C1 adverb /ˈfɪksɪdli/

Fixedly

专心地

Meaning

in a steady, unmoving manner; with intense concentration

Example

He stared fixedly at the painting.

他专心地盯着画作。

C2 adjective /ˈflaɪti/

flighty

不稳定

Meaning

unstable, impulsive, or easily distracted; lacking seriousness or stability

Example

She’s too flighty to stick with one job for long.

她太不稳定了，无法在一份工作上呆太长时间。

C1 noun /ˈflæt.ər.i/

Flattery

恭维

Meaning

excessive and insincere praise, given especially to further one's own interests

Example

His constant flattery made everyone suspicious of his true motives.

他不断的恭维使大家怀疑他的真实动机。

A2 noun/adjective /ˈfiːmeɪl/

female

雌性

Meaning

a person or animal of the sex that can bear offspring; relating to women or girls

Example

The female lion protects her cubs fiercely.

母狮保护她的幼崽。

C1 noun /fəˈtæləti/

fatality

致命事故

Meaning

An occurrence of death by accident, disaster, or violence.

Example

The accident resulted in one fatality.

这场事故导致了一人死亡。

A2 noun /ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər/

furniture

家具

Meaning

Objects such as chairs, tables, beds, or cupboards used to make a room suitable for living or working.

Example

The living room was filled with beautiful wooden furniture.

客厅里摆满了美丽的木制家具。

A2 adjective /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

flying

飞行的

Meaning

able to move through the air; related to flight or aircraft

Example

The flying bird disappeared into the clouds.

那只飞行的鸟消失在云中。

C1 noun /ˈfoʊliɪdʒ/

foliage

树叶

Meaning

The leaves of a plant, collectively.

Example

The autumn foliage looked stunning in the park.

秋天的树叶在公园里看起来很惊艳。

C2 adjective /ˈfrəʊərd/

froward

固执的

Meaning

Difficult to deal with; contrary and disobedient.

Example

The teacher found the froward child hard to manage.

老师发现固执的孩子很难管理。

A2 noun, verb /fɔːrm/

form

形状 / 表格

Meaning

the shape or structure of something; to bring something into existence

Example

Students filled out the registration form.

学生填写了注册表格。

B1 adjective /fɒnd/

fond

喜爱

Meaning

having a strong liking or affection for something or someone

Example

She is fond of painting and spends hours in front of her canvas.

她非常喜爱画画，并且在画布前面花费了几个小时。

C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌfɑːðər/

forefather

祖先

Meaning

an ancestor, especially one who was part of an earlier generation of a family or nation

Example

Our forefathers fought for independence.

我们的祖先为独立而战斗。

C1 verb /flɪntʃ/

flinch

退缩

Meaning

to suddenly move back or away due to fear or pain

Example

He didn’t flinch when the doctor gave him the injection.

他在医生给他打针时没有退缩。

B1 adverb /ˈfeər.li/

Fairly

公正地; 适度地; 合理地

Meaning

in a just manner; moderately; reasonably

Example

The test was fairly easy, but some questions were challenging.

测试相当简单，但一些问题具有挑战性。

C1 verb /ˈfɪdʒɪt/

fidget

坐立不安，焦虑不安

Meaning

to make small movements, especially because of nervousness or impatience

Example

The child began to fidget during the long lecture.

孩子在漫长的讲座中开始不停地动。

B1 noun, verb /ˈfaɪ.næns/ or /fəˈnæns/

finance

金融

Meaning

the management of money and investments, or to provide funds for something

Example

The company secured finance from a major bank.

公司从一家大银行获得了融资。

C1 verb, noun /ˈflʌstər/

fluster

使困惑

Meaning

to make someone agitated or confused

Example

The unexpected question flustered him.

这个意外的问题让他感到困惑。

B2 noun /ˈfɔːr.hed/

Forehead

额头

Meaning

the part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline

Example

He wiped the sweat from his forehead.

他擦掉了额头上的汗水。

C1 adjective /ˌfʊl ˈbɒd.id/

full-bodied

口感浓烈

Meaning

Having a strong, rich, and robust quality, especially of wine, coffee, or voice.

Example

He prefers a full-bodied red wine with his dinner.

