C2 verb /ɪˈreɪdieɪt/

irradiate

辐照

Meaning

to shine light on something; to expose to radiation; to illuminate or brighten

Example

The scientist used a lamp to irradiate the sample.

科学家用灯泡辐照了样本。

C2 noun /ɪˈrɛvərəns/

irreverence

不敬

Meaning

a lack of respect for people or things that are generally taken seriously

Example

His jokes about religion showed irreverence to the sacred traditions.

他关于宗教的笑话表现了对神圣传统的不敬。

C1 noun /ˌɪnækˈtɪvɪti/

inactivity

不活动

Meaning

the state of not being active physically or mentally; lack of action

Example

Prolonged inactivity can negatively affect both physical and mental health.

长期不活动会对身体和心理健康产生负面影响。

C1 adjective ˌɪm.pəˈsɛp.tɪ.bəl

imperceptible

无法察觉的

Meaning

So subtle or gradual that it is difficult to notice or perceive

Example

The changes in his behavior were imperceptible at first.

他行为中的变化一开始几乎是无法察觉的。

C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrstɪs/

interstice

缝隙

Meaning

a small space that lies between things

Example

Light filtered through the narrow interstices of the wall.

光线透过墙壁的狭窄缝隙照射进来。

B1 adjective /ˈɪnəsənt/

Innocent

无辜的; 纯洁的; 无害的

Meaning

free from guilt or sin; pure; harmless; naive

Example

The innocent child had no idea that her parents were planning a surprise party.

那个无辜的孩子不知道她的父母正在策划一个惊喜派对。

A2 adjective ˌɪn.təˈnæʃ.ən.əl

international

国际的

Meaning

Existing, occurring, or carried on between two or more nations and their citizens.

Example

International standards improve competitiveness.

国际标准提高竞争力。

A2 noun /ˈaɪtəm/

item

项目

Meaning

A single thing, object, or unit, often part of a list or collection.

Example

Each item on the list must be checked carefully.

列表中的每个项目必须仔细检查。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈkoʊətɪv/

inchoative

初步的

Meaning

relating to the beginning of something; in an initial stage

Example

The poet used inchoative expressions to depict the dawn of creation.

诗人使用了初步的表达方式来描绘创世之初。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrsənl/

impersonal

非个人化

Meaning

not influenced by, showing, or involving personal feelings; lacking human warmth or emotion

Example

The letter was written in a very impersonal style.

信件是以非常非个人化的风格写的。

C2 noun /ˌɪmprəˈsɑːrioʊ/

impresario

主办人

Meaning

A person who organizes or finances concerts, plays, or operas.

Example

The impresario arranged a series of concerts for the rising star.

这位印普雷萨里奥为崭露头角的明星安排了一系列的音乐会。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈækjərət/

Inaccurate

不正确; 错误的; 错误的

Meaning

not correct; containing errors; wrong

Example

The weather forecast was inaccurate yesterday.

昨天的天气预报不准确。

C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈkɒnsɪləbl/

irreconcilable

不可调和的

Meaning

impossible to make compatible or bring into harmony; unable to resolve differences

Example

The couple separated due to irreconcilable differences.

这对夫妇因不可调和的分歧而分开。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈveə.ri.ə.bəl/

Invariable

不变的；恒定的；始终相同的

Meaning

never changing; constant; always the same

Example

His invariable routine includes morning exercise and coffee.

他的恒定日常包括早晨锻炼和咖啡。

C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnəns/

impertinence

无礼

Meaning

lack of respect; rudeness

Example

The teacher was shocked by the student's impertinence.

老师对学生的无礼感到震惊。

C2 noun /ˌɪmpjuˈteɪʃən/

imputation

指控

Meaning

an accusation or attribution of blame

Example

The politician denied the imputation of corruption.

政治家否认了腐败的指控。

C1 noun /ˌɪnflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/

inflexibility

缺乏灵活性

Meaning

the quality of being rigid or unwilling to change; lack of adaptability

Example

The inflexibility of the rules caused unnecessary delays.

规则的缺乏灵活性导致了不必要的延误。

B2 noun ɪnˈfleɪʃən

inflation

通货膨胀

Meaning

A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

Example

Inflation erodes the purchasing power of consumers.

通货膨胀侵蚀了消费者的购买力。

C2 noun /ɪmp/

imp

小顽皮精灵

Meaning

a small mischievous devil or sprite; a playful troublemaker

Example

The child was acting like a little imp, hiding his toys everywhere.

