antithesis
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C1 noun /ænˈtɪθəsɪs/

antithesis

对立面
Meaning
A person, thing, or idea that is the direct opposite of another; a rhetorical device contrasting opposing ideas in parallel structure.
Example
Love is the antithesis of hate.
爱是仇恨的对立面。
C1 adverb /ˈhʌŋ.ɡrə.li/

Hungrily

饥饿地; 贪婪地; 渴望地
Meaning
in a way that shows hunger; greedily; eagerly
Example
The dog ate hungrily after not eating for hours.
狗在几个小时没吃东西后，饥饿地吃了起来。
C1 adjective kəˈlɒs.əl

Colossal

巨大的
Meaning
Extremely large, gigantic, enormous in size or extent.
Example
The colossal pyramids of Egypt are a marvel of architecture.
埃及的巨大神庙是建筑学的奇迹。
C1 adjective /ˈæmərəs/

amorous

多情的
Meaning
Showing, feeling, or relating to romantic love or desire.
Example
He sent her an amorous letter filled with declarations of love.
他给她写了一封充满爱情宣言的情书。
C1 noun /ˌoʊvərprəˈdʌkʃən/

overproduction

过度生产
Meaning
The act of producing more of something than is needed or can be consumed.
Example
The economic crisis was caused by the overproduction of goods.
经济危机是由商品的过度生产引起的。
C1 adverb /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli/

incidentally

顺便
Meaning
by the way; used to introduce a remark not directly related to the main subject
Example
Incidentally, did you know that she studied in Paris?
顺便问一下，你知道她曾经在巴黎学习吗？
C1 noun /ˈθɪk.ɪt/

Thicket

灌木丛; 茂密的灌木生长
Meaning
a dense group of bushes or trees; a thick growth of shrubs
Example
The rabbit disappeared into the thicket.
兔子消失在灌木丛中。
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːrmətɪv/

normative

规范的
Meaning
relating to rules, standards, or norms that govern behavior or beliefs
Example
The study focused on the normative aspects of cultural behavior.
这项研究集中于文化行为的规范性方面。
C1 noun /mɔːrˈfɑːlədʒi/

morphology

形态学
Meaning
the study of the form and structure of things, especially in language and biology
Example
Morphology studies the structure of words and how they are formed.
形态学研究词汇的结构以及它们是如何形成的。
C1 verb /fɔːrˈʃædoʊ/

foreshadow

预示
Meaning
To indicate or suggest something that will happen in the future
Example
Dark clouds foreshadowed an approaching storm.
乌云预示着即将来临的暴风雨。
C1 noun /blɜːrb/

blurb

宣传描述
Meaning
a short promotional description of a book, product, or service
Example
The back cover had a blurb praising the novel.
封底有一段宣传描述，赞扬这本小说。
C1 noun /əˈluːʒən/

allusion

暗示
Meaning
An indirect reference to something without mentioning it explicitly.
Example
Her story contained an allusion to a famous myth.
她的故事包含了对一个著名神话的暗示。
C1 noun /ˈtreɪ.ki.ə/

Trachea

气管
Meaning
the tube that carries air from the throat to the lungs; windpipe
Example
The trachea is protected by cartilage rings that keep it open.
气管由软骨环保护，保持畅通。
C1 noun /niːʃ/

Niche

市场细分, 专门领域, 目标市场
Meaning
A specialized segment of the market for a particular kind of product or service.
Example
Finding the right niche is key to a successful business.
找到正确的细分市场是成功经营的关键。
C1 noun /ˈpeɪθɒs/

pathos

悲悯
Meaning
a quality in speech, writing, or events that evokes pity or deep emotion
Example
The documentary balanced pathos with hope, making the audience both weep and think.
这部纪录片平衡了悲悯与希望，使观众既流泪又思考。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːtnəs/

incompleteness

不完整性
Meaning
the state of not being complete or whole; lack of necessary parts or fullness
Example
The incompleteness of the report caused delays in the project.
报告的不完整性导致了项目延误。
C1 noun pɔɪz

poise

自信与冷静
Meaning
Natural confidence and composure maintained under pressure.
Example
A good speaker maintains poise under pressure.
一个好的演讲者在压力下保持冷静。
C1 noun /ˈdrɛsˌmeɪkər/

dressmaker

女裁缝
Meaning
A person who makes or alters women's clothing professionally.
Example
The dressmaker crafted a beautiful gown for the bride.
女裁缝为新娘制作了一件漂亮的礼服。
C1 noun /ˈbɪtər ɡɔːrd/