他喜欢与晚餐搭配的口感浓烈的红酒。

C2 noun /fækˈsɪmɪli/

facsimile

传真副本

Meaning

an exact copy or reproduction of a document

Example

He sent a facsimile of the contract to the client.

他把合同的传真副本发送给了客户。

C2 adjective /ˈfʌŋɡəs/

fungous

像真菌一样

Meaning

relating to or resembling a fungus

Example

The damp basement had a fungous smell.

潮湿的地下室有一种像真菌一样的气味。

C2 adjective /ˈfɒksi/

foxy

狡猾

Meaning

Clever, cunning, or attractive.

Example

He came up with a foxy plan to win the game.

他想出了一个狡猾的计划来赢得比赛。

C2 noun /ˈfrɛʃɪt/

freshet

突然的河流泛滥

Meaning

A sudden overflow of a stream or river caused by heavy rain or melting snow.

Example

After the storm, the river turned into a raging freshet.

暴风雨过后，河流变成了猛烈的freshet。

B2 noun /fleɪm/

Flame

火焰

Meaning

a hot glowing body of ignited gas that is generated by something on fire

Example

The candle flame flickered gently in the evening breeze.

蜡烛的火焰在晚风中微微闪烁。

B1 noun /ˈfaɪn.dɪŋ/

finding

发现，经过调查后得出的结论或结果

Meaning

a discovery, conclusion, or result reached after investigation

Example

The scientist published her findings in a leading journal.

科学家在一家领先的期刊上发布了她的发现。

A1 noun /fuːd/

food

食物

Meaning

any nutritious substance that people or animals eat or drink to maintain life and growth

Example

Rice is a common food in Asia.

米饭是亚洲常见的食物。

B2 adjective /fɪərs/

Fierce

猛烈的; 好斗的; 展示强烈情感或决心的

Meaning

violent; aggressive; showing strong feeling or determination

Example

The fierce storm destroyed many houses in the village.

猛烈的风暴摧毁了村里许多房屋。

B2 adjective /ˈflɔː.ləs/

Flawless

完美的; 无缺陷

Meaning

perfect; without any defects or faults; immaculate

Example

Her flawless performance earned her a standing ovation.

她完美的表现为她赢得了全场起立的掌声。

C1 noun /ˈfɔːr.tɪ.tjuːd/

fortitude

坚韧

Meaning

Courage in pain or adversity; mental and emotional strength in facing difficulty.

Example

She faced adversity with great fortitude.

她以巨大的勇气面对困境。

C1 adjective /ˈfruː.ɡəl/

Frugal

节俭; 经济

Meaning

economical; thrifty;

Example

She is very frugal and saves money by buying only necessary items.

她非常节俭，通过只购买必要的物品来节省钱。

A2 adjective /fɔːls/

False

虚假; 错误; 欺骗性; 人造

Meaning

not true; incorrect; deceptive; artificial

Example

The witness gave false testimony in court.

证人给出了虚假的证词。

B2 noun /ˈfreʃmən/

freshman

大一新生

Meaning

a first-year student at a high school, college, or university

Example

The freshman felt nervous on his first day at university.

大一新生在大学的第一天感到紧张。

C1 adjective /ˈfɛrəl/

feral

野生的

Meaning

existing in a wild or untamed state; not domesticated

Example

The feral cat roamed the streets at night.

那只野猫在晚上游荡在街头。

C1 noun /foʊ/

foe

敌人

Meaning

an enemy or opponent

Example

The knight fought bravely against his foe.

骑士勇敢地与他的敌人作战。

C1 adjective /fəˈroʊ.ʃəs/

Ferocious

凶猛，残忍，激烈

Meaning

savagely fierce, cruel, or violent; extremely aggressive

Example

The ferocious storm destroyed many houses in the coastal area.

凶猛的暴风摧毁了沿海地区的许多房屋。

A1 adjective /fɜːrst/

first

第一

Meaning

coming before all others in time, order, or importance

Example

She was the first to arrive at the meeting.

她是第一个到达会议的人。

A2 verb /fɪl/

fill

填充

Meaning

to make or become full; to put something into a container until it is full

Example

Please fill the glass with water.

请把玻璃杯装满水。

A2 number /ˈfɪfti/

fifty

五十

Meaning

the number 50

Example

The stadium can hold fifty thousand people.

