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C1 adverb /əˈlɒft/

aloft

高空
Meaning
Up in or into the air; overhead.
Example
The kite was flying aloft in the clear sky.
风筝在晴空中高飞。
C1 noun /ˈpær.ət biːk/

Parrot Beak

鹦鹉嘴
Meaning
a climbing plant with curved red and orange flowers resembling a parrot's beak
Example
The parrot beak flower's unique curved shape makes it a fascinating addition to any garden.
鹦鹉嘴花独特的弯曲形状使它成为任何花园中迷人的补充。
C1 noun /ˈtæn.ər/

tanner

制革工
Meaning
A person whose job is to tan animal hides to make leather.
Example
The tanner worked long hours to produce fine leather.
这位制革工人加班工作以生产优质皮革。
C1 noun /ˈskævɪndʒər/

scavenger

食尸者 / 垃圾收集者
Meaning
an animal or person that feeds on dead or discarded material
Example
Vultures are natural scavengers that clean up the environment.
秃鹫是自然的清道夫，清理环境。
C1 adverb /ˈrɪdʒɪdli/

Rigidly

严格地; 不妥协地
Meaning
in a strict, inflexible manner; without compromise
Example
The rules are rigidly enforced in this institution.
这些规则在这个机构中被严格执行。
C1 adjective /ˈprevələnt/

Prevalent

普遍的
Meaning
widespread; existing very commonly; generally occurring
Example
Smoking is still prevalent among teenagers despite health warnings.
尽管有健康警告，青少年中仍然普遍吸烟。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɛrənt/

inherent

固有的
Meaning
Existing in something as a natural, permanent, or essential quality.
Example
There are inherent risks in extreme sports.
极限运动中存在固有的风险。
C1 verb /ɡloʊt/

gloat

幸灾乐祸
Meaning
To take pleasure in someone else's misfortune or to show smug satisfaction.
Example
He couldn't help but gloat over his rival's failure.
他忍不住对竞争对手的失败感到幸灾乐祸。
C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

僵局
Meaning
A situation where no progress is possible.
Example
The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.
谈判陷入僵局，导致协议被推迟。
C1 noun kəˈlæt.ər.əl

collateral

作为贷款担保的财产
Meaning
Something pledged as security for repayment of a loan, to be forfeited in the event of a default.
Example
The bank requires collateral for loan approval.
银行要求贷款批准时提供担保物品。
C1 noun ɡrɪt

grit

毅力
Meaning
Long-term determination and perseverance in the face of hardship and challenges.
Example
His grit and hard work led him to success.
他的毅力和努力工作让他获得了成功。
C1 noun /ˈken.əl/

Kennel

狗舍; 养犬或寄养犬的场所
Meaning
a small shelter for a dog; an establishment for the breeding or boarding of dogs
Example
The dog slept comfortably in his wooden kennel in the backyard.
狗狗在后院的木狗舍里舒适地睡着了。
C1 noun /rɪt/

writ

法院命令
Meaning
A formal written order issued by a court.
Example
The judge issued a writ of habeas corpus.
法官发布了人身保护令。
C1 noun /ˈʃɪvəlri/

chivalry

骑士精神
Meaning
The medieval knightly system with its moral, social, and religious code; courteous behavior, especially toward women.
Example
The knight lived by the code of chivalry.
骑士遵循骑士精神的规范。
C1 adjective /ˈbed.rɪd.ən/

Bedridden

卧床不起
Meaning
confined to bed; unable to leave one's bed due to illness or infirmity
Example
The elderly man has been bedridden for several months.
这位年长的男士已经卧床不起好几个月了。
C1 noun, verb /slɜːr/

slur

侮辱 / 轻蔑的评论
Meaning
An insulting remark or suggestion; or to speak indistinctly.
Example
He made a slur against her character.
他对她的品格做出了侮辱性的评论。
C1 verb /ˈskruː.tɪ.naɪz/

scrutinize

仔细检查或检查
Meaning
Examine or inspect closely and thoroughly.
Example
The scientist scrutinized the data before publishing his findings.
科学家在发布他的发现之前仔细检查了数据。
C1 noun /məˈtɪəriəlɪzəm/

