Vocabularies

English Vocabulary Dictionary | Word Meanings, Definitions & Examples

chasten definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C2
/ˈtʃeɪ.sən/
戒める / 征服する (imashimeru / seifuku suru)

to correct or discipline; to humble or subdue

"The coach chastened the team after their poor performance."

"コーチは彼らの悪いパフォーマンスの後、チームを戒めた。" (Kōchi wa karera no warui pafōmansu no ato, chīmu o imashimeta.)
chattel definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈtʃæt.əl/
動産 / 個人財産 (dousan / kojin zaisan)

a personal possession; historically, movable property including slaves

"In the past, slaves were considered the chattel of their owners."

"過去には、奴隷は所有者の動産と見なされていました。" (Kako ni wa, dorei wa shoyusha no dousan to minasarete imashita.)
cherubic definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/tʃəˈruːbɪk/
天使のような (tenshi no you na)

Innocent, sweet, and angelic, like a cherub.

"The baby had a cherubic smile that melted everyone’s heart."

"その赤ちゃんは、みんなの心を溶かす天使のような笑顔をしていた。" (Sono akachan wa, minna no kokoro o tokasu tenshi no you na egao o shiteita.)
chevron definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈʃɛvrən/
V字型の記号 (V-jigata no kigou)

A V-shaped pattern, often used in military insignia or design.

"The sergeant’s uniform displayed three chevrons on the sleeve."

"軍曹の制服には袖に三つのシェブロンが表示されていました。" (Gunsou no seifuku ni wa sode ni mittsu no shebron ga hyōji sarete imashita.)
chiaroscuro definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/kiˌɑːrəˈskjʊəroʊ/
光と影の劇的な対比 (hikari to kage no gekiteki na taibi)

The use of strong contrasts between light and dark in art or literature to create a dramatic effect.

"The artist's painting used chiaroscuro to highlight the figure's face."

"そのアーティストの絵画は、人物の顔を強調するためにキアロスクーロを使用しました。" (Sono aatisuto no kaiga wa, jinbutsu no kao wo kyouchou suru tame ni kiarosukuro wo shiyou shimashita.)
chicanery definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ʃɪˈkeɪnəri/
詐欺 (sagi)

The use of trickery or deception to achieve a purpose.

"The politician was accused of chicanery to win the election."

"その政治家は選挙に勝つために詐欺を使ったとして非難された。" (Sono seijika wa senkyo ni katsu tame ni sagi wo tsukatta toshite hinan sareta.)
chiffon definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ʃɪˈfɒn/
シフォン (shifon)

A lightweight, sheer fabric often used in dresses or scarves.

"She wore a beautiful chiffon dress at the party."

"彼女はパーティーで美しいシフォンのドレスを着ていました。" (Kanojo wa pātī de utsukushī shifon no doresu o kiteimashita.)
chimera definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/kaɪˈmɪərə/
キメラ (kimera)

A mythical creature with parts from different animals; also used to mean a fanciful illusion or unattainable dream.

"The idea of a perfect society is often a chimera."

"完璧な社会のアイデアはしばしばキメラである。" (Kanpeki na shakai no aidea wa shibashiba kimera de aru.)
chimerical definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/kaɪˈmɛrɪkəl/
空想的 (kūsō-teki)

Imaginary, fanciful, or wildly unrealistic; existing only in the imagination.

"His chimerical plans for building a city on the moon fascinated the young engineers."

"彼の空想的な月面都市建設計画は若いエンジニアたちを魅了した。" (Kare no kūsō-teki na getsumen toshi kensetsu keikaku wa wakai enjinia-tachi o miryō shita.)
noun C2
/ˈtʃaɪ.nə bɑːks/
ゲッキツ (gekkitsu)

a small evergreen shrub with tiny white fragrant flowers

"The China box plant produced clusters of small white flowers."

"ゲッキツの木は小さな白い花の房を咲かせました。" (Gekkitsu no ki wa chiisana shiroi hana no fusa o sakasemashita.)
noun C2
/ˈtʃaɪ.nə roʊz/
ハイビスカス (haibisukasu)

a tropical flowering plant with large, showy flowers in various colors

"The bright red China-rose flowers decorated the entrance of the house."

"鮮やかな赤いハイビスカスの花が家の入口を飾った。" (Azayaka na akai haibisukasu no hana ga ie no iriguchi o kazatta.)
chiromancy definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈkaɪrəˌmænsi/
手相占い (tesou uranai)

The practice of predicting the future by interpreting the lines on the palms of hands; palmistry.