体育场可以容纳五万人。

B2 noun /ˈfeð.ər/

Feather

鸟羽毛

Meaning

one of the light structures that cover a bird's body

Example

The peacock has beautiful colorful feathers.

孔雀有美丽的五彩斑斓的羽毛。

C1 noun ˈfæl.ə.si

fallacy

谬误, 错误的信念, 错误推理

Meaning

False belief, misconception, false reasoning.

Example

The idea that success comes easy is a fallacy.

成功容易到来的这个想法是一个谬误。

B2 noun /ˈfriːˌlænsər/

freelancer

自由职业者

Meaning

A person who works independently without being permanently employed by one organization.

Example

She works as a freelancer designing websites for different clients.

她作为自由职业者为不同的客户设计网站。

C1 adjective /ˈfiːlaɪn/

feline

猫的特征

Meaning

relating to or characteristic of cats

Example

Her movements were graceful and almost feline in their elegance.

她的动作优雅，几乎像猫一样。

C2 noun /ˈflæɡ ˌɒfɪsər/

flag-officer

旗官

Meaning

a senior naval officer entitled to fly a flag to mark the command

Example

The flag-officer reviewed the fleet before the ceremony.

旗官在仪式前检查了舰队。

C2 noun /ˈfɔːrˌseɪl/

foresail

前帆

Meaning

The principal sail set on the foremast of a sailing vessel.

Example

The crew adjusted the foresail to catch the wind.

船员调整了前帆来迎接风。

C2 verb /flɛdʒ/

fledge

飞翔

Meaning

To develop wing feathers large enough for flight; to bring up until able to fly.

Example

The young birds will fledge in a few weeks.

年轻的鸟将在几周内学会飞行。

B1 noun /ˌfɜːrst ˈeɪd/

first aid

急救

Meaning

Immediate assistance given to a sick or injured person until full medical treatment is available

Example

He gave first aid to the injured cyclist before the ambulance arrived.

在救护车到来之前，他为受伤的自行车手进行了急救。

C1 noun /ˈfɔːr.teɪ/ or /fɔːrt/

forte

强项

Meaning

a strong ability or talent; something one does particularly well

Example

Cooking is definitely her forte.

做饭绝对是她的强项。

C1 adjective /ˈfɑːð.ər.ləs/

fatherless

没有父亲

Meaning

without a father

Example

The fatherless child relied on the support of his community.

这个没有父亲的孩子依赖于他社区的支持。

C1 noun /ˈfɛlən/

felon

罪犯

Meaning

a person who has committed a serious crime

Example

The felon was sentenced to ten years in prison.

罪犯被判处十年监禁。

B2 adverb /ˈfɜ:rmli/

Firmly

坚决

Meaning

in a strong, steady, and unwavering manner

Example

She firmly believed in her decision.

她坚信自己的决定。

B2 adjective /ˈfɛmənɪn/

feminine

女性的

Meaning

having qualities traditionally associated with women; feminine in nature

Example

She has a very feminine style of dressing.

她有非常女性化的穿衣风格。

A1 adjective /ˈfʌn.i/

Funny

有趣的; 奇怪的; 好笑的;

Meaning

humorous; strange; amusing;

Example

He told a funny joke that made everyone laugh.

他讲了一个有趣的笑话，让大家都笑了。

A1 noun ˈflaʊərz

Flowers

花

Meaning

The reproductive structures of plants that provide nectar for butterflies.

Example

Butterflies are attracted to colorful flowers.

蝴蝶被五彩斑斓的花朵吸引。

A2 noun /flʌd/

Flood

洪水

Meaning

an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits

Example

The heavy rain caused a flood in the village.

暴雨导致村庄发生了洪水。

A2 noun /ˈfiːtʃər/

feature

特点

Meaning

a distinctive attribute or aspect of something; a characteristic

Example

The new phone has a unique camera feature.

新手机具有独特的相机特点。

C2 noun /foʊl fʊt/

Foal-foot

马蹄花

Meaning

a yellow flowering plant with leaves shaped like a horse's hoof, also known as coltsfoot

Example

The foal-foot plant grows wild in many meadows and is often the first flower to bloom in spring.

