pedagogical
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C1 adjective /ˌpɛd.əˈɡɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

pedagogical

教育学的
Meaning
Relating to teaching and education; concerned with the methods and practice of teaching.
Example
The school adopted new pedagogical techniques to improve learning.
学校采用了新的教育学技术来改善学习。
B2 adjective /ˈprɪm.ɪ.tɪv/

Primitive

原始的; 基础的; 粗糙的; 未开发的; 简单的
Meaning
ancient; basic; crude; undeveloped; simple
Example
The tribe still uses primitive tools for hunting and farming.
部落仍然使用原始工具进行狩猎和耕种。
C2 adjective /ˌpɛntəˈveɪlənt/

pentavalent

五价
Meaning
Having a valence of five, especially in chemistry.
Example
Phosphorus can exist in a pentavalent state.
磷可以以五价状态存在。
C1 adjective /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪˌteɪtɪd/

premeditated

预谋
Meaning
planned in advance; done deliberately
Example
The crime was clearly premeditated.
这个犯罪显然是预谋的。
C1 noun /pərˈvɜr.sə.ti/

Perversity

堕落; 顽固;
Meaning
deliberate determination to behave in an unreasonable or unacceptable way; the quality of being contrary or obstinate
Example
His perversity in refusing help frustrated everyone.
他拒绝帮助的堕落让所有人都沮丧。
C1 adjective /pɒˈstɪəriər/

posterior

后部
Meaning
Situated at or toward the back; later in time.
Example
The posterior part of the brain controls vision.
大脑的后部控制视觉。
C2 adjective /ˈpɔːrtli/

portly

肥胖
Meaning
Having a stout or somewhat fat body, often implying dignity or authority.
Example
The portly man entered the room with confidence.
那个肥胖的男人自信地走进房间。
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrkwɪzɪt raɪt/

perquisiteperquisiteright

额外福利的权利
Meaning
a legal right to certain benefits or privileges associated with a job or office
Example
The judge enjoyed certain perquisite rights attached to his position.
法官享受了与其职位相关的某些额外福利。
B1 noun /ˈpɪ.ti/

Pity

同情; 怜悯;
Meaning
a feeling of sadness or sympathy for someone's misfortune; something that causes regret or disappointment
Example
I felt pity for the homeless man in the rain.
我对雨中无家可归的男人感到怜悯。
A2 adjective /ˈpɑːt taɪm/

part-time

兼职
Meaning
working for only part of the usual working day or week
Example
She works part-time as a waitress.
她做兼职工作，担任服务员。
C2 noun /priːˈɛmɪnəns/

preeminence

卓越
Meaning
The fact of surpassing all others; superiority.
Example
The university has gained preeminence in medical research.
该大学在医学研究中已获得卓越地位。
C2 noun /pɪˈlɑːf/

Pillaw

皮拉夫
Meaning
a dish of rice cooked in seasoned broth, often with meat and vegetables
Example
We enjoyed a delicious chicken pillaw for dinner.
我们享用了美味的鸡肉皮拉夫作为晚餐。
B2 adjective ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk

prehistoric

史前的, 在书面记录之前的时间
Meaning
Belonging to the time before written records.
Example
The prehistoric era was marked by the rise of early humans.
史前时代的特点是早期人类的崛起。
B1 noun /ˈpiː.nʌt/

Peanut

花生
Meaning
an edible seed that grows underground and is commonly eaten as a snack or used in cooking
Example
Roasted peanuts are a popular snack in many countries.
烤花生在许多国家都是受欢迎的小吃。
B1 verb প্রিভেন্টস

prevents

阻止
Meaning
To stop something from happening or arising.
Example
Bangladesh's warm climate prevents snowfall.
孟加拉国的温暖气候阻止了降雪。
C2 verb /prɪˈpɒndəreɪt/

preponderate

占优势
Meaning
To be greater in influence, weight, or number.
Example
In the debate, logical arguments preponderated over emotional appeals.
在辩论中，逻辑论点优于情感呼吁。
C1 verb /prɒd/