"The old woman practiced chiromancy and told fortunes for travelers."

"年老いた女性は手相占いを実践し、旅行者に未来を予言しました。" (Toshi oita josei wa tesou uranai o jissen shi, ryokousha ni mirai o yogen shimashita.)
noun C2
/kɪˈrɒpədɪst/
足病医 (asahiibi)

A healthcare professional who diagnoses and treats foot problems.

"The chiropodist treated her painful corns and calluses."

"足病医は彼女の痛いタコと鶏眼を治療した。" (Asahiibi wa kanojo no itai tako to keigen o chiryou shita.)
choleric definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/ˈkɒlərɪk/
短気な (tanki na)

Easily angered; irritable and hot-tempered.

"His choleric nature often got him into arguments."

"彼の短気な性格はよく議論に巻き込まれました。" (kare no tanki na seikaku wa yoku giron ni makikomaremashita)
chortle definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C2
/ˈtʃɔːrtl/
喜んで笑う (yorokonde warau)

to laugh in a breathy, gleeful way

"The audience chortled at the comedian's witty remarks."

"観客はコメディアンのウィットに富んだコメントにクスクスと笑った。" (Kankyaku wa komedian no witto ni tonda komento ni kusukusu to waratta.)
christendom definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈkrɪsəndəm/
キリスト教界 (kirisuto kyoukai)

the worldwide body or community of Christians

"The news spread quickly across Christendom."

"そのニュースはキリスト教界全体に素早く広まりました。" (Sono nyuusu wa kirisutokyoukai zentai ni subayaku hiromarimashita.)
chromatic definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/krəˈmætɪk/
色彩の (shikisai no)

Relating to colors or, in music, notes outside the standard scale.

"The artist used a chromatic palette to create vibrant contrasts."

"アーティストは、鮮やかなコントラストを作り出すためにクロマチックなパレットを使用しました。" (Ātisuto wa, azakana kontorasuto o tsukuridasu tame ni kuromachikku na paretto o shiyō shimashita.)
chronometer definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/krəˈnɒmɪtər/
クロノメーター (kronometa)

An instrument for measuring time precisely, especially used in navigation.

"The sailor relied on the chronometer to determine his position at sea."

"船乗りは海上で自分の位置を決めるためにクロノメーターに頼りました。" (Funanori wa kaijou de jibun no ichi wo kimeru tame ni kuronometaa ni tayorimashita.)
churl definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
😠

churl

noun C2
/tʃɜːrl/

A rude, boorish, or ill-mannered person.

"The waiter was such a churl that customers left unhappy."

churlish definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/ˈtʃɜːrlɪʃ/
無礼 (burei)

Rude in a mean-spirited and surly way.

"It would be churlish to refuse her kind invitation."

"彼女の親切な招待を断るのは無礼だろう。" (Kanojo no shinsetsuna shōtai o kotowaru no wa burei darou.)
Churning stick definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈtʃɜː.nɪŋ stɪk/
バターバトン (batā baton)

a wooden stick used for stirring and churning butter, milk, or other liquids

"Grandmother used a churning stick to make fresh butter."

"おばあさんは新鮮なバターを作るためにチャーニングスティックを使いました。" (Obāsan wa shinsen na batā o tsukuru tame ni chāningu sutikku o tsukaimashita.)
ciliated definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/ˈsɪlieɪtɪd/
繊毛を持つ (senmou wo motsu)

Having minute hairlike projections (cilia) on the surface of cells or organisms.

"The ciliated cells in the respiratory tract help move mucus out of the lungs."

"呼吸器官の繊毛細胞は粘液を肺から外に出すのを助けます。" (Kokyuu kikan no senmou saibou wa nen'eki wo hai kara soto ni dasu no wo tasukemasu.)
cineast definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈsɪniæst/
映画愛好家 (eiga aikouka)

A film enthusiast or filmmaker; a person deeply interested in cinema.

"As a true cineast, she spends most weekends watching classic films."

"真のシネアストとして、彼女はほとんどの週末をクラシック映画を観ることに費やします。" (Shin no sineasuto to shite, kanojo wa hotondo no shuumatsu o kurashikku eiga o miru koto ni費やします.)
circlet definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈsɜːrklət/

A small circular band, typically worn as an ornament on the head.

"The princess wore a golden circlet on her forehead."

circuitous definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/sərˈkjuːɪtəs/
迂回路 (ukairō)

Longer than the most direct way; roundabout.

