B2 verb /əˈkʌstəm/

accustom

习惯

Meaning

to make someone familiar with something through regular experience or use

Example

It took him a while to accustom himself to the new environment.

他花了一些时间来适应新的环境。

B2 adjective /ˈpleɪfəl/

playful

顽皮的, 活泼的

Meaning

full of fun and high spirits; lively

Example

The puppy was very playful, running around the garden.

小狗很顽皮，在花园里跑来跑去。

B2 adverb /əˈlɛdʒɪdli/

allegedly

据称

Meaning

used to say that something is claimed to be true, though not proven

Example

He was allegedly involved in the robbery.

他据称参与了抢劫。

B2 verb /riːˈɔːrɡənaɪz/

reorganize

重新组织

Meaning

to arrange something again in a different way for greater efficiency or order

Example

The manager decided to reorganize the team structure.

经理决定重新组织团队结构。

B2 noun /ˈpɪl.ɡrɪm/

Pilgrim

朝圣者; 旅行者

Meaning

a person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons; a traveler

Example

The pilgrim walked for days to reach the holy shrine.

朝圣者走了好几天才到达圣地。

B2 noun /ˈrɪk.ʃɔː/

Rickshaw

人力车

Meaning

a light two-wheeled passenger vehicle drawn by one or more people

Example

We took a rickshaw to reach the busy marketplace.

我们乘坐人力车前往繁忙的市场。

B2 adjective /bɪˈlʌvɪd/

beloved

心爱

Meaning

dearly loved, highly regarded

Example

She was the beloved queen of the kingdom.

她是王国中深受喜爱的女王。

B2 noun /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/

instinct

本能

Meaning

A natural way of behaving or reacting that does not require learning.

Example

Birds build nests by instinct.

鸟类本能地筑巢。

B2 noun /ˈtɔːrsoʊ/

torso

躯干

Meaning

The trunk of the human body, excluding the head and limbs.

Example

The artist painted the torso of the model in great detail.

艺术家详细地画了模特的躯干。

B2 adjective /ˌʌnˈnoʊ.tɪst/

Unnoticed

未被注意到; 被忽视

Meaning

not seen or observed; ignored

Example

His hard work went unnoticed by his manager.

他的辛勤工作没有被经理注意到。

B2 adjective /ˈdʒuːsi/

juicy

多汁

Meaning

Full of juice; succulent; also used to describe something exciting or scandalous.

Example

The steak was so juicy that it melted in my mouth.

这块牛排多汁到在我嘴里融化。

B2 noun /ˈkɒpə/

copper

铜

Meaning

a reddish-brown metal used for electrical wiring, coins, and more

Example

Copper is a good conductor of electricity.

铜是良好的电力导体。

B2 noun /ˈtreɪ.tər/

Traitor

叛徒

Meaning

a person who betrays someone or something, such as a friend, cause, or principle

Example

The spy was branded a traitor to his country after being caught.

间谍在被捕后被贴上了叛国者的标签。

B2 adjective /ˈkɒmp(ə)rəbl/

comparable

可比的

Meaning

Able to be likened to something else in size, amount, or quality.

Example

The two products are comparable in quality but differ in price.

这两种产品在质量上可比，但价格不同。

B2 adjective /ˈluː.nər/

Lunar

月球的

Meaning

relating to the moon; of or concerning the moon

Example

The lunar eclipse was visible last night.

月食昨晚可见。

B2 adjective /dɪˈraɪvd/

derived

衍生的

Meaning

Developed or obtained from something else; not original.

Example

The word is derived from Latin.

这个词来源于拉丁语。

B2 adjective /ˌkɒmplɪˈmɛntəri/

complementary

互补的

Meaning

combining in such a way as to enhance or emphasize the qualities of each other

Example

The two partners have complementary skills.

这两个伙伴有互补的技能。

B2 noun /ˈspɒt.laɪt/

spotlight

Meaning

a strong beam of light directed onto a particular area; figuratively, public attention

Example

The singer stood proudly in the spotlight.