Bitter Gourd

苦瓜
Meaning
a green, bumpy vegetable with a very bitter taste, known for its medicinal properties
Example
Bitter gourd is excellent for controlling blood sugar levels.
苦瓜对于控制血糖水平非常有效。
C1 adjective /ˈdrɪəri/

dreary

沉闷的 / 阴沉的
Meaning
dull, bleak, and lifeless; depressing
Example
The long, dreary winter made everyone feel gloomy.
漫长而阴沉的冬天让每个人都感到沮丧。
C1 adjective /tɔːt/

taut

紧绷
Meaning
stretched or pulled tight; tense
Example
The rope was pulled taut between the two poles.
绳子在两个杆子之间拉得紧绷。
C1 noun /saɪˈkoʊsɪs/

psychosis

精神病
Meaning
A severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are impaired, leading to a loss of contact with reality.
Example
The patient was diagnosed with psychosis after experiencing hallucinations.
病人在经历了幻觉之后被诊断为精神病。
C1 noun /ˈsɔːrsəri/

sorcery

巫术
Meaning
the use of magical powers, especially through spells and enchantments
Example
The villagers believed the illness was caused by sorcery.
村民们相信疾病是由巫术引起的。
C1 adjective tɪˈneɪ.ʃəs

tenacious

顽强
Meaning
Not readily letting go of, giving up, or separated from an object that one holds, a position, or a principle; persistent.
Example
Her tenacious spirit helped her overcome hardships.
她顽强的精神帮助她克服了困难。
C1 noun /ˈɒn.slɔːt/

onslaught

猛攻
Meaning
A fierce or destructive attack.
Example
The village faced an onslaught of enemy forces.
这个村庄面临敌军的猛烈进攻。
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɪə.ləs/

Cheerless

沉闷; 沮丧; 悲伤; 无欢乐
Meaning
lacking happiness or comfort; gloomy; depressing; without cheer
Example
The old house looked cheerless and abandoned in the winter rain.
这座老房子在冬雨中看起来显得沉闷和荒废。
C1 noun /træns/

trance

恍惚
Meaning
a half-conscious state like dreaming, often with loss of awareness of surroundings
Example
She stared out of the window as if in a trance.
她盯着窗外，好像处于恍惚状态。
C1 noun ˌɪn.fɪlˈtreɪ.ʃən

infiltration

渗透，秘密进入
Meaning
The process of entering or gaining access to an organization or place surreptitiously.
Example
Cybersecurity prevents infiltration into sensitive data.
网络安全防止了对敏感数据的渗透。
C1 noun ˈpær.ə.daɪm

paradigm

范式
Meaning
A typical example or pattern of something; a model or framework for understanding or approaching something.
Example
The paradigm of education is changing with digital technology.
教育的范式正在随着数字技术而改变。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

无懈可击
Meaning
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Example
Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.
她的判断在财务问题上似乎无懈可击。
C1 noun /ˈʃeɪvɪŋ/

shaving

剃须
Meaning
the act of removing hair with a razor; a thin strip or piece shaved from something
Example
He bought a new cream for shaving.
他买了一款新的剃须膏。
C1 noun /ˈtrɪnɪti/

trinity

三位一体
Meaning
a group of three closely related things; in Christianity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit
Example
The museum’s exhibit focused on a trinity of themes: memory, identity, and power.
博物馆的展览专注于三种主题的三位一体：记忆、身份和力量。
C1 verb /ˈreɪdieɪt/

radiate

辐射
Meaning
to emit energy or light; to spread out from a center
Example
The fireplace radiates warmth throughout the room.
壁炉向整个房间辐射热量。
C1 preposition /əˈtɒp/

atop

顶部
Meaning
on the top of something
Example
A flag was placed atop the tower.
一面旗帜被放置在塔顶。
C1 adjective ˈeɪlɪəneɪtɪd

alienated

疏远
Meaning
Feeling isolated or estranged; disconnected from others or society.
Example
Alienated students are more prone to delinquency.
疏远的学生更容易陷入犯罪。
C1 noun /ˈmɒk.ər.i/