Materialism

物质主义
Meaning
A tendency to consider material possessions more important than spiritual values
Example
The rise of materialism in modern society concerns many philosophers.
现代社会物质主义的崛起让许多哲学家感到担忧。
C1 noun /prɪˈrɒɡətɪv/

prerogative

特权
Meaning
a special right or privilege exclusive to a particular person or group
Example
It is the manager’s prerogative to make the final decision.
这是经理做出最终决定的特权。
C1 adjective /kənˈtɪn.ju.əl/

Continual

持续的；不停的
Meaning
happening repeatedly over a long period of time; constant and uninterrupted
Example
The continual noise from the construction site was very annoying.
来自建筑工地的持续噪音非常让人烦恼。
C1 noun /ˈwɔːkɪŋ fɪʃ/

Walking-fish

步行鱼
Meaning
a fish that can move on land using its fins and breathe air for extended periods
Example
The walking-fish can travel across dry land to find new water sources.
步行鱼可以穿越干燥的土地找到新的水源。
C1 noun/verb /ˈskɜːrmɪʃ/

skirmish

Meaning
a small or brief fight between groups of soldiers; to engage in such a fight
Example
The soldiers got into a skirmish near the border.
C1 adjective /ˈper.ɪ.ləs/

perilous

危险的, 危险的, 不安全的
Meaning
Full of danger or risk; hazardous and threatening.
Example
The explorers took a perilous journey.
探险家们进行了危险的旅行。
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrlər/

parlor

客厅，商店
Meaning
A sitting room in a private house, or a shop providing specified services.
Example
They welcomed the guests into the front parlor.
他们在前厅迎接了客人。
C1 noun /ˈmɒnəˌlɒɡ/

monologue

独白
Meaning
A long speech by one person, often in a play or performance.
Example
The actor delivered a powerful monologue on stage.
演员在舞台上做了一个强有力的独白。
C1 adjective /ɪˈspeʃəl/

especial

特别
Meaning
Particularly remarkable or significant; distinguished from others
Example
This is an especial opportunity you should not miss.
这是一个你不应错过的特别机会。
C1 noun /ˈtrɪviə/

trivia

琐事
Meaning
Details or information that are considered unimportant or of little value.
Example
The quiz was filled with fun trivia about movies and music.
测验中充满了关于电影和音乐的有趣琐事。
C1 verb ɪˈnɔː.ɡjə.reɪ.tɪd

inaugurated

开幕
Meaning
Begin or introduce (a system, policy, or period) formally.
Example
The organization was inaugurated officially.
该组织已正式开幕。
C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

揉捏
Meaning
to crush something into folds or wrinkles
Example
He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.
他把纸揉成一团丢进了垃圾桶。
C1 verb /ɪnˈsaɪt/

incite

煽动
Meaning
to provoke; to stir up
Example
His speech incited the crowd to violence.
他的演讲激起了人群的暴力。
C1 verb /ˌdɪsˈmaʊnt/

dismount

下马
Meaning
to get off or down from something, especially a horse, bicycle, or motorcycle
Example
The rider dismounted from the horse after a long journey.
骑手在长途旅行后下马。
C1 verb /ˈmʌd.əl/

muddle

搞乱
Meaning
to mix things up in a confused way or to make a mess of something
Example
He muddled the papers and couldn’t find the report.
他把文件搞乱了，找不到报告。
C1 adjective /ˌfʊl ˈbɒd.id/

full-bodied

口感浓烈
Meaning
Having a strong, rich, and robust quality, especially of wine, coffee, or voice.
Example
He prefers a full-bodied red wine with his dinner.
他喜欢与晚餐搭配的口感浓烈的红酒。
C1 noun /skɪt/

skit

小品
Meaning
a short, humorous performance or piece of writing
Example
The students performed a funny skit at the event.
学生们在活动中表演了一个有趣的小品。
C1 verb /ˈpæri/

parry

挡开攻击
Meaning
to ward off or deflect an attack, especially in fencing or conversation
Example
He managed to parry the opponent’s sword with quick reflexes.
他凭借快速的反应成功挡开了对手的剑。
C1 verb /ʃʌn/

