C2 noun /ˈpærəpɛt/

parapet

防护墙

Meaning

A low protective wall along the edge of a roof, balcony, or bridge.

Example

The soldier hid behind the parapet for protection.

士兵躲在防护墙后面以保障安全。

B2 noun /ˈpɪk.səl/

pixel

数字图像或显示器的最小单位

Meaning

the smallest unit of a digital image or display

Example

The image is blurry because some pixels are missing.

图像模糊，因为一些像素丢失了。

C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

光合作用效率

Meaning

The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.

Example

Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.

提高光合作用效率可以增加作物产量。

C1 noun /pərˈkʌʃən/

percussion

打击乐器

Meaning

Musical instruments that are played by striking, shaking, or scraping, such as drums or cymbals.

Example

The percussion section added rhythm and energy to the orchestra.

打击乐部分为管弦乐队增添了节奏和能量。

C2 verb /pərˈlɔɪn/

purloin

偷窃

Meaning

to steal something, often in a sneaky or dishonest way

Example

He tried to purloin a book from the library without being noticed.

他试图从图书馆偷一本书，而没有被注意到。

A2 noun /piːs/

peace

和平

Meaning

a state of tranquility or quiet, freedom from disturbance

Example

They hope for peace in the region.

他们希望在该地区实现和平。

C2 noun /ˈpruːdəri/

prudery

Meaning

the behavior or attitude of people who are too easily shocked or offended by sexual matters

Example

His prudery often made others uncomfortable during open discussions.

C1 noun /poʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

polarity

极性

Meaning

the state of having two opposite or contradictory tendencies, opinions, or aspects

Example

The polarity between the two political parties is growing stronger.

两个政治党派之间的极性越来越强。

A2 preposition/conjunction/noun/adjective /plʌs/

plus

加/优势

Meaning

in addition to; a positive aspect or advantage

Example

She received an A plus on her exam.

她在考试中得了一个A plus。

C2 adjective /ˈpruːdɪʃ/

prudish

过于拘谨的

Meaning

having or revealing a tendency to be easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity

Example

She was too prudish to watch the movie with her friends.

她太拘谨了，不愿和朋友一起看电影。

B2 noun /ˈprɑsɪˌkjuːtər/

prosecutor

检察官

Meaning

a lawyer who represents the government in criminal cases

Example

The prosecutor argued that the defendant was guilty of the crime.

检察官辩称被告犯有罪。

B2 noun /pænˈdɛmɪk/

pandemic

大流行病

Meaning

An outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale.

Example

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the world dramatically.

COVID-19 大流行病极大地改变了世界。

B2 verb /paɪn/

pine

渴望

Meaning

to long intensely for something or someone; to suffer from longing

Example

He pined for his hometown after moving abroad.

他搬到国外后，非常想念他的家乡。

B2 adverb /pɪˈkju:.li.ə.li/

Peculiarly

以奇怪的方式; 以不寻常的方式

Meaning

in a strange or unusual way; in a manner that is distinctive or characteristic

Example

She dressed peculiarly for the formal dinner, wearing bright colors and unusual patterns.

她为正式晚宴穿着非常独特，穿着鲜艳的颜色和不寻常的图案。

B2 noun /ˈpærɪʃ/

parish

教区

Meaning

A local church community or the area served by a parish church.

Example

The parish gathered for Sunday service.

教区成员为周日的服务聚集在一起。

C2 verb /ˈpɒntɪfɪkeɪt/

pontificate

自负或武断地讲话或行动；担任教皇职务

Meaning

to speak or act in a pompous or dogmatic way; to officiate as a pontiff

Example

He pontificated on the importance of education for over an hour.

他在一个小时内讲述了教育的重要性。

B2 noun /ˈfoʊ.bi.ə/

Phobia

极度的恐惧; 厌恶

Meaning

an extreme or irrational fear of or aversion to something

Example

She has a phobia of spiders.

她有蜘蛛恐惧症。

B2 noun ˌprez.əˈveɪ.ʃən

preservation

保存

Meaning

The action of maintaining something in its original or existing state; protection from harm or damage.

