Passion flower
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C1 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən ˌflaʊ.ər/

Passion flower

激情花
Meaning
A climbing plant with intricate, colorful flowers; also refers to royal poinciana tree with red-orange blooms
Example
The passion flower vine covered the garden wall with beautiful blooms.
激情花藤用美丽的花朵覆盖了花园的墙壁。
B2 noun prəˈtæɡənɪst

protagonist

主角
Meaning
The leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel, or other fictional text.
Example
Charles Darnay is one of the protagonists of the story.
查尔斯·达尔内是故事中的主角之一。
B2 verb /paɪn/

pine

渴望
Meaning
to long intensely for something or someone; to suffer from longing
Example
He pined for his hometown after moving abroad.
他搬到国外后，非常想念他的家乡。
C2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsəri/

promissory

承诺的
Meaning
Containing or conveying a promise, especially in writing.
Example
He signed a promissory note to repay the loan.
他签署了还款承诺书。
A1 noun /peɪdʒ/

page

页面
Meaning
one side of a sheet of paper, or a single sheet of paper in a book or document
Example
Turn to the next page for more information.
转到下一页以获取更多信息。
B2 noun /ˈprɛzɪdənsi/

presidency

总统职务
Meaning
the office or position of being a president
Example
He was elected to the presidency in 2020.
他在2020年当选为总统。
B2 adjective /ˈprɛsɪŋ/

pressing

紧急
Meaning
Requiring immediate attention or urgent action.
Example
The manager had to deal with several pressing issues at once.
经理必须同时处理几个紧急问题。
B1 noun /ˈplʌm.ər/

plumber

水管工
Meaning
a person who installs or repairs water pipes
Example
The plumber fixed the leaking pipe in the kitchen.
水管工修好了厨房里漏水的管道。
B1 noun, adjective /pəˈdɛstriən/

Pedestrian

行人
Meaning
a person walking on the street; also means dull or ordinary
Example
The pedestrian crossed the road at the crosswalk.
行人通过人行道过马路。
B1 noun ˈpeɪʃəns

patience

耐心
Meaning
The capacity to accept or tolerate delay, problems, or suffering without becoming annoyed or anxious
Example
Patience is essential when chasing big goals.
耐心对于追求大目标至关重要。
C2 noun /ˈpælɪˌnoʊd/

palinode

悔诗
Meaning
a poem or statement in which the writer retracts something said in an earlier work
Example
The poet wrote a palinode to apologize for his earlier harsh words.
诗人写了一首悔诗，为自己之前的尖锐言辞道歉。
B2 noun /prɪˈtens/

Pretence

虚伪
Meaning
an attempt to make something that is not the case appear true
Example
He made no pretence of being interested in the conversation.
他没有装作对谈话感兴趣。
B1 noun /plʌm/

Plum

李子
Meaning
a small round fruit with smooth red or purple skin, sweet flesh, and a single large seed
Example
The purple plum was juicy and delicious.
紫色的李子又多汁又美味。
C1 noun /ˈprɒk.tər/

proctor

监考员
Meaning
a person who supervises students during an examination
Example
The proctor reminded students to keep their phones switched off.
监考员提醒学生关闭手机。
A2 noun /ˈprəʊɡræm/

program

程序
Meaning
a planned series of events or activities
Example
The program starts at 9 AM sharp.
程序在上午9点准时开始。
C2 noun /paɪər/

pyre

火葬堆
Meaning
A heap of combustible material, especially one used for burning a corpse as part of a funeral ceremony.
Example
The villagers built a pyre to honor the deceased.
村民们建造了一堆火葬堆，以尊重已故者。
C1 noun /ˈprɒksi/

proxy

代理人
Meaning
A person authorized to act on behalf of another; a substitute.
Example
She voted by proxy at the meeting.
她在会议上通过代理投票。
B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tɪ.klz/

particles

微粒
Meaning
Minute portions of matter.
Example
PM2.5 particles harm respiratory health.
PM2.5微粒危害呼吸健康。
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.ni/