Shun

回避
Meaning
to deliberately avoid or stay away from someone or something
Example
He shuns public attention and prefers privacy.
他避开公众注意并偏爱隐私。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

impertinent

无礼的
Meaning
rude and showing a lack of respect
Example
It was impertinent of him to question the manager's decision.
他质疑经理的决定是无礼的。
C1 noun /ˈstætʃər/

stature

声望，身材
Meaning
A person's natural height or their reputation and importance.
Example
Her intellectual stature made her a respected figure in academia.
她的智力声望使她在学术界成为了受人尊敬的人物。
C1 verb rɪˈpel

repel

排斥
Meaning
To push away or force apart due to similar charges or properties.
Example
Protons repel each other.
质子相互排斥。
C1 verb /ˈklæmbər/

clamber

吃力地爬
Meaning
to climb with effort or difficulty, often using both hands and feet
Example
The children clambered over the rocks to reach the cave.
孩子们费力地爬过岩石，到达了洞穴。
C1 noun /ɔːˈdæs.ə.ti/

audacity

胆量
Meaning
The willingness to take bold risks; boldness or fearlessness.
Example
His audacity to question authority was admirable.
他质疑权威的胆量令人钦佩。
C1 noun /ˈtuːsəm/

twosome

一对
Meaning
A pair of people considered together, often in a romantic or competitive context.
Example
They entered the dance competition as a twosome.
他们作为一对参加了舞蹈比赛。
C1 adjective /ˈhiːdləs/

heedless

疏忽
Meaning
showing a reckless lack of care or attention
Example
He drove with heedless disregard for the rules.
他开车时对规则表现出疏忽。
C1 noun /rɪˈkɒnɪsəns/

reconnaissance

侦察
Meaning
A survey or exploration, especially for military or strategic purposes.
Example
The soldiers conducted a reconnaissance of the enemy camp.
士兵们进行了敌营的侦察。
C1 verb /ɪmˈbrɔɪdər/

embroider

刺绣
Meaning
to decorate fabric with patterns using a needle and thread
Example
She embroidered flowers on the pillowcase.
她在枕套上刺绣了花朵。
C1 noun /ˈjeloʊ oʊliˈændər/

Yellow oleander

黄色夹竹桃
Meaning
a tropical flowering shrub with bright yellow flowers; also known as lucky nut
Example
The yellow oleander blooms throughout the year in warm climates.
黄色夹竹桃在温暖的气候中一年四季开花。
C1 noun /twɪt/

Twit

傻瓜; 嘲笑
Meaning
a silly or foolish person; to tease or make fun of someone
Example
Don't be such a twit and listen carefully.
不要做傻瓜，仔细听。
C1 noun /ɪnˈtruː.ʒən/

intrusion

未经授权的进入
Meaning
Unauthorized entry into a system or place without permission
Example
The company detected an intrusion in its server.
公司在其服务器中发现了入侵。
C1 noun /ˌɑːr.kəˈpɛl.əˌɡoʊ/

archipelago

群岛
Meaning
A group of islands clustered together in a body of water.
Example
Indonesia is an archipelago with thousands of islands.
印度尼西亚是一个由成千上万个岛屿组成的群岛。
C1 noun /ˈwɔː.tər ˈtʃes.nʌt/

Water Chestnut

水栗
Meaning
aquatic plant with edible white crisp tubers
Example
Water chestnuts add a nice crunch to stir-fry dishes.
水栗为炒菜增添了愉快的脆感。
C1 verb /ˈnuːtər/

neuter

去势
Meaning
To remove the reproductive organs of an animal; or having no gender.
Example
They decided to neuter their cat to prevent more kittens.
他们决定给猫去势，以防止更多小猫的出生。
C1 noun /wæɡ/

