acolyte
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C2 noun /ˈækəlaɪt/

acolyte

Meaning
a follower or assistant, especially in a religious service or as a devoted supporter of a leader
Example
The senator arrived with a small group of acolytes who handled the press.
C2 noun /breɪ/

brae

山坡
Meaning
A hillside or slope, especially in Scotland.
Example
They climbed up the grassy brae to see the sunset.
他们爬上了长满草的山坡去看日落。
C2 noun /ˌdʒʊərɪsˈpruːdəns/

jurisprudence

法学
Meaning
The theory, philosophy, or science of law.
Example
She is a professor of jurisprudence at the university.
她是大学里的法学教授。
C2 noun ˈtɛlɪˌmɛtri

telemetry

遥测
Meaning
The process of recording and transmitting the readings of an instrument.
Example
The spacecraft transmitted telemetry data back to Earth.
航天器将遥测数据传回地球。
C2 verb /ɡɔːk/

gawk

盯着看
Meaning
To stare openly and rudely.
Example
Tourists gawked at the celebrity walking down the street.
游客们在街上看到名人时盯着看。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəˈməʊdiəs/

incommodious

不舒服的
Meaning
Uncomfortably small, cramped, or inconvenient.
Example
We had to stay in an incommodious room during the trip.
我们在旅行期间不得不住在一个不舒服的房间里。
C2 noun /ˈbiːlaɪn/

beeline

直线
Meaning
a straight, direct route to a destination
Example
He made a beeline for the food table as soon as he entered the party.
他一进派对就直奔餐桌。
C2 adjective /ˈɡæŋ.ɡli/

gangly

高瘦且笨拙
Meaning
Tall, thin, and awkward in movement or appearance.
Example
The gangly teenager stumbled while trying to dance.
那个笨拙的青少年在跳舞时跌倒了。
C2 verb /æbˈdʒʊər/

abjure

放弃
Meaning
to formally renounce or give up a belief, cause, or claim
Example
He abjured his allegiance to the old regime.
他放弃了对旧政权的忠诚。
C2 noun /ˈhɔːrs.liːt͡ʃ/

Horse-leach

马蛭
Meaning
a large species of leech that was traditionally used in veterinary medicine
Example
The veterinarian explained that horse-leach was once commonly used to treat horses.
兽医解释说，马蛭曾广泛用于治疗马匹。
C2 noun /ˈɡoʊld.moʊ.hɜːr/

Goldmohur

凤凰木
Meaning
A tropical tree with bright orange-red flowers, also known as flame tree or royal poinciana
Example
The goldmohur tree bloomed beautifully in the summer heat.
金莫胡树在夏天的炎热中盛开得十分美丽。
C2 adjective /ˈskʌr.ɪ.ləs/

scurrilous

恶意中伤的
Meaning
Using or expressed in coarse, abusive, or slanderous language.
Example
The politician faced criticism for his scurrilous remarks about his opponent.
那位政治家因其对对手的恶意中伤言论而面临批评。
C2 adjective /ˌænθrəpəˈmɔːrfəs/

anthropomorphous

人形的
Meaning
having the form or attributes of a human
Example
The statue had an anthropomorphous shape resembling a human.
这座雕像有着类似人类的形状。
C2 noun /kjuːˈpɪdəti/

cupidity

贪婪
Meaning
Excessive desire for wealth or possessions; greed.
Example
The king's downfall was caused by his cupidity.
国王的衰落是由于他的贪婪。
C2 verb /ɪnˈfætʃueɪt/

infatuate

迷恋
Meaning
to inspire with an intense but short-lived passion or admiration
Example
He was infatuated with her beauty.
他被她的美貌迷住了。
C2 adjective /pəˈlɛmɪkəl/

polemical

争议的
Meaning
relating to or involving strongly critical or controversial writing or speech
Example
She wrote a polemical article challenging traditional beliefs.
她写了一篇挑战传统信仰的争议文章。
C2 noun /əˈɡrɒnəmi/

agronomy

农业学
Meaning
The science and practice of soil management and crop production, focusing on the principles of plant and soil science to optimize agricultural productivity.
Example
Agronomy focuses on soil management and crop production.
农业学专注于土壤管理和作物生产。
C2 noun /ˈɛkwɪpɪdʒ/

