C2 noun /kɔːrˈteɪʒ/

cortege

葬礼队伍

Meaning

a solemn procession, especially for a funeral

Example

A cortege of mourners followed the hearse to the cemetery.

一队哀悼的人跟随灵车到墓地。

B2 noun /ˌdʒen.əˈrɒs.ə.ti/

Generosity

慷慨

Meaning

the quality of being kind and generous; willingness to give money, help, kindness freely

Example

The billionaire's generosity was evident in his numerous charitable donations to hospitals.

亿万富翁的慷慨在他对医院的众多慈善捐赠中显而易见。

C1 adjective /wɪðˈdrɔːn/

withdrawn

孤僻

Meaning

quiet and shy; not wanting to talk to others

Example

After the incident, he became withdrawn and avoided his friends.

事件发生后，他变得孤僻，并避开了他的朋友。

B2 noun ˈbaɪ.əs

bias

偏见, 偏袒

Meaning

Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.

Example

The judge must remain free from bias.

法官必须保持公正。

C2 adjective /əˈstrɪndʒənt/

astringent

严厉的

Meaning

sharp or severe in manner or style; also describes a substance that contracts skin or body tissues

Example

Her astringent tone silenced the noisy class.

她那严厉的语气让嘈杂的课堂安静下来。

B2 noun /skɑːr/

Scar

疤痕

Meaning

a mark left on the skin after a wound has healed; lasting emotional damage

Example

The accident left a permanent scar on his forehead.

事故在他额头上留下了永久的伤疤。

C2 noun /ˌdaɪvəˈɡeɪʃən/

divagation

偏离

Meaning

digression; wandering from a path or subject

Example

His lecture was full of divagation, making it hard to follow the main point.

他的演讲充满了偏离主题的内容，使得很难跟上主要论点。

C1 noun /pəˈraɪə/

pariah

弃儿

Meaning

An outcast; someone who is rejected by society or a social group.

Example

After the scandal, he became a social pariah.

丑闻过后，他成了一个社会弃儿。

C1 verb əˈblɪt.ə.reɪt

obliterate

摧毁

Meaning

To destroy utterly; wipe out completely, to erase or remove something completely.

Example

The storm obliterated entire villages.

暴风雨摧毁了整个村庄。

C1 noun /ˈdʒɛpərdi/

jeopardy

危险

Meaning

Danger of loss, harm, or failure.

Example

His careless driving put everyone in jeopardy.

他的鲁莽驾驶把所有人置于危险之中。

C1 noun /ˈdæn.drʌf/

Dandruff

头皮屑

Meaning

small white or grey flakes of dead skin that form on the scalp and fall from the hair

Example

He used a special shampoo to treat his persistent dandruff problem.

他使用了一种特殊的洗发水来治疗他持续的头皮屑问题。

C2 adjective /ˈrɛkənˌdaɪt/ or /ˈrɛkəndaɪt/

recondite

鲜为人知或难以理解的

Meaning

Little known or difficult to understand.

Example

The professor’s lecture was full of recondite theories.

教授的讲座充满了深奥的理论。

C1 adjective /ɪˈnænɪmət/

inanimate

无生命的物体

Meaning

not alive, especially not in the manner of animals and humans; lifeless

Example

The museum was full of inanimate objects from ancient times.

博物馆里充满了来自古代的无生命物体。

B2 noun ˈbaɪ.əʊˌfjuː.əl

biofuel

生物燃料

Meaning

A fuel derived immediately from living matter, as opposed to fossil fuels derived from long-dead biological matter.

Example

Biofuels reduce dependence on conventional energy sources.

生物燃料减少了对传统能源来源的依赖。

C2 noun /ˈkɒn.tɪ.nəns/

continence

节制

Meaning

self-restraint, especially regarding bodily functions or desires

Example

He practiced continence to maintain focus on his studies.

他练习节制以保持对学业的专注。

C2 noun /nuːt/

Newt

蝾螈

Meaning

a small amphibian with a long tail that lives both in water and on land

Example

The newt swam gracefully in the pond.

蝾螈优雅地在池塘里游泳。

B2 noun /ˈɔr.fən/

Orphan

孤儿

Meaning

a child whose parents are dead; someone without protective support

Example

The orphan was adopted by a loving family.