puny

虚弱的
Meaning
Small, weak, or insignificant.
Example
He felt puny compared to his stronger classmates.
与他更强大的同学相比，他感觉自己很虚弱。
C1 noun /prəˈvaɪzoʊ/

proviso

条件
Meaning
a condition or stipulation attached to an agreement
Example
He accepted the job offer with the proviso that he could work remotely twice a week.
他接受了工作邀请，前提是他每周可以远程工作两次。
C2 verb /ˈpælpɪˌteɪt/

palpitate

快速跳动
Meaning
to beat rapidly and strongly, often because of fear, excitement, or illness
Example
Her heart began to palpitate with fear.
她的心脏因恐惧开始剧烈跳动。
C2 verb /pɜːrl/

purl

发出低语声地流动
Meaning
To knit with a purl stitch; to flow with a murmuring sound (as a stream).
Example
The brook purled softly through the meadow.
小溪轻轻地流过草地。
C1 noun /ˈsuːdənɪm/

pseudonym

笔名
Meaning
a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name
Example
Mark Twain was the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.
马克·吐温是塞缪尔·克莱门斯的笔名。
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːr.dən.ə.bəl/

Pardonable

可原谅的
Meaning
able to be forgiven; excusable
Example
His mistake was pardonable given the difficult circumstances.
他的错误是可以原谅的，鉴于困难的情况。
C2 noun /prəˈfjuːʒən/

profusion

丰富
Meaning
an abundance or large quantity of something
Example
Spring brought a profusion of wildflowers to the valley.
春天给山谷带来了大量的野花。
B1 noun /pɔːrk/

pork

幸福
Meaning
the flesh of a pig used as food
Example
He doesn't eat pork for religious reasons.
当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 adjective /pləˈtɒnɪk/

platonic

柏拉图式
Meaning
relating to a close relationship that is not romantic or sexual
Example
They have a platonic friendship that has lasted for years.
他们有一段柏拉图式的友谊，已经持续了多年。
C1 verb/noun /pərˈvɜːrt/

pervert

Meaning
As a verb: to distort the meaning or purpose of something; as a noun: a person with abnormal or immoral sexual behavior.
Example
He tried to pervert the truth to escape punishment.
C2 noun /ˈplɛbɪsaɪt/

plebiscite

公民投票
Meaning
a direct vote by the electorate on an important public question
Example
The government held a plebiscite to decide on the new constitution.
政府举行了公民投票，决定新的宪法。
C2 verb /pɑːrtʃ/

parch

使干燥
Meaning
to make something extremely dry, especially by exposure to heat
Example
The scorching sun began to parch the fields.
炙热的太阳开始把田地弄干。
C1 adjective /pəˈrɛniəl/

perennial

常青
Meaning
lasting or existing for a long time, or recurring continually
Example
Climate change is a perennial concern for scientists.
气候变化是科学家的一个长期关注问题。
B2 noun prəˈdʒɛk.ʃən

projection

声音投射
Meaning
The strength and range of voice when speaking.
Example
Proper projection ensures that every listener hears clearly.
适当的投射确保每个听众都能清晰地听到。
B1 noun /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

publication

出版
Meaning
the act of making something publicly known or available
Example
The publication of the report sparked a debate.
报告的出版引发了辩论。
B2 noun ˈpɛstɪˌsaɪd

pesticide

杀虫剂
Meaning
A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.
Example
The pesticide sprayed in the field killed the harmful insects.
在田间喷洒的杀虫剂杀死了有害的昆虫。
C1 adjective ˈpɪv.ə.təl

pivotal

关键的
Meaning
Of crucial importance in relation to the development or success of something else.
Example
Renewable energy plays a pivotal role in sustainability.
可再生能源在可持续性中起着关键作用。
B2 noun /prəˈmoʊ.tər/