B2 noun rɪˈsɛʃ.ən

recession

经济衰退

Meaning

A period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.

Example

The country faced a severe recession due to the financial crisis.

由于金融危机，该国面临严重的经济衰退。

B2 adjective /ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl/

mathematical

数学的

Meaning

relating to mathematics or the use of mathematics

Example

The mathematical equation was difficult to solve.

数学方程式很难解。

B2 noun, verb /nɜːrv/

nerve

神经; 勇气

Meaning

A bundle of fibers in the body that transmits signals between the brain and other parts; also courage or audacity.

Example

She gathered the nerve to speak in front of the large audience.

她鼓起勇气在大观众面前发言。

B2 noun /ˈrɔɪəlti/

royalty

皇室成员 / 特许权使用费 (作者收入)

Meaning

Members of a royal family or payment made to the owner of a patent, copyright, or natural resource.

Example

The author receives a royalty for every book sold.

作者从每本卖出的书中获得特许权使用费。

B2 noun /hʌb/

hub

中心

Meaning

the central part of a place or activity where things converge

Example

The city is the hub of the country's trade network.

这座城市是该国贸易网络的中心。

B2 adverb /ˈleɪ.zɪ.li/

Lazily

懒洋洋地

Meaning

in a way that shows unwillingness to work or use energy; sluggishly

Example

He lazily stretched his arms and yawned in the morning.

他懒洋洋地伸展双臂，早晨打了个哈欠。

B2 verb /θɔː/

thaw

融化

Meaning

to melt or cause to melt after being frozen

Example

The ice began to thaw in the sun.

冰开始在阳光下融化。

B2 noun /ræɡ/

Rag

旧布；用来清洁的破旧衣物

Meaning

a piece of old cloth used for cleaning; worn-out clothing

Example

She used an old rag to clean the dusty table.

她用一块旧布擦拭了满是灰尘的桌子。

B2 verb /dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ/

discourage

Meaning

to make someone less confident or enthusiastic about doing something

Example

Failure should not discourage you from trying again.

B2 verb /əˈplɔːd/

applaud

鼓掌

Meaning

to show approval by clapping or expressing admiration

Example

The audience applauded the performance.

观众为表演鼓掌。

B2 noun /pəˈtɪʃən/

petition

请愿书

Meaning

a formal written request, typically signed by many people, appealing to authority about a cause

Example

They signed a petition to improve road safety in the area.

他们签署了一份请愿书，要求改善该地区的道路安全。

B2 adjective /ˈkwɑːn.tɪ.teɪ.tɪv/

Quantitative

定量的

Meaning

relating to quantity or amount; expressed in terms of numbers or measurements

Example

The study provides quantitative evidence of climate change effects.

该研究提供了气候变化影响的定量证据。

B2 noun /ˈɪm.pʌls/

Impulse

冲动; 突然的欲望

Meaning

a sudden strong and unreflective urge or desire to act; a driving force or motivation

Example

She bought the expensive dress on impulse and later regretted the purchase.

她冲动购买了那件昂贵的衣服，后来对这笔购买感到后悔。

B2 adjective /ɪˈtɜː.nəl/

Eternal

永恒的; 无尽的; 不朽的; 永远

Meaning

lasting or existing forever; without end or beginning; everlasting

Example

Their love seemed eternal and unbreakable.

他们的爱似乎永恒且不可打破。

B2 noun /ˈfluː.ən.si/

fluency

流利

Meaning

The ability to speak or write a language smoothly and effortlessly.

Example

She speaks English with remarkable fluency.

她流利地说英语，令人惊讶。

B2 noun /ˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Genius

天才

Meaning

exceptional intellectual or creative power or other natural ability; a person who has such ability

Example

Einstein was recognized as a genius for his groundbreaking contributions to physics.

爱因斯坦因其在物理学上的开创性贡献而被认为是天才。

B2 noun /ˈwɔːfeər/

Warfare

战争

Meaning

armed conflict between different countries or groups; the activity of fighting a war

Example

Modern warfare involves advanced technology and strategic planning.