孤儿被一户充满爱心的家庭收养了。

C1 noun /əbˈzɜːrvətɔːri/

observatory

天文台

Meaning

A building equipped for observing astronomical or meteorological events.

Example

The observatory is open to the public on weekends.

天文台在周末对公众开放。

A2 noun /bɪər/

beer

啤酒

Meaning

An alcoholic drink made from yeast-fermented malt flavored with hops.

Example

He ordered a glass of cold beer at the bar.

他在酒吧点了一杯冰凉的啤酒。

C2 noun /jɔːr/

yore

过去

Meaning

Time long past; bygone days.

Example

Legends of yore still inspire people today.

过去的传说至今仍然激励着人们。

B2 noun ˈmoʊ.baɪl sɪˈkjʊr.ə.ti

mobile security

移动安全

Meaning

Protection of mobile devices and the data stored on them from security threats.

Example

Strong mobile security protects personal information.

强大的移动安全保护个人信息。

C2 adjective /ˈʌndjʊleɪtɪŋ/

undulating

波动的

Meaning

Having a smoothly rising and falling form or motion like waves.

Example

We drove through undulating hills.

我们驱车穿过起伏的山丘。

C1 adjective ˌmiː.ti.ər.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl

meteorological

气象的

Meaning

Relating to weather conditions and atmospheric phenomena.

Example

Meteorological conditions affect farming cycles.

气象条件影响农业周期。

A1 preposition/conjunction /ʌnˈtɪl/

until

直到

Meaning

up to the time of

Example

I will wait until you come back.

我会等到你回来。

C2 noun /ˈtraɪdənt/

trident

三叉戟

Meaning

A three-pronged spear, often associated with Neptune or Poseidon.

Example

The statue of Poseidon holds a mighty trident.

波塞冬的雕像握着一把强大的三叉戟。

C2 verb /ˈdʒɪb.ər/

gibber

语无伦次地说

Meaning

To speak rapidly and unintelligibly, typically through fear or shock.

Example

The frightened man began to gibber when he saw the ghost.

那个害怕的男人看到鬼魂时开始语无伦次地说话。

B1 adjective /ˈpeɪn.fəl/

painful

疼痛的

Meaning

causing physical or emotional pain

Example

The injury was very painful, and he needed immediate care.

受伤非常疼痛，他需要立刻接受治疗。

B1 noun /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɒnɪks/

electronics

电子学

Meaning

the branch of physics and technology dealing with circuits and devices using transistors, microchips, and other components

Example

He studied electronics at university.

他在大学学习电子学。

C2 adjective /lɪˈbɪdənəs/

libidinous

好色

Meaning

Showing excessive sexual drive; lustful.

Example

The play was criticized for its libidinous characters.

这部剧因其好色的角色而受到批评。

B2 noun /ˈsaɪkloʊn/

cyclone

气旋

Meaning

a large-scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure; a violent tropical storm

Example

The cyclone caused severe flooding along the coast.

气旋在沿海地区造成了严重的洪水。

C2 verb /əˈreɪn/

arraign

起诉

Meaning

to formally accuse someone in a court of law and ask them to respond to the charges

Example

The suspect was arraigned before the judge this morning.

嫌疑人在今天早晨被指控出庭。

B1 verb /ɪnˈfɔ:m/

inform

通知

Meaning

to tell someone about something; to give information

Example

Please inform me when you arrive at the airport.

请在您到达机场时通知我。

C2 noun /ˈbɛnɪsən/

benison

祝福

Meaning

A blessing or benefit.

Example

The rain was a benison for the drought-stricken farmers.

这场雨对受旱灾影响的农民来说是一种祝福。

C1 noun /ˈvaɪəˌleɪtər/

violator

违规者

Meaning

A person who breaks or disregards a law, rule, or agreement.

Example

The police caught the traffic violator at the intersection.

警察在交叉口抓住了交通违规者。

B1 noun ˈkɒnsept

concept

概念

Meaning

An abstract idea or general notion

Example

The concept of chasing two rabbits teaches focus.