promoter

推广员
Meaning
A person or organization that helps to organize or finance an event, business, or product launch.
Example
The promoter organized a concert for the new band.
推广员为新乐队组织了一场音乐会。
C1 verb /ˈpʌməl/

pummel

痛打
Meaning
To strike repeatedly with the fists; to beat or hit forcefully.
Example
The boxer pummeled his opponent in the final round.
拳击手在最后一回合痛打了对手。
B2 noun /ˈpriː.tɛns/ or /prɪˈtɛns/

pretense

伪装, 假象
Meaning
A false appearance or claim; an act of pretending.
Example
His kindness was only a pretense to gain trust.
他的友善只是为了赢得信任的伪装。
C1 verb /pərˈspaɪər/

perspire

流汗
Meaning
To give out sweat through the pores of the skin as a result of heat, physical exertion, or stress.
Example
He began to perspire after running for 10 minutes.
他跑了10分钟后开始流汗。
B1 noun /prɪnt/

Print

印刷; 标记; 痕迹;
Meaning
words, letters, or pictures produced on paper using a machine; a mark made by pressing something onto a surface
Example
The book is available in both digital and print versions.
这本书有数字版和印刷版可供选择。
C1 adjective /ˈpɛnsɪv/

pensive

沉思
Meaning
Engaged in deep or serious thought.
Example
She looked pensive as she stared out of the window.
她看起来若有所思地凝视着窗外。
C1 noun /prəˈpɛlənt/

propellant

推进剂
Meaning
A substance that drives or pushes something forward, especially fuel in rockets or engines.
Example
The rocket uses a liquid propellant to launch into space.
火箭使用液体推进剂发射进入太空。
C1 noun /ˌpiːdiˈætrɪks/

pediatrics

儿科学
Meaning
the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of children
Example
She decided to specialize in pediatrics after medical school.
她决定在医学学校后专攻儿科学。
C1 noun /ˈplez.ən.tri/

Pleasantry

客套话
Meaning
a remark made in order to be polite or friendly; light conversation or jokes
Example
They exchanged pleasantries before the meeting began.
他们在会议开始前交换了客套话。
B1 noun pəˈfɔː.məns

performance

表现
Meaning
The action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.
Example
Performance improvements boost confidence.
性能提升增强了信心。
C2 noun /pɛnˈtæmɪtər/

pentameter

五步格
Meaning
A line of verse consisting of five metrical feet.
Example
Shakespeare often wrote his plays in iambic pentameter.
莎士比亚常常用五步格写剧本。
B2 adjective /ˈpoʊ.lər/

polar

极地的，关于两极的
Meaning
relating to the North or South Pole; opposite in nature or character
Example
Penguins live in polar regions of the Earth.
企鹅生活在地球的极地地区。
B2 adjective /pɪˈkjuː.li.ər/

Peculiar

奇怪的; 异常的; 稀有的
Meaning
strange or odd; unusual; belonging exclusively to
Example
She has a peculiar way of speaking.
她有一种奇怪的说话方式。
C1 verb /ˈpɛtrɪfaɪ/

petrify

石化
Meaning
to make someone so frightened that they are unable to move or think; to turn into stone
Example
The loud noise petrified the little child.
大声的噪音让孩子石化了。
C1 noun /ˈprɒv.ɜːb/

Proverb

幸福
Meaning
a short saying that expresses a general truth or gives advice
Example
The proverb 'Early to bed, early to rise' teaches us about good habits.
当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
B2 adverb /prɪˈdɒmɪnəntli/

predominantly

主要
Meaning
mainly; for the most part
Example
The population in the city is predominantly young.
这个城市的人口主要是年轻人。
B1 adverb /ˈpɜː.mə.nənt.li/

permanently

永久地
Meaning
in a way that lasts or remains unchanged for a long time or forever
Example
She moved to the city permanently after finishing her studies.
她在完成学业后永久地搬到了这座城市。
C2 noun /ˈpɛntəˌɡræm/

