afterlife
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B2 noun /ˈæftərˌlaɪf/

afterlife

Meaning
Life or existence that some believe continues after physical death.
Example
Many cultures have different beliefs about the afterlife.
C1 noun /woʊz/

woes

困境
Meaning
great sorrow or distress; troubles
Example
The company faced financial woes after the market crash.
公司在市场崩溃后面临财务困境。
B1 verb /bliːd/

bleed

流血
Meaning
to lose blood from the body, especially due to injury
Example
She began to bleed from the cut on her arm.
她开始从她手臂上的割伤出血。
C2 noun /ˈkɒnsənəns/

consonance

和谐, 音响和谐
Meaning
Agreement or harmony among parts; a pleasing combination of sounds in music or words.
Example
The consonance between their ideas made the project successful.
他们的思想之间的和谐使得项目成功。
B1 adverb /ˈpræk.tɪ.kəl.i/

Practically

实际上; 几乎; 几乎
Meaning
in a practical manner; almost; nearly
Example
The project is practically finished.
这个项目几乎完成。
C2 adjective /ˈvɒl.jʊ.bəl/

Voluble

多话的; 话多的
Meaning
speaking fluently and readily; talkative; having a continuous flow of words
Example
The voluble salesman talked for hours about his products.
多话的销售员谈了几个小时关于他的产品。
C2 noun /ˈdʒæk.dɔː/

Jack-daw

小乌鸦
Meaning
a small gray and black bird of the crow family, known for its intelligence
Example
The jackdaw collected shiny objects for its nest.
杰克道收集了闪亮的物品为它的巢。
B2 adjective /ˈtʃuːzi/

choosy

挑剔
Meaning
very careful in choosing; selective
Example
She is very choosy about the clothes she wears.
她对她穿的衣服非常挑剔。
C1 noun /ˈtaɪ.rənt/

Tyrant

暴君
Meaning
a cruel and oppressive ruler; a person who exercises power in a harsh manner
Example
The people rebelled against the cruel tyrant.
人民反抗了残忍的暴君。
B2 noun /ˈhɑːrd.ʃɪp/

Hardship

困境，痛苦
Meaning
severe suffering or privation; difficulty or distress
Example
Despite facing many hardships during the war, the family remained united and hopeful.
尽管在战争期间经历了许多困难，家庭依然保持团结和希望。
C2 noun /ˌɪmprɪˈmɑːtər/

imprimatur

批准书
Meaning
An official license or approval, especially to publish a book.
Example
The book was released with the official imprimatur of the church.
这本书以教会的正式批准书发布。
C2 noun /ˈtrɛsəl/

trestle

支架
Meaning
a frame or support consisting of a horizontal beam held up by two pairs of sloping legs, used especially for supporting a bridge or table
Example
The workers built a wooden trestle to support the temporary bridge.
工人们建造了一个木制支架来支撑临时桥梁。
C2 noun /ɪnˈfriːkwəns/

infrequence

罕见性
Meaning
The state of occurring rarely or at long intervals.
Example
The infrequence of their meetings made it hard to maintain close ties.
他们会议的罕见性使得保持亲密关系变得困难。
C1 adjective /ˈrɛvərənt/

reverent

虔诚的
Meaning
Showing deep and solemn respect.
Example
They listened to the speech in a reverent silence.
他们在虔诚的沉默中听取了演讲。
C1 verb /əˈnʌl/

annul

取消
Meaning
to declare something legally invalid or cancel it
Example
The court decided to annul the marriage due to fraud.
法院决定因欺诈取消婚姻。
A2 noun /maʊθ/

