passive
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B2 adjective /ˈpæsɪv/

passive

被动; (语法) 被动语态
Meaning
not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action
Example
Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting.
他在会议中没有采取主导，而是保持被动。
B1 noun /ˈtiːspuːn/

teaspoon

幸福
Meaning
a small spoon used for stirring drinks or eating soft foods, or for measuring small amounts of ingredients.
Example
Add a teaspoon of sugar to the tea.
她在收到奖项时无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C2 noun /loʊm/

loam

富饶的壤土
Meaning
Fertile soil mixture of sand, clay, and organic matter.
Example
Loam soil is ideal for agriculture due to its nutrient content.
壤土是农业的理想选择，因为它含有丰富的营养成分。
B2 verb /dɪsˈmɪs/

dismiss

解雇, 否定
Meaning
to remove someone from a job or position; to decide something is not important
Example
The manager dismissed the employee for being late too often.
经理因为员工经常迟到而解雇了他。
C1 noun /ˈmɒnəʊˌkʌltʃər/

monoculture

单一种植
Meaning
The agricultural practice of growing only one type of crop over a large area and for many consecutive years, which can lead to increased vulnerability to pests and diseases.
Example
Monoculture can lead to soil depletion and increased pest vulnerability.
单一种植可能导致土壤退化并增加对害虫的脆弱性。
B2 noun /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

supervision

监督
Meaning
the action or process of overseeing or managing something or someone
Example
The project was completed under the supervision of an experienced manager.
该项目在一位经验丰富的经理监督下完成。
C2 verb /bɪˈnʌm/

benumb

使麻木
Meaning
to make physically numb or without sensation; to make mentally dull or insensitive
Example
The freezing wind seemed to benumb his fingers within minutes.
刺骨的寒风几分钟内就使他的手指麻木了。
B1 noun /ˈvɒl.juːm/

volume

体积
Meaning
the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container
Example
The volume of water in the tank increased after the rain.
雨后水箱中的体积增加了。
C1 verb /drɛntʃ/

drench

浸湿
Meaning
to make someone or something completely wet
Example
The sudden rain drenched the players on the field.
突如其来的大雨让场上的球员全部湿透。
C2 adjective /vəˈreɪʃəs/

veracious

真实的
Meaning
Truthful, honest; habitually speaking the truth.
Example
She gave a veracious account of what happened that day.
她给出了那天发生的事情的真实描述。
B1 adjective /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/

disgusting

令人作呕
Meaning
extremely unpleasant or offensive; causing strong dislike or revulsion
Example
The smell coming from the trash can was absolutely disgusting.
垃圾桶散发的气味非常令人作呕。
A2 adjective /ˈfaɪ.nəl/

Final

最后的; 决定性的; 终极的
Meaning
last; concluding; decisive; ultimate
Example
This is the final exam of the semester.
这是本学期的最终考试。
C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ə.dʒɪ.nɪst/

philogynist

一个热爱或钦佩女性的人
Meaning
a person who loves or admires women
Example
As a known philogynist, he advocated for women's education.
作为一位著名的菲洛吉尼斯特，他倡导女性的教育。
B2 adjective /ˈθɔːtˌproʊvɪkɪŋ/

thought-provoking

引人深思
Meaning
stimulating careful consideration or thought
Example
The movie was deeply thought-provoking and left a lasting impression.
这部电影深刻地引人深思，并留下了深远的印象。
C2 noun dʒʊˈdɪʃəsnɪs

judiciousness

明智，审慎
Meaning
Having, showing, or done with good judgment or sense.
Example
Her judiciousness in making decisions was appreciated.
她在做决定时的明智被赞赏。
C1 noun ˈmæŋɡroʊv ˈfɒrɪst

Mangrove Forest

红树林
Meaning
A coastal forest ecosystem characterized by salt-tolerant trees and shrubs that grow in intertidal zones.
Example
Sundarbans is the world's largest mangrove forest.
孙达班是世界上最大的红树林。
B2 noun /nʌn/