那个孩子像一个小顽皮精灵，四处藏玩具。

C2 verb ˈɪn.kʌl.keɪt

inculcate

灌输

Meaning

Instill an attitude, idea, or habit by persistent instruction; to teach and impress by frequent repetitions.

Example

Parents should inculcate good values in their children.

父母应该灌输良好的价值观给孩子们。

C1 adverb ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪ.kli

intrinsically

内在地

Meaning

In a way that is naturally or inherently part of something's essential nature.

Example

Some people are intrinsically motivated to learn.

有些人内在地受到学习的激励。

B2 noun /ɪnˈspɛktər/

inspector

检查员

Meaning

An official employed to ensure regulations are obeyed or standards are met.

Example

The inspector carefully checked the restaurant's kitchen for hygiene standards.

检查员仔细检查了餐厅的厨房是否符合卫生标准。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈpɔːrtəbl̩/

insupportable

无法忍受的

Meaning

Too extreme or difficult to be endured.

Example

The heat was insupportable during the long journey.

长途旅行中，热度是无法忍受的。

B2 adjective /ɪˈmɒrəl/

immoral

不道德的

Meaning

Not conforming to accepted standards of morality; unethical or wicked.

Example

He was fired for his immoral behavior.

他因不道德的行为被解雇了。

C2 noun /ˈɪnsələns/

insolence

厚颜无耻

Meaning

rude or disrespectful behavior

Example

The teacher was shocked by the student's insolence.

老师对学生的厚颜无耻感到震惊。

C1 adverb /ɪnˈdɛfɪnətli/

indefinitely

无限期

Meaning

for an unlimited or unspecified period of time

Example

The project has been postponed indefinitely.

该项目已无限期推迟。

C2 verb /ɪmˈpeɪl/

impale

刺穿

Meaning

to pierce or fix something with a sharp object

Example

The knight was impaled by the enemy’s spear.

骑士被敌人的长矛刺穿。

B2 verb /ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt/

incorporate

合并

Meaning

to include something as part of a whole; to form a corporation

Example

The new design incorporates advanced technology.

新设计融合了先进技术。

C1 adjective /ɪˈmoʊbəl/

immobile

无法移动

Meaning

unable to move or be moved

Example

After the accident, he was immobile for weeks.

事故发生后，他几周都无法移动。

C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/

intension

内涵

Meaning

The internal content of a concept; the set of attributes implied by a word or phrase.

Example

The intension of the word 'dog' includes being a mammal and domesticated.

'狗'这个词的内涵包括是哺乳动物和被驯养。

B2 noun /ˈɪnˌsaɪt/

insight

洞察力

Meaning

The ability to understand the true nature of something; deep understanding.

Example

Her insight into human behavior made her a successful psychologist.

她对人类行为的洞察力使她成为一位成功的心理学家。

C1 noun /ɪˈmɜː.ʃən/

immersion

沉浸

Meaning

Complete engagement in an environment or experience.

Example

Immersion in VR games makes users feel like they are inside the virtual world.

沉浸在虚拟现实游戏中让用户感觉自己仿佛置身于虚拟世界。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpɪd/

insipid

乏味的

Meaning

lacking flavor, interest, or excitement; dull

Example

The soup was insipid and needed more seasoning.

汤无味，需要更多的调料。

C1 noun /ˈɪnkwest/

inquest

调查

Meaning

A legal or official inquiry, especially into the cause of a death.

Example

The inquest revealed the cause of the accident.

调查揭示了事故的原因。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnˈekspɜːrt/

inexpert

不熟练的

Meaning

not skilled or experienced; lacking expertise

Example

The inexpert handling of the machine caused several mistakes.

对机器的不熟练操作导致了多次错误。

C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈmiːdiəbl̩/

irremediable

无法修复的

Meaning

Impossible to cure, repair, or remedy.

Example

The damage to the ancient manuscript was irremediable.

古老手稿的损坏是无法修复的。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈsprɛsəbl/

inexpressible

难以言喻

Meaning

Too strong or extreme to be expressed in words.

Example

She felt inexpressible joy at the news of her success.

她得知自己成功的消息时感到难以言喻的喜悦。

C1 noun /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtəns/

incompetence

不称职

Meaning

Lack of ability, skill, or effectiveness in doing something.

Example

The project failed due to the manager’s incompetence.