prod

推
Meaning
to poke or push someone or something with a finger, foot, or pointed object
Example
She prodded him in the arm to get his attention.
她用手肘轻轻推了推他，引起了他的注意。
C1 adjective /pəˈtɜːrnəl/

paternal

父亲的
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of a father.
Example
He took a paternal interest in the boy’s education.
他对男孩的教育表现出父亲般的兴趣。
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪpɪs/

precipice

悬崖
Meaning
A very steep cliff or a situation of great danger.
Example
The hikers stood at the edge of the precipice, gazing into the valley below.
徒步旅行者站在悬崖边缘，凝视着下面的山谷。
C1 verb /ˈpærəlaɪz/

paralyze

麻痹
Meaning
to cause someone or something to lose the ability to move or function normally
Example
The sudden shock seemed to paralyze him.
突如其来的冲击似乎使他麻痹。
C2 verb /ˈpɔːltər/

palter

含糊其辞，欺骗
Meaning
to act insincerely or deceitfully; to equivocate or lie
Example
He paltered when asked about his involvement in the deal.
当被问及是否参与交易时，他回避了问题。
C1 noun /pəˈræl.ə.sɪs/

Paralysis

瘫痪
Meaning
the loss of the ability to move part or all of the body; complete inability to act or function
Example
The accident left him with paralysis in his legs.
事故使他双腿瘫痪。
B2 noun /ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/

proposition

提议, 计划
Meaning
A statement, idea, or plan put forward for consideration or discussion.
Example
The company made a business proposition to the investors.
公司向投资者提出了商业提议。
C2 noun /proʊˈsiː.ni.əm/

proscenium

舞台前沿
Meaning
the part of a theater stage in front of the curtain; the arch framing the stage
Example
The actors bowed at the proscenium before leaving the stage.
演员在离开舞台之前向舞台前沿鞠躬。
B2 adjective /ˌfɪl.əˈsɒf.ɪ.kəl/

philosophical

哲学的
Meaning
relating to the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence
Example
She maintained a calm and philosophical attitude during the crisis.
她在危机期间保持了冷静和哲学的态度。
C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

倾向
Meaning
A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.
Example
Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.
基因因素可以影响一个人对疾病的先天倾向。
B2 adjective /ˈfoʊni/

phony

虚假, 假冒
Meaning
not genuine; fraudulent or insincere
Example
He gave a phony smile to hide his true feelings.
他露出虚假的微笑来掩饰他的真实感情。
B2 adjective prɪˈlɪm.ɪ.nər.i

preliminary

初步
Meaning
Denoting an action or event preceding or done in preparation for something fuller or more important.
Example
Preliminary steps are crucial before the main project.
初步步骤在主要项目之前至关重要。
B2 verb /ˈpiːtər/

peter

逐渐减弱
Meaning
to diminish gradually and come to an end; to fade or dwindle away
Example
The excitement of the event began to peter out after a few hours.
事件的兴奋感在几个小时后开始逐渐消退。
C2 noun /ˈplɛntɪtjuːd/

plentitude

丰富
Meaning
the condition of being full or abundant
Example
The garden offered a plentitude of flowers in spring.
花园在春天提供了丰富的花卉。
C2 verb /priːˈdɛstɪn/

predestine

预定
Meaning
to determine or decide something in advance, often regarded as being fixed by fate or divine will
Example
They believed their paths were predestined by fate.
他们相信他们的道路是命运注定的。
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrpɪtreɪtər/

perpetrator

罪犯
Meaning
a person who commits a harmful, illegal, or immoral act
Example
The police arrested the perpetrator of the crime.
警方逮捕了犯罪嫌疑人。
B2 noun /ˈpæn.ɪk/