Nun

修女
Meaning
a woman who has taken vows in a religious order and lives in a convent
Example
The nun taught at the local Catholic school.
修女在当地的天主教学校授课。
C2 noun /məˈnɒkrəsi/

monocracy

独裁制
Meaning
A system of government by a single person; autocracy.
Example
The nation suffered under decades of monocracy.
国家在几十年的独裁制下遭受痛苦。
C1 verb /ɪnˈlaɪvən/

enliven

使生动
Meaning
to make something more lively, interesting, or cheerful
Example
Her jokes helped enliven the dull meeting.
她的笑话帮助让枯燥的会议变得生动。
C1 noun /pəˈvɪliən/

pavilion

展馆
Meaning
A large tent or temporary building, often used for events or exhibitions.
Example
The wedding reception was held in a decorated pavilion.
婚礼接待在一个装饰精美的展馆中举行。
B2 noun /ˈɡræfɪks/

graphics

图形
Meaning
visual images, designs, or drawings used to convey information or artistic expression
Example
The website uses stunning graphics to attract visitors.
该网站使用令人惊叹的图形来吸引访客。
A2 noun /taɪər/

tire

轮胎
Meaning
a rubber covering around a wheel
Example
The car’s tire burst on the highway.
汽车的轮胎在高速公路上爆裂了。
C2 verb ˈɪnʌndeɪt

inundate

淹没, 用事情或人淹没某人或某物
Meaning
To flood; overwhelm someone or something with things or people to be dealt with
Example
The company was inundated with requests after the advertisement.
广告后，公司被大量请求淹没。
C1 verb /doʊt/

dote

宠爱
Meaning
to show excessive love or fondness for someone or something
Example
She tends to dote on her grandchildren.
她倾向于宠爱她的孙子孙女。
C2 adjective /ˈfɔːnɪŋ/

fawning

过分的恭维
Meaning
displaying exaggerated flattery or affection
Example
Her fawning compliments made everyone uncomfortable.
她过分的恭维让每个人都感到不自在。
C2 noun /ˈkærəm/

Carom

孜然
Meaning
aromatic seeds of a plant used as a spice, especially in Indian cooking
Example
Carom seeds are often used in traditional Indian bread recipes.
孜然种子经常用于传统的印度面包食谱中。
C1 adjective /ˌɛpɪˈsɒdɪk/

episodic

集集式的
Meaning
Happening occasionally or in separate parts; related to episodes.
Example
Her interest in art was episodic, coming and going over the years.
她对艺术的兴趣是间歇性的，随着岁月的流逝而来又去。
C2 adjective /ˌvɛrɪˈsɪmɪlər/

verisimilar

类似于真实
Meaning
appearing to be true or real
Example
The story seemed verisimilar though it was entirely fictional.
这个故事看起来类似于真实，尽管它完全是虚构的。
B2 noun /ˈvel.vɪt/

Velvet

天鹅绒
Meaning
a soft, luxurious fabric with a thick, short pile on one side
Example
The royal curtains were made of rich red velvet.
皇家窗帘是用富有的红色天鹅绒做的。
C2 adjective /voʊˈsɪfərəs/

vociferous

喧闹
Meaning
expressing feelings or opinions in a loud and forceful way
Example
The vociferous crowd demanded justice.
喧闹的人群要求正义。
C2 adjective /ˈkeəwɔːn/

careworn

疲惫且忧虑
Meaning
Showing signs of worry, stress, or exhaustion.
Example
His careworn face revealed years of struggle.
他那张疲惫的脸显示了多年的挣扎。
B2 noun /dɪˈnaɪ.əl/

Denial

否认
Meaning
the action of declaring something to be untrue; refusal to acknowledge something
Example
His denial of involvement in the scandal was met with skepticism.
他否认参与丑闻的行为，遭遇了怀疑。
B2 adverb /ˈneɪmli/

Namely

即; 特别是;
Meaning
that is to say; specifically; to be precise
Example
Three cities, namely Paris, London, and Rome, were visited.
三个城市，即巴黎、伦敦和罗马，被参观。
B2 noun fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nə

phenomena

现象
Meaning
Facts or situations that are observed to exist or happen, especially ones whose cause or explanation is in question.
Example
Phenomena like floods disrupt agricultural systems.
像洪水这样的现象扰乱了农业系统。
B2 adjective /ˌɪnɪˈfɪʃənt/