现代战争涉及先进的技术和战略规划。

B2 verb /ˈræm.bəl/

ramble

Meaning

to talk or write at length in a confused or inconsequential way; to walk for pleasure without a fixed route.

Example

He rambled on about his childhood for hours.

B2 noun /ˈbʌn.dəl/

Bundle

包裹; 捆

Meaning

a collection of things or quantity of material tied or wrapped up together

Example

The mailman delivered a bundle of letters to our house.

邮递员把一包信送到了我们的家。

B2 noun /ˈwaɪld.laɪf ˌkɒnsərˈveɪʃən/

wildlife conservation

野生动物保护

Meaning

The practice of protecting wild animal species and their habitats in order to maintain healthy wildlife species or populations and to restore, protect or enhance natural ecosystems.

Example

Wildlife conservation aims to protect endangered species.

野生动物保护旨在保护濒危物种。

B2 adverb /ˈdʒenərəsli/

generously

慷慨地

Meaning

in a kind, giving, or unselfish manner; in a plentiful or abundant way

Example

She generously donated money to help the poor.

她慷慨地捐钱帮助穷人。

B2 noun /ˈtɛnənsi/

tenancy

租约

Meaning

The possession or occupation of land or property as a tenant.

Example

The tenancy agreement was signed for two years.

租赁协议已签署为期两年。

B2 verb /ɪnˈtɜːrprət/

interpret

Meaning

to explain the meaning of something; to translate orally

Example

She had to interpret the speech for the foreign guests.

B2 noun /ˈmæstəri/

Mastery

精通; 专长;

Meaning

Great skill or expertise in a subject or activity

Example

His mastery of the violin impressed audiences around the world.

他在小提琴上的造诣给全球观众留下了深刻印象。

B2 noun /ˈbel.i/

Belly

肚子

Meaning

the front part of the human trunk below the ribs, containing the stomach and bowels; abdomen

Example

The baby kicked in her belly during pregnancy.

怀孕期间，宝宝踢了她的肚子。

B2 noun /ˈvendə(r)/

Vendor

小贩

Meaning

a person or company offering something for sale, especially a trader in the street

Example

The street vendor sold fresh fruits and vegetables.

街头小贩卖新鲜的水果和蔬菜。

B2 noun /sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kəns/

Significance

重要性

Meaning

the quality of being worthy of attention; importance

Example

The discovery has great significance for medical research.

这个发现对医学研究具有重要意义。

B2 verb /ɪˈveɪd/

evade

回避

Meaning

To escape or avoid something, especially by cleverness or trickery.

Example

He tried to evade the question by changing the subject.

他通过换话题来回避问题。

B2 adjective /kəmˈpætəbl/

compatible

兼容

Meaning

Able to exist or work together without conflict; harmonious.

Example

This software is compatible with both Windows and Mac systems.

该软件与 Windows 和 Mac 系统兼容。

B2 noun /ˈkruː.əl.ti/

Cruelty

残忍; 非人道的待遇; 导致疼痛的行为

Meaning

behavior that causes pain or suffering to others; the quality of being cruel

Example

The documentary exposed the cruelty of factory farming to animals.

纪录片揭示了工厂养殖对动物的残忍行为。

B2 noun /dɪˌskrɪm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Discrimination

歧视; 不公正待遇; 偏见

Meaning

the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people; recognition of difference

Example

The company was sued for racial discrimination in their hiring practices.

该公司因其招聘中存在种族歧视而被起诉。

B2 noun /ˈsɪnəmən/

Cinnamon

肉桂

Meaning

aromatic spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species

Example

Cinnamon is often used in baking and desserts.

肉桂常用于烘焙和甜点中。

B2 adjective /rɪˈɡret.ə.bəl/

Regrettable

令人遗憾的; 不幸的; 可惜的

Meaning

causing or deserving regret; unfortunate; deplorable

Example

It is regrettable that so many talented people left the company.