Mockery

嘲笑; 讽刺;
Meaning
teasing and contemptuous language or behavior; ridicule
Example
His speech was met with mockery from the audience.
他的演讲遭到了观众的嘲笑。
C1 adjective /əˈbreɪsɪv/

abrasive

Meaning
harsh, rough, or capable of wearing down by rubbing
Example
His abrasive tone made everyone uncomfortable.
C1 noun /ɡruːv/

groove

沟槽 / 节奏
Meaning
a long narrow cut or depression, or a rhythmic pattern in music
Example
The DJ kept the crowd dancing to the groove.
DJ让人群跟随节奏跳舞。
C1 adjective /əˈluːf/

aloof

冷漠
Meaning
Not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
Example
He remained aloof during the entire discussion.
他在整个讨论过程中都显得冷漠。
C1 adjective /ɪˈkwɛstriən/

equestrian

骑术的
Meaning
Relating to horse riding or horseback riders.
Example
She won several equestrian competitions.
她赢得了几场马术比赛。
C1 noun /ˈæk.jʊ.mən/

acumen

敏锐
Meaning
The ability to make good judgments and quick decisions; keenness and depth of perception.
Example
His business acumen helped the company grow rapidly.
他的商业敏锐帮助公司迅速成长。
C1 noun /ˈpæstər/

pastor

牧师
Meaning
a minister in charge of a Christian church or congregation
Example
The pastor delivered a heartfelt sermon on compassion.
牧师讲了一场充满同情的讲道。
C1 noun səˈfɪʃənsi

sufficiency

充足性
Meaning
The condition of being adequate or enough; adequacy.
Example
The sufficiency of food supply is critical for survival.
食品供应的充足性对于生存至关重要。
C1 noun /krəˈvæs/

crevasse

深裂缝
Meaning
a deep crack in a glacier or the earth’s surface
Example
The climbers carefully crossed the icy crevasse.
登山者小心地越过了冰冷的裂缝。
C1 noun /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/

calligraphy

美丽且装饰性的书写艺术
Meaning
The art of beautiful and decorative handwriting.
Example
She took a course to improve her calligraphy skills.
她参加了一个课程来提高她的书法技能。
C1 verb /dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪ/

dissatisfy

使不满
Meaning
to fail to please or meet expectations; to make someone unhappy
Example
The poor service dissatisfies many customers.
糟糕的服务让许多顾客不满意。
C1 noun /ˈlaɪtʃi/

Litchi

荔枝
Meaning
a small oval pink-red tropical fruit with white translucent flesh and sweet taste
Example
The litchi has a rough pink shell that you peel to eat the sweet white fruit inside.
荔枝有一层粗糙的粉红色外皮，你剥开它就可以吃到里面甜美的白色果实。
C1 noun /ˈmɛləˌdrɑːmə/

melodrama

夸张的戏剧
Meaning
A dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting events intended to appeal to the emotions.
Example
The movie was criticized for its excessive melodrama.
这部电影因其过度的戏剧性而受到批评。
C1 noun /frɪndʒ/

fringe

装饰边缘 / 边界
Meaning
A decorative border of threads; the outer edge or margin of something.
Example
The festival had a fringe of small independent performances.
节日有一条小型独立表演的边缘。
C1 verb /ˈvæŋkwɪʃ/

vanquish

征服
Meaning
to defeat thoroughly, especially in battle or competition
Example
The army vanquished its enemies with superior strategy.
军队以优越的战略打败了敌人。
C1 verb /praɪ/

pry

窥探 / 干涉
Meaning
to look closely into something; to try to find out private information
Example
She tried to pry into her neighbor’s private life.
她试图窥探她邻居的私人生活。
C1 noun rɪˌkuːpərˈeɪʃən

recuperation

恢复
Meaning
The process of gradually recovering from illness or fatigue
Example
Rest is essential for recuperation after illness.
休息对疾病后的恢复至关重要。
C1 noun /ˈtoʊɡə/