Panic

恐慌
Meaning
sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety; a state of widespread fear and anxiety
Example
The fire alarm caused panic among the students.
火警铃声引起了学生们的恐慌。
B2 noun ˈpærəˌlɛlz

parallels

相似之处
Meaning
Similarities or comparisons between two different things or situations
Example
There are parallels between Japan's aging issues and Bangladesh's situation.
日本的老龄化问题和孟加拉国的情况之间存在相似之处。
B2 noun /pəˈræmɪtər/

parameter

参数
Meaning
a limit, boundary, or measurable factor that defines or determines something
Example
We need to set clear parameters for this project.
我们需要为这个项目设定明确的参数。
C2 noun /proʊˈbɑːsɪs/

proboscis

象鼻
Meaning
The long, flexible nose of some animals, especially an elephant, or a tubular feeding and sucking organ in insects.
Example
The elephant used its proboscis to grab food.
大象用它的象鼻抓食物。
B1 noun /ˈplʌm.ər/

plumber

水管工
Meaning
a person who installs or repairs water pipes
Example
The plumber fixed the leaking pipe in the kitchen.
水管工修好了厨房里漏水的管道。
C1 verb /ˈpʌməl/

pummel

痛打
Meaning
To strike repeatedly with the fists; to beat or hit forcefully.
Example
The boxer pummeled his opponent in the final round.
拳击手在最后一回合痛打了对手。
B1 adjective ˈpræktɪkəl

practical

实际的
Meaning
Concerned with actual use rather than theory; realistic and sensible.
Example
A practical approach is needed for solving complex problems.
解决复杂问题需要实际的办法。
A2 preposition /pɜːr/

per

每人
Meaning
for each, according to
Example
The tickets are priced at $20 per person.
票价为每人20美元。
C1 adjective prəˈtræk.tɪd

protracted

延长的, 持久的, 拉长的
Meaning
Lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
Example
The negotiations were protracted over months.
谈判持续了几个月。
C1 noun /ˈpɑːr.keɪ/

parquet

木质地板
Meaning
A floor made of wooden blocks arranged in a geometric pattern.
Example
The old mansion had a beautiful parquet floor.
那座古老的豪宅有一块漂亮的木质地板。
C1 verb /ˈpɒstʃʊleɪt/

postulate

假设
Meaning
to suggest or assume that something is true as the basis for reasoning or discussion
Example
Scientists postulate that life exists on other planets.
科学家假设在其他星球上存在生命。
C1 noun /prəˈvaɪzoʊ/

proviso

条件
Meaning
a condition or stipulation attached to an agreement
Example
He accepted the job offer with the proviso that he could work remotely twice a week.
他接受了工作邀请，前提是他每周可以远程工作两次。
C1 noun /pəˈrɪm.ɪ.tər/

perimeter

周长
Meaning
the continuous line forming the boundary of a closed geometric figure or area
Example
The soldiers guarded the perimeter of the camp.
士兵守卫着营地的周长。
B2 verb /priːtʃ/

preach

宣讲
Meaning
to deliver a religious or moral talk, often in a church setting
Example
The pastor preached about forgiveness and kindness.
牧师宣讲了宽恕与善良。
B2 adverb /prɪˈzjuːməbli/

presumably

可以推测
Meaning
used to convey that something is assumed to be true though not known for certain
Example
Presumably, he forgot to send the email.
可以推测，他忘记了发送邮件。
A2 noun /ˈpɑːswɜːd/

password

密码
Meaning
a secret word or phrase used to gain access to something
Example
Make sure your password is strong and unique.
确保您的密码强大且独特。
C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.ə.bəl/

pitiable

可怜的
Meaning
deserving sympathy or compassion
Example
The stray dog looked pitiable in the rain.
那只流浪狗在雨中看起来十分可怜。
B2 noun /plʌɡ/

plug

插头
Meaning
a device used to connect or block an opening
Example
She inserted the plug into the socket.
她把插头插入了插座。
C2 noun /ˌpɜː.spɪˈkæs.ɪ.ti/

perspicacity

洞察力
Meaning
Sharp insight, keen understanding and discernment.
Example
Her perspicacity in business decisions led to success.
她在商业决策中的洞察力带来了成功。
A1 verb pleɪ