pentagram

五角星
Meaning
A five-pointed star often used as a symbol in magic, mysticism, or religion.
Example
The wizard drew a pentagram on the floor as part of the ritual.
魔法师在地板上画了一个五角星，作为仪式的一部分。
C1 noun /ˈpræɡmətɪst/

pragmatist

实用主义者
Meaning
A person who deals with things in a practical and realistic way.
Example
He is a true pragmatist who values results over ideals.
他是一个真正的实用主义者，他更看重结果而非理想。
C1 noun /pəˈrɪfəri/

periphery

边缘
Meaning
The outer edge or boundary of an area or object.
Example
The soldiers were stationed at the periphery of the camp.
士兵们驻扎在营地的边缘。
B1 noun /ˈprɪzənər/

prisoner

囚犯
Meaning
a person who is in prison
Example
The prisoner was granted parole after serving 10 years.
这个囚犯在服刑10年后被释放。
C1 adjective /prəˈlɪf.ɪk/

prolific

多产的
Meaning
Present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful; producing many works, results, or offspring.
Example
The author is prolific, having written over 30 books.
作者是多产的，写了超过30本书。
C1 noun /ˈpɛdlər/

peddler

小贩
Meaning
a person who sells goods, often traveling from place to place
Example
The peddler walked through the village selling fresh fruits.
小贩走过村庄，卖着新鲜的水果。
C1 verb /prɪˈkluːd/

preclude

阻止
Meaning
To prevent something from happening; to make impossible.
Example
Heavy rain precluded the possibility of a picnic.
大雨阻止了野餐的可能性。
C2 adjective /njuːˈmætɪk/

pneumatic

气动的
Meaning
operated by air or gas under pressure
Example
The factory uses pneumatic tools for assembly.
工厂使用气动工具进行组装。
C2 noun /prɪˈfɜːrmənt/

preferment

晋升
Meaning
promotion or advancement in rank, position, or office
Example
He hoped for preferment in the government office.
他希望在政府办公室得到晋升。
C2 adjective /ˈpeɪli/

paly

条纹的
Meaning
striped with different colors, usually used in heraldry
Example
The knight’s shield was decorated with paly stripes of red and gold.
骑士的盾牌上装饰着红色和金色的条纹。
C2 adjective /prəˈtuːbərənt/

protuberant

突出或膨胀
Meaning
Sticking out or bulging.
Example
His protuberant belly showed after the meal.
饭后他凸出的肚子显现出来。
C1 verb /praʊl/

prowl

悄悄走动（猎取或寻找）
Meaning
To move around quietly and secretly, especially while hunting or searching.
Example
The cat prowled around the garden at night.
猫在夜间悄悄地绕着花园走。
B2 adverb /pɪˈkju:.li.ə.li/

Peculiarly

以奇怪的方式; 以不寻常的方式
Meaning
in a strange or unusual way; in a manner that is distinctive or characteristic
Example
She dressed peculiarly for the formal dinner, wearing bright colors and unusual patterns.
她为正式晚宴穿着非常独特，穿着鲜艳的颜色和不寻常的图案。
C2 adjective /ˌpriːtərˈnætʃərəl/

preternatural

超自然
Meaning
Beyond what is normal or natural; extraordinary or supernatural.
Example
She had a preternatural ability to remain calm in any crisis.
她在任何危机中保持冷静的能力是超自然的。
C1 verb /per/

pare

削皮
Meaning
to cut away the outer covering or reduce something gradually
Example
She pared the apple before eating it.
她在吃苹果前削了皮。
A2 adjective /ˈpʌblɪk/

public

公共的
Meaning
relating to or affecting the people as a whole
Example
The public demanded action on the issue.
公众要求对此问题采取行动。
C2 adjective /ˈpɑːmi/

palmy

繁荣 / 荣耀
Meaning
prosperous, flourishing, or relating to palm trees
Example
He often reminisced about the palmy days of his youth.
他经常回忆起年轻时的繁荣日子。
C2 adjective /ˌpɪkəˈrɛsk/