Wag

爱开玩笑的人; 喜欢开玩笑的人
Meaning
a humorous or playful person; someone who enjoys joking around
Example
The class wag always made everyone laugh with his clever jokes.
班级的那个玩笑鬼总是用机智的笑话让大家笑出声。
C1 noun /ˈblɪs.tər/

Blister

水泡
Meaning
a small bubble on the skin filled with serum and caused by friction, burning, or other damage
Example
The new shoes gave her a painful blister on her heel.
新鞋子在她的脚后跟上造成了一个痛苦的水泡。
C1 noun, adjective, verb /səˈbɔːrdənət/ (noun/adjective), /səˈbɔːrdəˌneɪt/ (verb)

subordinate

下属
Meaning
lower in rank or position; to treat as less important
Example
He manages ten subordinates in his department.
他在他的部门里管理十个下属。
C1 adjective /tænˈdʒɛnʃəl/

tangential

切线的
Meaning
relating to or along a tangent; slightly or indirectly related to something
Example
His remarks were tangential to the main topic of discussion.
他的评论与讨论的主题有点关系。
C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪrmənt/

endearment

亲切的词语
Meaning
A word or phrase expressing affection or love.
Example
She whispered a gentle endearment to her child.
她低声对孩子说了一个亲切的词语。
C1 adverb /ˈɡeɪ.li/

Gaily

高兴地; 欢快地
Meaning
in a cheerful and lively manner
Example
The children danced gaily at the festival.
孩子们在节日中高兴地跳舞。
C1 verb /priːn/

preen

修整
Meaning
To groom or dress oneself with care; to show pride in one's appearance.
Example
She preened in front of the mirror before leaving for the party.
她在镜子前修整自己，然后去派对。
C1 verb /ɔːˈθɛntɪkeɪt/

authenticate

认证
Meaning
To prove or show that something is genuine or true.
Example
The bank uses advanced technology to authenticate online transactions.
银行使用先进的技术来认证在线交易。
C1 noun ˌɒp.tɪ.maɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

optimization

优化
Meaning
Improving processes to increase performance and efficiency.
Example
SEO optimization helps websites rank higher on search engines.
SEO优化帮助网站在搜索引擎中排名更高。
C1 verb /ˈseɪ.vər/

savor

尽情享受
Meaning
To enjoy something completely, especially by dwelling on it.
Example
He savored every bite of the delicious cake.
他细细品味着美味的蛋糕。
C1 noun /bɪˈriːvmənt/

bereavement

Meaning
The state of having lost a loved one through death.
Example
She received many letters of sympathy during her time of bereavement.
C1 noun /taɪˈkuːn/

tycoon

富豪
Meaning
a wealthy, powerful businessperson
Example
The real estate tycoon invested in several skyscrapers.
房地产富豪投资了多座摩天大楼。
C1 adjective ˈmær.ɪ.taɪm

Maritime

海洋的
Meaning
Connected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity.
Example
Maritime trade enhances the economy.
海洋贸易促进了经济。
C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜː.mə.ti/

Infirmity

虚弱；疾病；虚弱
Meaning
physical or mental weakness; a disease or ailment; frailty
Example
Despite his advanced age and various infirmities, he remained mentally sharp and alert.
尽管他年事已高，且有多种病痛，他仍保持着敏捷和警觉。
C1 adjective /ˈskɔːrnfəl/

Scornful

轻蔑的
Meaning
showing contempt or disdain; expressing scorn
Example
She gave him a scornful look when he made the rude comment.
当他做出粗鲁的评论时，她投以蔑视的目光。
C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

自杀的
Meaning
relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful
Example
The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.
鲁莽的驾驶是一种自杀行为。
C1 adjective kənˈkɝː.ənt

concurrent

同时发生的，平行的，在同一时间进行的
Meaning
Existing, happening, or done at the same time.
Example
The conference had concurrent sessions on various topics.
会议期间有多个并行的主题会议。
C1 noun /ˈhɜːrbɪsaɪd/

herbicide

除草剂
Meaning
A chemical substance used to kill unwanted plants, especially weeds.
Example
Farmers used herbicide to protect their crops from invasive weeds.
农民们使用除草剂来保护他们的作物免受侵入性杂草的影响。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈveə.ri.ə.bəl/

