd/

required

必要的

Meaning

necessary or compulsory

Example

A visa is required to enter the country.

进入该国需要签证。

B1 verb /dɪˈnaɪ/

deny

否认

Meaning

to refuse to accept or admit something; to declare something untrue

Example

He denied stealing the money.

他否认偷了钱。

B1 noun /ˈpiː.nʌt/

Peanut

花生

Meaning

an edible seed that grows underground and is commonly eaten as a snack or used in cooking

Example

Roasted peanuts are a popular snack in many countries.

烤花生在许多国家都是受欢迎的小吃。

B1 adjective /kənˈtɪn.ju.əs/

continuous

连续的

Meaning

forming an unbroken whole; without interruption

Example

The factory operates on a continuous 24-hour schedule.

工厂按照连续的24小时工作计划运行。

B1 adjective ɪnˈdʌs.tri.əl

industrial

工业的

Meaning

Relating to or characterized by industry.

Example

Industrial sectors boost exports.

工业部门促进出口。

B1 verb /kənˈkluːd/

conclude

结束

Meaning

to bring to an end; to decide or determine after consideration

Example

We will conclude the meeting at five o'clock.

我们将在五点钟结束会议。

B1 noun /kəmˈpænjən/

companion

伙伴

Meaning

a person or animal you spend time with or travel with

Example

He was my companion during the long journey.

他是我在漫长旅程中的伴侣。

B1 noun /θʌm/

Thumb

拇指

Meaning

the short thick finger of the human hand

Example

She gave me a thumbs up to show her approval.

她给了我一个大拇指，表示她的认可。

B1 noun /ˈɡroʊ.sər/

Grocer

杂货商

Meaning

a person who sells food and household goods in a shop

Example

The grocer has fresh vegetables and fruits in his store.

杂货商店里有新鲜的水果和蔬菜。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈeɪ.bəl/

Unable

无法

Meaning

lacking the power, skill, or means to do something

Example

He was unable to attend the meeting.

他无法参加会议。

B1 noun /ruːt/

Root

根; 来源; 根源; 原因

Meaning

the part of a plant that grows underground; the basic cause, source, or origin of something

Example

We need to find the root of this problem to solve it permanently.

我们需要找到这个问题的根源，才能永久解决它。

B1 noun /ˈslɪpər/

Slipper

拖鞋

Meaning

light, comfortable shoe without a back, worn indoors

Example

She put on her slippers before walking around the house.

她在走遍房子之前穿上了拖鞋。

B1 noun /bʊʃ/

bush

灌木丛

Meaning

a plant with many small branches growing close to the ground; a shrub

Example

A rabbit was hiding under the bush.

一只兔子藏在灌木丛下。

B1 noun /ɪnˈθjuː.zi.æz.əm/

Enthusiasm

热情; 兴奋; 激情

Meaning

intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval

Example

Her enthusiasm for the project inspired the entire team.

她对这个项目的热情鼓舞了整个团队。

B1 noun /ˌrep.rɪˈzen.tə.tɪv/

representative

代表

Meaning

A person chosen or appointed to act or speak for another or others.

Example

The representative addressed critical issues.

代表解决了关键问题。

B1 noun /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

pronunciation

发音

Meaning

the way a word or language is spoken; the act or result of pronouncing words

Example

Her pronunciation of French words has improved significantly.

她的法语单词发音有了很大提高。

B1 noun /kəˈrɛkʃən/

correction

修正

Meaning

the action or process of correcting something

Example

The teacher made a correction to the student's essay.

老师对学生的文章进行了修正。

B1 verb /dræɡ/

drag

拖

Meaning

to pull something heavy or difficult to move along the ground; to go somewhere unwillingly; to last too long

Example

She had to drag the heavy suitcase up the stairs.

她必须把沉重的行李拖上楼梯。