equipage

装备或带有配件的马车
Meaning
Equipment or a carriage with its accessories.
Example
The nobleman arrived in a grand equipage.
贵族乘坐豪华马车到达。
C2 noun /ˈkæt.aɪ.ɒn ɪksˌtʃeɪndʒ/

cation-exchange

阳离子交换
Meaning
A chemical process in soil that helps retain nutrients.
Example
The cation-exchange capacity of soil affects plant growth.
土壤的阳离子交换容量会影响植物的生长。
C2 noun /voʊˈsɪfərəns/

vociferance

大声喊叫
Meaning
the act of shouting or making a loud outcry
Example
The vociferance of the protesters filled the streets.
抗议者的呼喊声充满了街道。
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.səˌbɑːr/

isobar

等压线
Meaning
A line on a weather map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure.
Example
The meteorologist explained how isobars indicate wind speed and direction.
气象学家解释了等压线如何指示风速和风向。
C2 noun /ˈkeɪ.nə.naɪt/

canaanite

迦南人
Meaning
a member of a people who lived in the ancient land of Canaan in the Middle East
Example
The Canaanites were known for their advanced trade networks.
迦南人以其先进的贸易网络而闻名。
C2 adjective /həˈrɛtɪkəl/

heretical

异端
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by departure from accepted beliefs or standards, especially in religion.
Example
The priest condemned the book as heretical.
牧师将这本书谴责为异端。
C2 verb /əˈkriːt/

accrete

逐渐增长
Meaning
to grow or increase gradually by accumulation or addition
Example
Dust particles accrete over time to form larger celestial bodies.
尘埃颗粒随着时间积累，形成更大的天体。
C2 adjective /ˈlæmbənt/

lambent

柔和的发光
Meaning
glowing or flickering softly; having a gentle radiance
Example
The lambent light of the candle filled the room with warmth.
蜡烛的柔和光线充满了房间的温暖。
C2 noun /trəˈveɪl/

travail

艰苦的努力
Meaning
Painful or laborious effort; suffering or hardship.
Example
After years of travail, she finally completed her degree.
经过多年的艰苦努力，她终于完成了学位。
C2 adjective /ɔːˈrɪfərəs/

auriferous

含金的
Meaning
Containing or producing gold.
Example
The miners discovered an auriferous vein in the mountains.
矿工在山中发现了一个含金的矿脉。
C2 noun /feɪt/

fete

节日，庆典
Meaning
a celebration or festival, often in honor of someone
Example
The village held a grand fete to celebrate the harvest.
村庄举行了盛大的节日庆典来庆祝丰收。
C2 adjective /eɪˈsɛfələs/

acephalous

Meaning
having no leader or head; headless
Example
The acephalous group soon fell into disorganization.
C2 noun /ˈfæn.feər/

fanfare

盛大场面, 宣传
Meaning
a short ceremonial tune or display of publicity to attract attention
Example
The new product was launched with much fanfare.
新产品在盛大场面下发布。
C2 noun /rɪˈsɪʒən/

rescission

取消
Meaning
the cancellation or annulment of a law, contract, or agreement
Example
The rescission of the contract left both parties disappointed.
合同的取消让双方都感到失望。
C2 noun /sʌnd raɪs/

Sunned rice

晒干的米
Meaning
Rice that has been dried in the sun; parched rice
Example
The farmers spread the sunned rice on mats to dry completely.
农民们将晒干的米铺在垫子上，让它完全干燥。
C2 verb /ɪkˈspʌndʒ/

expunge

擦除
Meaning
To erase or remove completely, often something unwanted.
Example
He managed to expunge the embarrassing memory from his mind.
他设法把尴尬的记忆从脑海中抹去。
C2 adjective /ˈeɪkwiəs/

aqueous

水合的
Meaning
related to or containing water; watery
Example
The solution was in an aqueous form.
溶液是水合的。
C2 verb /prəˈpɪʃieɪt/

propitiate

安抚
Meaning
to win or regain the favor of someone by doing something that pleases them
Example
He offered gifts to propitiate the angry gods.
他提供礼物来安抚愤怒的神明。
C2 noun /ˈhɔɪdən/