Inefficient

无效率
Meaning
not achieving maximum productivity; wasteful of time or resources
Example
The old computer system was inefficient and wasted a lot of time.
老旧的计算机系统效率低，浪费了很多时间。
C2 noun /trʌs/

truss

Meaning
a framework, typically consisting of rafters, posts, and struts, supporting a roof, bridge, or other structure
Example
The engineer designed a strong truss for the new bridge.
C1 noun ˈɡræn.dʒər

Grandeur

壮丽
Meaning
Magnificence, majesty, splendor; impressive beauty and scale.
Example
The grandeur of the Colosseum attracts millions of visitors.
罗马斗兽场的宏伟吸引了数百万游客。
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzæspəˌreɪtɪd/

exasperated

非常恼火
Meaning
greatly annoyed or irritated
Example
She gave him an exasperated look after his repeated mistakes.
在他的重复错误后，她给了他一个非常恼火的眼神。
C2 noun /ˈpɛrɪstaɪl/

peristyle

由柱子环绕的走廊
Meaning
A continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or courtyard.
Example
The Roman villa featured a beautiful peristyle garden.
罗马别墅里有一个美丽的圆柱廊花园。
B1 noun /ˈmʌs.əl/

Muscle

肌肉
Meaning
a body tissue consisting of fibers that can contract to produce movement
Example
Regular exercise helps strengthen your muscle.
规律的锻炼有助于增强你的肌肉。
C1 noun /ˈstɪmjʊlənt/

stimulant

兴奋剂
Meaning
A substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.
Example
Coffee is a common stimulant that helps people stay awake.
咖啡是一种常见的兴奋剂，帮助人们保持清醒
B2 noun /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/

Validity

有效性
Meaning
the quality of being legally or officially acceptable; the quality of being logically or factually sound
Example
The validity of the contract expires next month.
合同的有效性将在下个月到期。
B2 noun ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl ˈklɑːs.ruːmz

virtual classrooms

虚拟教室
Meaning
An online learning environment where teachers and students interact via digital platforms.
Example
Virtual classrooms enable remote learning for students worldwide.
虚拟教室为全球学生提供远程学习的机会。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈses.ənt/

incessant

持续的
Meaning
Continuing without pause or interruption; constant.
Example
The incessant noise from the construction site made it hard to concentrate.
建筑工地上不断的噪音使得集中精力变得困难。
B1 noun ˈtɑː.ɡɪt

target

目标
Meaning
An object, person, or place selected as the aim of an attack or focus of attention.
Example
Achieving energy targets is critical for global progress.
实现能源目标对全球进步至关重要。
B2 verb /sɜːrdʒ/

surge

激增
Meaning
to move suddenly and powerfully forward or upward
Example
The crowd surged forward when the gates opened.
当大门打开时，人群向前涌动。
A2 noun /ˈbʌdi/

buddy

朋友
Meaning
a close friend or companion, used informally
Example
He went to the movies with his best buddy.
他和他最好的朋友一起去看电影。
B2 verb /stɪŋ/

sting

刺痛
Meaning
to pierce with a sharp point; to cause sharp pain
Example
The bee stung him on his arm while he was gardening.
蜜蜂在他园艺时刺伤了他的手臂。
B2 noun /əˈreɪ/

array

数组，展示
Meaning
an impressive display or arrangement of things
Example
The shop displayed an array of colorful dresses.
商店展示了一场五颜六色的连衣裙展示。
B2 noun /ˈnæreɪtər/

narrator

叙述者
Meaning
A person who tells the story in a book, play, or film.
Example
The narrator guided the audience through the complex plot.
叙述者引导观众穿越复杂的情节。
A2 adjective /ˈsɪmələr/