toga

托加
Meaning
A loose outer garment worn in ancient Rome, typically draped over the shoulders and body.
Example
The senator wore a white toga during the ceremony.
参议员在仪式期间穿着白色的托加。
C1 verb /ˈlʌmbər/

lumber

笨重行走
Meaning
to move in a slow, heavy, awkward way
Example
The bear lumbered through the forest in search of food.
那只熊在森林中沉重地走着寻找食物。
C1 noun /ˈɛksədəs/

exodus

大规模撤离
Meaning
A mass departure of people from a place.
Example
There was a sudden exodus of workers after the strike began.
罢工开始后，工人们突然发生了大规模撤离。
C1 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Indecision

优柔寡断; 怀疑; 犹豫不决
Meaning
the inability to make decisions quickly; uncertainty about what to do
Example
Her indecision about which job offer to accept caused her to miss both opportunities.
她对接受哪个工作机会的犹豫导致她错过了两个机会。
C1 adjective /prɪˈtɛnʃəs/

pretentious

做作的
Meaning
Attempting to impress by affecting greater importance, talent, culture, etc., than is actually possessed.
Example
The restaurant was stylish but far too pretentious for my taste.
餐厅很时尚，但对我的口味来说太做作了。
C1 verb /bæsk/

bask

晒太阳
Meaning
to lie in warmth and light; to enjoy something pleasurable
Example
The cat basks in the sunny window.
猫在阳光明媚的窗台上晒太阳。
C1 noun /ˈoʊvərˌsiːər/

overseer

监督员
Meaning
a person who supervises work or workers; a manager
Example
The overseer made sure the workers followed safety rules.
监督员确保工人遵守安全规则。
C1 adjective ˈkrɪp.tɪk

cryptic

神秘的, 隐晦的, 模糊的
Meaning
Having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure; difficult to understand.
Example
The message was cryptic and hard to decipher.
消息是神秘的，很难解读。
C1 noun dɪˈdʒɛnəˌreɪtɪv dɪˈzizɪz

degenerative diseases

退行性疾病
Meaning
Medical conditions that involve the deterioration or progressive decline of tissues, organs, or functions
Example
Degenerative diseases are common in an aging population.
退行性疾病在老龄化人口中很常见。
C1 verb /ˌriːhəˈbɪlɪteɪt/

rehabilitate

Meaning
to restore someone to health, normal life, or a good condition after illness, injury, or imprisonment
Example
The clinic helps rehabilitate injured athletes.
C1 adjective /mʌnˈdeɪn/

mundane

平凡
Meaning
lacking interest or excitement; dull and ordinary
Example
She tried to escape her mundane routine by traveling.
她试图通过旅行逃避她平凡的日常。
C1 adjective /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsnt/

convalescent

恢复中的，正在从疾病或治疗中恢复
Meaning
recovering from an illness or medical treatment
Example
The hospital has a special ward for convalescent patients.
医院有一个特别的病房，供恢复中的病人使用。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈkæni/

uncanny

不可思议
Meaning
Strange or mysterious, especially in an unsettling way.
Example
She has an uncanny ability to predict the future.
她有一种不可思议的能力来预测未来。
C1 noun ˌpraɪ.vɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

privatization

私有化
Meaning
The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.
Example
The privatization of state-owned companies increased efficiency.
国有企业的私有化提高了效率。
C1 verb koʊˈɜrs

coerce

强迫
Meaning
To force someone to do something against their will using threats or intimidation.
Example
The manager tried to coerce the employees into working overtime.
经理试图迫使员工加班。
C1 verb, noun /ɡɔːrdʒ/

gorge

贪婪地吃 / 山间狭谷
Meaning
to eat greedily; a narrow valley between mountains or hills
Example
They gorged themselves on pizza after the hike.
他们在徒步旅行后大快朵颐地吃了比萨。
C1 noun /ˈrɒndɪvuː/

rendezvous

约会
Meaning
a meeting or appointment at an agreed time and place
Example
They arranged a secret rendezvous at the café.
他们在咖啡馆安排了一次秘密的会面。
C1 noun/adjective ˈflɛdʒ.lɪŋ

