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C1 noun kənˈvɜː.dʒəns

convergence

汇聚
Meaning
The process of coming together from different directions to meet at a common point; unification or integration.
Example
The convergence of technologies is revolutionizing industries.
技术的汇聚正在革命化行业。
C1 verb /ˈnjuːtrəlaɪz/

neutralize

中和
Meaning
to make something ineffective or harmless
Example
The medicine helped neutralize the poison in his system.
药物帮助中和了他体内的毒素。
C1 adjective /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/

igneous

火成
Meaning
Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Example
Granite is an igneous rock commonly used in construction.
花岗岩是一种常用于建筑的火成岩。
C1 adjective /əˈlʊr.ɪŋ/

Alluring

迷人且诱人; 迷人的
Meaning
attractive and tempting; fascinating
Example
The alluring fragrance of roses filled the garden.
玫瑰的迷人香气弥漫在花园里。
C1 noun /ˈkɒn.vɔɪ/

convoy

车队
Meaning
a group of vehicles or ships traveling together, often for protection
Example
The military convoy moved through the desert at dawn.
军队车队黎明时穿越沙漠。
C1 noun ˌdʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˈstrʌktʃər

geological structure

地质结构
Meaning
The arrangement and composition of rocks, minerals, and landforms in the Earth's crust.
Example
Scientists will study the Moon's geological structure.
科学家将研究月球的地质结构。
C1 verb /ˈskruː.tɪ.naɪz/

scrutinize

仔细检查或检查
Meaning
Examine or inspect closely and thoroughly.
Example
The scientist scrutinized the data before publishing his findings.
科学家在发布他的发现之前仔细检查了数据。
C1 verb /brɔɪl/

broil

烤
Meaning
To cook food by direct heat, usually under a grill or over a fire.
Example
She broiled the chicken until it was golden brown.
她把鸡肉烤到金黄色。
C1 noun /ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv ˈliː.də.ʃɪp/

proactive leadership

积极领导
Meaning
Leadership that takes initiative and anticipates problems before they occur, rather than reacting to events.
Example
Proactive leadership ensures timely decisions.
积极领导确保及时的决策。
C1 verb /ɡloʊt/

gloat

幸灾乐祸
Meaning
To take pleasure in someone else's misfortune or to show smug satisfaction.
Example
He couldn't help but gloat over his rival's failure.
他忍不住对竞争对手的失败感到幸灾乐祸。
C1 noun /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/

infusion

草药注入
Meaning
the act of introducing something into another; a drink made by steeping leaves or herbs in liquid
Example
She prepared a calming infusion of chamomile tea.
她准备了一杯舒缓的洋甘菊茶注入。
C1 verb /ˈtrɛspəs/

trespass

Meaning
to enter someone's land or property without permission
Example
He was fined for trespassing on private land.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɜːrmənəbl/

interminable

无尽
Meaning
Seemingly endless; having no apparent end.
Example
The meeting felt interminable and exhausting.
会议感觉无尽且令人疲惫。
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜː.mə.nəns/

impermanence

无常
Meaning
The state or fact of lasting for only a limited period of time.
Example
The philosophy of Buddhism emphasizes the impermanence of life.
佛教哲学强调生命的无常性。
C1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈrɔt/

overwrought

焦虑 / 过度紧张
Meaning
extremely agitated or nervous; excessively elaborate
Example
She was too overwrought to speak clearly after the accident.
她在事故后太焦虑，无法清楚地讲话。
C1 noun /bruːˈtæləti/

brutality

残暴
Meaning
extreme cruelty or violence; savage or inhumane treatment
Example
The brutality of the attack shocked the entire community.
这次攻击的残暴震惊了整个社区。
C1 noun /rɪˈvɜːrʒən/

reversion

逆转
Meaning
the act of returning to a previous state or condition
Example
The new policy marked a reversion to traditional methods.
新政策标志着回归传统方法。
C1 noun /ədˈhɪərənt/