Similar

相似的; 具有共同特点的
Meaning
alike; having characteristics in common
Example
The two sisters have similar interests in music.
这两姐妹在音乐方面有相似的兴趣。
C2 verb /ˈprɑː.məl.ɡeɪt/

promulgate

发布
Meaning
To announce or make a law, decree, or idea officially known.
Example
The government promulgated new regulations on data privacy.
政府发布了关于数据隐私的新规定。
B1 adjective /kənˈsɪdərəbl/

considerable

相当的
Meaning
large in amount, size, or importance
Example
The project required a considerable amount of time and money.
该项目需要相当多的时间和金钱。
A1 pronoun /ðɛm/

them

他们
Meaning
used to refer to people or things previously mentioned or easily identified
Example
I saw them at the park yesterday.
我昨天在公园看到了他们。
B1 noun /ˌkɒn.trɪˈbjuː.ʃən/

contribution

贡献
Meaning
A gift or payment to a common fund or collection.
Example
His contribution to the project was vital.
他的贡献对项目至关重要。
B1 noun /freɪz/

phrase

短语
Meaning
a small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit
Example
He gave a memorable phrase at the conference.
他在会议上说了一句令人难忘的话。
C1 verb /ˈliːɡəlaɪz/

legalize

合法化
Meaning
To make something lawful by official approval.
Example
The government decided to legalize online businesses.
政府决定合法化在线业务。
C2 adjective /ˈslæp.dæʃ/

slapdash

草率
Meaning
done too quickly and carelessly; hasty and careless
Example
The report was written in a slapdash manner, full of errors.
报告写得草率，充满了错误。
C1 noun /kənˈsɜːvəˌtɔːri/

conservatory

温室 / 音乐和艺术学校
Meaning
A greenhouse for growing plants or a school for music and the arts.
Example
They grew exotic plants in the conservatory.
他们在温室里种植了异国植物。
B1 noun səˈplaɪ

supply

供应。供给。
Meaning
A stock or amount of something supplied or available for use.
Example
Supply chains ensure resource availability.
供应链确保资源的可用性。
C1 noun ˌdɪs.ɪnˈfek.ʃən

disinfection

消毒
Meaning
The process of destroying harmful microorganisms to prevent infection.
Example
Kitchen appliances require frequent disinfection.
厨房电器需要频繁消毒。
C1 noun dɪˈdʒɛnəˌreɪtɪv dɪˈzizɪz

degenerative diseases

退行性疾病
Meaning
Medical conditions that involve the deterioration or progressive decline of tissues, organs, or functions
Example
Degenerative diseases are common in an aging population.
退行性疾病在老龄化人口中很常见。
B1 noun /kənˌfɜːˈmeɪʃən/

confirmation

确认
Meaning
the action of confirming something or the state of being confirmed
Example
She received a confirmation email for her appointment.
她收到了她预约的确认电子邮件。
B2 noun /braɪb/

Bribe

贿赂
Meaning
a sum of money or something valuable given to someone to persuade them to do something dishonest or illegal
Example
The corrupt official was caught accepting a bribe from the construction company.
那个腐败的官员在接受建筑公司贿赂时被逮捕。
C1 noun /ˈmɔːrtər/

mortar

用于粘接砖块的混合物 / 小型火炮
Meaning
a mixture used in building to bond bricks or stones together; also, a small cannon for firing shells
Example
The workers applied mortar between the bricks.
工人们在砖块之间涂抹了灰泥。
A1 verb /feɪs/

face

mianlin
Meaning
to confront or deal with; to turn toward; to have the front in a particular direction
Example
She had to face many challenges in her new job.
Ta biyao mianlin hen duo tiaozhan zai ta de xin gongzuo zhong.
C2 adjective /ˌsʌpəzɪˈtɪʃəs/

supposititious

假设的
Meaning
Based on assumption rather than fact; not genuine or authentic.
Example
The story turned out to be supposititious, with no evidence to support it.
这个故事证明是假的，没有证据支持它。
C2 noun /ˈkɔːrmərənt/

cormorant

一种大黑色海鸟，通过潜水捕捉鱼类
Meaning
a large black sea bird that catches fish by diving
Example
The cormorant perched on the rock, drying its wings after a dive.
鸬鹚停在岩石上，潜水后晾干翅膀。
B2 adjective /ɪnˈækjərət/