hoyden

顽皮女孩
Meaning
a boisterous or tomboyish girl
Example
The hoyden preferred climbing trees to playing with dolls.
顽皮女孩更喜欢爬树而不是玩洋娃娃。
C2 adjective /ˈbiːstiəl/

bestial

兽性
Meaning
Relating to beasts; showing savagery, brutality, or lacking human sensibility.
Example
The prisoners were treated in a bestial manner.
囚犯们以野兽般的方式被对待。
C2 noun /ɪmˈprɑːvɪdəns/

improvidence

缺乏远见
Meaning
Lack of foresight or care for future needs.
Example
His improvidence led to financial difficulties.
他的缺乏远见导致了财务困难。
C2 verb /ɪˈniː.bri.eɪt/

inebriate

Meaning
to intoxicate; to make someone drunk
Example
The strong wine was enough to inebriate even the most experienced drinker.
C2 noun ˌæɡ.roʊˈiː.koʊˌsɪs.təm

agroecosystem

农业生态系统
Meaning
An ecological system centered on agricultural activities and processes.
Example
A healthy agroecosystem improves soil fertility.
健康的农业生态系统提高土壤肥力。
C2 noun /θrɔːl/

thrall

Meaning
The state of being in someone's power or under strong influence; slavery or bondage.
Example
He was in thrall to the powerful leader.
C2 noun /ˈɪəri/ or /ˈɛəri/

aery

鹰巢
Meaning
An eagle’s nest, or a lofty, airy dwelling.
Example
The eagle perched proudly near its aery high on the cliff.
鹰骄傲地停在悬崖上的它的巢附近。
C2 verb /ʧeɪf/

chafe

Meaning
To make or become sore by rubbing; to feel irritation or impatience.
Example
The tight shoes began to chafe his heels.
C2 noun /ˈaɪdɪl/

idyll

田园诗般的场景
Meaning
An extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque episode or scene, often idealized.
Example
Their honeymoon was an idyll on a tropical island.
他们的蜜月是在一个热带岛屿上的田园诗般的场景。
C2 verb /ˈsʌli/

sully

玷污
Meaning
to damage the purity, integrity, or reputation of something
Example
The scandal sullied the politician’s reputation.
丑闻玷污了政治家的声誉。
C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrnəl/

vernal

春天的
Meaning
related to spring; fresh, youthful
Example
The garden was filled with vernal beauty after the long winter.
经过漫长的冬季，花园充满了春天的美丽。
C2 noun /ɪmp/

imp

小顽皮精灵
Meaning
a small mischievous devil or sprite; a playful troublemaker
Example
The child was acting like a little imp, hiding his toys everywhere.
那个孩子像一个小顽皮精灵，四处藏玩具。
C2 noun /ˈsteɪsɪs/ or /ˈstæsɪs/

stasis

停滯
Meaning
A state of inactivity or equilibrium; a situation where nothing changes.
Example
The negotiations reached a state of stasis with no progress made.
谈判达到了停滞状态，没有取得进展。
C2 adjective /ɔːrˈθɑːɡənl/

orthogonal

正交
Meaning
at right angles; independent or unrelated
Example
In mathematics, two vectors are orthogonal if their dot product is zero.
在数学中，如果两个向量的点积为零，它们就是正交的。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃiət/

insatiate

无法满足
Meaning
impossible to satisfy; always wanting more
Example
He had an insatiate desire for power.
他有一个无法满足的权力愿望。
C2 adjective /ˈtɪd.li/

Tiddley

微醉; 小或微小
Meaning
slightly drunk; small or tiny
Example
After a few drinks, he felt a bit tiddley.
喝了几杯后，他觉得有点儿tiddli。
C2 noun /ˌmæk.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Machination