很遗憾这么多有才华的人离开了公司。

B2 noun /ɡler/

Glare

愤怒的或生气的凝视；强烈和刺眼的光线

Meaning

a fierce or angry stare; a strong and dazzling light

Example

The teacher's stern glare silenced the noisy students immediately.

老师严厉的目光立刻让吵闹的学生安静下来。

B2 adjective /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/

decisive

决定性

Meaning

Having the ability to make decisions quickly and effectively; determining the outcome.

Example

Her decisive action saved the company from collapse.

她的决定性行动挽救了公司免于崩溃。

B2 adverb /ˈliːɡəli/

legally

合法地

Meaning

in a way that is allowed by law

Example

He is legally responsible for his actions.

他对自己的行为负有合法责任。

B2 adverb /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

Considerably

显著地；相当大地

Meaning

to a notably large degree; significantly; substantially

Example

The price has increased considerably over the past year.

过去一年价格显著上涨。

B2 verb /ɪkˈsɛl/

excel

表现突出

Meaning

to be exceptionally good at or proficient in an activity or subject

Example

She always tries to excel in her studies.

她总是尽力在学习中表现突出。

B2 verb /kəˈlæps/

collapse

崩塌

Meaning

to fall down or inward suddenly; to break down completely

Example

The old building collapsed after the earthquake.

老建筑在地震后倒塌了。

B2 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən/

Passion

热情

Meaning

strong enthusiasm or excitement for something; intense emotion or feeling

Example

Her passion for music led her to become a professional singer.

她对音乐的热情促使她成为一名职业歌手。

B2 noun/verb /krɪˈtiːk/

critique

批评

Meaning

A detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory; to evaluate critically.

Example

The professor asked the students to critique each other's essays.

教授要求学生批评彼此的论文。

B2 noun ˈruθləs ˌkɑmpəˈtɪʃən

ruthless competition

无情的竞争

Meaning

Fierce and merciless rivalry or contest, without pity or compassion.

Example

Ruthless competition for power leads to societal issues.

为了权力的无情竞争导致了社会问题。

B2 noun /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/

Compensation

补偿; 赔偿

Meaning

something given or received as an equivalent for services, debt, loss, injury, or suffering; payment or reward

Example

The company provided financial compensation to the workers injured in the accident.

公司向在事故中受伤的工人提供了经济补偿。

B2 noun/verb /pəʊl/

poll

民意调查

Meaning

a survey of public opinion or voting in an election

Example

The poll revealed that most people favored the new policy.

民意调查显示大多数人支持新政策。

B2 adjective /ˈskætərd/

Scattered

分散的; 散落的;

Meaning

spread widely apart; dispersed; occurring here and there

Example

Scattered showers are expected throughout the day.

预计全天都会有分散的降雨。

B2 adjective /ˈlæstɪŋ/

Lasting

持久的; 永久的

Meaning

enduring for a long time; permanent; durable

Example

Their friendship had a lasting impact on both their lives.

他们的友谊对他们的生活产生了持久的影响。

B2 noun /ˈkɔːtruːm/

courtroom

Meaning

a room in which legal cases are heard and decided by a judge

Example

The witness was called to testify in the courtroom.

B2 noun /ˈklaɪ.mət əˌdæp.teɪ.ʃən/

climate adaptation

气候适应

Meaning

The process of adjusting to current or expected climate change and its effects.

Example

Climate adaptation ensures resilience to change.

气候适应确保了对变化的适应能力。

B2 adverb /ʌnˈfɛərli/

unfairly

不公平地

Meaning

In a manner that is not just, reasonable, or impartial

Example

He was treated unfairly by the committee.

他被委员会不公平地对待。

B2 verb /skreɪp/

scrape

擦, 刮

Meaning

to remove or damage the surface of something by rubbing or scratching; to collect something by effort

Example

He scraped his knee while playing football.

他在踢足球时擦伤了膝盖。

B2 adjective /ˈhevənli/

Heavenly

天上的; 神圣的; 美味的

Meaning

relating to heaven; extremely pleasant or beautiful

Example

The chocolate cake had a heavenly taste that melted in my mouth.