adherent

追随者
Meaning
a person who supports or follows a particular belief, cause, or leader
Example
He is a strong adherent of democratic values.
他是民主价值观的坚定追随者。
C1 noun /ˌkɑːr.diˈɒl.ə.dʒɪst/

cardiologist

心脏病学家
Meaning
A doctor specializing in diagnosing and treating heart diseases.
Example
She made an appointment with a cardiologist for her chest pain.
她因胸痛预约了心脏病学家的诊察。
C1 noun /kwɪnˈtɛsəns/

quintessence

精髓
Meaning
The purest or most perfect example of something.
Example
She is the quintessence of elegance.
她是优雅的精髓。
C1 adjective /ˈsɔːrdɪd/

sordid

可耻的
Meaning
involving immoral or dishonorable actions; dirty or unpleasant
Example
The newspaper exposed the politician's sordid past.
报纸曝光了那位政治家的可耻过去。
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrmən/

foreman

负责一组工人的人，特别是在工厂或建筑工地上
Meaning
a person in charge of a group of workers, especially in a factory or construction site
Example
The foreman supervised the workers on the construction site.
工头在建筑工地上监督工人。
C1 noun /ˈprɛəri/

prairie

大草原
Meaning
A large open area of grassland, especially in North America.
Example
The bison roamed freely across the prairie.
野牛在大草原上自由地游荡。
C1 adjective /həˈbɪtʃuəl/

habitual

习惯性的
Meaning
Done or doing constantly or as a habit; customary.
Example
He was a habitual latecomer to class.
他是一个上课习惯性迟到的人。
C1 adjective /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.zənt/

cognizant

意识到
Meaning
Having knowledge or being aware of something.
Example
He was cognizant of the risks before starting the project.
他在开始这个项目之前就意识到风险。
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrəɡət/

surrogate

代理人
Meaning
A substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office.
Example
The surrogate mother gave birth to the child after carrying it for nine months.
代孕母亲在怀孕九个月后把孩子生下了。
C1 verb /ˌaʊtˈduː/

outdo

超越
Meaning
To do better than someone else; to surpass.
Example
She always tries to outdo her classmates in exams.
她总是尽力在考试中超越她的同学。
C1 adjective /ˈəʊnərəs/

onerous

繁重
Meaning
involving a great deal of effort, difficulty, or burden
Example
Fulfilling the contract proved to be an onerous task for the company.
履行合同对公司来说是一项繁重的任务。
C1 verb /ˈmiː.di.eɪt/

mediate

调解
Meaning
To act as an intermediary in bringing about agreement or reconciliation between parties.
Example
She was asked to mediate between the two companies.
她被要求在两家公司之间调解。
C1 noun /deɪˈtɒnt/

detente

缓和紧张关系
Meaning
the easing of strained relations, especially between countries
Example
The treaty helped bring about a détente between the two nations.
该条约有助于缓解两个国家之间的紧张关系。
C1 noun /ˈsteɪl.meɪt/

stalemate

僵局
Meaning
A situation in which no progress can be made or no party can win.
Example
Negotiations ended in a stalemate.
谈判陷入了僵局。
C1 adjective /ˈkwɑː.drʊ.pəl/

Quadruple

四倍的
Meaning
four times as much or as many; consisting of four parts
Example
The company's profits have shown quadruple growth this year.
公司的利润今年增长了四倍。
C1 verb /pləˈkeɪt/

placate

安抚
Meaning
to make someone less angry or hostile; to calm or soothe
Example
He tried to placate the angry customer with a refund.
他试图通过退款安抚愤怒的客户。
C1 noun /ˈtɛnəmənt/

tenement

廉租房
Meaning
a large building divided into separate apartments, often in poor condition
Example
The family lived in a crowded tenement in the city.
这个家庭住在城市里一个拥挤的廉租房里。
C1 adjective /ænˈtɪriər/

anterior

前部的
Meaning
Situated at or toward the front; coming before in position or time.
Example
The anterior part of the brain controls logical thinking.
大脑的前部控制逻辑思维。
C1 adjective /ˈvɪskəs/