阴谋; 诡计;
Meaning
a clever scheme or artful plot, usually with evil intent; crafty designing or plotting
Example
The villain's machinations were finally exposed.
坏蛋的阴谋最终暴露了。
C2 noun /ˈhæbɪtənt/

habitant

居民
Meaning
An inhabitant; a person or animal that lives in a particular place.
Example
The habitants of the village were friendly and welcoming.
村庄的居民友好而热情。
C2 noun /ˈʌŋɡwənt/

unguent

药膏
Meaning
A soothing or healing ointment applied to the skin.
Example
The doctor applied an unguent to heal the burn.
医生涂抹了药膏来治愈烧伤。
C2 adjective /ˈpɜːˌblaɪnd/

purblind

盲目或无知
Meaning
Having impaired or defective vision; lacking insight or understanding.
Example
The purblind approach to the problem led to many mistakes.
对问题的盲目处理导致了许多错误。
C2 noun /kəˈtæb.ə.lɪ.zəm/

catabolism

分解代谢
Meaning
The breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism.
Example
Catabolism plays a crucial role in cellular energy production.
分解代谢在细胞能量生产中起着至关重要的作用。
C2 noun /maɪˈnjuːʃə/

minutia

琐事
Meaning
a small or trivial detail of something
Example
He was bored by the minutia of office paperwork.
他对办公室文件的琐事感到厌倦。
C2 adjective /ˈɡloʊboʊs/

globose

球形的
Meaning
Spherical or nearly spherical in shape.
Example
The cactus has large globose fruits.
仙人掌有大的球形果实。
C2 noun /ˈmæsəkɪst/

masochist

受虐狂
Meaning
a person who derives pleasure from their own pain or humiliation
Example
He was called a masochist for enjoying tough challenges.
他因享受艰难挑战而被称为受虐狂。
C2 noun /nɑnˈen.tə.ti/

Nonentity

无足轻重的人; 不存在的事物
Meaning
a person of no importance or influence; something that does not exist
Example
He felt like a nonentity in the large corporation.
他在大公司里感觉自己像个无足轻重的人。
C2 noun /ˌdɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/

dissipation

挥霍
Meaning
the process of disappearing or wasting; excessive indulgence in pleasure
Example
The dissipation of his fortune left him in poverty.
他财富的挥霍让他陷入贫困。
C2 noun /ˈɡæliən/

galleon

大帆船
Meaning
A large sailing ship used mainly by Europeans from the 16th to 18th centuries.
Example
The Spanish galleon carried treasures across the Atlantic.
西班牙的大帆船将财宝运过大西洋。
C2 noun /ˈɔːtɑːrki/

autarchy

自给自足
Meaning
A system of self-sufficiency where a state or community is economically independent.
Example
The nation attempted autarchy to reduce reliance on imports.
这个国家试图实现自给自足，以减少对进口的依赖。
C2 verb /ɪˈnəʊbəl/

ennoble

使高贵
Meaning
to give someone a noble rank or to elevate in dignity or honor
Example
His selfless actions ennobled his character in the eyes of others.
他的无私行为使他在他人眼中的品格得到了提升。
C2 adjective /rɪˈflɛktɪbəl/

reflectible

可反射的
Meaning
capable of being reflected, as light or an image
Example
The surface of the lake is highly reflectible in the morning sun.
湖面的反射性在早晨的阳光下非常强。
C2 noun /meɪˈlɑːnʒ/

melange

混合
Meaning
A mixture of different things or styles.
Example
The festival offered a melange of music, food, and art.
这个节日提供了音乐、食物和艺术的混合。
C2 adjective /ˈluːsənt/

lucent

发光的
Meaning
shining or glowing with light
Example
The lucent stars brightened the night sky.
发光的星星照亮了夜空。
C2 noun /ˈlɒdʒ.mənt/

lodgment

临时住宿
Meaning
The act of lodging or a place of temporary stay; also a deposit of something.
Example
The soldiers found lodgment in the abandoned house.
士兵们在废弃的房子里找到了临时住宿。
C2 noun /ˈkeɪ.tɪf/

caitiff

懦夫
Meaning
A contemptible or cowardly person.
Example
The knight despised the caitiff who betrayed his comrades.
骑士鄙视那个背叛同伴的懦夫。
C2 noun /troʊθ/

troth

誓言, 忠誠
Meaning
Faith or loyalty when pledged in a solemn agreement or vow, especially in marriage.
Example
He pledged his troth to her before the gathering.
他在集會前向她許下了他的誓言。
C2 noun /ˈkætɪtʃuː/