Example

Proper preservation extends the lifespan of machinery.

适当的保存延长了机器的使用寿命。

B1 noun /ˈpɪ.ti/

Pity

同情; 怜悯;

Meaning

a feeling of sadness or sympathy for someone's misfortune; something that causes regret or disappointment

Example

I felt pity for the homeless man in the rain.

我对雨中无家可归的男人感到怜悯。

C1 adjective /pəˈleɪ.ʃəl/

palatial

宫殿般

Meaning

resembling a palace in being spacious and splendid

Example

They stayed in a palatial hotel during their vacation.

他们在度假时住在一间宫殿般的酒店里。

C2 noun /ˈpɛdənt/

pedant

书呆子

Meaning

A person who is excessively concerned with minor details or rules, often in a showy way.

Example

The professor was criticized as a pedant who focused too much on trivial details.

教授被批评为一个书呆子，他过于关注微不足道的细节。

C2 noun /ˈfaɪəl/

phial

小玻璃瓶

Meaning

a small glass container for liquids, especially medicines

Example

The doctor gave her a phial of medicine.

医生给了她一瓶药。

C2 noun /fɪˈlændərər/

philanderer

花花公子

Meaning

a man who habitually engages in casual romantic or sexual affairs

Example

The politician was exposed as a notorious philanderer.

这位政治家被揭露为一个臭名昭著的花花公子。

C2 noun /ˈpɒsi/

posse

帮派 / 朋友群

Meaning

A group of people, often friends or a group organized to support or enforce the law.

Example

He arrived at the party with his posse of friends.

他和他的朋友帮派一起到达了派对。

A2 noun /ˈprɪn.ses/

princess

公主

Meaning

a female royal family member, especially the daughter of a king or queen; a woman regarded as noble, cherished, or elegant

Example

The princess waved to the crowd from the palace balcony.

公主从皇宫的阳台向人群挥手。

C1 adjective /ˌsaɪkoʊsəˈmætɪk/

psychosomatic

心理生理的

Meaning

Relating to a physical illness or condition caused or aggravated by mental factors such as stress.

Example

Her stomach pain was diagnosed as psychosomatic, linked to stress.

她的胃痛被诊断为心理生理性疾病，与压力有关。

C1 adjective /ˈpʊʃi/

pushy

强迫的

Meaning

excessively assertive or aggressive, often annoyingly so

Example

The salesperson was too pushy, which drove customers away.

销售员太强迫了，导致顾客远离。

B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tɪ.klz/

particles

微粒

Meaning

Minute portions of matter.

Example

PM2.5 particles harm respiratory health.

PM2.5微粒危害呼吸健康。

C2 noun /pruːd/

prude

过于害羞的人

Meaning

A person who is easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity; someone overly modest.

Example

He was called a prude for blushing at the movie scenes.

因为在电影场景中脸红，他被称为过于害羞的人。

B2 noun /ˈpred.ə.ses.ər/

Predecessor

前任

Meaning

a person who held a job or office before the current holder; something that came before another thing

Example

The new manager learned from his predecessor's mistakes.

新经理从他的前任的错误中学习。

A1 noun /pəˈteɪ.toʊ/

Potato

土豆

Meaning

a round white vegetable with a brown or red skin that grows underground

Example

She boiled potatoes for dinner.

她煮了土豆做晚餐。

C2 noun /ˈpɛnjʊri/

penury

极端贫困

Meaning

extreme poverty or destitution

Example

He grew up in penury but became successful later in life.

他在极度贫困中长大，但后来在生活中成功。

B2 verb /pruːn/

prune

修剪

Meaning

to cut off unwanted parts of a plant or tree to help it grow better

Example

Gardeners prune the trees in spring to encourage growth.

园丁在春天修剪树木以促进生长。

C1 noun /prəˈvaɪzoʊ/

proviso

条件

Meaning

a condition or stipulation attached to an agreement

Example

He accepted the job offer with the proviso that he could work remotely twice a week.