Mouth

嘴巴
Meaning
the opening in the face used for eating, drinking, speaking, and breathing
Example
Please open your mouth wide for the dentist to examine.
请张大嘴巴，方便牙医检查。
C1 adjective /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.ə.bəl/

negotiable

可商议的
Meaning
Open to discussion or modification; capable of being bargained for.
Example
The salary offered is negotiable.
提供的薪水是可商议的。
A2 noun /sɜːr/

sir

先生
Meaning
a respectful or formal form of address used for a man, typically one of higher social status or authority
Example
Sir, may I assist you with your order?
先生，我可以帮您处理订单吗？
C1 noun /naɪˈiːvteɪ/

naivete

Meaning
The quality of being naive; lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment.
Example
His naivete made him an easy target for manipulation.
C2 noun /ˈɪn.dɪ.dʒəns/

indigence

贫困
Meaning
a state of extreme poverty or destitution
Example
The charity was founded to help people living in indigence.
这个慈善组织成立是为了帮助生活在贫困中的人们。
A2 adjective /ˈpiːs.fəl/

Peaceful

宁静
Meaning
free from disturbance; calm and quiet; not involving war or violence
Example
The garden is a peaceful place to relax.
花园是一个宁静的地方，可以放松。
C1 adjective /læks/

lax

宽松的, 粗心的
Meaning
Not strict, severe, or careful; negligent or careless.
Example
The security at the airport was surprisingly lax.
机场的安保令人惊讶地宽松。
A1 pronoun /wɒt/

what

什么
Meaning
used to ask for information about something
Example
What is your name?
你叫什么名字?
C2 noun /ˈpɒliˌkreɪsi/

polycracy

多元统治
Meaning
rule by many; government by multiple authorities
Example
The nation experienced a polycracy after decentralization reforms.
该国在去中心化改革后经历了多元统治。
B2 noun /fleɪm/

Flame

火焰
Meaning
a hot glowing body of ignited gas that is generated by something on fire
Example
The candle flame flickered gently in the evening breeze.
蜡烛的火焰在晚风中微微闪烁。
A2 verb /ɪmˈpruːv/

improve

改善
Meaning
to make or become better; to enhance quality or condition
Example
Practice helps improve your skills.
练习帮助提高你的技能。
C1 adjective kənˈten.ʃəs

contentious

有争议
Meaning
Causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial.
Example
The contentious issue divided global leaders.
有争议的问题分裂了全球领导人。
B2 verb /ˈlaɪtən/

lighten

使变亮；缓和
Meaning
to make something brighter or less dark; to make something less heavy or serious
Example
A joke can lighten the mood during a tense meeting.
一个笑话可以缓和紧张会议的气氛。
B2 adjective /ˈsɪtʃueɪtɪd/

situated

位于
Meaning
located in a particular place or position
Example
The hotel is situated near the beach.
酒店位于海滩附近。
B2 verb /əˈsɛmbəl/

assemble

集合
Meaning
to gather or bring together in one place
Example
The students assembled in the hall for the meeting.
学生们为了会议在大厅里集合。
C2 noun /ˈdɛsɪkənt/

desiccant

干燥剂
Meaning
a substance that absorbs moisture and keeps things dry
Example
Silica gel packets are commonly used as a desiccant in packaging.
硅胶包通常作为干燥剂用于包装中。
B1 noun /ˈlɪk.wɪd/

Liquid

液体
Meaning
a substance that flows freely but is of constant volume, having a consistency like that of water or oil
Example
Water is a liquid at room temperature.
水在常温下是液体。
C1 verb /ˈnjuːtrəlaɪz/

neutralize

中和
Meaning
to make something ineffective or harmless
Example
The medicine helped neutralize the poison in his system.
药物帮助中和了他体内的毒素。
A2 adjective /ˈnɔːti/

naughty

顽皮
Meaning
Disobedient or mischievous, often in a playful or mildly bad way.
Example
The naughty child drew on the walls with crayons.
顽皮的孩子用蜡笔在墙上画画。
A1 noun /ˈbeɪbi/

baby

婴儿
Meaning
a very young child, especially one newly or recently born
Example
The baby is sleeping peacefully in the crib.
婴儿正在婴儿床上安静地睡觉。
B2 adjective ˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən.əl

operational

操作的
Meaning
In working order; ready for use.
Example
The space project will be operational by 2025.
太空项目将在2025年投入使用。
C2 adjective /əˈrækjələr/

oracular

神谕的
Meaning
Resembling an oracle; giving wise, mysterious, or prophetic statements
Example
Her oracular words left the audience deep in thought.
她的神谕般的话让观众陷入了深思。
B1 adjective /əˈmjuː.zɪŋ/