Catechu

凯特楚
Meaning
an extract from a tropical Asian plant, used in tanning and dyeing
Example
Catechu extract is commonly used in traditional medicine.
凯特楚提取物通常用于传统医学中。
C2 noun /ˈeɪʒən siː bæs/

Asian sea bass

亚洲鲈鱼
Meaning
a large predatory fish found in coastal waters and estuaries of the Indo-Pacific region, prized for its white meat
Example
Asian sea bass is highly valued in aquaculture for its fast growth.
亚洲鲈鱼因其快速生长而在水产养殖中备受重视。
C2 noun /ˈdeɪ.ɪs/

Dais

讲台
Meaning
a raised platform, typically at one end of a room or hall, for speakers or honored guests
Example
The principal stood on the dais to address the entire school assembly.
校长站在讲台上，向全体学校大会发表演讲。
C2 verb /ˈmæɡnɪtaɪz/

magnetize

磁化
Meaning
to make something magnetic or to strongly attract
Example
The scientist managed to magnetize the iron rod.
科学家成功地将铁棒磁化了。
C2 adjective /ɪˈpɪstələri/

epistolary

书信体
Meaning
Related to the writing of letters; expressed in or through letters.
Example
The novel is written in an epistolary style, consisting of letters between characters.
这本小说是以书信体风格写的，由人物之间的信件组成。
C2 noun /kəˈnɑːrd/

canard

Meaning
a false or unfounded story or rumor
Example
The article turned out to be nothing more than a canard.
C2 noun /θroʊz/

throes

剧痛
Meaning
intense or violent pain and struggle, often at the beginning or end of something
Example
The country was in the throes of a political crisis.
该国正处于政治危机的剧痛之中。
C2 adjective /sɪər/

sere

干枯
Meaning
Dry or withered, especially vegetation.
Example
The sere leaves crumbled under his feet.
干枯的叶子在他的脚下碎裂。
C2 noun /noʊl/

Knoll

小山丘；土堆
Meaning
a small rounded hill or mound
Example
The old oak tree stood majestically on top of the grassy knoll.
那棵老橡树雄伟地站在覆盖着草的小山丘上。
C2 adjective /ˈɪkθiɪk/

ichthyic

鱼类的
Meaning
Relating to or resembling fish.
Example
The artist's painting had an ichthyic quality.
艺术家的画作具有鱼类的特质。
C2 noun /liːən/

lien

留置权
Meaning
A legal right to keep possession of property until a debt is paid.
Example
The bank placed a lien on the house until the mortgage was cleared.
银行对房屋施加了留置权，直到抵押贷款清偿完毕。
C2 noun ˌpɜː.pɪˈtʃuː.ɪ.ti

perpetuity

永恒，永久性，连续性
Meaning
Permanence, eternity, continuity.
Example
The contract ensures payments in perpetuity.
合同保证永续付款。
C2 noun /ˈdʒɛtsəm/

jetsam

从船上丢弃的无用物品，被冲到岸上的物品
Meaning
Unwanted material or goods thrown overboard from a ship and washed ashore.
Example
The beach was littered with jetsam after the storm.
风暴过后，海滩上充满了杰特萨姆。
C2 noun /ˈæpəˌθɛm/

apothegm

格言, 名言
Meaning
A short, witty, and instructive saying or maxim.
Example
His speech was filled with apothegms about life and success.
他的演讲充满了关于生活和成功的格言。
C2 noun /ˈwɑːmpəm/

wampum

贝壳项链
Meaning
beads made by Native Americans from shells, used as money or decoration
Example
The tribe traded furs for wampum.
部落用皮毛换取贝壳项链。
C2 verb /kənˈvɑːlv/

convolve

一起缠绕或扭曲;缠绕或交织
Meaning
to roll or twist together; to coil or entwine
Example
The vines convolve around the tree trunk.
藤蔓缠绕在树干周围。
C2 adjective /ˈbʌlbəs/

bulbous

膨胀的 / 圆形的
Meaning
Bulging, round, or swollen in shape; resembling a bulb.
Example
The frog had a bulbous nose and big eyes.
青蛙有一个膨胀的鼻子和大眼睛。
C2 noun, verb /ˌpæm.fləˈtɪər/

pamphleteer

小册子作者
Meaning
a person who writes or distributes pamphlets, often to promote a political or social cause
Example
In the 18th century, many pamphleteers influenced public opinion.
18世纪，许多小册子作者影响了公众舆论。
C2 noun /ˌpriːpəˈzɛʃən/

prepossession

偏见
Meaning
An opinion or feeling formed beforehand; a prejudice or preoccupation.
Example
His prepossession in favor of tradition made him resist change.
他的偏见使他反对改变。
C2 noun /ˈleʧ.ər/