他接受了工作邀请，前提是他每周可以远程工作两次。

C2 noun /fɪˈlæt.əl.i/

philately

邮票收藏学

Meaning

the collection and study of postage stamps

Example

Philately is a hobby enjoyed by people of all ages.

邮票收藏学是一项各年龄段人群都喜爱的爱好。

B2 adjective /prəˈdʌk.tɪv/

Productive

高效的

Meaning

efficient; yielding good results; fruitful

Example

Working from home has made me more productive than ever before.

在家工作让我比以往更高效。

A2 noun /ˈpɪərɪəd/

period

时期

Meaning

a length or portion of time

Example

The meeting will last for a period of two hours.

会议将持续两个小时的时间段。

C2 adjective /pʌɡˈneɪʃəs/

pugnacious

好斗的

Meaning

Having a quarrelsome or combative nature; eager to fight.

Example

His pugnacious attitude often got him into trouble.

他好斗的态度常常让他陷入麻烦。

B2 adjective /ˈplɛʒərəbl/

pleasurable

令人愉快的, 令人高兴的

Meaning

giving pleasure or enjoyment

Example

Reading a good book is a pleasurable activity.

读一本好书是一项令人愉快的活动。

B2 noun /fɪˈlɒs.ə.fi/

philosophy

哲学

Meaning

the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence

Example

Her philosophy emphasizes kindness and empathy.

她的哲学强调善良和同理心。

A2 verb /ˈpræktɪs/

practise

练习

Meaning

to do something repeatedly to improve skill; to work in a profession

Example

She practises piano for two hours daily.

她每天练习两个小时钢琴。

B1 noun /ˈproʊˌfaɪl/

profile

个人资料

Meaning

a description or representation of someone or something; an outline

Example

He updated his profile on the company website.

他更新了公司网站上的个人资料。

C2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsəri/

promissory

承诺的

Meaning

Containing or conveying a promise, especially in writing.

Example

He signed a promissory note to repay the loan.

他签署了还款承诺书。

A2 noun /pɒt/

Pot

锅

Meaning

a deep round container used for cooking food

Example

She put the vegetables in a large pot to make soup.

她把蔬菜放进一个大锅里做汤。

C1 noun ˈfeɪz.aʊt

phase-out

逐步淘汰

Meaning

A gradual reduction and eventual elimination of something.

Example

A phase-out of fossil fuels was agreed upon.

达成了逐步淘汰化石燃料的协议。

A2 verb /plænt/

plant

种植

Meaning

to put seeds or plants in the ground; to place something firmly

Example

She planted roses in her garden.

她在她的花园里种植了玫瑰。

C1 noun /prəˌlɪf.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

proliferation

增殖

Meaning

Rapid increase in the number or amount of something; rapid multiplication or growth.

Example

The proliferation of malware is a growing concern.

恶意软件的增殖是一个日益严重的问题。

B2 noun, adjective /ˌpəʊstˈɡrædʒuət/

postgraduate

研究生

Meaning

A student who has completed a first degree and is studying for a further degree.

Example

She is doing postgraduate research in physics.

她正在做物理学的研究生研究。

C2 adverb /ˈprɒksɪmətli/

proximately

附近

Meaning

In a near or close manner; nearly.

Example

The village lies proximately to the river.

村庄位于河流附近。

B2 adjective ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk

prehistoric

史前的, 在书面记录之前的时间

Meaning

Belonging to the time before written records.

Example

The prehistoric era was marked by the rise of early humans.

史前时代的特点是早期人类的崛起。

B2 adjective + noun ˈpraɪməri əbˈdʒektɪv

primary objective

主要目标

Meaning

The main goal or chief aim of an activity, project, or endeavor.

Example

The primary objective of the event was to promote recycling.

该活动的主要目标是推广回收。

C1 verb /ˌpoʊstˈdeɪt/

postdate

后置日期

Meaning

To assign a date later than the actual date to a document or event.

Example

She postdated the check to next month.