Amusing

有趣的; 好笑的; 娱乐的
Meaning
causing laughter or providing entertainment; funny; enjoyable
Example
The children found the clown's performance very amusing.
孩子们觉得小丑的表演非常有趣。
A2 adverb /bɪˈjɒnd/

Beyond

超越; 超出设定的界限;
Meaning
further away than; exceeding; more than
Example
The mountains stretched beyond the horizon.
山脉延伸到地平线之外。
B2 adverb /ðɛrˈæftər/

thereafter

从那时起
Meaning
from that time on
Example
He moved to Canada and thereafter started a new life.
他搬到了加拿大，之后开始了新生活。
B1 noun /ˈʃed.juːl/

Schedule

日程安排; 计划;
Meaning
a plan that lists things or events and the times when they will happen; timetable
Example
Please check your schedule before confirming the meeting time.
请在确认会议时间前查看您的时间表。
A2 noun /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

opening

开幕
Meaning
an act or instance of beginning something
Example
The opening of the new store was a huge success.
新店的开业是一个巨大的成功。
C1 verb /rɪˈtɔːrt/

retort

反驳
Meaning
To reply quickly or sharply, often in a witty or angry manner.
Example
He quickly retorted that he was not to blame.
他迅速回应说他没有错。
C1 adjective /ˌaʊtˈspoʊkən/

Outspoken

直言不讳
Meaning
frank; speaking directly
Example
She is known for being outspoken about social issues.
她因直言不讳地谈论社会问题而闻名。
B2 noun /ɡroʊθ ˈmaɪnd.sɛt/

growth mindset

成长心态
Meaning
A mindset that believes in learning, developing, and improving skills.
Example
A growth mindset helps individuals embrace challenges.
成长心态帮助个人迎接挑战。
A2 noun /ˈkɒf.i ˈmeɪ.kər/

Coffee maker

咖啡机
Meaning
an electric appliance used to brew coffee automatically
Example
I use my coffee maker every morning to brew fresh coffee.
我每天早上使用我的咖啡机来冲泡新鲜的咖啡。
C1 noun /ˈɪntərˌluːd/

interlude

插曲
Meaning
A short period of time that comes between two events; an interval.
Example
There was a brief musical interlude between the two acts of the play.
在剧本的两个场景之间有一个简短的音乐插曲。
B2 noun /præŋk/

prank

恶作剧
Meaning
A trick that is intended to be funny but not harmful.
Example
They played a harmless prank on their friend during the party.
他们在派对上和朋友玩了一个无害的恶作剧。
A2 noun /wʊlf/

Wolf

狼
Meaning
a wild carnivorous mammal which is the largest member of the dog family
Example
The wolf howled at the full moon.
狼对着满月嚎叫。
C2 adjective /ˈɡæŋ.ɡli/

gangly

高瘦且笨拙
Meaning
Tall, thin, and awkward in movement or appearance.
Example
The gangly teenager stumbled while trying to dance.
那个笨拙的青少年在跳舞时跌倒了。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌstriəs/

industrious

勤奋的
Meaning
Hardworking and diligent in one's duties.
Example
She is an industrious student who always completes her assignments on time.
她是一个勤奋的学生，总是按时完成她的作业。
C2 noun /ˈɔːriˌoʊl/

aureole

光环
Meaning
A halo or radiance surrounding the head or body, often in religious art.
Example
The painting showed the saint with an aureole around his head.
这幅画展示了圣人头上方的光环。
B2 verb /buːm/

