B2 verb /ˌdɪsəˈpruːv/

disapprove

不赞成

Meaning

to have a negative opinion about something; to consider something wrong or bad

Example

Many parents disapprove of smoking.

许多父母不赞成吸烟。

C2 verb /əˈkuːtə/

accoutre

装饰

Meaning

to dress or equip, especially in something impressive or elaborate

Example

The knight was accoutred in shining armor.

骑士穿着闪亮的盔甲。

C2 adjective /ˈɡlɑːbjələr/

globular

球形的

Meaning

Having the shape of a globe; spherical.

Example

The scientist studied the globular cluster of stars.

科学家研究了球状星团。

B2 adjective /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒd/

Privileged

特权的

Meaning

having special advantages; favored; elite

Example

She comes from a privileged background with many opportunities.

她来自一个有特权的背景，拥有许多机会。

C2 noun /ˈmɔːreɪz/

mores

风俗

Meaning

the essential or characteristic customs and conventions of a community

Example

Social mores often dictate how people behave in public.

社会风俗常常决定人们在公共场合的行为。

C1 noun /ˈniːdəlwɜːrk/

needlework

针线活, 刺绣

Meaning

The craft of sewing, embroidery, or knitting done with a needle.

Example

Her grandmother taught her the art of needlework.

她的祖母教她针线活的艺术。

B2 adjective /ˈkɒŋ.kriːt/

Concrete

坚固的；真实的；有形的；具体的

Meaning

solid; real; tangible; actual and specific

Example

We need concrete evidence to support our claims.

我们需要具体的证据来支持我们的主张。

C2 adjective /ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri/

valedictory

告别的

Meaning

Serving as a farewell or parting; relating to a valediction.

Example

He delivered a valedictory speech at the conference.

他在会议上做了告别演讲。

B1 verb /ˈberi/

bury

埋葬

Meaning

to put in the ground; to hide; to cover completely

Example

The dog buries its bone in the yard.

狗把它的骨头埋在院子里。

C1 noun /ˈnjuːtrɪənt dɪˈfɪʃənsi/

nutrient deficiency

营养不足

Meaning

A lack of essential nutrients required for healthy plant growth, which can result in poor crop development, reduced yields, and increased susceptibility to diseases.

Example

Nutrient deficiency in the soil can reduce crop productivity.

土壤中的营养不足会降低作物的生产力。

A2 noun /piːs/

peace

和平

Meaning

a state of tranquility or quiet, freedom from disturbance

Example

They hope for peace in the region.

他们希望在该地区实现和平。

B2 verb /ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/

struggling

挣扎

Meaning

Making forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction; having difficulty achieving something.

Example

Many regions are struggling with economic recovery.

许多地区在经济复苏中挣扎。

B2 noun /ˈpɪt.ʃər/

Pitcher

水壶, 大壶

Meaning

a large container with a handle and spout used for storing and pouring liquids

Example

The water pitcher on the table was filled with ice-cold lemonade.

桌子上的水壶里装满了冰冷的柠檬水。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsuːsiənt/

insouciant

无忧无虑

Meaning

Showing a casual lack of concern; carefree.

Example

He gave an insouciant shrug and walked away.

他无忧无虑地耸了耸肩，然后走开了。

B2 adverb /wɛərˈbaɪ/

whereby

通过

Meaning

by which; because of which

Example

The company agreed to a contract whereby it would pay the penalty.

公司同意了一份合同，通过它将支付罚款。

C2 noun /kəˈlɒsəs/

colossus

巨人

Meaning

A person or thing of enormous size, importance, or ability.

Example

Einstein was a colossus in the world of science.

爱因斯坦是科学界的巨人。

C2 adjective /ˈmɪn.ɪ.skjuːl/

miniscule

微小

Meaning

Extremely small or tiny.

Example

The error was so miniscule that nobody noticed it.

这个错误如此微小，以至于没人注意到它。

C2 adjective /mɜːrˈkjʊriəl/

mercurial

善变的

Meaning

subject to sudden or unpredictable changes of mood or mind.

Example

She is known for her mercurial temperament.

她以其善变的脾气而闻名。

A2 adverb /ˈriː.sənt.li/

Recently

insurmountable

不可逾越

Meaning

Too great to be overcome.

Example

The explorers faced insurmountable odds in the desert.

探险者在沙漠中面对着无法逾越的困难。

C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌtræk/

sidetrack

分心

Meaning

To distract from the main subject or activity.

Example

She was sidetracked by an unexpected phone call.