马蹄花在许多草地上野生生长，通常是春天最早开花的花。

B2 noun fəˈtiːɡ

fatigue

疲劳

Meaning

Physical or mental exhaustion due to prolonged exertion or mental stress

Example

Lack of sleep leads to extreme fatigue.

缺乏睡眠会导致极度疲劳。

B2 verb /fraʊn/

frown

皱眉

Meaning

to wrinkle one's brow in displeasure or concentration

Example

She frowned when she heard the bad news.

她听到坏消息时皱起了眉头。

C2 noun /foʊ ˈpɑː/

faux pas

社交失误

Meaning

a social blunder or mistake in etiquette

Example

He committed a major faux pas by forgetting her birthday.

他因为忘记她的生日而犯了一个大社交失误。

C1 noun /ˈfæs.ɪt/

facet

方面, 特点, 部分

Meaning

One of the many aspects or features of something; a particular part or element of something.

Example

Every facet of the project was carefully analyzed.

项目的每个方面都进行了仔细分析。

A2 noun ˈfɔːrɪsts

Forests

森林

Meaning

Large areas covered with trees and undergrowth, providing natural habitats for wildlife.

Example

Forests provide shelter and food for butterflies.

森林为蝴蝶提供庇护和食物。

B2 adverb /ˈfræŋkli/

Frankly

坦率地说; 直言不讳;

Meaning

honestly; openly; in a direct manner

Example

Frankly, I think this plan needs more consideration.

坦率地说，我认为这个计划需要更多的考虑。

C2 verb /fɔːrˈboʊd/

forebode

预示

Meaning

To predict or have a strong inner feeling of a future misfortune or evil.

Example

Dark clouds forebode a coming storm.

乌云预示着即将到来的风暴。

C1 verb ˈflʌk.tʃu.eɪt

fluctuate

波动

Meaning

To regularly increase or decrease.

Example

Stock prices fluctuate due to market conditions.

股价因市场条件而波动。

B2 noun /ˈfaɪ.bər/

fibre

纤维

Meaning

A thread or filament from which a vegetable tissue, mineral substance, or textile is formed; dietary material that aids digestion.

Example

Eating foods rich in fibre can improve your digestion.

食用富含纤维的食物可以改善消化。

C1 adjective /ˈfiːzəbl/

feasible

可行的

Meaning

possible to do easily or conveniently; practical and workable

Example

It is feasible to complete the project within two months.

在两个月内完成这个项目是可行的。

A2 adjective, noun /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

favorite

最喜欢的

Meaning

Preferred over all others; something or someone especially liked.

Example

Chocolate is my favorite ice cream flavor.

巧克力是我最喜欢的冰淇淋口味。

C1 noun ˌfræɡ.mənˈteɪ.ʃən

fragmentation

碎片化

Meaning

The process or state of breaking or being broken into fragments.

Example

Habitat fragmentation threatens many species.

栖息地的碎片化威胁着许多物种。

C1 noun /ˈfaɪərɑːm/

firearm

火器

Meaning

a weapon capable of firing a projectile using gunpowder or other propellant

Example

The police found a hidden firearm during the investigation.

警方在调查过程中发现了一支隐藏的火器。

A2 noun /frɒɡ/

Frog

青蛙

Meaning

a small amphibian animal that lives both in water and on land

Example

The frog jumped from the lily pad into the pond.

青蛙从睡莲叶上跳进池塘。

B1 adjective /ˈfæbjələs/

Fabulous

极好的；不可思议的；非凡的

Meaning

extremely good; wonderful; extraordinary

Example

She wore a fabulous dress to the party.

她穿了一件精彩的裙子去参加派对。

C1 adjective /ˈflaʊəri/

flowery

花哨的 / 装饰的

Meaning

Full of flowers or overly elaborate in style or language.

Example

She wrote a flowery letter filled with poetic phrases.

她写了一封充满诗意的花哨信。

C2 noun /ˈflɒtsəm/

flotsam

漂浮的残骸

Meaning

Floating debris from a shipwreck or things discarded and left floating.

Example

The beach was littered with flotsam after the storm.

暴风雨后，海滩上充满了漂浮的残骸。

C1 noun /ˌfɪɡjʊˈriːn/

figurine

小型装饰雕像

Meaning

a small ornamental statue or model of a human or animal

Example

She bought a porcelain figurine of a dancing ballerina.