viscous

粘性
Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.
Example
Honey is a viscous liquid that flows slowly.
蜂蜜是一种粘性液体，流动缓慢。
C1 noun /ˈnaɪt.hʊd/

knighthood

骑士身份
Meaning
The rank or dignity of a knight, or the ceremony of conferring knighthood.
Example
He was honored with knighthood for his contributions to science.
由于他对科学的贡献，他被授予骑士身份。
C1 noun /ˈlɛɡɪŋ/

legging

紧身裤
Meaning
tight-fitting stretch pants, typically worn by women for exercise or casual wear
Example
She bought a new pair of black leggings for the gym.
她为健身房买了一条新的黑色紧身裤。
C1 verb /ˈlɔːndər/

launder

洗衣服 / 隐瞒非法获得的钱的来源
Meaning
to wash clothes, linens, etc.; or to conceal the origins of money obtained illegally
Example
She laundered all the dirty clothes on Sunday.
她在星期天洗了所有脏衣服。
C1 verb /ˌpoʊstˈdeɪt/

postdate

后置日期
Meaning
To assign a date later than the actual date to a document or event.
Example
She postdated the check to next month.
她把支票的日期改为下个月。
C1 noun /krʌtʃ/

crutch

拐杖, 支撑
Meaning
a support used by someone injured to walk; also something relied upon for support or help
Example
He had to use crutches after breaking his leg.
他在摔断腿后不得不用拐杖。
C1 adverb /ˈnoʊɪŋli/

knowingly

故意
Meaning
in a way that shows you are aware of something; intentionally
Example
She knowingly kept the secret from her friends.
她故意对朋友们保守了秘密。
C1 noun /fruˈɪʃən/

fruition

实现
Meaning
The realization or fulfillment of a plan, project, or desire.
Example
Her dream of becoming a doctor finally came to fruition.
她成为医生的梦想终于实现了。
C1 adjective /ˌiːɡəˈtɪstɪkəl/

egotistical

自私的
Meaning
Excessively self-absorbed or conceited.
Example
Her egotistical behavior made it difficult for her to maintain friendships.
她自私的行为使得她很难维持友谊。
C1 noun prəˈpɛn.sə.ti

propensity

倾向或自然趋势
Meaning
An inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.
Example
He has a propensity for taking risks in business.
他有冒险精神，在商业中倾向于冒险。
C1 verb /ˈbædʒər/

badger

烦扰, 打扰
Meaning
To repeatedly ask or annoy someone with demands or questions.
Example
The reporter kept badgering the politician with questions.
记者不断用问题打扰政治人物。
C1 adverb/noun /ˌhɪərˈæftər/

hereafter

从现在起 / 来世
Meaning
from now on; in the future; also refers to life after death.
Example
Hereafter, all reports must be submitted electronically.
从现在起，所有报告必须通过电子方式提交。
C1 adjective məˈθɒd.ɪ.kəl

methodical

有条理的
Meaning
Done according to a systematic or established procedure; orderly and systematic.
Example
His methodical research produced reliable results.
他的有条理的研究产生了可靠的结果。
C1 noun /kənˈstɪtʃuənsi/

constituency

选区
Meaning
A geographical area whose residents elect a representative to a legislative body.
Example
She campaigned tirelessly across her constituency.
她在自己的选区内不知疲倦地竞选。
C1 noun, verb /raʊt/

rout

失败
Meaning
A decisive defeat; to defeat completely.
Example
The army routed the enemy forces in the battle.
军队在战斗中彻底击败了敌军。
C1 noun/verb /ˈætrəfi/

atrophy

萎缩
Meaning
a decrease in size or wasting away of a body part, tissue, or ability due to lack of use
Example
Without regular exercise, muscles may atrophy over time.
没有规律的锻炼，肌肉随着时间的推移可能会萎缩。
C1 noun ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl ˈdæmɪdʒ

irreversible damage

不可逆的损害
Meaning
Harm or injury that cannot be undone or repaired.
Example
Climate change causes irreversible damage to ecosystems.
气候变化对生态系统造成了不可逆的损害。
C1 noun ˈsɪmbəlɪzəm