Invariable

不变的；恒定的；始终相同的
Meaning
never changing; constant; always the same
Example
His invariable routine includes morning exercise and coffee.
他的恒定日常包括早晨锻炼和咖啡。
C1 adjective /səˈsɛp.tə.bəl/

susceptible

容易受某种特定事物影响或损害的
Meaning
Likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.
Example
Children are more susceptible to infections.
孩子们更容易感染。
C1 noun /ˌkɒn.əˈsɜːr/

connoisseur

行家
Meaning
an expert judge in matters of taste, especially in food, art, or wine
Example
She is a true connoisseur of fine art.
她是美术的真正行家。
C1 noun /ˌkɔr.diˈæl.ɪ.ti/

Cordiality

热情; 友善
Meaning
sincere affection and kindness; warm and friendly behavior
Example
The host's cordiality made all the guests feel welcome and comfortable.
主人的热情使所有客人都感到受欢迎和舒适。
C1 noun /ˈfɔːreɪ/

foray

突袭 / 初步尝试
Meaning
A sudden short attack or attempt, especially into new activity or territory.
Example
The company made its first foray into the international market.
公司首次进军国际市场。
C1 noun /ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən/

illumination

Meaning
the act of lighting something or making something clear
Example
The street was filled with bright illumination from the lamps.
C1 noun /ˌmʌltɪˈplɪsɪti/

multiplicity

多样性
Meaning
A large number or variety of something.
Example
The project faced a multiplicity of challenges.
该项目面临着多样化的挑战。
C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtwaɪnd/

intertwined

幸福
Meaning
closely connected or twisted together
Example
Their lives became deeply intertwined after the accident.
当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 noun /brɔːl/

brawl

争吵
Meaning
a noisy fight in a public place
Example
A brawl broke out outside the bar late at night.
夜晚在酒吧外发生了争吵。
C1 noun məˈnɒp.əl.i

monopoly

垄断
Meaning
The exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service.
Example
The company has a monopoly on electric car production.
该公司在电动汽车生产方面拥有垄断地位。
C1 adjective /rɪˈzɪstɪv/

resistive

电阻性
Meaning
tending to resist or oppose; in physics, relating to electrical resistance
Example
The material has resistive properties that slow down current flow.
该材料具有电阻特性，能够减慢电流流动。
C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrməns/

conformance

一致性
Meaning
The act of conforming to a rule, standard, or law.
Example
The product was tested for conformance with safety standards.
该产品已按照安全标准进行了符合性测试。
C1 noun /ˌmɪdˈsʌm.ər/

midsummer

夏至中期
Meaning
The middle of summer, often around the summer solstice in June.
Example
We had a festival to celebrate midsummer.
我们举办了一个节日来庆祝夏至中期。
C1 noun /ˈkʌn.stə.bəl/

constable

巡警
Meaning
a police officer of the lowest rank
Example
The constable directed traffic at the busy intersection.
巡警在繁忙的十字路口指挥交通。
C1 adjective /ˈsted.fæst/

Steadfast

坚定; 坚决; 不动摇
Meaning
firm in belief, determination, or adherence; unwavering
Example
She remained steadfast in her commitment to helping the poor.
她在帮助穷人方面保持坚定的决心。
C1 noun /ˌpɜːsəˈnælɪzeɪʃən/

personalization

个性化, 定制化
Meaning
The action of making something personal or individual; customization.
Example
Personalization in marketing improves customer engagement.
营销中的个性化提升了客户的参与度。
C1 noun /əˈsem.bli ˈseʃ.ən/

assembly session

大会会议
Meaning
A formal meeting where representatives gather to discuss and make decisions on important matters.
Example
The assembly session discussed global challenges.
大会会议讨论了全球性挑战。
C1 verb /dɪˈpliːt/

deplete

耗尽
Meaning
to reduce the quantity or supply of something
Example
The long war has depleted the country's resources.
长时间的战争已经耗尽了该国的资源。
C1 adjective /daɪˈvɜːrsɪfaɪd/