追逐两只兔子的概念教会了我们专注。

B2 adjective /ˈkræŋki/

cranky

脾气暴躁

Meaning

bad-tempered, easily annoyed, or irritable

Example

The child gets cranky when he is hungry.

当孩子饿了时，他会变得脾气暴躁。

C2 adjective /ˈstɒlɪd/

stolid

冷静的，沉默的

Meaning

Calm, dependable, and showing little emotion or animation.

Example

Despite the chaos around him, he remained stolid and composed.

尽管周围混乱，他依然冷静沉着。

C1 noun /ˈkɔːkəs/

caucus

政治会议

Meaning

A meeting of members of a political party to select candidates or decide policy.

Example

The party held a caucus to nominate their candidate for president.

政党举行了一个会议，提名他们的总统候选人。

A2 adjective /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/

amazing

惊人

Meaning

causing great surprise or wonder; astonishing

Example

The magician performed an amazing trick.

魔术师表演了一个惊人的魔术。

C2 verb /ˈdʒɛsteɪt/

gestate

怀孕

Meaning

to carry and develop in the womb during pregnancy; to develop an idea over a period of time

Example

The mother whale gestates her calf for over a year.

母鲸怀孕并发展她的小鲸鱼超过一年。

C2 noun /hɪˈdʒɛməni/ or /ˈhɛdʒəmoʊni/

hegemony

霸权

Meaning

leadership or dominance, especially by one state or group over others

Example

The empire maintained its hegemony over neighboring states.

帝国保持了对邻国的霸权。

C2 adjective hjʊˈrɪs.tɪk

heuristic

启发式

Meaning

Enabling a person to discover or learn something for themselves; experimental learning approach.

Example

Teachers use heuristic techniques to encourage self-learning.

教师使用启发式技巧来鼓励自学。

B2 noun /strɪp/

Strip

一条长而窄的布、纸、塑料或其他材料带

Meaning

a long narrow piece of cloth, paper, plastic, or other material

Example

She tore a strip of paper from the notebook.

她从笔记本上撕下一条纸带。

B2 noun ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən

intervention

干预

Meaning

The action or process of intervening; involvement in a situation to improve or help it.

Example

The intervention of the UN was crucial in resolving the conflict.

联合国的干预对解决冲突至关重要。

C1 verb /rɪɡ/

rig

操控

Meaning

to manipulate or control something dishonestly; to set up equipment

Example

The election was rigged by corrupt officials.

选举被腐败官员操控了。

C1 adjective /ɛsˈθɛtɪk/

esthetic

美学的

Meaning

Concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.

Example

The building’s esthetic design attracted many visitors.

建筑的美学设计吸引了许多游客。

C1 noun /ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrəns/

incoherence

不一致

Meaning

The quality of being unclear, confused, or lacking logical connection.

Example

His speech was full of incoherence and difficult to follow.

他的演讲充满了不一致，难以跟随。

C2 noun /ˈreɪləri/

raillery

友好的玩笑

Meaning

good-humored teasing or joking

Example

Their friendship was full of light-hearted raillery.

他们的友谊充满了轻松的玩笑。

C2 adjective /ˈʌndjʊləs/

undulous

波浪形的

Meaning

Having a wavy surface or form.

Example

The artist painted the undulous sea at sunset.

艺术家在日落时画了波浪形的海洋。

C1 noun ˈpær.ə.daɪm

paradigm

范式

Meaning

A typical example or pattern of something; a model or framework for understanding or approaching something.

Example

The paradigm of education is changing with digital technology.

教育的范式正在随着数字技术而改变。

A2 noun /ˈpɑːtnər/

partner

合作伙伴

Meaning

a person who shares or is associated with another in some action or endeavor

Example

She is my business partner in the new venture.

她是我在这个新项目中的商业合作伙伴。

C1 noun ˈmɑːrdʒɪnəlaɪzd ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəlz

marginalized individuals

边缘化的个体

Meaning

People who are treated as insignificant or peripheral to society, often excluded from mainstream social, economic, or political activities.

Example

Marginalized individuals often face severe challenges.

边缘化的个体常常面临严峻的挑战。

A2 verb /kɪl/

kill

杀死

Meaning

to cause the death of; to end life

Example

The hunter killed the deer.