boom

轰鸣
Meaning
to make a loud deep sound; to grow or increase rapidly
Example
The thunder boomed across the sky.
雷声在天空中轰鸣。
C1 noun ˈfɔː.saɪt

foresight

远见
Meaning
The ability to predict or the action of predicting what will happen or be needed in the future.
Example
His foresight helped the company avoid financial losses.
他的远见帮助公司避免了经济损失。
A1 noun /laɪf/

life

生命
Meaning
The existence of an individual human being or animal.
Example
Life is full of challenges and opportunities.
生命充满了挑战和机会。
C1 noun ˌɛkstərˈnælɪtiz

externalities

外部性
Meaning
A side effect or consequence of an industrial or commercial activity.
Example
Pollution is a negative externality of industrialization.
污染是工业化的负外部性。
C2 noun /ˈtrʌmpəri/

trumpery

毫无价值的废话或浮华但无价值的东西
Meaning
worthless nonsense or showy but worthless things
Example
The speech was full of political trumpery.
这个演讲充满了政治废话。
B2 noun /rɛlm/

realm

Meaning
A kingdom or domain; a field or area of activity or interest.
Example
He is well known in the realm of science.
B1 verb /trænsˈleɪt/

translate

翻译
Meaning
to express words or text in another language
Example
She can translate five languages.
她可以翻译五种语言。
B2 adjective /ˈpɔɪ.zən.əs/

Poisonous

有毒的; 毒性; 致命的
Meaning
containing poison; toxic; deadly
Example
The snake is highly poisonous and dangerous.
这条蛇非常有毒且危险。
C2 adjective /ɪˈpɪstələri/

epistolary

书信体
Meaning
Related to the writing of letters; expressed in or through letters.
Example
The novel is written in an epistolary style, consisting of letters between characters.
这本小说是以书信体风格写的，由人物之间的信件组成。
B2 noun ˌreɪ.di.oʊ.ækˈtɪv.ə.ti

radioactivity

放射性
Meaning
The emission of ionizing radiation or particles caused by the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei.
Example
Radioactivity is used in medical treatments like cancer therapy.
放射性在包括癌症治疗在内的医疗治疗中被用于治疗。
B2 noun /ˈkaʊntərˌpɑːrt/

counterpart

对口人
Meaning
a person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as another
Example
The CEO met with his counterpart in the partner company.
首席执行官与合作公司中的对口人会面。
A2 noun /əˈlɪmpɪks/

olympics

奥林匹克运动会
Meaning
an international sports competition held every four years with athletes from many countries
Example
The Olympics bring athletes from all over the world together.
奥林匹克运动会将全世界的运动员聚集在一起。
C1 verb /dɪˈtrækt/

detract

Meaning
To reduce or take away the worth or value of something.
Example
His rude behavior will detract from his good reputation.
C1 noun /ˈkæzəm/

chasm

裂缝 / 巨大差异
Meaning
a deep fissure in the earth's surface or a wide difference between people or ideas
Example
There was a great chasm between the two political parties.
两个政党之间有一个巨大的裂缝。
C1 noun ˌmʌn.ɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

monetization

将资产或服务转化为赚取金钱的方式
Meaning
Converting an asset or service into a way of earning money.
Example
YouTube allows content creators to earn money through monetization.
YouTube 允许内容创作者通过货币化赚取收入。
C1 adjective /ˈtæŋ.i/

tangy

辛辣
Meaning
Having a strong, sharp, and pleasantly biting flavor or taste.
Example
The sauce had a tangy flavor that brightened the dish.
这个酱料有一种辛辣的味道，让菜肴更加美味。
B2 noun /ˈden.sə.ti/

Density

密度
Meaning
the degree of compactness of a substance; the quantity of something per unit area
Example
The density of population in the city center is extremely high.
市中心的人口密度极高。
B2 noun /ˈkænvəs/

canvas

Meaning
A strong, coarse cloth used for tents, sails, or painting.
Example
The artist prepared a canvas for his new painting.
B2 adjective /ˈruː.tɪd/