巧克力蛋糕有一种天上的味道，在我口中融化了。

B2 noun/adjective /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/

republican

共和党人

Meaning

a member or supporter of a republican political party or system

Example

The republican candidate won the election.

共和党候选人赢得了选举。

B2 verb /roʊm/

roam

漫游

Meaning

to walk or travel without a specific destination; to wander

Example

Wild animals roam freely in the forest.

野生动物在森林中自由漫游。

B2 adjective /ˈslʌɡ.ɪʃ/

Sluggish

迟缓; 无力; 不活跃

Meaning

slow-moving; lacking energy or alertness; inactive

Example

The old computer became sluggish after running for hours.

那台旧电脑运行了几个小时后变得迟缓。

B2 noun /ræk/

Rack

架子

Meaning

a framework or structure for holding or storing things

Example

She hung her coat on the rack by the door.

她把外套挂在门旁的架子上。

B2 verb /əˈpoʊz/

oppose

反对

Meaning

to disagree with or resist; to act against

Example

Many citizens oppose the new tax policy.

许多公民反对新的税收政策。

B2 noun /ɪmˈpaʊə.mənt/

empowerment

赋权

Meaning

Authority or power given to someone to do something.

Example

Empowerment initiatives enhance confidence.

赋权举措提升信心。

B2 noun /pərˈfek.ʃən/

Perfection

完美

Meaning

the state of being complete and without flaws; the highest degree of excellence

Example

The artist spent years trying to achieve perfection in his paintings.

艺术家花了多年时间，试图在他的画作中实现完美。

B2 noun /ˈdʒɝː.nə.lɪŋ/

journaling

写日记

Meaning

The practice of writing down your thoughts, feelings, and experiences regularly.

Example

Journaling helps in organizing thoughts and reducing stress.

日记写作有助于整理思绪并减少压力。

B2 noun ˌɪr.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən

irrigation

灌溉

Meaning

The artificial application of water to land or soil.

Example

Irrigation systems improve crop yields in dry regions.

灌溉系统提高了干旱地区作物的产量。

B2 adjective /ˈɔɪl.i/

Oily

油腻的; 油覆盖的; 油滑的

Meaning

covered with oil; containing oil; greasy

Example

Her oily skin needs special care.

她的油腻皮肤需要特别护理。

B2 adjective /əˈbrʌpt/

abrupt

突然

Meaning

Sudden or unexpected, often without warning.

Example

The car came to an abrupt stop in the middle of the road.

汽车在路中间急停。

B2 noun /ɡrɪp/

Grip

牢牢把握；握住；把手或抓手

Meaning

a firm hold or grasp; the power of holding something firmly; a handle or handhold

Example

The rock climber lost his grip and fell several feet before the safety rope caught him.

攀岩者失去握住，掉了好几英尺，直到安全绳把他抓住。

B2 adjective ɪˈmɜː.sɪv

immersive

沉浸式

Meaning

Providing, involving, or characterized by deep absorption or immersion in something.

Example

Virtual reality creates an immersive learning environment.

虚拟现实创造了一个沉浸式学习环境。

B2 adjective, verb (past) /səˈspɛndɪd/

suspended

暂停

Meaning

Temporarily not allowed, stopped, or hanging.

Example

He was suspended from school for a week.

他因为一周被暂停上学。

B2 noun ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

productivity

生产力

Meaning

The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input.

Example

Improved irrigation boosts productivity.

改进的灌溉提高了生产力。

B2 verb /ɪˈmɜːrdʒ/

emerge

Meaning

to come into view or become apparent; to arise or appear from something

Example

New opportunities will emerge as the industry grows.

B2 verb /əˈkʌmplɪʃ/

accomplish

完成

Meaning

to achieve or complete successfully

Example

She managed to accomplish all her goals for the year.

她成功地完成了今年的所有目标。

B2 noun /ˈmærəθən/

marathon

马拉松

Meaning

a long-distance running race, typically 42.195 kilometers (26.2 miles)

Example

She completed the marathon in under four hours.