她被一个意外的电话打断了。

A1 verb /spend/

spend

花费

Meaning

to use money to buy something; to pass time

Example

I spend too much money on books.

我在书籍上花了太多钱。

A1 adjective/adverb /ˈoʊnli/

only

唯一

Meaning

without others; solely

Example

He is the only person who knows the secret.

他是唯一知道这个秘密的人。

B2 noun /brɑːnz/

bronze

铜

Meaning

a metal made by combining copper and tin, often used for statues and medals

Example

The statue was made of solid bronze.

这座雕像是由坚固的铜制成的。

C2 verb /ɪnˈsteɪt/

instate

任命

Meaning

To set up in position, office, or authority.

Example

The board decided to instate her as the new director.

董事会决定任命她为新任总监。

A2 noun /ˈkɒm.ent/

comment

Meaning

a verbal or written remark expressing an opinion or reaction

Example

She posted a kind comment on my photo.

她在我的照片下留言了一条友好的评论。

A2 adverb /ˈnaɪsli/

nicely

很好地

Meaning

in a pleasant, kind, or satisfactory manner; carefully and appropriately

Example

She explained the problem nicely so everyone could understand.

她把问题解释得很好，让大家都明白了。

B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

偏爱

Meaning

a greater liking for one alternative over another or others

Example

She has a preference for classical music over pop music.

她更喜欢古典音乐而不是流行音乐。

B2 adjective /nəˈtɔːriəs/

notorious

臭名昭著

Meaning

Famous or well-known for something bad or undesirable

Example

The area is notorious for its high crime rate.

该地区因其高犯罪率而臭名昭著。

C1 noun /ˈdeɪ.li.ə/

Dahlia

大丽花

Meaning

a garden plant with brightly colored flowers that bloom in summer and autumn

Example

She planted colorful dahlias in her garden last summer.

她在去年夏天在花园里种了五颜六色的大丽花。

C1 adjective /ˌmer.ɪˈtɔː.ri.əs/

Meritorious

值得表扬的

Meaning

deserving reward or praise; commendable; worthy of recognition

Example

His meritorious service to the community was recognized.

他对社区的值得表扬的服务得到了认可。

C1 noun /ˈstændˌstɪl/

standstill

停滞

Meaning

a situation in which all movement or activity stops

Example

The traffic came to a standstill after the accident.

事故发生后，交通陷入了停滞。

C2 noun /ˈɛpɪˌsaɪkl/

epicycle

外行星环

Meaning

a small circle whose center moves around the circumference of a larger one, used in ancient astronomy

Example

The concept of the epicycle was used to explain planetary motion.

外行星环的概念被用来解释行星的运动。

C1 adjective/verb /ˈsiːzənd/

seasoned

经验丰富的 / 加调料的

Meaning

Experienced in a particular activity; also, flavored with spices.

Example

She is a seasoned teacher with over 20 years of experience.

她是一位拥有超过20年经验的资深教师。

C1 adjective /ɪkˈstætɪk/

ecstatic

欣喜若狂

Meaning

Feeling or expressing overwhelming happiness or excitement.

Example

The fans were ecstatic after their team won the championship.

球迷在他们的球队赢得冠军后欣喜若狂。

C1 adjective /ˈmɪnəskjuːl/

minuscule

微小

Meaning

extremely small in size or importance

Example

She made only a minuscule contribution to the project.

她对这个项目的贡献微乎其微。

C1 adjective /ˈmjuːtɪd/

muted

柔和的

Meaning

softened in sound, color, or effect; subdued

Example

The room was painted in muted shades of blue and grey.

房间用蓝色和灰色的柔和色调粉刷。

B2 noun ˈɡrævɪti

gravity

重力

Meaning

The force that attracts a body toward the center of the earth, or toward any other physical body having mass.

Example

Gravity pulls objects towards the Earth's surface.

重力将物体吸引到地球表面。

C1 noun /ɡaɪz/

guise

伪装

Meaning

An external form, appearance, or manner of presentation, often hiding the true nature

Example

He approached in the guise of a friend.

他以朋友的伪装接近。

B2 noun /ˈmɜːrtʃənt/

merchant

商人

Meaning

a person or company involved in the trade of goods, especially in large quantities

Example

The merchant sold spices from distant lands.

商人出售来自遥远土地的香料。

B1 noun /ɪˈfɛk.tɪv kəˌmjuː.nɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

effective communication

有效沟通

Meaning

Clear and meaningful exchange of information that achieves its intended purpose.