Rooted

根深蒂固的
Meaning
deeply established; firmly fixed
Example
His beliefs are deeply rooted in tradition.
他的信念深深扎根于传统。
C1 noun /ˈdiːvə/

diva

著名女歌手
Meaning
a famous female singer; a woman who is admired or behaves like a star
Example
The pop diva performed her latest hit to a cheering crowd.
这位流行歌后在欢呼的人群前演唱了她的最新热曲。
A2 adjective /ˈkʌlərfəl/

colorful

五彩缤纷
Meaning
having bright colors; full of variety or interest
Example
The festival was full of colorful decorations.
这个节日充满了五彩缤纷的装饰。
B2 noun /ˈmaɪ.ɡrənt/

migrant

移民
Meaning
A person who moves from one place to another, especially to find work or better living conditions.
Example
Many migrants travel long distances to find employment.
许多移民旅行很长的距离以寻找工作。
B2 verb /ˈbɔɪkɑt/

boycott

抵制
Meaning
to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a protest
Example
They decided to boycott the company's products.
他们决定抵制公司的产品。
C1 verb /dɪˈspɛns/

dispense

分配
Meaning
To distribute or provide something, especially in portions.
Example
The machine dispenses clean drinking water.
机器分配干净的饮用水。
B2 adjective ˈɡluːmi

gloomy

阴沉
Meaning
Dark or poorly lit; depressing or pessimistic.
Example
The atmosphere suddenly turned gloomy.
气氛突然变得阴沉。
C2 verb /ˈhæloʊ/

hallow

神圣化
Meaning
to honor as holy; to make sacred or greatly respected
Example
The ancient temple was hallowed by centuries of worship.
古老的寺庙因几百年的崇拜而被神圣化。
B2 adverb /ɪˈfɪʃəntli/

efficiently

高效地
Meaning
in a way that achieves maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense
Example
She managed to complete the task efficiently within the deadline.
她在最后期限内高效地完成了任务。
B1 noun /ˈfɔːr.mæt/

Format

格式
Meaning
the way in which something is arranged or set out; the shape, size, and presentation of a book or document
Example
Please submit your report in PDF format by the end of the week.
请在本周末之前以PDF格式提交您的报告。
A2 noun /miːl/

Meal

餐
Meaning
food that is prepared and eaten at a specific time
Example
We enjoyed a delicious meal at the restaurant.
我们在餐厅享用了美味的餐点。
C2 adjective /ˌæntɪˈθɛtɪkəl/

antithetical

对立的
Meaning
Directly opposed or contrasted; mutually incompatible.
Example
His views were antithetical to the values of the organization.
他的观点与组织的价值观完全对立。
C1 adjective /rɪˈpliːt/

replete

充满
Meaning
Filled or well-supplied with something; abundantly full.
Example
The book is replete with fascinating historical details.
这本书充满了迷人的历史细节。
B2 noun /ˈbaɪoʊ ˌdeɪtə/

Bio-data

简历
Meaning
biographical data; a resume or curriculum vitae containing personal and professional information
Example
Please submit your bio-data along with the job application.
请将您的简历与求职申请一起提交。
C1 adjective/adverb /əˈmɪs/

amiss

错误的
Meaning
Not quite right; inappropriate or out of place.
Example
Something seems amiss with the car's engine.
汽车的引擎似乎有些错误。
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsəˈbɪləti/