diversified

多样化的
Meaning
Made or having variety in form, nature, or content.
Example
The company adopted a diversified business strategy to reduce risks.
公司采纳了多样化的商业战略来降低风险。
C1 adjective /əˈkʌlt/

occult

奥秘的
Meaning
Relating to mysterious, supernatural, or magical powers and practices.
Example
She had always been fascinated by the occult and its hidden knowledge.
她一直对奥科尔特及其隐藏的知识感到着迷。
C1 verb, noun /miˈændər/

meander

漫游
Meaning
to wander aimlessly or follow a winding course
Example
We meandered through the old streets of the city.
我们在城市的老街道上漫步。
C1 noun /ˈɪrˌplʌɡ/

earplug

耳塞
Meaning
a device inserted into the ear to block out noise or water
Example
He wore earplugs to sleep during the noisy night.
他在嘈杂的夜晚睡觉时戴了耳塞。
C1 adjective /ˈskɪtɪʃ/

skittish

紧张的
Meaning
easily frightened or nervous; unpredictable
Example
The horse was too skittish to ride.
那匹马太紧张，无法骑乘。
C1 verb /lʌl/

lull

安抚
Meaning
to soothe or calm; to cause to sleep or rest
Example
The gentle music lulled the baby to sleep.
温柔的音乐使宝宝入睡。
C1 adjective ˈwɛðərpruːf

weatherproof

防水
Meaning
Able to resist or be unaffected by weather, especially rain and wind.
Example
The materials used are weatherproof, ensuring longevity.
所用材料是防水的，确保长久耐用。
C1 verb /ˌdiː.kəmˈprɛs/

decompress

放松
Meaning
To relax and recover from stress or pressure.
Example
Taking deep breaths helps to decompress after a stressful day.
深呼吸帮助在压力过大的日子后放松。
C1 verb /ˈdæmpən/

dampen

使潮湿，减弱
Meaning
to make something slightly wet; to make something less strong, active, or intense
Example
The rain dampened the excitement of the outdoor concert.
雨水减弱了户外音乐会的兴奋。
C1 noun /brɒŋˈkaɪtɪs/

bronchitis

支气管炎
Meaning
inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs
Example
The doctor diagnosed him with acute bronchitis.
医生诊断他患有急性支气管炎。
C1 noun /ˈtjuːmʌlt/

tumult

骚动
Meaning
A loud, confused noise, especially caused by a crowd; commotion or disorder.
Example
The protest created a tumult in the city square.
抗议活动在城市广场上引发了骚动。
C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl̩ ˈkɒmpɪtənsi

indispensable competency

不可或缺的能力
Meaning
Essential skill or ability that cannot be done without; a crucial capability that is absolutely necessary.
Example
Digital literacy is an indispensable competency in the 21st century.
数字素养是21世纪不可或缺的能力。
C1 noun ˌpriːˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən

preoccupation

忧虑
Meaning
The state of being absorbed in thought; mental distraction.
Example
His preoccupation with work led to neglecting his personal life.
他对工作的忧虑导致忽视了个人生活。
C1 noun /dɪˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/

denomination

教派, 价值
Meaning
a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church; a unit of value or currency
Example
The church belongs to a Protestant denomination.
这座教堂属于一个新教教派。
C1 noun/verb /dɪsˈdeɪn/

disdain

Meaning
The feeling that someone or something is unworthy of respect; to regard with contempt.
Example
She looked at the messy room with open disdain.
C1 noun /ˈprɒfəsi/

prophecy

预言
Meaning
a prediction or message about the future, often believed to be divinely inspired
Example
The prophecy foretold the rise of a great leader.
预言预示着伟大领导者的崛起。
C1 verb /ɪnˈreɪdʒ/

enrage

激怒
Meaning
To make someone extremely angry.
Example
His unfair remarks enraged the audience.
他的不公正言论激怒了观众。
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛk.ərd/

checkered

方格纹
Meaning
Having a pattern of alternating squares of different colors; also describing a past full of ups and downs or varied experiences.
Example
He had a checkered career with many highs and lows.
他有一个方格纹的职业生涯，充满了起伏。
C1 adjective /ˈsæŋɡwɪn/