由于经理的不称职，项目失败了。

B2 noun /ɪnˈfek.ʃən/

Infection

感染

Meaning

the process of infecting or the state of being infected; a disease caused by germs

Example

The doctor prescribed antibiotics to treat the bacterial infection in her throat.

医生开了抗生素来治疗她喉咙的细菌感染。

B2 adjective ˌɪn.təˈræk.tɪv

interactive

互动的

Meaning

Allowing a two-way flow of information between it and a user, responding to the user's input.

Example

Interactive learning keeps students engaged in lessons.

互动学习保持学生在课堂中的参与感。

C2 noun /ˌɪn.ɪˈbraɪ.ə.ti/

inebriety

醉酒

Meaning

the state of being drunk or intoxicated

Example

His frequent inebriety led to the loss of his job.

他的频繁醉酒导致了他失去工作。

C1 adjective /ɪˈnɒkjuəs/

innocuous

无害的

Meaning

Not harmful or offensive.

Example

His remark was completely innocuous and not meant to offend anyone.

他的评论完全无害，并且没有冒犯任何人的意思。

C1 noun /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

inconsistency

不一致

Meaning

The quality of being contradictory, irregular, or not staying the same.

Example

There is an inconsistency between his words and actions.

他的话语和行为之间存在不一致。

C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈlɒkjətər/

interlocutor

对话者

Meaning

a person who takes part in a conversation or dialogue

Example

She was a skilled interlocutor during the debate.

她在辩论中是一个熟练的对话者。

B2 noun /ɪnˈtɜː.prə.tər/

Interpreter

口译员; 翻译员;

Meaning

a person who translates orally from one language into another; someone who explains meaning

Example

The international conference hired professional interpreters to translate speeches in real time.

国际会议聘请了专业口译员来实时翻译演讲。

B2 verb /ɪnˈspekt/

inspect

检查

Meaning

to examine something carefully to check for problems or faults

Example

The engineer will inspect the building for structural damage.

工程师将检查建筑物的结构损坏。

C2 noun /ˌɪnkænˈteɪʃən/

incantation

咒语

Meaning

a series of words used as a magic spell or charm

Example

The wizard chanted an incantation to summon the spirits.

巫师念了一段咒语来召唤灵魂。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməbəl/

Inflammable

易燃; 可燃

Meaning

easily set on fire; flammable; combustible

Example

The inflammable material caught fire quickly.

易燃材料很快着火了。

B1 verb /ˌɪntərˈækt/

interact

互动

Meaning

to communicate or work together with someone or something

Example

Students interact with teachers during class discussions.

学生们在课堂讨论中与老师互动。

B1 noun ɪnˈven.ʃən

invention

发明

Meaning

The action of inventing something, typically a process or device.

Example

The invention revolutionized communication.

这个发明彻底改变了通信。

B2 adjective /ˈɪnˌsaɪtfəl/

insightful

有洞察力的

Meaning

Showing deep understanding or perceptiveness.

Example

The professor gave an insightful lecture on global economics.

教授就全球经济进行了有洞察力的讲座。

C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrmənt/

interment

埋葬

Meaning

The act of burying a dead body in a grave or tomb.

Example

The interment took place at the family cemetery.

埋葬仪式在家庭墓地举行。

C1 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Indecision

优柔寡断; 怀疑; 犹豫不决

Meaning

the inability to make decisions quickly; uncertainty about what to do

Example

Her indecision about which job offer to accept caused her to miss both opportunities.

她对接受哪个工作机会的犹豫导致她错过了两个机会。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛnsɪv/

intensive

强化

Meaning

Involving a lot of effort, energy, or concentration in a short period of time.

Example

She attended an intensive English course before moving abroad.

她在出国之前参加了一个强化的英语课程。

C1 adverb /ɪnˈvɜːrs.li/

Inversely

反向地; 相反地

Meaning

in a way that is opposite or contrary; in reverse order or manner

Example

The price of goods is inversely related to their availability in the market.

商品的价格与其在市场上的可得性成反比。

C2 verb /ɪnˈfætʃueɪt/

infatuate

迷恋

Meaning

to inspire with an intense but short-lived passion or admiration

Example

He was infatuated with her beauty.

他被她的美貌迷住了。

C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

冒充他人

Meaning

The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.

Example

Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.

网络冒充他人是一种严重的网络犯罪。

C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪm.ɪ.tə.bəl/

inimitable

无可比拟

Meaning

So good or unusual as to be impossible to copy; unique.

Example

His inimitable writing style made him a literary legend.