symbolism

象征主义
Meaning
The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Example
The use of symbolism in the novel is masterful.
小说中的象征主义运用巧妙。
C1 noun /ɪkˈspoʊnənt/

exponent

指数
Meaning
a person who supports, promotes, or explains an idea; in math, a symbol denoting power
Example
She is a leading exponent of modern dance.
她是现代舞蹈的领先指数。
C1 noun /ˈbæs.ti.ən/

bastion

堡垒, 防御工事
Meaning
a stronghold or fortification; a place or institution strongly defending particular principles
Example
The castle stood as a bastion against enemy attacks.
这座城堡作为抵御敌人攻击的堡垒而屹立。
C1 noun ɪˌlæˈstɪs.ə.ti

elasticity

弹性
Meaning
The responsiveness of demand or supply to changes in price.
Example
The elasticity of demand for luxury goods is high.
奢侈品的需求弹性很高。
C1 adjective /ˈɡæstrɪk/

gastric

胃的 / 胃部问题
Meaning
Relating to the stomach.
Example
She was prescribed medicine for her gastric problems.
她被开了治疗胃病的药。
C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

社会政治
Meaning
Combining social and political factors.
Example
Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.
社会政治因素经常影响公共政策决策。
C1 noun /ɪkˈskriːʃən/

excretion

排泄
Meaning
the process of eliminating waste matter from the body
Example
Excretion is vital for maintaining a healthy body.
排泄对保持健康的身体至关重要。
C1 noun /təˈbuː/

taboo

Meaning
a social or cultural prohibition against certain practices or discussions
Example
Talking about money is considered a taboo in some cultures.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsek.tɪ.saɪd/

Insecticide

杀虫剂
Meaning
a substance used for killing insects; a chemical pesticide that targets insects
Example
The farmer sprayed insecticide on his crops to protect them from harmful bugs.
农民在作物上喷洒杀虫剂，以保护它们免受有害昆虫的侵害。
C1 noun /fəˈnætɪsɪzəm/

fanaticism

狂热
Meaning
the quality of being fanatical; extreme zeal or obsession
Example
Religious fanaticism can lead to intolerance and conflict.
宗教狂热可能导致不宽容和冲突。
C1 verb /ˈstaɪfəld/

stifled

压制
Meaning
to suppress, hold back, or prevent something from happening
Example
He stifled a laugh during the serious meeting.
他在严肃的会议中压制了笑声。
C1 noun /pəˈpaɪrəs/

papyrus

纸莎草
Meaning
An ancient writing material made from the pith of the papyrus plant; also refers to the plant itself.
Example
The ancient scroll was written on papyrus.
古老的卷轴是用纸莎草写的。
C1 noun /ˌkɒn.təmˈpleɪ.ʃən/

contemplation

深思
Meaning
The action of looking thoughtfully at something for a long time; deep reflective thought.
Example
She sat in contemplation before making her decision.
她在做出决定之前沉思了很久。
C1 verb /ˈdɪsləkeɪt/

dislocate

脱臼
Meaning
To disturb the normal position of something, especially a joint in the body.
Example
He dislocated his shoulder while playing football.
他在踢足球时脱臼了肩膀。
C1 adjective /ˈpɔːltri/

paltry

微不足道, 微小
Meaning
small or meager; lacking in value or importance
Example
They offered him a paltry sum for his work.
他们为他的工作提供了微不足道的报酬。
C1 noun /mɪˈlɪʃə/

militia

民兵
Meaning
a group of ordinary people who are trained to act as soldiers in emergencies
Example
The village formed a militia to defend against attacks.
村庄组成了一支民兵，以防范攻击。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəbˈtruːsɪv/

unobtrusive

不引人注目
Meaning
not attracting attention; blending in without causing notice
Example
The security cameras are designed to be unobtrusive.
安全摄像头被设计成不引人注目。
C1 adjective /ˌhɛtərəˈʤiːniəs/