Sensibility

感性
Meaning
the ability to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences; sensitivity
Example
Her artistic sensibility made her appreciate fine details in paintings.
她的艺术感性使她能够欣赏画作中的细节。
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːni/

tawny

黄褐色
Meaning
A warm, sandy or golden-brown color.
Example
The owl's tawny feathers blended with the tree bark.
猫头鹰的黄褐色羽毛与树皮融合在一起。
C2 adjective /kənˈvɪviəl/

convivial

友好、活跃和愉快；社交
Meaning
friendly, lively, and enjoyable; sociable
Example
The party had a convivial atmosphere with music and laughter.
派对上有着充满活力的氛围，伴随着音乐和欢笑。
C2 adjective ˌlæb.əˈrɪn.θaɪn

labyrinthine

迷宫似的
Meaning
Like a labyrinth; complicated and confusing; having many interconnected paths or passages.
Example
The old city streets were labyrinthine.
老城区的街道像迷宫一样。
B2 adjective /slæk/

slack

松弛
Meaning
not tight, firm, or busy; lacking tension or activity
Example
Business is slack during the rainy season.
在雨季生意很清淡。
C2 noun /ˈæntɪfɒn/

antiphon

反诗
Meaning
a short chant or verse sung responsively in Christian worship, typically sung before or after a psalm or canticle
Example
The choir sang the antiphon before beginning the main hymn.
合唱团在开始主要圣歌之前唱了反诗。
C1 adjective /ɒmˈnɪv.ər.əs/

Omnivorous

杂食性动物
Meaning
eating both plants and animals; feeding on various kinds of food
Example
Bears are omnivorous animals that eat both plants and meat.
熊是杂食性动物，吃植物和肉。
A2 adjective /ˈleɪtɪst/

latest

最新的
Meaning
most recent in time; newest available
Example
She shared the latest updates with the team.
她与团队分享了最新的更新。
C2 verb /bɪˈliːɡər/

beleaguer

围困, 烦扰
Meaning
to cause difficulties, troubles, or harassment; to surround with military forces
Example
The company was beleaguered by constant complaints from its customers.
该公司因客户不断的投诉而被围困。
B1 noun tɪk mɑːrk

tick mark

勾选框
Meaning
A mark (✓) used to indicate that something is correct or has been chosen, checked, or dealt with.
Example
I put a tick mark on all the completed tasks.
我在所有已完成的任务上打上了勾选框。
A2 adjective /wiːk/

Weak

虚弱; 脆弱
Meaning
lacking physical strength; not strong; fragile
Example
After the illness, he felt weak and tired.
生病后，他感到虚弱和疲惫。
A1 adjective/adverb /ɪˈnʌf/

enough

足够
Meaning
as much or as many as required
Example
We have enough food for everyone.
我们有足够的食物供大家食用。
B2 verb /ˈsɜːrkjəˌleɪt/

circulate

循环, 流通
Meaning
to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area
Example
Air circulated freely in the open hall.
空气在开放的大厅自由流通。
C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

保险库 / 跳跃
Meaning
A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.
Example
The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.
银行将其黄金条存放在一个安全的金库中。
C2 noun /ˈblændɪʃmənt/

blandishment

恭维
Meaning
flattering or pleasing statement or action used to persuade someone gently
Example
She used every blandishment to win his support.
她用了所有的恭维来赢得他的支持。
B2 adjective ˈskɒl.ə.li

scholarly

学术的
Meaning
Having or showing great knowledge or learning; academic in approach or method.
Example
He wrote a scholarly article on ancient philosophy.
他写了一篇关于古代哲学的学术文章。
C2 noun /ˈmɪsəl/

missal

弥撒书
Meaning
a book containing the texts used in the Catholic Mass throughout the year
Example
The priest read from the missal during the ceremony.
神父在仪式期间从弥撒书中读出。
C1 noun ˈlaɪv.li.hʊd

livelihood

生计
Meaning
A means of securing the necessities of life; a way of making a living.
Example
Fishing is the primary livelihood of coastal communities.
捕鱼是沿海社区的主要生计。
B2 adjective /ɪnˈklaɪnd/

inclined

倾向的
Meaning
having a tendency or disposition toward something
Example
He is inclined to help those in need.
他倾向于帮助有需要的人。
C1 verb /dɪˈnəʊt/