猎人杀死了鹿。

B1 noun /ˌpɜr.sənˈæl.ə.ti/

Personality

个性

Meaning

the combination of characteristics that form an individual's distinctive character; a famous person

Example

She has a very outgoing and friendly personality.

她有非常外向和友好的个性。

B2 noun/verb /kəˈmjuː.tɪŋ/

commuting

每日通勤

Meaning

Regular travel to and from workplace, daily journey for work.

Example

He spends two hours commuting to work every day.

他每天花两个小时通勤去上班。

C2 noun /kɒɡˈnoʊmən/

cognomen

姓氏 / 绰号

Meaning

A family name or surname; an additional name or nickname.

Example

His cognomen became widely known in literary circles.

他的姓氏在文学界广为人知。

C1 noun /ˌnoʊtəˈraɪəti/

notoriety

恶名

Meaning

The state of being famous or well-known for something bad.

Example

The criminal gained notoriety for his daring escapes.

罪犯因其大胆的逃脱而声名狼藉。

C1 noun /dɪˈfen.dənt/

Defendant

被告

Meaning

an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law

Example

The defendant pleaded not guilty to all charges brought against him.

被告对所有对他提出的指控表示不认罪。

C2 noun /ləˈdʒɪʃən/

logician

逻辑学家

Meaning

A person skilled in logic and reasoning.

Example

Aristotle is considered one of the greatest logicians in history.

亚里士多德被认为是历史上最伟大的逻辑学家之一。

B2 noun /ˈdɛsɪməl/

decimal

十进制

Meaning

A number system based on 10; a number expressed in the base-10 system.

Example

The number 0.75 is a decimal.

数字0.75是一个十进制数。

C2 verb /ˈrʌstɪkeɪt/

rusticate

去乡村 / 从大学暂时开除

Meaning

To go to the countryside or to suspend someone from university.

Example

He decided to rusticate in the village to escape the busy city life.

他决定去乡村生活以逃避繁忙的城市生活。

C2 noun/verb /ˈsoʊdʒɜrn/

sojourn

短暂停留

Meaning

A temporary stay at a place; to stay temporarily

Example

She enjoyed a brief sojourn in Paris during the summer.

她在夏天享受了在巴黎的短暂逗留。

A2 abbreviation (noun/pronoun) /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

sth.

某事

Meaning

abbreviation for 'something'

Example

Can you give me sth. to write with?

你能给我写字的东西吗？

B2 noun ˈkwəʊ.tə

quota

配额

Meaning

A limited or fixed number or amount of people or things, in particular.

Example

The quota reform was a key demand.

配额改革是一个关键要求。

C2 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡæmɪst/

polygamist

一夫多妻者

Meaning

a person who has more than one spouse at the same time

Example

The polygamist had three wives living in different houses.

这个多配偶者有三个妻子，他们住在不同的房子里。

C1 verb /ˈbɛkən/

beckon

招手示意

Meaning

to signal or call someone to come closer, often with a gesture; to attract or invite

Example

She beckoned him to come closer with a wave of her hand.

她挥手示意他走近一些。

A2 verb /ɪnˈvaɪt/

invite

邀请

Meaning

to ask someone to come to an event or to do something

Example

We should invite all our friends to the party.

我们应该邀请所有朋友参加聚会。

C1 adjective dɪˈskrɪmɪnətɔːri

discriminatory

歧视性

Meaning

Making or showing an unfair or prejudicial distinction between different categories of people or things.

Example

Discriminatory policies triggered protests.

歧视性政策引发了抗议。

B2 adjective /ˈmɪθɪkəl/

Mythical

神话的

Meaning

existing only in myths or legends; imaginary or fictitious

Example

Dragons are mythical creatures that appear in many cultures.

龙是神话中的生物，出现在许多文化中。

C1 verb /ˈtæn.tə.laɪz/

tantalize

诱惑

Meaning

To tease or torment someone with the promise of something desirable but unattainable.

Example

The aroma of the bakery tantalized the hungry children.

面包店的香气引诱了饥饿的孩子们。

B2 noun /ˈlaɪf.taɪm/

lifetime

一生

Meaning

The duration of a person's life or the existence of something.

Example

She achieved more in her lifetime than most people dream of.