heterogeneous

异质的
Meaning
consisting of different kinds or diverse elements
Example
The classroom was filled with a heterogeneous group of students.
教室里充满了一个异质的学生群体。
C1 noun /rɪˈpɑːzɪtɔːri/

repository

仓库
Meaning
a place where things are stored or kept for safekeeping
Example
The library serves as a repository of knowledge.
图书馆作为知识的仓库。
C1 verb prəˈpel

propel

推动
Meaning
To drive, push, or cause to move in a particular direction, typically forward.
Example
Lack of proper guidance can propel adolescents toward delinquency.
缺乏适当的指导可能会推动青少年走向犯罪。
C1 noun /ˌmiːdɪˈeɪʃən/

mediation

调解
Meaning
Intervention between parties to promote reconciliation, settlement, or compromise.
Example
The mediation helped resolve the conflict between the two teams.
调解帮助解决了两队之间的冲突。
C1 verb /ˈliːɡəlaɪz/

legalize

合法化
Meaning
To make something lawful by official approval.
Example
The government decided to legalize online businesses.
政府决定合法化在线业务。
C1 verb /ˈkæp.saɪz/

capsize

翻覆
Meaning
to overturn in the water
Example
The small fishing boat capsized during the storm.
小渔船在风暴中翻覆。
C1 noun /ɪmˈprɪzənmənt/

imprisonment

监禁
Meaning
the act of putting someone in prison; the state of being confined as punishment
Example
He faced imprisonment for violating the court order.
他因违反法院命令而面临监禁。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnprɪˈtɛnʃəs/

unpretentious

谦虚的
Meaning
modest; not attempting to impress others with appearance or importance
Example
She lives in an unpretentious home but is very happy.
她住在一个谦虚的家里，但非常快乐。
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfɪˈdɑːnt/

confidante

知己
Meaning
A woman with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting her not to repeat it.
Example
The queen’s maid became her most trusted confidante.
皇后的女仆成为了她最信任的知己。
C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

turbulent

动荡
Meaning
Characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not stable or calm.
Example
The country went through a turbulent period of political change.
这个国家经历了一个动荡的政治变革时期。
C1 adjective /klænˈdɛstaɪn/

clandestine

Meaning
kept secret or done secretly, especially for illicit purposes
Example
They held a clandestine meeting late at night.
C1 noun /ˈkæn.ə.pi/

canopy

森林的上层，由树冠形成; 上方遮蔽
Meaning
The upper layer of a forest formed by the crowns of trees; overhead cover.
Example
The rainforest canopy provides shelter to many birds and insects.
雨林的天篷为许多鸟类和昆虫提供庇护。
C1 noun /ˈbaɪ.lɔː/

by-law

地方性法规
Meaning
A rule made by a company, organization, or local authority to control the actions of its members.
Example
The city council passed a new by-law regulating street vendors.
市议会通过了一项新的地方法规，规范街头小贩。
C1 noun /ˈkɑːmənˌwɛlθ/

commonwealth

英联邦
Meaning
an independent community or state, especially one founded for the common good; also an association of nations
Example
Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
澳大利亚是英联邦国家的成员。
C1 adjective /ˈdʒiː.ni.əl/

genial

亲切
Meaning
friendly, cheerful, and pleasant
Example
She greeted us with a genial smile.
她带着一个亲切的微笑迎接我们。
C1 noun /ˈskælpəl/

scalpel

手术刀
Meaning
A small and extremely sharp bladed instrument used for surgery and dissection.
Example
The surgeon carefully used a scalpel to make the first incision.
外科医生小心地使用手术刀进行第一次切割。
C1 noun /ˈplʌn.dər.ər/