Lecher

好色之徒
Meaning
a man who behaves in a sexually inappropriate way towards women
Example
The company fired him for being a lecher.
公司因为他是个好色之徒而解雇了他。
C2 adjective /ˌkɒn.tjʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/

contumacious

固执的, 叛逆的
Meaning
stubbornly disobedient or rebellious
Example
The contumacious student refused to follow the school rules.
那位固执的学生拒绝遵守学校的规章制度。
C2 noun /ˈstiː.vəˌdɔːr/

stevedore

装卸工
Meaning
A person employed to load and unload cargo from ships.
Example
The stevedores worked tirelessly to unload the cargo before dawn.
装卸工们不知疲倦地工作，直到黎明前卸下货物。
C2 adjective /ˈæk.rɪd/

Acrid

刺鼻和不愉快
Meaning
having a strong, unpleasant, and sharp smell or taste
Example
The acrid smoke from the fire made everyone cough.
火灾的刺鼻烟雾让每个人都咳嗽。
C2 adjective /sɪmˈfoʊniəs/

symphonious

Meaning
Harmonious; producing a pleasant sound or agreement of sound.
Example
The choir's voices were symphonious and filled the hall with beauty.
C2 noun ˈvɜː.mɪ.kʌl.tʃər

vermiculture

蚯蚓养殖
Meaning
The cultivation of earthworms, especially for use in composting organic waste.
Example
Vermiculture enriches soil with natural nutrients.
蚯蚓养殖为土壤提供自然养分。
C2 adjective /ˈbɛərˌfeɪst/

barefaced

厚颜无耻
Meaning
shameless and undisguised; openly bold or unashamed
Example
He told a barefaced lie in front of everyone.
他在大家面前说了个厚颜无耻的谎言。
C2 noun /juːˌtɪlɪˈtɛəriənɪzəm/

utilitarianism

功利主义
Meaning
The ethical theory that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of the majority.
Example
Utilitarianism suggests that we should act to maximize overall happiness.
功利主义认为我们应该采取行动，以最大化整体幸福。
C2 adjective /ˈvɛntrəl/

ventral

腹侧的
Meaning
relating to the underside or abdominal part of an animal or organ
Example
The fish has a white ventral surface.
鱼的腹侧表面是白色的。
C2 noun /ˈfeɪ.tə.lɪ.zəm/

fatalism

宿命论
Meaning
the belief that all events are predetermined and inevitable
Example
He embraced fatalism, believing that nothing he did could change his destiny.
他接受了宿命论，相信无论他做什么，都无法改变他的命运。
C2 verb /ˌnɒnˈplʌst/

nonplused

困惑的
Meaning
Past tense of nonplus; surprised and confused.
Example
She was completely nonplused by his sudden decision.
她完全被他突如其来的决定弄得不知所措。
C2 noun /ˈsɒfɪzəm/

sophism

诡辩
Meaning
a clever but misleading argument; fallacious reasoning
Example
The politician's speech was full of sophism designed to mislead voters.
政治家的演讲充满了旨在误导选民的诡辩。
C2 verb /rɔɪl/

roil

搅动
Meaning
to make a liquid muddy or disturbed; to cause agitation or disorder
Example
The constant protests roiled the city streets.
持续的抗议活动搅动了城市的街道。
C2 noun /vəˈliːɪti/

velleity

微弱的愿望
Meaning
A wish or inclination not strong enough to lead to action.
Example
His interest in painting never grew beyond a mere velleity.
他对绘画的兴趣从未超越一个微弱的愿望。
C2 adjective /fəˈloʊniəs/