她买了一尊舞蹈芭蕾舞者的瓷雕像。

C2 adjective /fəˈlɪsɪtəs/

felicitous

恰当的, 合适的或令人愉快的; 由好运或幸福标志

Meaning

well-chosen, appropriate, or pleasing; marked by good fortune or happiness

Example

She made a felicitous remark that lightened the mood.

她做了一个恰到好处的评论，使气氛轻松了。

B2 noun /ˈfʌndˌreɪzɪŋ/

fundraising

筹款活动

Meaning

the process of collecting money for a cause or project

Example

The organization is organizing a fundraising event.

该组织正在组织一个筹款活动。

A1 noun /ˈfɑːðər/

father

幸福

Meaning

A male parent of a child.

Example

His father taught him how to ride a bicycle.

她无法隐藏收到奖项时的快乐。

B2 noun /ˌfiː.ɑːnˈseɪ/

Fiance

未婚夫

Meaning

a man who is engaged to be married

Example

Sarah introduced her fiance to her parents during the family dinner.

莎拉在家庭聚餐时向父母介绍了她的未婚夫。

B1 verb /floʊt/

float

浮动

Meaning

to rest or move on the surface of a liquid or in the air without sinking

Example

The boat began to float gently down the river.

船开始轻轻漂浮在河面上。

A2 adverb/adjective/verb /ˈfɜːrðər/

further

促进

Meaning

At a greater distance; to advance or promote something.

Example

She studied hard to further her career.

她努力学习以推动自己的职业发展。

B2 adjective /ˈfraɪtfəl/

frightful

可怕的

Meaning

causing fear or horror; very unpleasant

Example

The hikers faced frightful weather conditions on the mountain.

登山者面临着山中可怕的天气条件。

B2 noun /fʌs/

Fuss

大惊小怪；无谓的烦恼

Meaning

unnecessary worry or bother about something; agitated excitement over a trivial matter

Example

She made such a fuss about the small stain on her dress that everyone noticed.

她因裙子上的小污点而大惊小怪，结果大家都注意到了。

B2 adjective /ˈfæktʃuəl/

Factual

基于事实的; 真实的

Meaning

based on facts; accurate; true

Example

The report contains only factual information.

报告仅包含事实性的信息。

A2 noun /fɑːrm/

farm

农场

Meaning

an area of land used for growing crops and raising animals

Example

They live on a farm with many animals.

他们住在一个有许多动物的农场。

B1 noun /ˈfɔːr.tʃən/

Fortune

运气; 财富; 命运

Meaning

chance or luck as an external, arbitrary force affecting human affairs; a large amount of money or assets

Example

He made his fortune by investing wisely in technology companies.

他通过明智地投资科技公司赚到了财富。

C2 adjective /fɪˈdjuːʃəl/

fiducial

信任的，作为参考标准的

Meaning

based on trust or confidence; serving as a standard of reference

Example

The fiducial point on the map ensures accurate measurements.

地图上的菲杜西亚尔点确保了精确的测量。

C1 noun /fruˈɪʃən/

fruition

实现

Meaning

The realization or fulfillment of a plan, project, or desire.

Example

Her dream of becoming a doctor finally came to fruition.

她成为医生的梦想终于实现了。

B2 noun /ˈfrɛʃnəs/

freshness

新鲜感

Meaning

The quality of being new, clean, and full of energy.

Example

The freshness of the morning air made everyone feel alive.

早晨的清新空气让每个人都感觉活力十足。

C1 noun fluˈɪd.ɪ.ti

fluidity

流动性

Meaning

The ability of a substance to flow easily; smooth and graceful movement or style.

Example

The fluidity of the dancer's movements was mesmerizing.

舞者动作的流动性令人着迷。

C1 noun /fɪkˈseɪ.ʃən/

fixation

固执的兴趣或对某事或某人的执念

Meaning

An obsessive interest in or feeling about someone or something.

Example

His fixation on perfectionism delayed project completion.

他对完美主义的固执导致项目完成的延迟。

C1 noun/verb /freɪ/

fray

争斗, 磨损

Meaning

As a noun, a fight or heated dispute; as a verb, to unravel or wear out through friction.

Example

He tried to stay calm, but his nerves began to fray during the argument.