Plunderer

掠夺者
Meaning
a person who steals goods, especially during war or civil disorder
Example
The plunderers ransacked the village after the battle.
掠夺者在战斗后劫掠了村庄。
C1 noun /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

amplification

放大
Meaning
the act or process of making something stronger, louder, or more intense; an expansion or elaboration of details
Example
The microphone provides amplification of the speaker’s voice.
麦克风对说话者的声音起到放大作用。
C1 adjective, noun /əbˈzɔːrbənt/

absorbent

吸收性的
Meaning
able to soak up liquid, moisture, or energy easily; a material or substance that absorbs
Example
This towel is highly absorbent and dries quickly.
这条毛巾非常吸收性，而且干得很快。
C1 noun /ˈɒstrəsɪzəm/

ostracism

排斥
Meaning
The act of excluding someone from a group or society.
Example
The student faced ostracism after breaking the rules.
学生在违反规则后遭受了排斥。
C1 noun /ˌdiːˈmer.ɪt/

Demerit

过错; 缺点; 由于过错或违法行为而给出的标记
Meaning
a fault or disadvantage; a mark given for a fault or offense
Example
The student received a demerit for arriving late to class repeatedly.
学生因为多次迟到而得到了一个德梅里特。
C1 noun /rəˈviːn/

ravine

峡谷
Meaning
A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
Example
The river carved a deep ravine through the mountains.
河流在山脉中切割出一条深深的峡谷。
C1 adjective /ˈlætərəl/

lateral

侧面
Meaning
Relating to the side or sideways movement.
Example
The football player made a quick lateral pass.
足球运动员做了一个快速的侧面传球。
C1 verb, noun /ˈbreɪnˌwɒʃ/

brainwash

洗脑
Meaning
to manipulate someone into adopting certain beliefs by repeated pressure or propaganda; the act or process of such manipulation
Example
The group tried to brainwash new members with constant propaganda.
这个组织试图给新成员洗脑。
C1 verb /ˌkɒndɪˈsɛnd/

condescend

从高处以友善的态度
Meaning
to behave as if one is superior while being gracious to others
Example
He would not condescend to answer such a trivial question.
他不会屈尊回答如此琐碎的问题。
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzæspəˌreɪtɪd/

exasperated

非常恼火
Meaning
greatly annoyed or irritated
Example
She gave him an exasperated look after his repeated mistakes.
在他的重复错误后，她给了他一个非常恼火的眼神。
C1 noun /ˈhɑː.mɪ.saɪd/

Homicide

谋杀
Meaning
the deliberate and unlawful killing of one person by another; murder
Example
The detective was assigned to investigate the homicide that occurred downtown last night.
侦探被指派调查昨晚发生在市中心的谋杀案。
C1 verb /ˈhɪpnətaɪz/

hypnotize

催眠
Meaning
to put someone into a state of hypnosis; to influence someone's mind deeply
Example
The magician tried to hypnotize the audience.
魔术师试图催眠观众。
C1 noun /pərˈvɜr.sə.ti/

Perversity

堕落; 顽固;
Meaning
deliberate determination to behave in an unreasonable or unacceptable way; the quality of being contrary or obstinate
Example
His perversity in refusing help frustrated everyone.
他拒绝帮助的堕落让所有人都沮丧。
C1 verb /kənˈviːn/

convene

集合，召集会议或集会
Meaning
to come together or assemble, especially for a meeting or formal gathering
Example
The board will convene tomorrow to discuss the new policy.
董事会将在明天召开，讨论新的政策。
C1 adjective /ˌaɪdiəˈlɪstɪk/

Idealistic

理想主义的
Meaning
pursuing high principles or ideals; unrealistically optimistic
Example
She has an idealistic view of changing the world.
她对改变世界有着理想主义的看法。
C1 verb /kənˈsɛptʃuəlaɪz/

conceptualize

构思
Meaning
to form an idea or concept of something in your mind
Example
The artist conceptualized a new design for the exhibition.
艺术家为展览构思了一个新的设计。
C1 adjective /kəmˈplaɪənt/

compliant

顺从
Meaning
Willing to agree with or follow rules, requests, or demands.
Example
She was compliant with all the safety requirements.
她遵守了所有安全要求。
C1 noun dɪˈskrep.ən.siz