denote

表示
Meaning
To be a sign of; to indicate or mean something.
Example
A red flag denotes danger.
红旗表示危险。
C2 adjective /rɪˈsplɛndənt/

resplendent

辉煌
Meaning
Shining brilliantly; dazzling in appearance or effect
Example
The bride looked resplendent in her wedding gown.
新娘穿着婚纱看起来光彩照人。
C2 adjective /ɪˈrɛfrəɡəbəl/

irrefragable

不可辩驳
Meaning
Impossible to refute, deny, or break
Example
The lawyer presented irrefragable evidence that proved his client’s innocence.
律师提供了不可辩驳的证据，证明了他客户的无辜。
B2 adjective /ˌsuː.pəˈnætʃ.ər.əl/

Supernatural

超自然的
Meaning
relating to things that cannot be explained by natural or scientific laws; beyond the normal or physical world
Example
The old house was said to have supernatural powers.
据说那座老房子具有超自然的力量。
A2 adjective/adverb /ˈɒnˌlaɪn/

online

在线
Meaning
connected to or available through the internet
Example
I prefer shopping online rather than going to stores.
我更喜欢网上购物，而不是去商店。
C1 verb /dɪˈfaɪl/

defile

亵渎
Meaning
to pollute, corrupt, or make dirty
Example
The river was defiled by industrial waste.
河流被工业废物亵渎了。
C2 noun /ˈdæl.i.əns/

Dalliance

短暂的恋情; 风流韵事
Meaning
a casual romantic or sexual relationship; a brief involvement or experiment
Example
His dalliance with photography lasted only a few months before he lost interest.
他与摄影的短暂关系只持续了几个月，之后他失去了兴趣。
B2 verb /klɪŋ/

cling

幸福
Meaning
to hold on tightly to someone or something
Example
The child clung to his mother in fear.
她在收到奖项时，无法掩饰自己的幸福。
B2 noun nɪˈsesɪti

necessity

必要性
Meaning
The fact of being required or indispensable; an indispensable thing.
Example
Waste management is a necessity for environmental sustainability.
废物管理是环境可持续性的必要性。
A2 adjective /streɪt/

Straight

直的; 直接的; 诚实的;
Meaning
extending or moving uniformly in one direction; not curved or bent; honest
Example
Draw a straight line from point A to point B.
从点A到点B画一条直线。
C2 noun /ˈsɜːfdəm/

serfdom

农奴制
Meaning
The status or condition of being a serf, bound to work for a lord.
Example
Many peasants in medieval Europe lived under serfdom.
许多中世纪欧洲的农民生活在农奴制下。
B2 noun ˈɡloʊbəl ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

global initiatives

全球倡议
Meaning
Worldwide efforts or programs aimed at addressing global challenges or achieving common goals.
Example
Global initiatives inspire better waste management practices.
全球倡议激发了更好的废物管理实践。
C1 verb /ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/

extinguish

熄灭
Meaning
to put out a fire, light, or to end something
Example
The firefighters managed to extinguish the blaze within an hour.
消防员在一个小时内成功扑灭了大火。
C2 noun /ˌkæθəˈlɪsɪti/

catholicity

普遍性, 开放思想
Meaning
Universality; broad-mindedness; acceptance of a wide variety of things.
Example
Her catholicity of interests makes her a fascinating person.
她对兴趣的普遍性使她成为一个迷人的人。
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːrmətɪv/

normative

规范的
Meaning
relating to rules, standards, or norms that govern behavior or beliefs
Example
The study focused on the normative aspects of cultural behavior.
这项研究集中于文化行为的规范性方面。
B1 verb /ˈɛmfəˌsaɪz/

emphasize

强调
Meaning
to give special importance or attention to something
Example
The teacher emphasized the importance of homework.
老师强调了作业的重要性。
A2 noun /ˈnɒl.ɪdʒ/

knowledge

知识
Meaning
Facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education.
Example
Knowledge of the universe is expanding through research.
宇宙的知识正在通过研究不断扩展。