Inaccurate

不正确; 错误的; 错误的
Meaning
not correct; containing errors; wrong
Example
The weather forecast was inaccurate yesterday.
昨天的天气预报不准确。
B1 adjective /ˈdʒɛnərəs/

generous

慷慨
Meaning
willing to give or share more than is necessary; kind and giving
Example
She is very generous with her time and money.
她在时间和金钱上非常慷慨。
A1 noun /ˈhɒs.pɪ.təl/

hospital

医院
Meaning
an institution where sick or injured people are given medical treatment
Example
He was taken to the hospital after the accident.
事故发生后，他被送往医院。
C1 adjective /ˈveɪɡrənt/

Vagrant

流浪; 无家可归
Meaning
wandering aimlessly; having no settled home
Example
The vagrant man was asking for food near the station.
流浪汉在车站附近乞讨食物。
C2 noun /ˌpaɪroʊˈmeɪniæk/

pyromaniac

纵火狂
Meaning
A person with an uncontrollable desire to set things on fire.
Example
The pyromaniac was arrested for setting several buildings ablaze.
纵火狂因点燃多座建筑而被逮捕。
C1 noun /əˈflɪkʃən/

affliction

痛苦
Meaning
a state of pain, suffering, or distress
Example
Poverty is a common affliction in many parts of the world.
贫困是世界许多地方的常见痛苦。
C1 adverb /ɔːˈtɒnəməsli/

autonomously

自动地
Meaning
In an independent or self-governing manner.
Example
The robot can operate autonomously without human intervention.
机器人可以在没有人工干预的情况下自动工作。
B2 noun /flɛkˈsɪbɪləti/

flexibility

灵活性
Meaning
The quality of bending easily without breaking; willingness to change or compromise.
Example
The flexibility of the working hours made it easier to balance work and personal life.
工作时间的灵活性使得平衡工作和个人生活变得更加容易。
C2 adjective /ˌrɛpərˈtɔːriəl/

repertorial

报道的
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of a repertoire, especially in journalism or performance contexts.
Example
The journalist's repertorial style captured every detail of the unfolding story.
记者的报道风格捕捉了展开故事的每个细节。
C1 noun rɪˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃən

regeneration

再生
Meaning
Renewal, growth and development of cells, tissues or energy
Example
Proper rest allows muscle regeneration after exercise.
适当的休息有助于运动后的肌肉再生。
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɑːlɪtɪk/

impolitic

不明智的
Meaning
Unwise or imprudent; not showing good judgment.
Example
It would be impolitic to criticize them openly.
公开批评他们是不明智的。
B2 verb əˈpɔɪn.tɪd

appointed

任命
Meaning
Assign a job or role to someone; designate someone to a position.
Example
Appointed officials carry significant responsibilities.
任命的官员承担重要责任。
A1 noun /ˈwɛnzdeɪ/

wednesday

星期三
Meaning
the fourth day of the week, following Tuesday and preceding Thursday
Example
The meeting has been scheduled for Wednesday afternoon.
会议安排在星期三下午。
B2 verb /ɪnˈfɔːrs/

enforce

执行
Meaning
to make sure that a rule, law, or policy is obeyed
Example
The police are responsible for enforcing the law.
警方负责执行法律。
A1 noun /ˈsɪstər/

sister

姐姐 / 妹妹
Meaning
a female sibling; a girl or woman in relation to other children of her parents
Example
My sister is coming to visit us next week.
我姐姐下周要来看我们。
C1 verb /ˈhjuːmənaɪz/

humanize

人性化
Meaning
To make something more humane, kind, or relatable.
Example
The teacher tried to humanize the lesson with personal stories.
老师试图通过个人故事让课程更加人性化。
C2 noun /səbˈsɜːviəns/

subservience

奴性
Meaning
the condition of being too willing to obey or serve others
Example
His subservience to authority annoyed his colleagues.
他对权威的奴性让同事们感到烦恼。
C2 noun /kɒɡˈnoʊmən/

cognomen

姓氏 / 绰号
Meaning
A family name or surname; an additional name or nickname.
Example
His cognomen became widely known in literary circles.
他的姓氏在文学界广为人知。
C2 verb /kəˈlʌmnieɪt/

calumniate

诽谤
Meaning
To make false and damaging statements about someone; to slander.
Example
He was furious when he realized they had calumniated his reputation.
当他意识到他们已经毁坏了他的名声时，他非常生气。
B1 adjective hɪˈstɔːrɪk

historic

历史的
Meaning
Famous or significant in history, or potentially so.
Example
Victory Day is a historic moment for Bangladesh.
胜利日是孟加拉国的一个历史性时刻。
A2 adjective /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ.ə.bəl/