picaresque

流氓英雄的故事
Meaning
relating to a style of fiction depicting the adventures of a roguish hero
Example
The novel is a picaresque tale of a clever vagabond.
这本小说是一个聪明流浪汉的皮卡雷斯克故事。
C2 noun /pɪˈdɒl.ə.dʒi/

pedology

土壤学
Meaning
The study of soils in their natural environment.
Example
Pedology helps scientists understand soil fertility.
土壤学帮助科学家理解土壤的肥力。
C2 adjective /pəˈnjʊəriəs/

penurious

极度贫穷
Meaning
extremely poor; poverty-stricken; miserly
Example
The penurious family struggled to buy food.
那个极度贫穷的家庭艰难地购买食物。
C1 adjective /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnʃəl/

preferential

优先的
Meaning
showing or giving advantage to one over others
Example
Members receive preferential treatment at the club.
会员在俱乐部享有优先待遇。
B2 adjective /ˌprɒb.ləˈmæt.ɪk/

Problematic

有问题的; 导致问题的
Meaning
causing problems; troublesome; difficult to deal with
Example
The new policy changes are problematic and need to be reviewed.
新政策的变化是有问题的，需要审查。
B1 noun /pərˈfɔːrmər/

performer

表演者
Meaning
a person who entertains an audience by acting, singing, dancing, or playing music
Example
The performer received a standing ovation for her song.
表演者因她的歌曲获得了起立鼓掌。
A2 phrasal verb /pɪk ʌp/

pick up

捡起; 接载; 学会
Meaning
to lift something; to collect or receive someone or something; to learn or acquire gradually; to improve or increase
Example
She picked up the book from the floor.
她从地板上捡起了那本书。
B1 verb pres

press

按压. 按。
Meaning
Exert force on (someone or something), typically with one's finger or hand, in order to move them away from oneself.
Example
Press firmly to operate the machine.
按压以操作机器。
B1 noun /ˈpæsɪdʒ/

passage

狭窄的通道; 片段/引用; 从一个状态或地方到另一个的过程
Meaning
a narrow way through or between; a section of text or music; the process of moving from one state or place to another
Example
The narrow passage led from the courtyard to the library.
狭窄的通道从庭院通向图书馆。
C2 noun /ˌfɑːrməkəˈpiːə/

pharmacopoeia

药典
Meaning
An official book listing medicinal drugs, their effects, and directions for use.
Example
The doctor referred to the pharmacopoeia to check the drug's proper dosage.
医生查阅了药典，以核对药物的正确剂量。
C2 noun /pɪˈnɒlədʒi/

penology

监狱学
Meaning
The study of prison management and criminal rehabilitation.
Example
He decided to specialize in penology to help improve the prison system.
他决定专攻监狱学，以帮助改善监狱系统。
B1 adjective pəˈlɪtɪkəl

political

政治的
Meaning
Relating to the government or public affairs of a country; relating to politics or political parties.
Example
The political agenda included autonomy.
政治议程包括自治。
B1 noun prɪˈven.ʃən

prevention

预防
Meaning
The action of stopping something from happening or arising.
Example
Prevention of fascism ensures democracy.
法西斯主义的预防确保了民主。
B2 noun prəˈsiːdɪŋz

proceedings

程序
Meaning
An event or a series of activities involving a formal or set procedure.
Example
The proceedings discussed language issues.
程序讨论了语言问题。
C1 noun /ˈpriː.tekst/