Example

Effective communication is key to strong relationships.

有效沟通是建立强大关系的关键。

C2 noun /ˌpɜː.spɪˈkæs.ɪ.ti/

perspicacity

洞察力

Meaning

Sharp insight, keen understanding and discernment.

Example

Her perspicacity in business decisions led to success.

她在商业决策中的洞察力带来了成功。

C1 verb /bɪˈreɪt/

berate

训斥

Meaning

to scold or criticize angrily

Example

The teacher berated the student for being late.

老师因迟到而训斥了学生。

A1 verb, noun /kraɪ/

cry

Meaning

To shed tears as an expression of emotion such as sadness or pain; also a loud call or shout.

Example

The baby began to cry when she was hungry.

B2 noun /ˈter.ər/

Terror

恐怖; 使用暴力和恐吓达到政治目的

Meaning

extreme fear; the use of violence and intimidation for political aims

Example

The loud explosion filled everyone with terror.

巨大的爆炸让每个人都充满了恐惧。

C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

倾向

Meaning

A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.

Example

Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.

基因因素可以影响一个人对疾病的先天倾向。

B2 noun /ˈbætʃələr/

Bachelor

单身汉; 拥有大学学位的人

Meaning

an unmarried man; a person who holds a first degree from a university

Example

He remained a bachelor all his life and earned a bachelor's degree in engineering.

他一生都保持单身，并获得了工程学位。

C1 verb /aɪˈdiː.ə.laɪz/

idealize

理想化

Meaning

To regard or represent something as perfect or better than it really is.

Example

Children often idealize their parents.

孩子们常常理想化他们的父母。

B2 noun /læp/

Lap

膝上

Meaning

the flat area between the waist and knees of a seated person; one circuit of a track or course

Example

The cat curled up comfortably in her lap while she read her book.

猫舒适地蜷缩在她的膝上，读着她的书。

C1 verb, noun /ˈflʌstər/

fluster

使困惑

Meaning

to make someone agitated or confused

Example

The unexpected question flustered him.

这个意外的问题让他感到困惑。

C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɪˌɡoʊ/

vertigo

幸福

Meaning

A sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain.

Example

She felt a sudden vertigo when she looked down from the tall building.

当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福感。

B2 noun /ˈdʒʌŋk.ʃən/

Junction

交叉口

Meaning

a place where two or more roads or railway lines meet; a point where things join or connect

Example

Turn left at the junction to reach the shopping center.

在交叉口左转，前往购物中心。

B2 noun /ɪnˈsaɪdə/

insider

内部人士

Meaning

a person within a group or organization who has access to confidential information

Example

He was an insider who knew all the company's secrets.

他是一个了解公司所有秘密的内部人士。

C1 noun /ˈmɒŋ.ɡuːs/

Mongoose

獴

Meaning

a small carnivorous mammal known for its ability to kill venomous snakes

Example

The mongoose quickly attacked the cobra to protect its young.

獴迅速攻击了眼镜蛇，以保护它的幼崽。

C2 noun /ˌlɪt.əˈrɑː.ti/

literati

文学家

Meaning

well-educated, literary, or scholarly people

Example

The event was attended by poets, critics, and other members of the literati.

该活动由诗人、评论家和其他文学家参加。

B2 noun /ˌɒn.trə.prəˈnɜːr/

Entrepreneur

组织和经营一个或多个企业的人

Meaning

a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses

Example

The young entrepreneur started her own tech company at age 22.

这位年轻的企业家在22岁时创办了自己的科技公司。

B2 verb /ɪnˈhæbɪt/

inhabit

栖息

Meaning

to live in; to occupy as a dwelling

Example

Many animals inhabit the forest.

许多动物栖息在森林中。

B2 noun /ˈsliːpər/

sleeper

睡觉的人；意外成功的事物

Meaning

a person or thing that sleeps; something that unexpectedly succeeds

Example

The movie turned out to be a real sleeper hit.

这部电影竟然成为了意外的成功。

C1 noun /deɪˈtɒnt/

detente

缓和紧张关系

Meaning

the easing of strained relations, especially between countries

Example

The treaty helped bring about a détente between the two nations.

该条约有助于缓解两个国家之间的紧张关系。

C1 verb /dɪˈspɛl/

dispel

驱散

Meaning

to make a doubt, feeling, or belief disappear

Example

The teacher's explanation dispelled the students' confusion.

老师的解释消除了学生们的困惑。

C2 noun /ˈzɛfər/

zephyr

轻风

Meaning

A soft gentle breeze.