play

扮演角色
Meaning
To have a role or function in a situation; to contribute to something.
Example
Artemis will play a crucial role in Mars exploration.
阿耳忒弥斯将在火星探索中发挥关键作用。
B1 noun /paɪp/

pipe

管道
Meaning
a tube used for conveying liquids or gases
Example
The plumber fixed the broken pipe.
水管工修理了坏掉的管道。
C2 noun /ˈpoʊ.ə.si/

poesy

诗意
Meaning
poetry; the art or composition of poems
Example
The anthology was filled with romantic poesy.
这本选集充满了浪漫的诗意。
B1 noun prəˈpoʊzəl

proposal

提案
Meaning
A plan or suggestion, especially a formal or written one, put forward for consideration or discussion by others.
Example
The proposal was not sustained.
这个提案没有被接受。
C1 noun /ˈpɛndənt/

pendant

吊坠
Meaning
a piece of jewelry that hangs from a chain worn around the neck
Example
She wore a silver pendant around her neck.
她戴着一个银色的吊坠在脖子上。
C2 adjective /ˌprɛsɪˈdɛnʃəl/

precedential

先例的
Meaning
Relating to, or serving as, a precedent; having authority as an example.
Example
The court’s decision has precedential value.
法院的判决具有先例价值。
B2 noun /pʌŋk/

punk

朋克
Meaning
a type of popular music, or the culture associated with it, characterized by loud, fast rhythms and rebellious attitudes
Example
He’s always been into punk music and fashion.
他一直对朋克音乐和时尚感兴趣。
B1 adverb /ˈpriːviəsli/

previously

以前
Meaning
at an earlier time or before now
Example
She had previously worked at a bank before starting her own business.
她曾在银行工作过，之后才开始了自己的生意。
A2 noun /ˈprɒd.ʌkt/

Product

产品
Meaning
something that is manufactured or produced; the result of a process
Example
The company launched a new product in the market.
公司在市场上推出了一款新产品。
B2 noun ˈprɒs.pekt

prospect

前景
Meaning
The possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring.
Example
The project's success holds great prospect for the economy.
项目的成功为经济带来了巨大前景。
C2 noun /ˈfaɪəl/

phial

小玻璃瓶
Meaning
a small glass container for liquids, especially medicines
Example
The doctor gave her a phial of medicine.
医生给了她一瓶药。
C1 noun /plʊəˈrælɪti/

plurality

多数或大部分
Meaning
the state of being multiple; the greater part or majority
Example
In the election, she won by a plurality of votes.
在选举中，她凭借选票的多数赢得了胜利。
C1 noun /prəˈpraɪəti/

propriety

得体
Meaning
Conformity to accepted standards of behavior or morality.
Example
He always behaved with the utmost propriety in public.
他在公共场合总是表现得体。
B2 adjective, noun /ˈsaɪkɪk/

psychic

Meaning
relating to the mind or supernatural powers; a person claiming to have extrasensory abilities
Example
The psychic claimed she could predict the future.
C1 adjective /ˈpɔɪ.njənt/

poignant

动人, 深刻
Meaning
evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret; deeply touching
Example
The movie's ending was so poignant that many in the audience were moved to tears.
这部电影的结尾如此动人，以至于许多观众都感动得流泪。
B1 adverb /ˈpɜr.sən.ə.li/

Personally

个人而言; 就我个人而言; 亲自
Meaning
as a person; in one's own opinion; for oneself; in person
Example
Personally, I think the movie was excellent, though others disagree.
就个人而言，我认为这部电影非常好，尽管其他人不同意。
C1 adjective /ˈpɔːltri/

paltry

微不足道, 微小
Meaning
small or meager; lacking in value or importance
Example
They offered him a paltry sum for his work.
他们为他的工作提供了微不足道的报酬。
C1 noun /ˈpæd.ək/

paddock

马或其他动物的围场
Meaning
a small enclosed field where horses or other animals are kept
Example
The horses were grazing in the paddock.
马群在围场里吃草。
C1 verb /ˈpæs.ɪ.faɪ/