他那无可比拟的写作风格使他成为了文学传奇。

C2 noun /ˈaɪ.səˌbɑːr/

isobar

等压线

Meaning

A line on a weather map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure.

Example

The meteorologist explained how isobars indicate wind speed and direction.

气象学家解释了等压线如何指示风速和风向。

C1 noun /ˌɪntəkəˈnɛktɪvɪti/

interconnectivity

互联互通

Meaning

The state of being interconnected or the degree of connectivity between components

Example

The rise of interconnectivity has transformed global communication.

互联互通的兴起已经改变了全球通信。

C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈniːsaɪn/

internecine

内部冲突

Meaning

Relating to conflict within a group, often causing mutual destruction.

Example

The internecine conflict weakened the organization from within.

内部冲突削弱了组织内部的力量

C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪstənt/

insistent

坚持的

Meaning

demanding something firmly and refusing to accept no

Example

The child was insistent on getting a new toy.

孩子坚持要得到一个新玩具。

C1 noun /ˈɪnflʌks/

influx

涌入

Meaning

A large arrival or flow of people or things.

Example

The city experienced an influx of tourists during the festival.

这座城市在节日期间经历了大量游客的涌入。

B1 noun /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənz/

instructions

指示

Meaning

Detailed information on how something should be done or operated.

Example

Please follow the instructions on the box.

请按照盒子上的指示操作。

B2 adjective /ˈaɪ.dəl/

Idle

懒惰的; 不活跃的; 没有工作的

Meaning

lazy; inactive; not working or being used

Example

The factory workers were idle during the strike.

工厂工人在罢工期间闲置。

B2 adjective/noun /ɪˈrɑːki/

iraqi

伊拉克的

Meaning

relating to Iraq or its people

Example

The Iraqi culture is rich and diverse.

伊拉克的文化丰富多样。

C2 verb /ɪnˈveɪ/

inveigh

严厉批评

Meaning

To speak or write about something with great hostility and criticism.

Example

He inveighed against the corruption in government.

他严厉批评了政府中的腐败。

B2 noun, verb /ɪntʃ/

inch

英寸 / 缓慢移动

Meaning

A unit of length equal to 2.54 centimeters; or to move slowly and carefully in small amounts.

Example

She inched closer to the edge of the stage.

她慢慢靠近舞台的边缘。

C2 adverb /ˌɪnəzˈmʌtʃ/

inasmuch

鉴于

Meaning

To the extent that; considering that.

Example

Inasmuch as you are their teacher, you should guide them carefully.

鉴于你是他们的老师，你应该小心地指导他们。

C1 adjective /ɪˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

Illogical

不合逻辑的

Meaning

not reasonable or sensible; lacking logic

Example

It would be illogical to go swimming in such cold weather.

在这么冷的天气下游泳是不合逻辑的。

A2 adjective/noun /ˈaɪrɪʃ/

irish

幸福

Meaning

relating to Ireland, its people, or its language

Example

The Irish countryside is very beautiful.

当她收到奖项时，她无法隐藏自己的幸福。

A2 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈdʌk.ʃən/

introduction

引言

Meaning

the action of introducing something or someone; an opening or beginning part

Example

The professor gave a brief introduction before starting the lecture.

教授在开始讲座之前做了简短的引言。

C1 noun /aɪl/

isle

小岛

Meaning

A small island or peninsula, often poetic or literary.

Example

They spent their honeymoon on a beautiful tropical isle.

他们在一个美丽的热带小岛上度过了他们的蜜月。

B1 noun /ɪnˈvɛstər/

investor

投资者

Meaning

a person or organization that puts money into financial schemes, property, or business ventures with the expectation of achieving a profit

Example

The investor funded the startup with a large sum of money.

投资者用一大笔钱资助了这家初创公司。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈviːniənt/

Inconvenient

不便的; 难堪的; 麻烦的

Meaning

causing trouble, difficulties, or discomfort; awkward; troublesome

Example

The broken elevator made it inconvenient to reach the top floor.

坏掉的电梯使得到达顶楼变得不方便。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtrɛpɪd/

intrepid

无畏

Meaning

fearless and adventurous, often used humorously

Example

The intrepid traveler explored the jungle alone.

那个无畏的旅行者独自探险了丛林。

C1 noun ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

inefficiency

低效率

Meaning

The state or quality of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.

Example

Government inefficiency leads to slow project completion.