Example

A warm zephyr blew through the valley.

一阵温暖的轻风吹过山谷。

C2 verb /læmˈpuːn/

lampoon

讽刺

Meaning

to publicly criticize or ridicule someone or something with humor, irony, or sarcasm

Example

The cartoonist lampooned the politician for his contradictory statements.

漫画家因政治家的矛盾言论而讽刺他。

B2 adjective /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/

imperative

命令式

Meaning

Of vital importance; crucial; giving or expressing a command.

Example

It is imperative to address the climate crisis immediately.

必须立即解决气候危机。

C1 noun /kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/

Compulsion

强迫; 强制;

Meaning

the action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; an irresistible urge to behave in a certain way

Example

He felt a strong compulsion to check his phone every few minutes.

他感到强烈的冲动，每隔几分钟就检查一次手机。

A2 noun /fəˈtɒɡrəfə/

photographer

摄影师

Meaning

a person who takes photographs professionally

Example

The photographer captured the beauty of nature.

摄影师捕捉到了大自然的美。

C1 verb /pəˈveɪd/

pervade

弥漫

Meaning

to spread through and be present in every part of something

Example

The smell of fresh flowers pervaded the entire room.

新鲜花香弥漫整个房间。

B2 adjective /ˌpoʊstˈwɔːr/

post-war

战后

Meaning

relating to the period after a war has ended

Example

The country experienced rapid economic growth in the post-war years.

该国在战后时期经历了快速的经济增长。

C2 noun /sʌbˈɔːl.tən/

subaltern

处于下级职位的人；在军队中，初级军官

Meaning

A person holding a subordinate position; in the military, a junior officer.

Example

The subaltern was responsible for leading a small platoon of soldiers.

下级军官负责指挥一个小型士兵排。

C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈsɛʃən/

intercession

代祷

Meaning

the act of intervening or pleading on behalf of another person

Example

The prisoner was released due to the intercession of influential leaders.

由于有影响力的领导人的代祷，囚犯被释放了。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈtoʊld/

Untold

不可计数的; 无尽的

Meaning

very great in amount or degree; countless; immeasurable

Example

The earthquake caused untold damage to the city.

地震对城市造成了无法计数的损害。

C1 adverb kəmˈpæktli

compactly

紧凑地

Meaning

In a closely packed or dense manner.

Example

Protons and neutrons are compactly arranged.

质子和中子紧密地排列。

C2 adjective /lɪˈbɪdənəs/

libidinous

好色

Meaning

Showing excessive sexual drive; lustful.

Example

The play was criticized for its libidinous characters.

这部剧因其好色的角色而受到批评。

C2 adjective /ˈɪndələnt/

indolent

懒惰

Meaning

Wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy.

Example

The indolent cat slept in the sun all afternoon.

懒惰的猫整天躺在阳光下睡觉。

C1 verb /sɪndʒ/

singe

轻微燃烧

Meaning

To burn something superficially or lightly, especially at the edges.

Example

The fire singed his eyebrows.

火焰烧焦了他的眉毛。

C2 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈhɛrɪt/

disinherit

剥夺继承权

Meaning

to deprive someone, especially a child, of inheritance or right to property

Example

The father threatened to disinherit his son for his reckless actions.

父亲威胁要因儿子的鲁莽行为剥夺他的继承权。

B2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbəl/

Irresistible

不可抗拒的

Meaning

too attractive and tempting to be resisted; impossible to resist

Example

The chocolate cake was absolutely irresistible.

这块巧克力蛋糕简直让人无法抗拒。

A2 adjective /niːt/

Neat

干净整洁; 井然有序; 精心制作

Meaning

clean and tidy; well-organized; carefully done

Example

Her room is always neat and organized.

她的房间总是整洁有序。

C2 noun /ˈsækrɪsti/

sacristy

圣器室

Meaning

a room in a church where sacred vessels and vestments are kept

Example

The priest entered the sacristy before the mass began.

神父在弥撒开始前进入了圣器室。

A2 noun/verb /bəˈluːn/

balloon

气球

Meaning

A small bag made of thin rubber or similar material that can be inflated with air or gas; as a verb, to expand rapidly.

Example

The children played with a red balloon at the party.

孩子们在聚会上玩了一个红色的气球。

C2 adjective /saɪˈdɪəriəl/

sidereal

恒星的

Meaning

Relating to the stars or constellations; measured relative to the stars.

Example

Astronomers use sidereal time to track the positions of stars.