pacify

安抚；抚慰；平息
Meaning
To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone.
Example
The mother tried to pacify her crying child.
妈妈试图安抚她正在哭泣的孩子。
C1 adjective /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊzd/

predisposed

倾向
Meaning
Likely or inclined to be affected by something in advance.
Example
She is predisposed to trust people easily.
她容易轻易相信别人。
C2 verb /prɪmp/

primp

幸福
Meaning
To spend time making minor adjustments to one's appearance.
Example
She primped in front of the mirror before the party.
她在收到奖项时无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 noun /ˈpærɪti/

parity

平价
Meaning
the state or condition of being equal, especially in status or pay
Example
The campaign aims to achieve pay parity between men and women.
这项运动旨在实现男女之间的工资平等。
C1 adjective /ˈpiːvɪʃ/

peevish

易怒的
Meaning
Easily irritated, especially by unimportant things.
Example
The child grew peevish when denied candy.
孩子因没得到糖果而变得易怒。
C1 adjective /ˈpɒs.tʃə.məs/

Posthumous

死后
Meaning
occurring or continuing after death; published after the author's death
Example
The author received a posthumous award for his last novel.
作者因其最后一部小说获得了死后奖项。
B2 noun /ˌprɒp.əˈɡæn.də/

Propaganda

宣传; 谣言
Meaning
information spread to promote a particular political cause or point of view
Example
The government used propaganda to influence public opinion during the war.
政府在战争期间使用了宣传来影响公众舆论。
B2 noun /pəˈsjuːt/

pursuit

追求, 寻求
Meaning
the act of chasing or trying to achieve something
Example
He dedicated his life to the pursuit of happiness.
他将一生奉献给了追求幸福。
C2 noun /ˌpæliˈeɪʃən/

palliation

缓解
Meaning
relief of symptoms without curing the underlying disease or problem
Example
Palliation is often the focus of care for terminally ill patients.
缓解通常是末期患者护理的主要重点。
A2 verb /pæs/

pass

Meaning
to move past or beyond something
Example
He passed the test with flying colors.
C2 noun /prəˈfʌn.dɪ.ti/

profundity

深度或洞察力
Meaning
Deep insight; great depth of knowledge or thought.
Example
The profundity of his words left a lasting impact.
他的话深度留下了持久的影响。
B1 noun /ˈplæt.fɔːm/

platform

平台
Meaning
A raised level surface on which people or things can stand.
Example
The platform was used to discuss collaboration.
该平台用于讨论合作。
C1 noun prɪˈsɪʒ.ən ˈæɡ.rɪ.kʌl.tʃər

precision agriculture

精准农业
Meaning
The technique of conducting agricultural work using advanced technology.
Example
Precision agriculture optimizes resource use and increases efficiency.
精准农业优化资源使用并提高效率。
C1 noun proʊˈæktɪv ˈseɪvɪŋ

proactive saving

主动储蓄
Meaning
Actively planning and setting aside money in advance to prepare for future financial needs
Example
Proactive saving ensures financial stability in old age.
主动储蓄确保了老年时期的财务稳定。
C1 noun /ˈprɒmɪnəns/

prominence

声望
Meaning
The state of being important, famous, or easily noticed.
Example
Her work gained prominence after the award.
她的工作在获奖后获得了声望。
C2 noun /ˈpɒliˌɑːrki/

polyarchy

多元治理
Meaning
government by many people
Example
Polyarchy allows multiple parties to share power.
多元治理允许多个党派共享权力。
C2 noun /priˈɛmpʃən/

preemption

优先购买权
Meaning
The act of taking action before someone else; the right to purchase or act before others.
Example
The company exercised preemption to acquire the land before competitors.
公司行使优先购买权，在竞争对手之前购买了土地。
A2 noun /ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf/

photograph

照片
Meaning
a picture made using a camera
Example
She took a photograph of the sunset.
她拍了一张日落的照片。
B1 verb /pərˈsweɪd/