Enjoyable

愉快的; 令人愉悦的
Meaning
pleasant; giving satisfaction or pleasure
Example
The movie was very enjoyable and made everyone laugh.
这部电影非常愉快，让每个人都笑了。
B1 noun /ˈtɪʃ.uː/

tissue

纸巾
Meaning
a piece of soft absorbent paper or fabric
Example
She used a tissue to wipe her nose.
她用纸巾擦了擦鼻子。
B2 noun /məˈkænɪks/

mechanics

力学
Meaning
the branch of physics concerned with the motion of objects and the forces acting on them; also refers to the practical details of how something works
Example
He studied the mechanics of the machine before fixing it.
在修理机器之前，他研究了这台机器的力学。
C1 noun ˌdɪm.ɪˈnjuː.ʃən

diminution

减少
Meaning
A reduction in the size, extent, or importance of something; decrease.
Example
There has been a diminution in air pollution.
空气污染减少了。
A2 noun /dɪˈziːz/

disease

疾病
Meaning
An illness or medical condition that affects the body or mind.
Example
The doctor is researching a cure for the disease.
医生正在研究治疗这种疾病的方法。
C1 noun /ˈmeɪsən/

mason

泥瓦匠
Meaning
a person skilled in building with stone, brick, or concrete
Example
The mason carefully laid the bricks for the new house.
泥瓦匠小心地铺设了新房子的砖块。
B2 noun /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/

physicist

物理学家
Meaning
a scientist who studies or specializes in physics
Example
The physicist explained the theory of relativity to the students.
物理学家向学生们解释了相对论。
C2 noun /ˈpɒsi/

posse

帮派 / 朋友群
Meaning
A group of people, often friends or a group organized to support or enforce the law.
Example
He arrived at the party with his posse of friends.
他和他的朋友帮派一起到达了派对。
A1 noun /pɪɡ/

Pig

猪
Meaning
a domestic farm animal with a short curly tail and a flat nose
Example
The farmer fed the pig in the pen.
农民在圈子里喂猪。
C2 adjective /vɜːrˈtɪdʒɪnəs/

vertiginous

眩晕的
Meaning
Causing dizziness due to great height or steepness.
Example
The tourists looked down from the vertiginous cliffs with awe.
游客从眩晕的悬崖上低头望去，满怀敬畏。
C2 adjective /ˌdɛbəˈnɛr/

debonair

迷人
Meaning
confident, stylish, and charming, typically referring to a man
Example
He looked debonair in his tuxedo at the gala.
他在晚会中穿着燕尾服看起来非常迷人。
B2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈiːt/

overeat

幸福
Meaning
To eat more food than the body needs.
Example
She tends to overeat when she is stressed.
她在收到奖项时无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 adjective /ˌsɛlf əbˈzɔːrbd/

self-absorbed

自我中心
Meaning
Excessively preoccupied with oneself and one’s own thoughts, feelings, or interests.
Example
He was too self-absorbed to notice his friend's distress.
他太过自我中心，没注意到朋友的困扰。
C2 noun mɒnəˈtɑːskɪŋ

monotasking

一次专注于一项任务
Meaning
The practice of dedicating oneself to a given task and minimizing potential interruptions until the task is completed or a significant period of time has elapsed.
Example
Monotasking can often lead to higher quality work.
单任务处理通常会带来更高质量的工作。
B2 adjective ˌæn.əlˈɪt.ɪ.kəl

analytical

分析的, 研究性的, 逻辑的
Meaning
Using or skilled in using analysis (i.e., separating a whole—intellectual or substantial—into its elemental parts or basic principles).
Example
She has an analytical approach to problem-solving.
她在解决问题时采用分析性方法。
B2 noun /luːp/