天文学家使用恒星时间来追踪星星的位置。

C1 noun /ˈʌp.tɜːn/

upturn

改善

Meaning

An improvement or upward trend in a situation, especially in business or economy.

Example

The company experienced an upturn in sales last quarter.

该公司在上个季度销售情况有所改善。

A2 noun /piˈænoʊ/

Piano

钢琴

Meaning

a large keyboard musical instrument with black and white keys that produces sound by striking strings with hammers

Example

The little girl practiced piano for one hour every day.

这个小女孩每天练钢琴一个小时。

A2 noun /ʃiːt/

sheet

床单

Meaning

a large piece of cloth or paper, typically used to cover or protect something

Example

I need a clean sheet to cover the bed.

我需要一张干净的床单来覆盖床铺。

B2 adjective /prəˈspɛktɪv/

prospective

前景的

Meaning

likely or expected to happen in the future; potential

Example

The company is meeting with prospective clients next week.

公司将于下周与潜在客户会面。

B1 noun /ˈɛdɪtər/

editor

编辑

Meaning

a person responsible for the final content of a newspaper, magazine, or book

Example

The editor approved the article before publication.

编辑在出版前批准了文章。

B1 adjective /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/

automatic

自动

Meaning

working by itself without direct human control

Example

This car has an automatic transmission.

这辆车有自动变速器。

C1 noun /viˈoʊlə/ or /ˈvaɪələ/

viola

维奥拉

Meaning

A stringed instrument slightly larger than a violin, with a deeper and mellower tone.

Example

She chose to play the viola in the school orchestra.

她选择在学校管弦乐队中演奏维奥拉。

C1 noun /ˈnɔːrmən/

Norman

Meaning

A member of a people of mixed Scandinavian and Frankish origin who settled in Normandy, or relating to their culture.

Example

The Normans conquered England in 1066.

B1 verb /dɪˈvaɪd/

divide

分割

Meaning

to separate into parts; to split or break apart

Example

Please divide the cake into eight pieces.

请把蛋糕分成八块。

A2 noun/adjective /ˈmɪdəl/

middle

中间

Meaning

the central point, position, or part of something

Example

The park is in the middle of the city.

公园位于城市的中心。

C1 noun /pʌn/

pun

双关语

Meaning

A humorous use of words that suggests different meanings or words that sound alike.

Example

He made a clever pun about the bakery's bread rising.

他在面包店关于面包发酵的玩笑中巧妙地运用了双关语。

C1 adjective /ˈkjʊərəbl/

curable

可治愈的

Meaning

Able to be cured or healed.

Example

The doctor assured her that the disease was curable.

医生向她保证，这种疾病是可治愈的。

C2 noun /boʊl/

boll

圆形种子荚（如棉花或亚麻）

Meaning

The rounded seed capsule of plants such as cotton or flax.

Example

The farmer examined the cotton boll to check its quality.

农民检查了棉花的种子荚，以检查其质量。

A1 adverb /ˈɔːl.weɪz/

Always

总是; 永远; 每时每刻

Meaning

at all times; on all occasions; forever

Example

She always arrives early to work.

她总是早早地到达工作。

A2 noun /siːn/

scene

场景

Meaning

a place or setting of an event or activity, or the part of a play or film

Example

The final scene of the movie was very emotional.

电影的最后一场景非常感人。

C1 noun /ˈræʃən/

ration

配给

Meaning

a fixed amount of something, especially food, officially allowed to each person

Example

During the war, each family received a weekly ration of rice.

在战争期间，每个家庭每周获得固定的米饭配给。

C2 noun /dʒɔːnt/

jaunt

短途旅行

Meaning

A short journey or excursion, usually taken for pleasure.

Example

They went on a weekend jaunt to the countryside.

他们在周末去了乡村进行短途旅行。

B2 adjective /ˌhaɪ ˈtɛk/

high-tech

高科技

Meaning

using or involving advanced technology.

Example

The company produces high-tech medical devices.

该公司生产高科技医疗设备。

B2 noun /skɛtʃ/

sketch

素描

Meaning

a simple, rough drawing or outline

Example

He made a quick sketch of the landscape.

他画了一个快速的风景素描。

C1 adjective /ləˈbɔːr.i.əs/

laborious

费力的

Meaning

requiring considerable effort and time; difficult and hard-working

Example

Writing the long report was a laborious task.

写长报告是一项费力的任务。

A2 verb /əˈfɔːrd/

afford

负担得起

Meaning

to have enough money to buy; to be able to spare

Example

I can't afford a new car right now.