她在一生中取得的成就，超出了大多数人的梦想。

A2 noun /ˈjuːnɪt/

unit

单元

Meaning

an individual thing or person regarded as a single and complete entity

Example

Each unit in the production line is carefully tested.

生产线上的每个单元都经过仔细测试。

B2 noun /ˈʌndərˌteɪkɪŋ/

undertaking

事业

Meaning

A task, project, or responsibility that someone agrees to do.

Example

Starting a new company is a difficult undertaking.

创办新公司是一项艰巨的事业。

B2 noun /koʊˈɔːrdɪˌneɪtər/

coordinator

协调员

Meaning

a person who organizes people or activities so that they work well together

Example

The event coordinator managed everything perfectly.

活动协调员完美地管理了一切。

C1 noun ˌvɛn.əˈreɪ.ʃən

veneration

崇敬

Meaning

Great respect; reverence; the action of regarding with great respect or reverence.

Example

Many cultures show veneration for their ancestors.

许多文化表现出对祖先的崇敬。

B2 noun ˈhæb.ɪt fɔːrˌmeɪ.ʃən

habit formation

习惯形成

Meaning

The process of creating a habit through regular practice and repetition.

Example

Habit formation requires consistency and discipline.

习惯的形成需要一致性和纪律。

C1 noun /ˈɡreɪdiənt/

gradient

斜坡

Meaning

A gradual slope, or the degree of inclination of a surface.

Example

The cyclist struggled up the steep gradient of the hill.

骑行者在爬陡峭的斜坡时遇到了困难。

B2 adjective /sɪmˈbɒlɪk/

symbolic

象征性的

Meaning

serving as a symbol or representing something else

Example

The dove is symbolic of peace and freedom.

鸽子是和平与自由的象征。

B2 noun /plʌɡ/

plug

插头

Meaning

a device used to connect or block an opening

Example

She inserted the plug into the socket.

她把插头插入了插座。

C1 noun /ˈdʒɔːn.dɪs/

jaundice

黄疸

Meaning

A medical condition in which the skin and eyes become yellow due to liver problems.

Example

The doctor diagnosed the baby with jaundice.

医生诊断出婴儿患有黄疸。

B1 adjective /ˈklæsɪk/

classic

经典，杰出

Meaning

Judged over a period of time to be of the highest quality and outstanding of its kind.

Example

That movie is a classic example of 90s comedy.

那部电影是90年代喜剧的经典范例。

B2 adjective /væst/

Vast

广阔; 巨大; 无边

Meaning

extremely large in size, amount, or extent; immense

Example

The vast ocean stretched endlessly to the horizon.

广阔的海洋延伸至天际。

A2 noun /ˈlæd.ər/

Ladder

梯子

Meaning

a structure consisting of two upright parallel sides connected by rungs, used for climbing up or down

Example

He climbed the ladder to reach the books on the top shelf.

他爬上梯子去拿顶架上的书。

C2 adjective /kəmˈpleɪzənt/

complaisant

过于顺从

Meaning

willing to please others or to accept what they do or say without protest

Example

He was too complaisant to refuse their demands.

他太顺从以至于无法拒绝他们的要求。

C2 verb /hjuː/

hew

砍

Meaning

To chop or cut something, especially wood or stone, with a tool.

Example

The workers hewed logs to build the cabin.

工人们砍伐木材建造小屋。

B1 adjective /ˈriː.zən.ə.bəl/

Reasonable

合理的; 公正且实用的; 不太贵; 合逻辑的

Meaning

fair and sensible; not too expensive; logical and practical

Example

The hotel offers reasonable prices for quality accommodation.

酒店提供合理的价格，以便提供优质的住宿。

C2 noun ˌæɡ.roʊˈfɔːr.ɪ.stri

agroforestry

农业林业

Meaning

A land use management system in which trees or shrubs are grown around or among crops or pastureland.

Example

Agroforestry improves soil quality and crop yield.

农业林业改善了土壤质量和作物产量。

B2 verb /kənˈfrʌnt/

confront

面对

Meaning

to face someone or something directly, especially in a challenge or conflict

Example

She had to confront her fears before making the speech.