Pretext

借口
Meaning
a reason given in justification of a course of action that is not the real reason
Example
He used illness as a pretext to avoid the meeting.
他用生病作为借口来避开会议。
A2 noun /ˌpɒsəˈbɪləti/

possibility

可能性
Meaning
something that may happen or be the case; a chance that something exists or might occur
Example
There is a strong possibility of rain tomorrow.
明天有强烈的降雨可能性。
C2 verb /priːˈfɪɡjər/

prefigure

预示
Meaning
to represent, show, or foreshadow something in advance
Example
The economic reforms prefigure major social changes.
经济改革预示着重大社会变革。
B2 verb /pəˈluːt/

pollute

污染
Meaning
to make air, water, or land dirty and harmful to people, animals, and plants
Example
Factories pollute the environment with toxic chemicals.
工厂用有毒化学品污染环境。
A1 verb pleɪ

play

扮演角色
Meaning
To have a role or function in a situation; to contribute to something.
Example
Artemis will play a crucial role in Mars exploration.
阿耳忒弥斯将在火星探索中发挥关键作用。
B2 noun /ˈprɛsɪdənt/

precedent

先例
Meaning
An earlier event or decision that serves as a guide or example for future similar situations.
Example
The judge’s ruling set a new precedent for similar cases.
法官的裁决为类似案件设立了一个新的先例。
C1 verb /pɜːrdʒ/

purge

清除
Meaning
To remove unwanted feelings, people, or things; to cleanse or purify.
Example
The new leader promised to purge corruption from the government.
新领导承诺清除政府中的腐败。
A2 noun /ˈpɒkɪt/

pocket

Meaning
a small, enclosed space in clothing for carrying items
Example
He put his phone in his pocket.
B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

偏爱
Meaning
a greater liking for one alternative over another or others
Example
She has a preference for classical music over pop music.
她更喜欢古典音乐而不是流行音乐。
B2 noun /ˈprɛdətər/

predator

掠食者
Meaning
An animal that hunts and kills other animals for food.
Example
Lions are powerful predators in the savannah.
狮子是草原上强大的掠食者。
B2 adjective /pəˈzes.ɪv/

Possessive

幸福
Meaning
showing a desire to own or control something; unwilling to share; jealously protective
Example
He is very possessive about his car.
当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
B1 noun /ˈfɪzɪks/

physics

物理学
Meaning
the natural science that studies matter, energy, and the interactions between them
Example
She decided to major in physics at the university.
她决定在大学主修物理学。
C1 adjective /ˈpəʊ.tənt/

Potent

强效; 强大的; 有效的
Meaning
having great strength, power, or effect; influential
Example
The medicine is very potent and should be taken carefully.
这药效强，应该小心服用。
C2 noun /ˈpoʊtənˌteɪt/

potentate

君主
Meaning
A monarch or ruler, especially one with absolute power.
Example
The ancient land was ruled by a powerful potentate.
古老的土地由一个强大的君主统治。
B2 adjective /plʌmp/

plump

丰满或圆形
Meaning
having a full, rounded shape; pleasantly fat
Example
The cat was plump and well-fed.
那只猫又胖又被很好地喂养。
A2 noun /ˈpækɪdʒ/

package

包裹
Meaning
a container or wrapping in which something is packed
Example
He received a package in the mail.
他收到了一份包裹。
C2 noun /ˌprɪnsɪˈpæləti/

principality

公国
Meaning
a state ruled by a prince
Example
Monaco is a famous principality in Europe.
摩纳哥是欧洲著名的公国。
C2 noun /ˈpɛntæd/

pentad

五个一组
Meaning
A group or set of five things.
Example
The committee was divided into a pentad of working groups.
委员会被分成了五个工作小组。
C2 noun /ˌpaɪroʊˈmeɪniæk/

pyromaniac

纵火狂
Meaning
A person with an uncontrollable desire to set things on fire.
Example
The pyromaniac was arrested for setting several buildings ablaze.
纵火狂因点燃多座建筑而被逮捕。
C2 verb /pərˈlɔɪn/

purloin

偷窃
Meaning
to steal something, often in a sneaky or dishonest way
Example
He tried to purloin a book from the library without being noticed.
他试图从图书馆偷一本书，而没有被注意到。
A2 verb /pɒp/

pop

爆炸
Meaning
to make a short, sharp sound, or to burst or break with such a sound
Example
The balloon popped when I accidentally pricked it with a pin.
气球爆裂了，当我不小心用针戳它时。
C1 verb /plɒd/