sanguine

乐观的
Meaning
Optimistic or positive, especially in a difficult situation.
Example
Despite the challenges, she remained sanguine about the future.
尽管面临挑战，她依然对未来保持乐观。
C1 noun /kənˈfaɪnmənt/

confinement

拘禁
Meaning
the state of being confined or restricted
Example
The prisoner endured years of confinement.
囚犯忍受了多年的拘禁。
C1 adjective /ˈmaɪzərli/

miserly

吝啬
Meaning
Unwilling to spend money; stingy.
Example
She lived a miserly life, refusing to buy anything new.
她过着吝啬的生活，拒绝购买任何新东西。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

inquisitive

好奇的
Meaning
Curious or eager to learn and ask questions.
Example
The inquisitive child asked endless questions about the stars.
那个好奇的孩子问了关于星星无数的问题。
C1 noun /ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒi/

genealogy

家谱学
Meaning
The study and tracing of lines of descent or family history.
Example
She spent years researching her family's genealogy.
她花了多年研究她家族的家谱学。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsʌf.ər.ə.bəl/

insufferable

无法忍受
Meaning
Too extreme to bear; intolerable.
Example
The heat during the summer was insufferable.
夏天的炎热是无法忍受的。
C1 adverb /ˈmɪdweɪ/

Midway

中途; 在中间
Meaning
halfway; at or to the middle point
Example
The project is midway through completion.
项目正在完成的过程中。
C1 noun স্ক্রোলিং অ্যাডিকশন

scrolling addiction

滚动成瘾
Meaning
A compulsive need to continuously scroll through content on digital devices, particularly smartphones and social media platforms.
Example
Scrolling addiction is a growing concern among smartphone users.
滚动成瘾在智能手机用户中是一个日益严重的问题。
C1 adjective /ˈvɪskəs/

viscous

粘性
Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.
Example
Honey is a viscous liquid that flows slowly.
蜂蜜是一种粘性液体，流动缓慢。
C1 noun səˈsteɪnəbəl ˈpræktɪsɪz

sustainable practices

可持续实践
Meaning
Methods and activities that can be maintained over time without depleting natural resources or harming the environment.
Example
Sustainable practices are vital for environmental preservation.
可持续实践对于环境保护至关重要。
C1 noun /rəʊˈbɒt.ɪk ˈsɜː.dʒər.i/

robotic surgery

机器人手术
Meaning
Surgery performed with the assistance of robotic systems to enhance precision and reduce invasiveness.
Example
Robotic surgery enhances precision in complex procedures.
机器人手术提高了复杂程序的精确度。
C1 noun /ˈfʌŋɡəs/

fungus

真菌
Meaning
a spore-producing organism feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, and mushrooms
Example
A strange fungus was growing on the old tree.
一种奇怪的真菌在老树上生长。
C1 noun /kəˈlaɪdəˌskoʊp/

kaleidoscope

万花筒
Meaning
A toy or instrument with mirrors and colored pieces that create changing patterns when rotated; also used metaphorically for a constantly changing sequence of patterns or elements.
Example
The city lights turned into a kaleidoscope of colors as the festival began.
当节日开始时，城市的灯光变成了色彩斑斓的万花筒。
C1 noun /ˈdɪsənˌtɛri/

dysentery

肠道疾病（伴有血液和粘液的腹泻）
Meaning
An infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhea with blood and mucus.
Example
Many soldiers suffered from dysentery during the war.
许多士兵在战争期间患上了痢疾。
C1 noun /ˈnɜr.tʃər/

Nurture

培养
Meaning
the process of caring for and encouraging growth or development
Example
Good parenting involves both nature and nurture.
良好的育儿涉及自然和培养两个方面。
C1 noun /ˈvaɪ.pər/

Viper

毒蛇
Meaning
a venomous snake with large hinged fangs that typically has a thick body and gives birth to live young
Example
The viper coiled up when it sensed danger.
毒蛇在感受到危险时盘成一圈。