persuade

幸福
Meaning
to convince someone to do or believe something through reasoning or argument
Example
He persuaded his friend to join the club.
她无法掩饰收到奖项时的快乐。
B2 noun /ˈfɪʃ.ɪŋ/

phishing

通过欺诈手段窃取信息
Meaning
The fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information.
Example
Phishing emails often trick people into revealing passwords.
钓鱼邮件通常会欺骗他人泄露密码。
C1 noun /ˌpɒl.iˈtek.nɪk/

polytechnic

理工学院
Meaning
an educational institution offering practical and technical courses
Example
She studied engineering at a well-known polytechnic in her city.
她在她所在城市的知名理工学院学习工程学。
C1 adjective /pɪˈkjuːniˌɛri/

pecuniary

财务的
Meaning
relating to money or financial matters
Example
They faced pecuniary difficulties after the business failed.
在生意失败后，他们面临着财务困难。
A2 verb /prɪˈfɜːr/

prefer

偏爱
Meaning
to like better; to choose as more desirable
Example
I prefer tea over coffee in the morning.
早上我喜欢喝茶而不是咖啡。
B1 adjective /ˈprɪn.sə.pəl/

Principal

主要的; 首要的; 最重要的; 首席
Meaning
main; primary; most important; chief
Example
The principal reason for the meeting was to discuss the budget.
会议的主要原因是讨论预算。
C2 noun /ˈpɛrɪstaɪl/

peristyle

由柱子环绕的走廊
Meaning
A continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or courtyard.
Example
The Roman villa featured a beautiful peristyle garden.
罗马别墅里有一个美丽的圆柱廊花园。
C1 noun /ˈpleɪˌraɪt/

playwright

剧作家
Meaning
a person who writes plays
Example
Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all time.
莎士比亚被认为是历史上最伟大的剧作家。
C1 noun ˈpær.ə.daɪm

paradigm

范式
Meaning
A typical example or pattern of something; a model or framework for understanding or approaching something.
Example
The paradigm of education is changing with digital technology.
教育的范式正在随着数字技术而改变。
C2 noun /ˈpiːs ɡʊdz/

Piece-goods

布料
Meaning
textiles or fabrics sold by the yard or meter; cloth materials
Example
The tailor bought piece-goods from the wholesale market to make custom dresses.
裁缝从批发市场购买了布料来制作定制的衣服。
B2 noun /fɪˈzɪʃən/

physician

医生
Meaning
a person qualified to practice medicine; a doctor
Example
The physician prescribed some medicine to treat the condition.
医生开了一些药物来治疗这种病情。
C1 adjective /pəˈnʌltɪmət/

penultimate

倒数第二
Meaning
second to the last in a sequence or series
Example
She finished the penultimate chapter before going to sleep.
她在睡觉前完成了倒数第二章。
C1 adjective /proʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/

prosaic

平凡的
Meaning
ordinary, dull, or lacking imagination
Example
The teacher’s explanation was accurate but rather prosaic.
老师的解释很准确，但相当平凡。
C2 adjective /flɛgˈmæt.ɪk/

phlegmatic

冷静的
Meaning
having an unemotional and stolidly calm disposition
Example
Despite the chaos, he remained phlegmatic and composed.
尽管混乱，他依然保持冷静和平静。
B2 adjective /fəˈnɒmɪnəl/

phenomenal

非凡
Meaning
extraordinary, remarkable, or exceptional in a way that is very impressive
Example
The team achieved phenomenal success in the tournament.
团队在比赛中取得了非凡的成功。
B2 noun /ˌpɛnɪˈtreɪʃən/

penetration

渗透
Meaning
The act of piercing or entering into something.
Example
The company's market penetration grew rapidly.
公司的市场渗透迅速增长。
C2 noun /ˌfɪziˈɒnəmi/

physiognomy

面部特征分析
Meaning
the study of facial features to judge character or personality
Example
He believed in physiognomy and tried to read people's personalities from their faces.
他相信面相学，并试图通过人的面部来解读他们的个性。
C2 adjective /pərˈfɜrvɪd/