"He took a circuitous route to avoid traffic."

"彼は渋滞を避けるために迂回路を取った。" (Kare wa jūtai o sakeru tame ni ukairō o totta.)
circumlocution definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˌsɜːrkəmləˈkjuːʃn/
遠回しの言い回し (tokomawashi no iimawashi)

the use of many words when fewer would do, especially to avoid stating something directly

"The politician's speech was filled with circumlocution."

"政治家のスピーチは遠回しの言い回しで満ちていた。" (Seijika no supīchi wa tokomawashi no iimawashi de michite ita.)
circumnavigate definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C2
/ˌsɜːrkəmˈnævɪɡeɪt/
地球を一周する (chikyū o isshū suru)

to travel all the way around something, especially the earth

"Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe."

"マゼランは最初に地球を一周した人物です。" (Mazeran wa saisho ni chikyū o isshū shita jinbutsu desu.)
circumscribe definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C2
/ˈsɜːrkəmskraɪb/
制限する (segen suru)

to limit or restrict something within boundaries

"The rules circumscribe the powers of the committee."

"ルールは委員会の権限を制限します。" (Rūru wa iinkai no kenken o segen shimasu.)
circumscribed definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/ˈsɜːrkəmskraɪbd/
制限された (seigen sareta)

restricted or limited in scope or freedom

"Her freedom of choice was circumscribed by social rules."

"彼女の選択の自由は社会的なルールによって制限されていた。" (Kanojo no sentaku no jiyū wa shakai-teki na rūru ni yotte seigen sarete ita.)
circumspect definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/ˈsɜːrkəmspekt/
用心深い (yōshin bukai)

careful and unwilling to take risks; cautious

"He was circumspect in his business dealings."

"彼はビジネスの取引で用心深かった。" (Kare wa bijinesu no torihiki de yōshin bukakatta.)
circumspection definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
ˌsɜːkəmˈspekʃən
慎重、リスクを避けること (shinchou, risuku o sakeru koto)

The quality of being wary and unwilling to take risks; prudence.

"His circumspection ensured no mistakes were made."

"彼の慎重さが間違いを犯さないようにしました。" (Kare no shinchousa ga machigai o okasanai you ni shimashita.)
clairvoyance definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/klɛərˈvɔɪəns/
透視能力 (toushi nouryoku)

the supposed ability to perceive events beyond normal sensory contact; psychic insight

"She claimed to have clairvoyance and predicted the future."

"彼女は透視能力を持っていると主張し、未来を予知しました。" (Kanojo wa toushi nouryoku o motte iru to shuchou shi, mirai o yochi shimashita.)
clairvoyant definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
🧙‍♀️

clairvoyant

noun, adjective C2
/klɛərˈvɔɪənt/

a person who claims to have clairvoyance; having the ability to see beyond normal senses

"The clairvoyant predicted that she would travel abroad soon."

clamorous definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/ˈklæmərəs/
騒々しい (sōzōshī)

making a loud and confused noise; expressing strong demands noisily

"The clamorous audience demanded an encore from the band."

"騒々しい観客がバンドにアンコールを要求した。" (Sōzōshī kankyaku ga bando ni ankōru o yōkyū shita.)
clangor definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈklæŋər/
音、騒音 (oto, souon)

A loud, resonant, and continuous noise, often metallic.

"The clangor of the church bells filled the town square."

"教会の鐘の音が町の広場に響き渡った。" (Kyōkai no kane no oto ga machi no hiroba ni hibiki watatta.)
clapper definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈklæpər/
鐘の中にある金属部品、鐘を打って音を出す (kane no naka ni aru kinzoku buhin, kane o utte oto o dasu)

The free-swinging metal piece inside a bell that strikes it to produce sound.

"The clapper inside the bell was broken."

"鐘の中の金属部品は壊れていた。" (Kane no naka no kinzoku buhin wa kowarete ita.)
Clarion definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/ˈklæriən/
大きくて明確な呼びかけ (ookikute meikakuna yobikake)

Loud and clear, like the sound of a trumpet; strongly expressed.

"The leader’s clarion call for unity inspired the crowd."

"リーダーの団結への明確な呼びかけは群衆を鼓舞した。" (Rīdā no danketsu e no meikakuna yobikake wa gunshū o kobu shita.)
clavicle definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈklævɪkəl/
鎖骨 (sakotsu)

the collarbone, a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum

"He fractured his clavicle in the accident."