她把支票的日期改为下个月。

C1 noun /poʊˈɛt.ɪks/

poetics

诗学，诗歌理论

Meaning

the study or theory of poetry and its principles

Example

He wrote a book on poetics explaining the art of verse.

他写了一本关于诗学的书，解释了诗歌的艺术。

B1 noun /ˈpeɪvmənt/

pavement

人行道

Meaning

a hard paved surface such as a road or sidewalk; the act or result of paving

Example

She walked along the pavement to reach the bus stop.

她沿着人行道走到公交车站。

B2 noun /pərˈspek.tɪv/

Perspective

视角

Meaning

a particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view; the art of representing three-dimensional objects

Example

From his perspective, the decision was completely wrong.

从他的角度看，这个决定完全错误。

B2 adjective /ˈprɑːspərəs/

Prosperous

繁荣的; 兴旺的;

Meaning

successful in material terms; flourishing financially

Example

The company became very prosperous after launching their new product.

该公司在推出新产品后变得非常繁荣。

B2 adjective /prɪˈzentəbl/

Presentable

适合公众展示; 看起来体面

Meaning

neat and suitable for being seen in public; acceptable in appearance

Example

Make sure you look presentable for the job interview.

确保在面试中看起来像个体面的人。

C2 noun /ˌpæliˈeɪʃən/

palliation

缓解

Meaning

relief of symptoms without curing the underlying disease or problem

Example

Palliation is often the focus of care for terminally ill patients.

缓解通常是末期患者护理的主要重点。

C2 adjective /ˈpaɪbɔːld/

piebald

双色斑点

Meaning

having irregular patches of two colors, especially black and white

Example

The farmer owns a piebald horse with black and white spots.

农夫有一匹带有黑白斑点的双色马。

C1 adjective /prɪm/

prim

过于正式或合适

Meaning

stiffly formal and proper in appearance or behavior

Example

She looked prim in her neatly pressed dress.

她穿着精心熨烫的裙子看起来非常端庄。

B1 adjective /pərˈtɪk.jʊ.lər/

particular

特别

Meaning

specific or special; distinct from others

Example

He is very particular about his diet.

他对自己的饮食非常挑剔。

C2 adjective /ˈprɒvɪdənt/

provident

有远见的

Meaning

making or indicative of timely preparation for the future

Example

She was provident in saving money for her children’s education.

她为孩子们的教育储蓄，非常有远见。

C2 verb /poʊˈtɛnʃiˌeɪt/

potentiate

增强

Meaning

To increase the power, effect, or likelihood of something.

Example

Caffeine can potentiate the effects of some medicines.

咖啡因可以增强某些药物的效果。

B2 adjective /prɛsˈtɪdʒəs/

prestigious

有声望的

Meaning

having a high reputation; respected

Example

Harvard University is one of the most prestigious universities in the world.

哈佛大学是世界上最有声望的大学之一。

B2 noun /ˈpleɪsmənt/

placement

职位安排或分配

Meaning

the act of putting something or someone in a particular position or job

Example

The company arranged job placement for the graduates.

公司为毕业生安排了工作岗位。

C1 noun /ˌpæl.pɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Palpitation

由于激动或医学状况引起的明显快速、强烈或不规则的心跳

Meaning

a noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat due to agitation or medical condition

Example

She experienced palpitations before her job interview.

她在面试前感受到了心悸。

A2 noun /ˈpoʊɪt/

poet

诗人

Meaning

a person who writes poems

Example

The poet wrote about love and nature.

诗人写了关于爱情和自然的诗。

A2 noun,verb /pleɪn/

plane

平面; 飞机; 平滑

Meaning

a flat surface; an aircraft; to make smooth

Example

The carpenter used a tool to plane the wood.

木匠用工具来平整木材。

C2 adjective /ˈpʌdʒi/

pudgy

圆胖

Meaning

slightly fat or chubby in a way that is often cute

Example

The baby had pudgy cheeks that everyone adored.

这个宝宝有圆胖的脸颊，大家都很喜欢。

B2 noun /ˈpæn.ɪk/

Panic

恐慌

Meaning

sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety; a state of widespread fear and anxiety

Example

The fire alarm caused panic among the students.