perfervid

极其热情的
Meaning
intensely passionate or fervent
Example
She gave a perfervid speech in defense of human rights.
她在为人权辩护时发表了极其热情的演讲。
C1 adjective /pərˈsɛptəbl̩/

perceptible

可察觉的
Meaning
Able to be noticed or recognized by the senses or the mind.
Example
There was a perceptible change in the atmosphere.
大气中有一个可察觉的变化。
B2 verb /pəˈtroʊl/

patrol

巡逻
Meaning
to move around an area to watch or guard it
Example
The police patrol the streets at night to ensure safety.
警察晚上巡逻街道以确保安全。
C1 noun /prəˈpɛlənt/

propellant

推进剂
Meaning
A substance that drives or pushes something forward, especially fuel in rockets or engines.
Example
The rocket uses a liquid propellant to launch into space.
火箭使用液体推进剂发射进入太空。
C2 adverb /pəˈfɔːs/

perforce

不可避免地
Meaning
by necessity; inevitably
Example
He had to perforce accept the decision.
他不得不不可避免地接受这个决定。
C1 noun /ˌfɪziˈɑːlədʒi/

physiology

生理学
Meaning
the scientific study of the functions and mechanisms in a living system
Example
She is majoring in human physiology at the university.
她在大学主修人体生理学。
C1 verb /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊz/

predispose

使...易患
Meaning
To make someone more likely to behave in a certain way or be affected by something.
Example
His genetics may predispose him to diabetes.
他的基因可能使他容易得糖尿病。
C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrmiəbl̩/

permeable

可渗透的
Meaning
allowing liquids or gases to pass through
Example
The soil in this area is very permeable to water.
这个地区的土壤对水非常可渗透。
B2 noun /ˈpæd.i/

Paddy

未加工的稻米; 稻田
Meaning
rice in its natural state before processing; a field where rice is grown
Example
The farmers worked hard in the paddy fields during harvest season.
农民们在收割季节里在稻田里辛勤工作。
C2 noun /pɛnˈtæmɪtər/

pentameter

五步格
Meaning
A line of verse consisting of five metrical feet.
Example
Shakespeare often wrote his plays in iambic pentameter.
莎士比亚常常用五步格写剧本。
C2 verb /ˈprætəl/

prattle

喋喋不休
Meaning
to talk at length in a foolish or inconsequential way
Example
The children would prattle on about their games.
孩子们会不停地谈论他们的游戏。
B2 noun ˈpɛstɪˌsaɪd

pesticide

杀虫剂
Meaning
A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.
Example
The pesticide sprayed in the field killed the harmful insects.
在田间喷洒的杀虫剂杀死了有害的昆虫。
C1 adjective /ˈpærəmaʊnt/

paramount

至关重要
Meaning
more important than anything else; supreme
Example
Safety is of paramount importance in this factory.
在这家工厂里，安全至关重要。
C1 adjective /ˈfɒnɪk/

phonic

语音的
Meaning
relating to speech sounds or their production; connected to phonics
Example
Children learn phonic rules to read new words accurately.
孩子们学习语音规则，以准确阅读新单词。
B2 noun /ˈproʊtəˌtaɪp/

prototype

原型
Meaning
The first model or version of something, used as a sample for testing or improvement.
Example
The company built a prototype of the new smartphone before mass production.
公司在大规模生产之前构建了新智能手机的原型。
C2 noun /pəˈlæv.ər/

palaver

无意义的讨论 / 喧嚣
Meaning
prolonged and idle discussion; fuss or unnecessary talk
Example
After much palaver, they finally agreed on the plan.
经过长时间的无意义讨论后，他们最终同意了计划。
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈmer.ɪ.kən/

Pan-American

泛美洲的
Meaning
relating to all the countries of North, Central, and South America
Example
The Pan-American Games bring together athletes from across the continent.
泛美洲运动会将整个大陆的运动员汇聚在一起。