fledgling

初学者, 没有经验, 新成立的
Meaning
New, inexperienced, newly established.
Example
The fledgling startup needs investment.
这个新成立的公司需要投资。
C1 adjective /ˈraɪtfəl/

rightful

合法的
Meaning
having a legitimate or just claim; proper or lawful
Example
She is the rightful owner of the property.
她是该财产的合法所有者。
C1 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv/

vegetative

与生长或生命的基本过程相关，通常没有意识的思考或活动
Meaning
relating to growth or the basic processes of life, often without conscious thought or activity
Example
The patient remained in a vegetative state after the accident.
事故发生后，病人保持在植物状态。
C1 noun /ˈæntənɪm/

antonym

反义词
Meaning
A word opposite in meaning to another.
Example
‘Hot’ is the antonym of ‘cold’.
‘Hot’ 是 ‘cold’ 的反义词。
C1 noun /ˈvɪstə/

vista

景观
Meaning
A pleasing view, especially one seen through a long, narrow opening.
Example
From the mountain top, we admired the breathtaking vista of the valley below.
从山顶，我们欣赏到山谷下方令人叹为观止的景观。
C1 adjective /ˈnæs.ənt/

nascent

初生的
Meaning
Emerging, developing, or in the early stages of formation
Example
The nascent technology is revolutionizing industries.
初生的技术正在革命化各行各业。
C1 noun /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

euthanasia

安乐死
Meaning
The practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.
Example
The debate about euthanasia raises difficult ethical questions.
关于安乐死的辩论提出了困难的伦理问题。
C1 noun /kənˈfɛdərəsi/

confederacy

联邦
Meaning
a group of states, people, or organizations united for a common purpose
Example
The southern states formed a confederacy during the civil war.
南方各州在内战期间组成了联邦。
C1 noun /dɪˈsaɪ.pəl/

Disciple

弟子; 信徒
Meaning
a follower and student of a teacher, leader, or philosopher; devoted follower
Example
The famous philosopher had many disciples who spread his teachings worldwide.
那位著名的哲学家有许多弟子，他们将他的教义传播到世界各地。
C1 noun /ˌætəˈʃeɪ/

attache

外交参赞
Meaning
A person officially assigned to the staff of a diplomatic mission, often with a specific area of responsibility.
Example
The cultural attache organized an art exhibition in the embassy.
文化参赞在大使馆组织了一场艺术展览。
C1 noun /wɪsp/

wisp

一小束或一片
Meaning
A small thin or twisted bunch, piece, or amount of something.
Example
A wisp of smoke rose from the chimney.
一缕烟雾从烟囱升起。
C1 verb /bɪˈstoʊ/

bestow

授予
Meaning
To give or present something as a gift or honor.
Example
The king bestowed honors upon the brave soldiers.
国王授予勇敢的士兵荣誉。
C1 noun /ˈvænɡɑːrd/

vanguard

先锋
Meaning
the forefront of an action, movement, or military force
Example
The company is at the vanguard of technological innovation.
该公司处于技术创新的先锋地位。
C1 noun ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌktʃərəl dɪˈveləpmənt

infrastructural development

基础设施发展
Meaning
The process of building and improving the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
Example
Infrastructural development is necessary for efficient recycling.
基础设施发展对高效的回收至关重要。
C1 noun /kəmˈpəʊ.ʒər/

composure

冷静和自我控制的状态
Meaning
The state or feeling of being calm and in control of oneself.
Example
She maintained her composure during the interview.
她在面试中保持了冷静。
C1 noun /ˈsɛpərətɪst/

separatist

分裂主义者
Meaning
A person who supports the separation of a group from a larger body, often for political or cultural independence.
Example
The separatist group demanded independence from the central government.
分裂主义者要求中央政府独立。
C1 noun ˈkɑːr.bən ˌsiː.kwəˈstreɪ.ʃən

carbon sequestration

碳封存
Meaning
The process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate or defer global warming.
Example
Forests play a key role in carbon sequestration.
森林在碳封存中发挥关键作用。
C1 adjective /ˌmʌltɪˈfæsɪtɪd/

multifaceted

多面性的
Meaning
Having many different aspects or features
Example
The multifaceted approach to the problem resulted in innovative solutions.
多面性的处理方式导致了创新的解决方案。
C1 noun /pækt/