她在演讲前必须面对自己的恐惧。

C1 adjective /ˈstɪltɪd/

stilted

做作的, 不自然的

Meaning

Speech or writing that is stiff, unnatural, or overly formal.

Example

His speech sounded stilted and rehearsed.

他的演讲听起来做作且预先排练过。

B2 noun /əˌbriːviˈeɪʃən/

abbreviation

缩写

Meaning

a shortened form of a word or phrase

Example

NASA is an abbreviation for National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

NASA 是 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 的缩写。

C1 noun /rɪˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

Retaliation

报复

Meaning

the action of returning a military attack; counterattack; revenge for an injury or wrong

Example

The country threatened retaliation against any act of aggression.

该国威胁对任何侵略行为进行报复。

C2 adjective /luːˈɡuːbriəs/

lugubrious

阴沉的

Meaning

looking or sounding sad and dismal

Example

His lugubrious expression made everyone feel uneasy.

他那阴沉的表情让大家感到不安。

B2 noun /rɪˈsɛs/

recess

休息

Meaning

A short break from work or school; also a small space set back in a wall.

Example

The children played outside during recess.

孩子们在休息期间在外面玩耍。

B2 adjective /ˈkɒŋ.kriːt/

Concrete

坚固的；真实的；有形的；具体的

Meaning

solid; real; tangible; actual and specific

Example

We need concrete evidence to support our claims.

我们需要具体的证据来支持我们的主张。

B1 adverb /ɪˈfɛktɪvli/

effectively

有效地

Meaning

in a way that produces the desired result; efficiently and successfully

Example

The team worked together effectively to finish the project on time.

团队有效地合作，按时完成了项目。

C2 noun /ˈfænˌtæzəm/

phantasm

幽灵

Meaning

an illusion, ghost, or figment of the imagination

Example

The child claimed to see a phantasm in the old house.

孩子声称在旧房子里看见了幽灵。

A2 noun steɪt

state

国家

Meaning

A nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.

Example

The state declared a new language policy.

国家宣布了一项新的语言政策。

C1 verb /ˈstaɪmi/

stymie

妨碍

Meaning

to prevent or hinder the progress of something

Example

The new regulations could stymie small businesses.

新规章可能会阻碍小型企业的发展。

B2 noun ˈmʌltiˌtɑːskɪŋ

multitasking

多任务处理

Meaning

The performance of more than one task at the same time

Example

Multitasking reduces efficiency.

多任务处理降低了效率。

B2 verb /prɪˈsiːdɪd/

preceded

之前发生

Meaning

came before something in time, order, or position

Example

Dark clouds preceded the heavy rainfall.

乌云在暴雨之前出现。

C2 noun /ˈpoʊltɪs/

poultice

温暖的草药敷料

Meaning

a soft, moist mass of material applied to the body to relieve soreness and inflammation

Example

The nurse applied a warm poultice to his injured leg.

护士把温暖的敷料敷在他受伤的腿上。

B2 noun /kɒk/

Cock

公鸡

Meaning

an adult male chicken

Example

The cock crowed loudly at dawn to wake everyone up.

公鸡在黎明时分大声啼叫，唤醒了所有人。

C1 adjective /ˈboʊɡəs/

bogus

伪造的

Meaning

false, fake, or not genuine

Example

The police arrested him for using a bogus ID card.

警方因他使用伪造的身份证而逮捕了他。

B2 verb /ɪnˈtriːɡ/

intrigue

引起兴趣

Meaning

to arouse curiosity or interest; to make someone fascinated

Example

The mystery novel will intrigue any reader.

神秘小说将引起任何读者的兴趣。

C1 verb /əˈnʌl/

annul

取消

Meaning

to declare something legally invalid or cancel it

Example

The court decided to annul the marriage due to fraud.

法院决定因欺诈取消婚姻。

C2 noun /ˌʃæŋɡriˈlɑː/

shangri-la

虚构的乐园

Meaning

a remote, beautiful, imaginary place where life is perfect and peaceful

Example

They described the island as a modern-day Shangri-La.

他们将这个岛屿描述为现代版的香格里拉。

讨价还价

Meaning

to negotiate terms; to discuss prices; to make a deal

Example

She likes to bargain at the local market.

她喜欢在当地市场讨价还价。