她在不到四小时内完成了马拉松。

B2 adjective /ˌʌnɪˈmædʒənəbəl/

Unimaginable

难以想象的

Meaning

impossible to conceive; beyond imagination

Example

The scale of destruction was unimaginable until we saw it firsthand.

毁灭的规模是难以想象的，直到我们亲眼看到。

B2 noun draʊt

drought

干旱

Meaning

A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall; a shortage of water.

Example

Drought impacts crop growth significantly.

干旱显著影响农作物的生长。

B2 phrase ˈsɛvən ˈhæbɪts

seven habits

七个习惯

Meaning

Regular behaviors or actions that are done consistently over time, specifically referring to a set of seven key practices.

Example

Even habits help in maintaining a balanced lifestyle.

即使是习惯也有助于保持平衡的生活方式。

B2 adjective /ˈded.li/

Deadly

致命的; 死亡的; 危险的

Meaning

causing or able to cause death; extremely dangerous; lethal

Example

The deadly poison killed the plant instantly.

致命的毒药立即杀死了这株植物。

B2 noun /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːrs.mənt/

reinforcement

强化

Meaning

Strengthening or supporting something, especially behavior or learning.

Example

Positive reinforcement helps in learning.

积极的强化有助于学习。

B2 adjective /ˈsoʊbər/

Sober

清醒的；严肃而深思的；适度的

Meaning

not affected by alcohol; serious and thoughtful; moderate

Example

He remained sober throughout the celebration.

他在整个庆典期间保持清醒。

B2 adjective ˌkæt.əˈstrɑː.fɪk

catastrophic

灾难性的, 毁灭性的

Meaning

Involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering.

Example

Climate change has catastrophic consequences.

气候变化带来了灾难性的后果。

B2 adjective ɪnˈev.ɪ.tə.bəl

inevitable

不可避免的

Meaning

Certain to happen; unavoidable.

Example

Death is an inevitable part of life.

死亡是生命中不可避免的一部分。

B2 adjective /kəˈreɪdʒəs/

Courageous

勇敢的; 无畏的; 在面对危险时展现勇气

Meaning

brave; fearless; showing courage in the face of danger

Example

The courageous firefighter rescued the family from the burning building.

勇敢的消防员从燃烧的建筑物中救出了家庭。

B2 noun /tɔːrˈneɪdoʊ/

tornado

龙卷风

Meaning

a rapidly rotating column of air in contact with the ground and clouds, often destructive

Example

The tornado destroyed several houses in the village.

龙卷风摧毁了村子里的几座房子

B2 noun /ˈfræɡ.mənt/

Fragment

碎片; 片段;

Meaning

a small part broken or separated off something; an incomplete or isolated portion

Example

Archaeologists found fragments of ancient pottery buried in the soil.

考古学家在土壤中发现了古代陶器的碎片。

B2 noun /ˌmɛθəˈdɑlədʒi/

methodology

方法论

Meaning

A system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.

Example

The research was conducted using a new methodology.

这项研究是使用新方法论进行的。

B2 adjective /æpt/

apt

适当的

Meaning

Appropriate or suitable; having a natural tendency or quick to learn.

Example

She is an apt student who quickly understands new concepts.

她是一个适当的学生，很快就能理解新的概念。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈseɪn/

insane

疯狂

Meaning

mentally ill; extremely foolish or unreasonable

Example

The idea of jumping off the cliff seemed insane.

从悬崖上跳下的想法显得疯狂。

B2 adverb /ˈɑːɡjuːəbli/

arguably

可以说

Meaning

used to say that a statement is open to argument or is considered true by many people

Example

She is arguably the most talented player on the team.

她可以说是队里最有天赋的球员。

B2 adjective /ɪsˈlɑːmɪk/

islamic

伊斯兰的

Meaning

relating to Islam, its followers, or its teachings

Example

The city has many Islamic cultural centers.

这座城市有许多伊斯兰文化中心。

B2 noun /ˈwaɪnəri/

winery

酿酒厂

Meaning

a place where wine is made

Example

They visited a famous winery in France.