我现在买不起一辆新车。

C1 noun /ˈɔːr.ə.tɔːr.i/

oratory

演讲艺术

Meaning

The art of public speaking; skilled and confident delivery of speeches to an audience.

Example

His exceptional oratory skills won him the debate competition.

他出色的演讲技巧使他赢得了辩论比赛。

B2 noun /ˈter.ər.ɪ.zəm/

Terrorism

恐怖主义

Meaning

the unlawful use of violence and intimidation against civilians for political aims

Example

The government increased security measures to prevent terrorism.

政府加强了安全措施以防止恐怖主义。

C1 adjective /ˈed.jʊ.keɪ.tɪv/

Educative

教育性的; 启发性的; 信息丰富的

Meaning

providing education; instructive; informative

Example

The documentary was highly educative and informative.

这部纪录片非常具有教育意义且信息丰富。

B2 noun /dʒuː/

jew

犹太人

Meaning

a person whose religion is Judaism or who is of Jewish descent

Example

He is a Jew by heritage and follows Jewish customs.

他是犹太人，继承了犹太传统并遵守犹太习俗。

C2 noun /ˌtɛliˈɒlədʒi/

teleology

目的论

Meaning

the explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve rather than by cause

Example

Aristotle is often associated with the concept of teleology in philosophy.

亚里士多德常与哲学中的目的论概念相关联。

C2 noun /ˈpoʊltɪs/

poultice

温暖的草药敷料

Meaning

a soft, moist mass of material applied to the body to relieve soreness and inflammation

Example

The nurse applied a warm poultice to his injured leg.

护士把温暖的敷料敷在他受伤的腿上。

B2 noun ədˈvɑːns.mənt

advancement

进步

Meaning

The process of promoting or moving forward; development or improvement in a particular area.

Example

Technological advancement shapes the future.

技术进步塑造了未来。

B2 noun /təˈreɪn/

terrain

地形

Meaning

a stretch of land, especially with regard to its physical features

Example

The soldiers had to cross rough terrain during the mission.

士兵们必须在任务期间穿越艰难的地形。

C2 verb /əˈɡrɛs/

aggress

攻击

Meaning

to initiate an attack or show hostile behavior

Example

The army chose not to aggress without provocation.

军队决定不在没有挑衅的情况下攻击。

B2 verb /kəˈmɛns/

commence

开始

Meaning

to begin or start something

Example

The ceremony will commence at noon.

仪式将在中午开始。

B2 noun ɪˈroʊʒən

erosion

侵蚀

Meaning

The gradual destruction or diminishing of something.

Example

Power struggles often lead to the erosion of humanity.

权力斗争往往导致人类的侵蚀。

C1 noun /brɒŋˈkaɪtɪs/

bronchitis

支气管炎

Meaning

inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs

Example

The doctor diagnosed him with acute bronchitis.

医生诊断他患有急性支气管炎。

C1 verb /ˈmɛdəl/

meddle

干涉与自己无关的事情

Meaning

to interfere in something that is not one's concern

Example

He always tries to meddle in other people’s business.

他总是试图干涉别人的事务。

C1 verb /dɪˈmoʊt/

demote

降职

Meaning

to reduce to a lower rank or position

Example

The manager decided to demote the employee for poor performance.

经理决定因表现不佳而降职。

B2 verb /ˈmæk.sɪ.maɪz/

maximize

最大化

Meaning

to increase something as much as possible

Example

The company aims to maximize its profits this year.

公司今年旨在最大化其利润。

B1 verb /ɪkˈstend/

extend

扩展

Meaning

to make longer or larger; to stretch out; to offer or give

Example

The company decided to extend the deadline for the project.

公司决定延长项目的截止日期。

B2 noun, verb /ˈædvɜːrt/

advert

Meaning

(noun) a notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, or event; (verb) to refer to something in speaking or writing

Example

The company placed an advert in the newspaper for the new position.

B2 verb /vaʊ/

vow

发誓

Meaning

to make a serious promise; to pledge solemnly

Example

They vowed to love each other forever.

他们发誓永远相爱。

C1 preposition /əˈtɒp/

atop

顶部

Meaning

on the top of something

Example

A flag was placed atop the tower.

一面旗帜被放置在塔顶。

A2 noun /reɪs/

race

比赛

Meaning

a competition of speed, or a group of people with similar characteristics

Example

The race was very exciting, with many competitors.

比赛非常激动人心，有许多参赛者。