felonious

与严重犯罪相关
Meaning
relating to or involved in serious criminal activity
Example
He was charged with felonious assault after the incident.
事件发生后，他因严重袭击被指控。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈspɛərɪŋ/

unsparing

无情的
Meaning
Showing no mercy or generosity; harsh or severe.
Example
The critic was unsparing in his review of the play.
评论家在他的剧评中毫不留情。
C2 verb /θrɛʃ/

thresh

Meaning
to separate grain from the plant by beating or by using a machine
Example
Farmers used machines to thresh the wheat after harvest.
C2 adjective /ˈɪnˌbrɛd/

inbred

天生的
Meaning
existing naturally in a person or animal; also related to reproduction within a limited community
Example
He has an inbred sense of loyalty.
他有天生的忠诚感。
C2 adjective /ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnʃəl/

penitential

忏悔的
Meaning
Relating to or expressing penitence or penance.
Example
The priest delivered a penitential sermon on forgiveness.
牧师讲了关于宽恕的忏悔讲道。
C2 noun, verb /ɡəˈrɒt/

garrote

勒死
Meaning
A method of execution by strangulation, or to strangle someone with a cord or wire.
Example
The assassin attempted to garrote his target in the alley.
刺客试图在巷子里用绳索勒死目标。
C2 noun /əbˈhɒrəns/

abhorrence

厌恶
Meaning
a feeling of strong disgust or hatred
Example
He expressed his abhorrence of racial discrimination.
他表达了对种族歧视的厌恶。
C2 noun (plural) /maɪˈnjuːʃiiː/

minutiae

琐事
Meaning
the small, precise, or trivial details of something
Example
The lawyer focused on the minutiae of the contract.
律师专注于合同的琐事。
C2 adjective /əˈluːsɪv/

allusive

含蓄的
Meaning
Making indirect references or hints; suggestive without being explicit.
Example
The novel is full of allusive passages that point to classical literature.
这本小说充满了含蓄的段落，指向经典文学。
C2 verb /bɪˈtroʊð/

betroth

订婚
Meaning
To formally promise to marry someone; to engage.
Example
He was betrothed to the princess at a young age.
他在年轻时就与公主订婚了。
C2 adjective /ˈstraɪ.eɪ.tɪd/

striated

条纹的
Meaning
marked with thin lines, grooves, or stripes
Example
The muscle fibers appeared striated under the microscope.
在显微镜下，肌肉纤维看起来是条纹的。
C2 adjective /ˌmæl.əˈfɪʃ.ənt/

maleficient

恶意的
Meaning
Doing harm or evil; having a harmful effect.
Example
The maleficient acts of the tyrant ruined the kingdom.
暴君的恶意行为摧毁了王国。
C2 noun /ˈdʒɪb.ər.ɪʃ/

gibberish

胡言乱语
Meaning
Unintelligible or meaningless speech or writing.
Example
He was so nervous that his explanation sounded like gibberish.
他紧张得解释起来像胡言乱语。
C2 noun /sɛnˈtjʊəriən/

centurion

百夫长
Meaning
A commander of a unit of one hundred soldiers in the ancient Roman army.
Example
The centurion led his men into battle with courage.
百夫长带领他的士兵英勇作战。
C2 adjective /rɪˈdjuːsəbl̩/

reducible

Meaning
capable of being simplified, lessened, or made smaller
Example
The problem is complex but reducible to a few basic principles.
C2 adjective /ˈmɒθ ˌiːtən/

moth-eaten

被蛀虫吃掉的
Meaning
Damaged or worn out, especially by moths or age.
Example
He wore a moth-eaten sweater on the cold day.
他在寒冷的日子里穿了一件被蛀虫吃掉的毛衣。
C2 noun əˈlæk.rə.t̬i

alacrity

快速和愉快的准备
Meaning
Brisk and cheerful readiness.
Example
He accepted the challenge with alacrity.
他以 alacrity 接受了挑战。
C2 adjective /spɪk/

Spick

极其干净整洁；完美无瑕
Meaning
extremely clean and neat; immaculate
Example
The house was spick and span after the cleaning.
清洁后，房子变得一尘不染，整洁如新。