discrepancies

差异
Meaning
Differences between things that should be the same
Example
Discrepancies in regulations delay progress.
规则中的差异延迟了进展。
C1 noun dɪˈspær.ə.ti

disparity

差异
Meaning
A great difference or inequality.
Example
Disparity between countries must be reduced.
国家之间的差异必须减少。
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzɔːlt/

exalt

Meaning
to praise highly or raise in rank, honor, or power
Example
The community exalted the teacher for his dedication.
C1 noun /ˈhaɪ.drəʊˌpaʊər ˌdʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

hydropower generation

水力发电
Meaning
The production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water.
Example
Hydropower generation promotes green energy.
水力发电促进绿色能源。
C1 noun /sɛˈseɪʃən/

cessation

停止
Meaning
The fact or process of ending or being brought to an end.
Example
There was a temporary cessation of hostilities.
敌对行动暂时停止。
C1 adjective /æbˈdɑː.mə.nəl/

abdominal

腹部的
Meaning
relating to the abdomen (the part of the body between the chest and pelvis)
Example
He complained of severe abdominal pain.
他抱怨剧烈的腹部疼痛。
C1 verb /ɪˈloʊp/

elope

偷偷结婚
Meaning
to run away secretly in order to get married, especially without parental consent
Example
The young couple decided to elope to another city.
这对年轻情侣决定逃到另一个城市结婚。
C1 adjective /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊzd/

predisposed

倾向
Meaning
Likely or inclined to be affected by something in advance.
Example
She is predisposed to trust people easily.
她容易轻易相信别人。
C1 noun /lɪˈɡæl.ə.ti/

Legality

合法性
Meaning
the quality or state of being legal; accordance with the law
Example
The lawyer questioned the legality of the contract.
律师质疑合同的合法性。
C1 noun /ˈʌp.raɪt.nəs/

Uprightness

正直; 正义
Meaning
the quality of being honest and morally correct; integrity
Example
His uprightness in business dealings earned him great respect.
他在商业中的正直赢得了很大的尊重。
C1 noun /ˈɛksɜːrpt/

excerpt

摘录
Meaning
A short portion taken from a text, film, or piece of music.
Example
The teacher read an excerpt from the novel.
老师读了小说中的一段摘录。
C1 noun /brəˈzɪər/

Brassiere

胸罩
Meaning
a woman's undergarment designed to support the breasts
Example
She bought a comfortable brassiere for daily wear.
她买了一件舒适的胸罩，适合日常穿着。
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪkəl/

satirical

讽刺的
Meaning
containing or using satire to criticize or mock
Example
The satirical cartoon mocked the government's new policy.
讽刺漫画嘲笑了政府的新政策。
C1 noun ˈkætəlɪst

catalyst

催化剂
Meaning
A person or thing that precipitates an event or change.
Example
His speech acted as a catalyst for change in the community.
他的演讲成为了社区变化的催化剂。
C1 verb /bɪˈhoʊld/

behold

看见；目睹
Meaning
to see or observe something, especially something remarkable or impressive
Example
She stood quietly to behold the sunrise over the hills.
她静静地站着，目睹山上的日出。
C1 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən ˌflaʊ.ər/

Passion flower

激情花
Meaning
A climbing plant with intricate, colorful flowers; also refers to royal poinciana tree with red-orange blooms
Example
The passion flower vine covered the garden wall with beautiful blooms.
激情花藤用美丽的花朵覆盖了花园的墙壁。
C1 verb /stoʊk/

stoke

Meaning
To add fuel to a fire; to encourage or increase a strong feeling or activity.
Example
The politician’s speech stoked anger among the crowd.
C1 noun ˌflʌk.tʃuˈeɪ.ʃən

fluctuation

波动
Meaning
An irregular rising and falling in number or amount; a variation.
Example
The stock market experiences frequent fluctuation.
股市经常经历波动。
C1 verb /ˈrevəl/

revel

陶醉
Meaning
to enjoy oneself in a lively and noisy way; to take great pleasure in
Example
They revel in their success.
他们沉浸在成功中。