他们参观了法国的一家著名酒厂。

B2 noun/verb /flɑːk/

flock

群

Meaning

a group of birds or animals; to gather or move in a crowd

Example

Tourists flocked to the beach during summer.

游客们在夏天涌向海滩。

B2 noun /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/

distribution

分配

Meaning

the act of sharing or delivering something to multiple people or places

Example

The company manages the distribution of food supplies to rural areas.

公司管理食品供应的分配到农村地区。

B2 adjective /ˈlætər/

latter

第二个

Meaning

the second of two people or things mentioned

Example

Between tea and coffee, I prefer the latter.

在茶和咖啡之间，我更喜欢第二个。

B2 adjective ˌkɒm.prɪˈhen.sɪv

comprehensive

全面的

Meaning

Including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something; complete and thorough.

Example

A comprehensive study enhances understanding.

全面的研究促进了理解。

B2 adjective ˈɡrædʒ.u.əl

gradual

渐进的

Meaning

Taking place or progressing slowly or by degrees.

Example

Gradual changes are more sustainable.

渐进的变化更具可持续性。

B2 verb /prɪˈsiːd/

precede

先行

Meaning

to come before something in time, order, or position

Example

A brief introduction precedes each chapter.

简短的介绍先于每一章。

B2 noun /ˈʌndərˌteɪkɪŋ/

undertaking

事业

Meaning

A task, project, or responsibility that someone agrees to do.

Example

Starting a new company is a difficult undertaking.

创办新公司是一项艰巨的事业。

B2 noun /əˈroʊmə/

aroma

香味

Meaning

A pleasant, distinctive smell.

Example

The aroma of freshly baked bread filled the kitchen.

新鲜烤制的面包的香味弥漫在厨房里。

B2 adjective /teɪm/

Tame

驯服的; 温顺的; 容易控制的

Meaning

domesticated and not wild; gentle and easy to control

Example

The tame lion performed tricks in the circus.

驯服的狮子在马戏团表演杂技。

B2 noun /ˈrɛnəˌsɑːns/

renaissance

文艺复兴

Meaning

a revival of art, culture, or learning; a period of renewed interest and growth

Example

The city experienced a cultural renaissance during the 1990s.

这座城市在1990年代经历了文化复兴。

B2 adjective /ˈɑːrbɪˌtrɛri/

arbitrary

随意的

Meaning

based on random choice or personal whim, rather than reason or system

Example

The teacher's arbitrary grading upset many students.

老师的随意评分让许多学生感到不满。

B2 adjective /ˈɛθnɪk/

ethnic

民族的

Meaning

relating to a population subgroup with a common national or cultural tradition

Example

The festival celebrated the city's diverse ethnic communities.

这个节日庆祝了城市中各种民族的社区。

B2 noun ˈtraɪəmf

triumph

胜利

Meaning

A great victory or achievement.

Example

The novel is considered one of Dickens' greatest triumphs.

这部小说被认为是狄更斯最伟大的胜利之一。

B2 adjective /ˈʃɔːrt ˌtempərd/

Short-tempered

易怒的; 容易生气的

Meaning

quick to lose one's temper; easily angered

Example

She became short-tempered when the traffic made her late for the meeting.

当交通让她迟到时，她变得很暴躁。

B2 noun /ˈmɛntɔːr/

mentor

导师

Meaning

an experienced person who advises and guides someone less experienced

Example

She acted as a mentor for the new employees.

她担任新员工的导师。

B2 noun /ˈlaɪv.stɒk/

livestock

家畜

Meaning

farm animals such as cattle, sheep, and pigs that are kept for use or profit

Example

The farmer raised livestock to supply meat and milk for the market.

农民饲养家畜，以供应市场的肉类和牛奶。

B2 noun ˈɒksɪdʒən prəˈdʌkʃən

oxygen production

氧气生产

Meaning

The process of generating oxygen through photosynthesis or other means.

Example

Plants are vital for oxygen production and the maintenance of life.

植物对于氧气生产和维持生命至关重要。