火警铃声引起了学生们的恐慌。

B2 noun /ˈprəʊsesə/

processor

处理器

Meaning

a machine or device that processes something, especially a computer's central processing unit (CPU)

Example

The new laptop has a faster processor.

这台新笔记本电脑有一个更快的处理器。

C1 noun, verb /pliːt/

pleat

褶子

Meaning

a fold in fabric made by doubling the material back upon itself

Example

She added a pleat to the skirt for extra volume.

她在裙子上加了一个褶子，以增加更多的体积。

C1 noun /ˌpɪɡ.menˈteɪ.ʃən/

pigmentation

色素沉着

Meaning

The natural coloring of animal or plant tissue.

Example

Excessive rubbing can cause pigmentation issues.

过度摩擦可能会导致色素沉着问题。

C1 noun /ˌpɒl.iˈtek.nɪk/

polytechnic

理工学院

Meaning

an educational institution offering practical and technical courses

Example

She studied engineering at a well-known polytechnic in her city.

她在她所在城市的知名理工学院学习工程学。

C1 noun ˈprɒdʒ.ə.ni

progeny

后代, 子孙, 继承人

Meaning

A descendant or the descendants of a person, animal, or plant; offspring.

Example

The philosopher's teachings have influenced many generations of progeny.

哲学家的教义影响了许多代后代。

B2 verb /pəˈluːt/

pollute

污染

Meaning

to make air, water, or land dirty and harmful to people, animals, and plants

Example

Factories pollute the environment with toxic chemicals.

工厂用有毒化学品污染环境。

C1 adverb /ˈpiːs.miːl/

Piecemeal

逐步地; 一片一片地

Meaning

done or made gradually, one piece at a time; fragmentary; unsystematic

Example

The renovation was done piecemeal over several years due to budget constraints.

由于预算限制，翻新工作是在几年内逐步完成的。

B2 noun /ˌpʌɪ.əˈnɪr/

Pioneer

在新地区探索或定居的第一个人；开发新思想或方法的人

Meaning

a person who is among the first to explore or settle a new area; someone who develops new ideas or methods

Example

She was a pioneer in the field of computer science.

她是计算机科学领域的先驱。

C2 noun /ˌproʊɪˈbɪʃənɪst/

prohibitionist

禁酒主义者

Meaning

A person who supports or advocates prohibition, especially of alcohol.

Example

The prohibitionist campaigned against the sale of liquor in the town.

禁酒主义者在城里反对酒类销售的运动。

C1 noun /ˈpriː.tekst/

Pretext

借口

Meaning

a reason given in justification of a course of action that is not the real reason

Example

He used illness as a pretext to avoid the meeting.

他用生病作为借口来避开会议。

C1 verb /pərˈplɛks/

perplex

困惑 / 迷惑

Meaning

To confuse or puzzle someone.

Example

The complex instructions perplexed the students.

复杂的指示使学生感到困惑。

B2 noun /prəˈtɛktər/

protector

保护者

Meaning

a person or thing that protects someone or something

Example

The dog was seen as the family's protector.

这只狗被视为家庭的保护者。

B1 noun /pɑːm/

Palm

棕榈树

Meaning

a tropical tree with fan-shaped leaves; fruit of the palm tree

Example

The palm tree produces sweet fruit that we enjoy eating.

棕榈树生产我们喜欢吃的甜水果。

B2 adjective /prəˈfaʊnd/

profound

深远

Meaning

Very great or intense; having deep insight or understanding.

Example

The speech had a profound impact on the audience.

演讲对听众产生了深远的影响。

C1 noun ˈpɜː.mə.kʌl.tʃər

permaculture

永续农业

Meaning

The development of agricultural ecosystems intended to be sustainable and self-sufficient.

Example

Permaculture promotes self-sufficient farming systems.

永续农业促进自给自足的农业系统。

B2 adjective /ˈprɛsɪŋ/

pressing

紧急

Meaning

Requiring immediate attention or urgent action.

Example

The manager had to deal with several pressing issues at once.