plod

缓慢而坚定地工作
Meaning
to work slowly and steadily, often with effort or difficulty
Example
He plodded through his homework despite feeling tired.
尽管他感到疲倦，他还是慢慢地完成了作业。
C1 verb /praɪ/

pry

窥探 / 干涉
Meaning
to look closely into something; to try to find out private information
Example
She tried to pry into her neighbor’s private life.
她试图窥探她邻居的私人生活。
C2 verb /prəˈpɪʃieɪt/

propitiate

安抚
Meaning
to win or regain the favor of someone by doing something that pleases them
Example
He offered gifts to propitiate the angry gods.
他提供礼物来安抚愤怒的神明。
C1 noun /ˈpɪn.sərz/

Pincers

钳子
Meaning
a tool made of two curved or hinged pieces of metal used for gripping and pulling things
Example
The chef used pincers to remove the hot pot from the stove.
厨师用钳子把热锅从炉子上取下来。
B2 adjective /ˈpæsɪv/

passive

被动; (语法) 被动语态
Meaning
not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action
Example
Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting.
他在会议中没有采取主导，而是保持被动。
B2 verb (phrasal) /ˈpæs ˌɔːf/

pass-off

Meaning
to present something or someone falsely as something else; to pretend or deceive
Example
He tried to pass off the fake watch as a luxury brand.
B2 adjective /ˈfoʊni/

phony

虚假, 假冒
Meaning
not genuine; fraudulent or insincere
Example
He gave a phony smile to hide his true feelings.
他露出虚假的微笑来掩饰他的真实感情。
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

惩罚性
Meaning
Inflicting or intended as punishment.
Example
The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.
该公司因违反法律而面临惩罚性措施。
C1 noun /prəˈdʒɛktaɪl/

projectile

弹丸
Meaning
An object fired, thrown, or propelled, especially from a weapon.
Example
The soldier dodged the incoming projectile.
士兵躲过了来袭的弹丸。
B1 noun /freɪz/

phrase

短语
Meaning
a small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit
Example
He gave a memorable phrase at the conference.
他在会议上说了一句令人难忘的话。
C1 noun /ˌtɛrəˈdæktɪl/

pterodactyl

已灭绝的飞行爬行动物
Meaning
An extinct flying reptile of the Jurassic period, with a long slender head and wings formed by a membrane stretching along the body.
Example
The museum displayed a fossil of a giant pterodactyl.
博物馆展示了一只巨大的翼龙化石。
A2 adjective /ˈpaʊə.fəl/

powerful

强大的
Meaning
Having great power or strength.
Example
The James Webb Telescope is the most powerful space observatory.
詹姆斯·韦布望远镜是最强大的太空天文台。
A2 verb /prəˈduːs/

produce

生产
Meaning
to make, create, or manufacture something
Example
The factory produces cars.
工厂生产汽车。
B1 adverb /ˈpɜr.sən.ə.li/

Personally

个人而言; 就我个人而言; 亲自
Meaning
as a person; in one's own opinion; for oneself; in person
Example
Personally, I think the movie was excellent, though others disagree.
就个人而言，我认为这部电影非常好，尽管其他人不同意。
C2 noun /ˈpʌndʒənsi/

pungency

辛辣
Meaning
The quality of having a strong, sharp taste or smell.
Example
The pungency of garlic filled the kitchen.
大蒜的辛辣味充满了厨房。
C1 verb /pɑːrs/

parse

语法分析
Meaning
to analyze a sentence or text grammatically or logically
Example
The software can parse large amounts of text data efficiently.
该软件可以高效地解析大量文本数据。
B2 noun /ˈfoʊ.bi.ə/

Phobia

极度的恐惧; 厌恶
Meaning
an extreme or irrational fear of or aversion to something
Example
She has a phobia of spiders.
她有蜘蛛恐惧症。