Pact

协议；契约
Meaning
a formal agreement between individuals or parties; a treaty or contract
Example
The two countries signed a peace pact to end the war.
两国签署了一项和平协议以结束战争。
C1 noun /ˈaʊtriːtʃ/

outreach

援助扩展
Meaning
The act of providing services or support to people who might not otherwise have access to them.
Example
The charity launched a new outreach program for the homeless.
慈善机构为无家可归的人推出了一个新的援助扩展计划。
C1 noun /ˌdɛməˈlɪʃən/

demolition

拆除
Meaning
the act or process of destroying a building or structure
Example
The demolition of the old factory took several weeks.
拆除旧工厂花了好几个星期。
C1 noun /ˌmæn.ɪ.fɛsˈteɪ.ʃən/

manifestation

表现
Meaning
A visible form or expression of an idea, concept, or feeling; the action of displaying or showing.
Example
His generosity was a manifestation of his kind nature.
他的慷慨是他善良本性的表现。
C1 verb /ɪmˈplɔːr/

implore

Meaning
To beg someone earnestly or desperately to do something.
Example
She implored him to stay with her.
C1 verb /ˈrɪvɪt/

rivet

用铆钉固定 / 吸引注意
Meaning
to fasten or secure with a rivet; to hold someone’s attention firmly
Example
The craftsman riveted the metal plates together.
工匠用铆钉把金属板固定在一起。
C1 phrase ˌbaɪ.oʊ.daɪˈvɜː.sɪ.ti ˌprez.əˈveɪ.ʃən

biodiversity preservation

生物多样性保护
Meaning
The protection and conservation of the variety of life in all its forms, including different species, genetic diversity, and ecosystems.
Example
Biodiversity preservation is critical for ecological balance.
生物多样性保护对生态平衡至关重要。
C1 adjective /trænsˈluːsənt/

translucent

半透明
Meaning
allowing light to pass through, but not clearly enough to see detailed images
Example
She placed the flower in a translucent vase.
她把花放在一个半透明的花瓶里。
C1 adjective /dɪˈpreɪvd/

depraved

堕落的
Meaning
morally corrupt or wicked
Example
The film depicts the life of a depraved criminal.
这部电影描述了一个堕落罪犯的生活。
C1 noun /ˈkɒz.moʊs/

Cosmos

宇宙花
Meaning
a colorful annual flower with daisy-like blooms and feathery foliage
Example
The cosmos flowers swayed gently in the summer breeze across the meadow.
宇宙花在夏季的微风中轻轻摇摆，穿过草地。
C1 noun /brəˈzɪər/

Brassiere

胸罩
Meaning
a woman's undergarment designed to support the breasts
Example
She bought a comfortable brassiere for daily wear.
她买了一件舒适的胸罩，适合日常穿着。
C1 adjective /ɔːˈstɪə/

austere

严格，简朴
Meaning
Severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance; plain and simple.
Example
The monk lived an austere life in the mountains.
和尚在山中过着严格的生活。
C1 noun /tækˈsɒnəmi/

taxonomy

分类科学
Meaning
The science or practice of classifying things, especially organisms.
Example
Modern taxonomy helps scientists organize and study biodiversity.
现代分类学帮助科学家组织和研究生物多样性。
C1 noun /koʊˈhɪr.əns/

coherence

一致性
Meaning
The quality of being logical and consistent; forming a unified whole.
Example
The essay lacked coherence, making it hard to follow.
这篇文章缺乏一致性，难以理解。
C1 adjective /kənˈspɪkjuəs/

conspicuous

显眼的
Meaning
Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.
Example
Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party.
她的红色裙子使她在派对上显眼。
C1 noun /pəˈraɪə/

pariah

弃儿
Meaning
An outcast; someone who is rejected by society or a social group.
Example
After the scandal, he became a social pariah.
丑闻过后，他成了一个社会弃儿。
C1 noun /ˌɛksɛnˈtrɪsəti/

eccentricity

怪癖
Meaning
the quality of being unconventional or slightly strange
Example
His eccentricity made him both admired and misunderstood.
他的怪癖使他既受到钦佩也被误解。
C1 adjective /nɑːkˈtɜr.nəl/