经理必须同时处理几个紧急问题。

C1 verb /praʊl/

prowl

悄悄走动（猎取或寻找）

Meaning

To move around quietly and secretly, especially while hunting or searching.

Example

The cat prowled around the garden at night.

猫在夜间悄悄地绕着花园走。

C2 noun prəˈklɪv.ə.ti

proclivity

倾向

Meaning

A tendency to choose or do something regularly; an inclination or predisposition toward a particular thing.

Example

She has a proclivity for learning new languages.

她有学习新语言的倾向。

C1 noun /ˈpæl.ət/

Palate

上腭; 区分不同味道的能力

Meaning

the roof of the mouth; a person's ability to distinguish between different flavors

Example

The chef created dishes to please every palate.

厨师创造了让每个味蕾都满足的菜肴。

B2 noun /ˈpɒp.i/

Poppy

罂粟

Meaning

a bright red flower with black seeds, often used as a symbol of remembrance

Example

The red poppy bloomed beautifully in the garden.

红色的罂粟花在花园里美丽地绽放。

C1 noun /ˈpɛs.tɪ.saɪd ˈrɛz.ɪ.djuː/

pesticide-residue

农药残留

Meaning

Chemical remnants left over from pesticides used on crops or in soil.

Example

Excess pesticide-residue in food can be harmful to health.

食物中的农药残留过多可能对健康有害。

C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

来源

Meaning

The origin or source of something.

Example

The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.

博物馆验证了古代手稿的出处。

C1 verb /prəˈkjʊər/

procure

采购

Meaning

to obtain something, especially with effort or difficulty

Example

They managed to procure enough supplies for the expedition.

他们设法为远征筹集到足够的物资。

C1 noun /ˈpeɪ.ɡən/

Pagan

异教徒

Meaning

a person holding religious beliefs other than the main world religions; a heathen

Example

Ancient Romans considered early Christians to be pagans.

古罗马人认为早期基督徒是异教徒。

C1 verb /pəˈveɪd/

pervade

弥漫

Meaning

to spread through and be present in every part of something

Example

The smell of fresh flowers pervaded the entire room.

新鲜花香弥漫整个房间。

B1 verb /prəˈpoʊz/

propose

提议

Meaning

to suggest an idea or plan for consideration; to ask someone to marry you

Example

I propose we take a short break.

我提议我们休息一下。

B1 adjective /ˈprɛɡnənt/

pregnant

怀孕的; 有意义的

Meaning

having a child developing in the womb; also, full of meaning or significance

Example

She announced that she was three months pregnant.

她宣布她怀孕三个月了。

C1 noun /ˈpæn.θi.ən/

pantheon

所有神明，献给所有神明的庙宇

Meaning

All the gods of a religion collectively; a building dedicated to all gods.

Example

The Roman Pantheon is one of the best-preserved ancient temples.

罗马的万神殿是最完好保存的古代神庙之一。

C1 adjective /ˈper.ɪ.ləs/

perilous

危险的, 危险的, 不安全的

Meaning

Full of danger or risk; hazardous and threatening.

Example

The explorers took a perilous journey.

探险家们进行了危险的旅行。

C2 noun /ˈpɪkəloʊ/

piccolo

小长笛

Meaning

a small flute, higher in pitch than the regular flute

Example

She played a lively tune on the piccolo during the concert.

她在音乐会期间吹奏了生动的皮科洛旋律。

B2 noun ˈpærəˌlɛlz

parallels

相似之处

Meaning

Similarities or comparisons between two different things or situations

Example

There are parallels between Japan's aging issues and Bangladesh's situation.

日本的老龄化问题和孟加拉国的情况之间存在相似之处。

C1 adjective /ˈpaɪ.əs/

Pious

虔诚的

Meaning

devoutly religious; showing reverence for God

Example

The pious monk spent hours in prayer every day.

这位虔诚的僧侣每天花费数小时祈祷。

C1 verb /pləˈkeɪt/

placate

安抚

Meaning

to make someone less angry or hostile; to calm or soothe

Example

He tried to placate the angry customer with a refund.