政府低效率导致项目完成缓慢。

C2 verb ˈɪnʌndeɪt

inundate

淹没, 用事情或人淹没某人或某物

Meaning

To flood; overwhelm someone or something with things or people to be dealt with

Example

The company was inundated with requests after the advertisement.

广告后，公司被大量请求淹没。

C2 noun /ɪˈnɪkwɪti/

iniquity

不公

Meaning

Immoral or grossly unfair behavior.

Example

The dictator's regime was marked by corruption and iniquity.

独裁者的政权因腐败和不公而闻名。

C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl/

irreversible

不可逆的

Meaning

Not able to be undone, changed, or reversed.

Example

The damage caused by the fire was irreversible.

火灾造成的损失是不可逆的。

C1 verb /ɪnˈsaɪt/

incite

煽动

Meaning

to provoke; to stir up

Example

His speech incited the crowd to violence.

他的演讲激起了人群的暴力。

C1 adjective /ˈɪnfəməs/

infamous

臭名昭著

Meaning

well known for some bad quality or deed

Example

The dictator was infamous for his cruelty.

这位独裁者因其残忍而臭名昭著。

C1 adjective, noun /ˈɪnvəlɪd/ (adjective), /ɪnˈvælɪd/ (noun)

invalid

无效的

Meaning

Not valid; having no force or effect. Also refers to a person too weak or ill to care for themselves.

Example

The court declared the contract invalid.

法院宣布合同无效。

Meaning

freedom from punishment or harmful consequences for an action

Example

The dictator ruled with impunity, ignoring international laws.

B2 noun /ɪmˈpɒlɪtnəs/

impoliteness

不礼貌

Meaning

lack of good manners or courtesy; rude behavior

Example

His impoliteness towards the guests shocked everyone.

他对客人的不礼貌让所有人都感到震惊。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈprɒbəbl/

improbable

不太可能的

Meaning

Not likely to be true or to happen.

Example

It seems improbable that he will arrive on time.

看起来他准时到达的可能性很小。

C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜːməri/

infirmary

医务室

Meaning

A hospital or place where the sick or injured are cared for.

Example

The school had an infirmary for minor injuries.

学校为轻微受伤提供了医务室。

Meaning

To charge a public official with misconduct while in office.

Example

The parliament voted to impeach the president.

B2 adjective /aɪˈdentɪkəl/

Identical

相同的; 完全一样的

Meaning

exactly the same; not different in any way

Example

The twins look completely identical to each other.

这对双胞胎看起来完全一样。

B2 noun ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪ.ʃən

inflammation

炎症

Meaning

A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful.

Example

Chronic inflammation can lead to severe diseases.

慢性炎症可能导致严重的疾病。

B1 adjective /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/

impolite

不礼貌

Meaning

Not showing good manners; rude.

Example

It is impolite to interrupt someone while they are speaking.

打断别人说话是不礼貌的。

C2 noun /ɪmˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Impiety

亵渎

Meaning

lack of piety or reverence, especially for a god; disrespect or irreverence toward religious matters

Example

His impiety shocked the religious community when he mocked their sacred ceremonies.

他的不敬让宗教团体震惊，当他嘲笑他们的神圣仪式时。

C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈfrændʒɪbəl/

irrefrangible

不可侵犯的

Meaning

Not to be broken, violated, or infringed

Example

The constitution guarantees certain irrefrangible rights to every citizen.

宪法保证每个公民享有某些不可侵犯的权利。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtændʒəbl/

intangible

无形的

Meaning

Unable to be touched or grasped; not having a physical presence.

Example

Trust is an intangible quality in relationships.

信任是关系中一种无形的品质。

C2 conjunction /ˌɪnəzˈmʌtʃ æz/

inasmuch-as

因为

Meaning

Because; since.

Example

He cannot attend, inasmuch as he is unwell.

他不能参加，因为他生病了。

C1 verb /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪt/

instigate

挑拨

Meaning

To bring about or initiate an action, often something negative.

Example

He was accused of instigating the riot.

他被指控挑起暴乱。

C2 noun /ˈɪrɪtənsi/

irritancy

恼怒

Meaning

the quality or state of causing irritation; legal or formal invalidation

Example

The constant noise became an irritancy to the neighbors.

持续的噪音成为邻居的恼怒源。

A2 noun/verb /ˈɪntrəst/ or /ˈɪntəˌrɛst/

interest

兴趣 / 利息

Meaning

A feeling of curiosity or concern about something; or money paid for the use of borrowed money.

Example

He showed great interest in learning new languages.

他对学习新语言表现出极大的兴趣。