Nocturnal

夜行性
Meaning
active at night; happening during the night
Example
Owls are nocturnal animals that hunt at night.
猫头鹰是夜间活动的动物，在晚上捕猎。
C1 adjective /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

physiological

与身体功能和活动相关
Meaning
Relating to bodily functions and activities.
Example
Exercise improves physiological functions of the body.
运动改善身体的生理功能。
C1 noun /ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/

anguish

痛苦
Meaning
Severe mental or physical pain or suffering.
Example
She was in deep anguish after hearing the tragic news.
听到悲惨的消息后，她陷入了深深的痛苦。
C1 adjective /ˌʃoʊ.vəˈnɪs.tɪk/

chauvinistic

沙文主义
Meaning
Displaying or characterized by excessive or prejudiced loyalty or support, especially towards one's own gender or group.
Example
His chauvinistic attitude alienated many of his female colleagues.
他的沙文主义态度疏远了许多女性同事。
C1 noun /ˈpɛdəstəl/

pedestal

基座 / 台座
Meaning
the base or support on which a statue or object stands
Example
The statue was placed on a marble pedestal.
雕像被放置在大理石基座上。
C1 noun /səbˈmɪtəl/

submittal

提交
Meaning
the act of submitting something, especially a document for consideration or approval
Example
The contractor sent the submittal to the client for approval.
承包商将提交给客户以供批准。
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˈdʒɛkʃən/

interjection

感叹词
Meaning
a word or phrase used to express sudden emotion or reaction, often standing alone
Example
Words like 'wow' and 'ouch' are common interjections in English.
像 '哇' 和 '哎呀' 这样的词是英语中常见的感叹词。
C1 noun /pæŋ/

pang

突如其来的剧烈疼痛或情绪痛苦
Meaning
a sudden sharp feeling of pain or emotional distress
Example
She felt a pang of guilt after the argument.
她在争论后感到一阵内疚的疼痛。
C1 verb /ɪˈspaʊz/

espouse

支持
Meaning
To adopt or support a cause, belief, or way of life.
Example
She espoused the philosophy of nonviolence throughout her career.
她在整个职业生涯中支持了非暴力的哲学。
C1 noun /pəˈtɜːrnəti/

paternity

父亲身份
Meaning
The state of being someone's father.
Example
He demanded a paternity test to confirm his relationship with the child.
他要求进行亲子鉴定，以确认他与孩子的关系。
C1 noun /ˈfjuː.tʃə.rɪst/

futurist

未来主义者
Meaning
A person who studies or predicts the future, especially trends in science, technology, or society.
Example
The futurist predicted major changes in transportation within the next decade.
未来主义者预测了下一个十年交通运输的重大变化。
C1 noun /kəˈθɑːrsɪs/

catharsis

情感宣泄
Meaning
The process of releasing strong emotions, providing relief.
Example
Writing in her diary was a form of catharsis for her.
在她的日记中写作对她来说是一种情感宣泄的方式。
C1 noun /ˈskeɪ.biːz/

Scabies

疥疮
Meaning
a contagious skin disease caused by mites that causes intense itching
Example
The doctor diagnosed him with scabies after examining the rash.
医生在检查了皮疹后诊断他为疥疮。
C1 adjective /ˈhɔːltɪŋ/

halting

犹豫不决
Meaning
slow and hesitant, especially due to lack of confidence
Example
She gave a halting reply during the interview.
她在面试中给出了迟疑的回答。
C1 verb /ˈkɒŋɡrɪɡeɪt/

congregate

聚集, 集合
Meaning
to gather together in a group; to assemble
Example
People congregate in the town square every evening.
人们每天晚上都会在市中心的广场上聚集。
C1 adjective, noun /ɪnˈdɪkətɪv/

indicative

指示性
Meaning
Serving as a sign or expression of something; in grammar, a mood used to make factual statements.
Example
His tone was indicative of his frustration.
他的语气表明了他的沮丧。
C1 verb /trəˈvɜːrs/

traverse

穿越
Meaning
To travel across or through something.
Example
They traversed the desert on camels.
他们骑着骆驼穿越沙漠。