他试图通过退款安抚愤怒的客户。

B2 adjective /ˈplen.tɪ.fəl/

Plentiful

丰盛的; 大量的

Meaning

abundant; existing in large quantity

Example

The harvest was plentiful this year due to good weather.

今年由于良好的天气，收成非常丰盛。

B2 adverb /ˈpʌb.lɪk.li/

Publicly

公开地; 公然地;

Meaning

in a public manner; openly; for everyone to see or know

Example

The company publicly announced their new policy.

公司公开宣布了他们的新政策。

C2 noun /ˌfoʊ.nəˈlɑː.dʒi/

phonology

语音学

Meaning

the study of the sound system of a language

Example

She is studying phonology to understand how sounds function in English.

她正在研究语音学，以了解英语中声音的功能。

B1 verb /pɔːr/

pour

倒

Meaning

to flow or cause to flow in a steady stream; to rain heavily

Example

Please pour the water into the glass carefully.

请小心地把水倒入玻璃杯。

C2 verb /ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡ/

pettifog

争论琐碎的事情

Meaning

to argue or quibble over trivial matters; to engage in petty, dishonest practices

Example

The lawyer was accused of trying to pettifog instead of addressing the real issue.

律师被指控试图争论琐碎的事情，而不是解决真正的问题。

B1 adverb /prɪˈsaɪs.li/

precisely

精确地

Meaning

In an exact and accurate manner, with attention to detail.

Example

The robotic arm performed the operation precisely.

机器人手臂精确地完成了手术。

C2 noun /priːˈɛmɪnəns/

preeminence

卓越

Meaning

The fact of surpassing all others; superiority.

Example

The university has gained preeminence in medical research.

该大学在医学研究中已获得卓越地位。

B1 adverb /ˈprɒpərli/

properly

正确地

Meaning

in the correct or suitable manner

Example

He performed the task properly to avoid mistakes.

他为了避免错误，正确地完成了任务。

C1 verb /ˈpʌlseɪt/

pulsate

跳动

Meaning

to expand and contract rhythmically; to throb or beat

Example

The neon lights pulsated with a steady rhythm.

霓虹灯光以稳定的节奏跳动。

C1 noun proʊˈæktɪv ˈseɪvɪŋ

proactive saving

主动储蓄

Meaning

Actively planning and setting aside money in advance to prepare for future financial needs

Example

Proactive saving ensures financial stability in old age.

主动储蓄确保了老年时期的财务稳定。

C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

pertinent

paradox

悖论

Meaning

A seemingly contradictory statement or situation that may be true; an apparent inconsistency.

Example

The paradox of freedom is that it requires rules.

自由的悖论是它需要规则。

C1 verb /ˈpæmpər/

pamper

溺爱 / 宠爱

Meaning

to treat with excessive care and attention; to spoil

Example

Parents often pamper their first child.

父母常常溺爱他们的第一个孩子。

C2 verb /ˈpɜːrdʒər/

perjure

作伪证

Meaning

To knowingly tell a lie in a court of law after swearing to tell the truth.

Example

He was accused of trying to perjure himself during the trial.

他被指控在审判过程中试图作伪证。

B2 adjective /ˈpʌz.lɪŋ/

Puzzling

令人困惑的

Meaning

confusing; perplexing;

Example

The scientist found the results puzzling.

科学家发现的结果令人困惑。

B2 noun /prɪˈdɪk.ʃən/

Prediction

预测

Meaning

a statement about what will happen in the future; a forecast

Example

The weather prediction says it will rain tomorrow.

天气预测说明天会下雨。

C1 adjective /ˈpɛnɪtənt/

penitent

懊悔的

Meaning

Feeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.

Example

She was penitent after shouting at her friend.

她在对她的朋友大喊之后感到懊悔。

C2 verb /ˈprɑː.məl.ɡeɪt/

promulgate

发布

Meaning

To announce or make a law, decree, or idea officially known.

Example

The government promulgated new regulations on data privacy.

政府发布了关于数据隐私的新规定。