他试图保持冷静，但在争论中他的神经开始磨损。

C1 verb /ˈflɪk.ər/

flicker

闪烁

Meaning

to shine unsteadily or waver between light and dark

Example

The candle flickered in the wind.

蜡烛在风中闪烁。

B2 noun ˈfjuː.tʃɚ ˌdʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃənz

future generations

未来几代人

Meaning

People who have not yet been born, considered in terms of the environment or society they will inherit.

Example

Sustainable development ensures a better life for future generations.

可持续发展确保未来几代人更好的生活。

C1 noun /ˈfʊtˌnoʊt/

foot-note

脚注

Meaning

A note of reference, explanation, or comment placed at the bottom of a page.

Example

The author included a foot-note to explain the historical context.

作者加入了一个脚注，以解释历史背景。

A2 noun/verb /fɛns/

fence

篱笆

Meaning

a barrier, usually made of wood or wire, that surrounds an area; to enclose with a barrier

Example

They built a fence around the garden.

他们在花园周围建了一道篱笆。

A1 adjective /fʊl/

full

满

Meaning

Containing as much or as many as possible; complete.

Example

The glass is full of water.

杯子里满是水。

C2 noun /ˈflɛkʃən/

flection

弯曲

Meaning

The act of bending or the state of being bent, especially of a limb or joint.

Example

The doctor tested the patient's knee flection during the examination.

医生在检查过程中测试了病人的膝盖弯曲。

C2 adjective fəˈleɪ.ʃəs

fallacious

虚假的

Meaning

Based on false reasoning or misleading arguments.

Example

His argument was based on fallacious reasoning.

他的论点是基于虚假的推理。

A2 noun ˈfriː.dəm

freedom

自由

Meaning

The power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.

Example

Freedom empowers self-expression.

自由促进自我表达。

B1 adverb /ˈfriːkwəntli/

Frequently

频繁; 定期; 多次

Meaning

often; regularly; many times

Example

She frequently visits her grandmother on weekends.

她在周末经常探望她的祖母。

B2 noun /ˈfɜː.tɪ.laɪ.zər/

fertilizer

肥料

Meaning

a substance added to soil to make plants grow more successfully

Example

Farmers use fertilizer to increase crop production.

农民使用肥料来提高作物产量。

A2 noun /faɪl/

File

锉刀

Meaning

a tool with a rough surface for smoothing or shaping hard materials; a collection of papers or data

Example

He used a metal file to smooth the rough edges.

他使用了一把金属锉刀来平滑粗糙的边缘。

C1 noun /fɪlθ/

filth

肮脏

Meaning

dirty or disgusting matter; moral corruption

Example

The streets were full of filth after the storm.

暴风雨后街道上满是肮脏。

Meaning

to lose or give up something, usually as a penalty for wrongdoing

Example

He had to forfeit the match after breaking the rules.

C2 noun /frɒnd/

frond

叶子

Meaning

A large, divided leaf of a fern, palm, or similar plant.

Example

The fern's frond stretched gracefully over the garden path.

蕨类植物的叶片优雅地伸展在花园小路上。

B1 noun /ˌfɜːrst eɪd kɪt/

first aid kit

急救箱

Meaning

A collection of medical supplies for giving initial treatment in emergencies

Example

I always keep a first aid kit in my car for emergencies.

我总是在车里备有急救箱以应对紧急情况。

C1 adjective ˈfɔːr.mɪ.də.bəl

formidable

强大的

Meaning

Inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense, or capable.

Example

The boxer was a formidable opponent in the ring.

那名拳击手是拳台上一个强大的对手。

B2 noun /ˈfeɪbəl/

fable

寓言

Meaning

a short story, typically featuring animals as characters, that conveys a moral lesson

Example

Aesop’s fables are famous for teaching valuable lessons through simple stories.

伊索的寓言通过简单的故事传授宝贵的教训。

C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌbɛərz/

forebears

祖先

Meaning

Ancestors or people in previous generations from whom one is descended.

Example

We must honor the traditions of our forebears.

我们必须尊重我们祖先的传统。

C2 noun /ˈfʌstɪən/

fustian

浮夸的演讲

Meaning

pompous or pretentious speech or writing; originally a type of thick cloth

Example

The politician's speech was filled with fustian and empty promises.

政治家的演讲充满了浮夸和空洞的承诺。