Loop

圈，环
Meaning
a shape produced by a curve that bends around and crosses itself
Example
The string formed a neat loop around the package.
绳子在包裹周围形成了一个整齐的环。
C2 verb /ˌsɜːrkəmˈnævɪɡeɪt/

circumnavigate

环绕地球
Meaning
to travel all the way around something, especially the earth
Example
Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe.
麦哲伦是第一个环绕地球航行的人。
C1 noun /fruːˈɡæl.ə.ti/

frugality

节俭
Meaning
The quality of being economical in use or expenditure; not wasteful.
Example
Frugality is essential for saving money effectively.
节俭对有效节省钱至关重要。
C1 adjective /taɪˈtænɪk/

titanic

巨大的
Meaning
Of exceptional strength, size, or power.
Example
The company made titanic efforts to expand into new markets.
公司在开拓新市场时做出了巨大的努力。
B1 verb /prəˈnaʊns/

pronounce

发音
Meaning
to say words correctly; to declare officially
Example
She can pronounce French words perfectly.
她可以完美地发音法语单词。
B2 noun səˈsteɪnəbl dɪˈvɛləpmənt

Sustainable Development

可持续发展
Meaning
Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Example
Eco-tourism contributes to sustainable development in local communities.
生态旅游有助于当地社区的可持续发展。
C1 noun /skraɪb/

scribe

抄写员
Meaning
a person who writes documents, especially in ancient times; a professional copyist
Example
In ancient Egypt, scribes recorded important events.
在古埃及，抄写员记录了重要的事件。
C1 noun /kəmˈpəʊ.ʒər/

composure

冷静和自我控制的状态
Meaning
The state or feeling of being calm and in control of oneself.
Example
She maintained her composure during the interview.
她在面试中保持了冷静。
C1 verb ˈdwɪn.dl

dwindle

减少
Meaning
To diminish gradually in size, amount, or strength; to become progressively smaller.
Example
His savings dwindled due to unexpected expenses.
由于意外开销，他的储蓄减少了。
C1 adjective /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

martial

军事的
Meaning
Related to war, soldiers, or military life.
Example
The country imposed martial law during the crisis.
该国在危机期间实施了戒严法。
B2 adjective /aʊtˈreɪdʒəs/

outrageous

骇人听闻
Meaning
Shockingly bad or excessive; very unusual or amusing.
Example
The comedian told an outrageous joke.
这位喜剧演员讲了一个骇人听闻的笑话。
C2 noun /ˌdɪsrɪˈpjuːt/

disrepute

恶名
Meaning
the state of being held in low esteem or having a bad reputation
Example
The scandal brought the politician into disrepute.
丑闻使这位政治家名声扫地。
C1 adjective ˈsɒvrɪn

sovereign

主权的, 最高的
Meaning
Possessing supreme or ultimate power; independent.
Example
The sovereign government has control over its currency.
主权政府控制着自己的货币。
C2 noun /ʌnˈkloʊðɪŋ/

unclothing

脱衣
Meaning
the act or process of removing clothing
Example
The child quickly ran inside for unclothing after playing in the mud.
孩子在泥地玩耍后迅速跑进去脱衣。
C2 noun /kəˈtæb.ə.lɪ.zəm/

catabolism

分解代谢
Meaning
The breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism.
Example
Catabolism plays a crucial role in cellular energy production.
分解代谢在细胞能量生产中起着至关重要的作用。
C2 noun /ˌsɜːrkəmləˈkjuːʃn/

circumlocution

拐弯抹角
Meaning
the use of many words when fewer would do, especially to avoid stating something directly
Example
The politician's speech was filled with circumlocution.
政治家的演讲充满了拐弯抹角。
C1 noun /pəˈθɒlədʒi/

pathology

病理学
Meaning
the scientific study of diseases, their causes, processes, and effects on the body
Example
Advances in pathology helped the doctors identify the rare infection quickly.
病理学的进展帮助医生迅速识别罕见的感染。
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈtriːvəbl/

irretrievable

不可恢复
Meaning
impossible to recover or regain
Example
The documents were lost in an irretrievable way after the fire.
文件在火灾后以不可恢复的方式丢失。