"彼は事故で鎖骨を骨折した。" (Kare wa jiko de sakotsu o kossetsu shita.)
adjective C2
/ˈklɛmənt/
温和な / 慈悲深い (onga na / jihibukai)

mild or merciful; describing weather as mild and pleasant

"The prisoners hoped for a clement judge."

"囚人たちは温和な裁判官を望んでいた。" (Shūjin-tachi wa onga na saiban-kan o nozonde ita.)
noun C2
/ˈklaɪ.mɪŋ læŋ læŋ/
ランランのつる植物 (ranran no tsuru shokubutsu)

a climbing plant with fragrant flowers native to tropical regions

"The climbing lang lang vine produces beautiful fragrant flowers."

"ランランのつる植物は美しい芳香の花を生産します。" (Ranran no tsuru shokubutsu wa utsukushī hōkō no hana o seisan shimasu.)
Climbing-fish definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈklaɪmɪŋ fɪʃ/
木登り魚 (kimonoriuo)

a type of fish that can climb trees and survive out of water for short periods

"The climbing-fish can move from one pond to another by climbing trees."

"木登り魚は、木を登って一つの池から別の池へ移動することができます。" (Kimonoriuo wa, ki wo nobotte hitotsu no ike kara betsu no ike e idō suru koto ga dekimasu)
clime definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/klaɪm/
気候帯 (kikō-tai)

A region defined by its climate.

"He traveled to warmer climes during the winter."

"彼は冬の間、暖かい気候帯を旅行していた。" (Kare wa fuyu no aida, atatakai kikō-tai o ryokō shite ita.)
clipper definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈklɪpər/
バリカン / 19世紀の速い帆船 (barikan / 19 seiki no hayai hansen)

a tool used for cutting, or a fast sailing ship of the 19th century

"The barber used clippers to trim his hair."

"床屋は髪を切るためにバリカンを使いました。" (Tokoya wa kami o kiru tame ni barikan o tsukaimashita.)
cloister definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈklɔɪstər/
回廊 (kairou)

a covered walk in a convent, monastery, or cathedral, typically with a wall on one side and a colonnade open to a quadrangle on the other.

"The monks walked silently through the cloister."

"修道士たちは静かに回廊を歩いていた。" (Shūdōshi-tachi wa shizuka ni kairou o aruite ita.)
adjective C2
/ˌkloʊs ˈhɔːld/
風上に最も近い帆走 (kazami ni mottomo chikai hansou)

of a sailing ship, sailing as nearly as possible towards the direction from which the wind is blowing.

"The yacht was close-hauled as it cut through the waves."

"ヨットは波を切りながら風上に近い方向で進んでいた。" (Yotto wa nami o kirinagara kazami ni chikai hōkō de susunde ita.)
clothier definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈkloʊðiər/
衣料品商 (iryōhin-shō)

a person or company that makes, sells, or deals in clothes.

"The town’s clothier displayed fine suits in his shop window."

"町の衣料品商は店の窓に素晴らしいスーツを展示しました。" (Machi no iryōhin-shō wa mise no mado ni subarashī sūtsu o tenji shimashita.)
cloture definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈkloʊtʃər/
討論終了手続き (tōron shūryō tetsuzuki)

a procedure for ending a debate and taking a vote.

"The Senate invoked cloture to end the lengthy debate."

"上院は長時間の討論を終わらせるためにクロチュールを適用しました。" (Jōin wa chōjikan no tōron o owaraseru tame ni kurotyūru o tekiyō shimashita.)
cloudburst definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/ˈklaʊdˌbɜːrst/
突然の豪雨 (totsuzen no gōu)

a sudden and very heavy rainfall

"The picnic was ruined by a sudden cloudburst."

"ピクニックは突然の豪雨で台無しになった。" (Pikunikku wa totsuzen no gōu de dainashi ni natta.)
cloying definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C2
/ˈklɔɪ.ɪŋ/
甘ったるい (amattarui)

too sweet, rich, or sentimental, making it unpleasant

"The dessert was so cloying that I couldn't finish it."

"デザートは甘ったるすぎて、私はそれを食べ終えることができませんでした。" (Dezāto wa amattaru sugite, watashi wa sore o tabe oeru koto ga dekimasen deshita.)
coadjutor definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C2
/koʊˈædʒətər/
補佐 (hosa)

a person who helps or assists another, especially in a religious or official capacity

"The bishop appointed a coadjutor to assist him with his duties."

"司教は自分の義務を手伝うために補佐を任命した。" (Shikyō wa jibun no gimu o tetsudau tame ni hosa o ninmei shita.)