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C2 noun /ˈʌŋɡwənt/

unguent

Meaning
A soothing or healing ointment applied to the skin.
Example
The doctor applied an unguent to heal the burn.
C1 adverb /ˈkɔːrdiəli/

Cordially

Meaning
in a warm and friendly manner; sincerely
Example
You are cordially invited to our wedding ceremony.
C2 adjective /kənˈvɜːrsənt/

conversant

Meaning
familiar with or knowledgeable about something
Example
She is conversant with the latest developments in technology.
C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtwaɪnd/

intertwined

Meaning
closely connected or twisted together
Example
Their lives became deeply intertwined after the accident.
C1 noun /ˈɪmɪdʒəri/

imagery

Meaning
visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work
Example
The poet's use of imagery brought the scene to life.
C1 adjective ˈdɪs.pər.ət

disparate

Meaning
containing elements very different from one another.
Example
Their opinions were disparate, leading to debates.
C2 noun /naɪt ˈdʒæz.mɪn/

Night-jesmine

Meaning
a fragrant flowering tree that blooms at night with small white flowers
Example
The night-jasmine tree blooms only after sunset with its tiny white flowers.
C2 adjective /spæzˈmɒdɪk/

spasmodic

Meaning
occurring irregularly or in sudden bursts
Example
The patient experienced spasmodic coughing during the night.
C1 noun /əˌsæsɪˈneɪʃən/

assassination

Meaning
The act of killing someone important, often for political or ideological reasons.
Example
The assassination of the president shocked the nation.
B2 adverb /ˈklɒkwaɪz/

Clockwise

Meaning
in the direction that clock hands move; in a circular direction from left to right
Example
Turn the valve clockwise to tighten it.
B1 verb /dɪˈleɪ/

delay

Meaning
to make something happen later than planned
Example
The flight was delayed due to bad weather.
A2 adverb /ˈnoʊwɛr/

Nowhere

Meaning
not anywhere; in no place
Example
I searched everywhere but the keys were nowhere to be found.
A2 adverb /ˈsʌd.ən.li/

Suddenly

Meaning
quickly and without warning; unexpectedly
Example
The car suddenly stopped in the middle of the road.
B1 verb /dɪˈfɛnd/

defend

Meaning
To protect someone or something from harm or attack.
Example
The lawyer worked hard to defend her client.
B1 noun ˈɔːdioʊ ˈlɛsənz

audio lessons

Meaning
Educational content delivered through sound recordings, typically used for language learning and skill development.
Example
Audio lessons are useful for listening skills.
C2 verb /ˈvɛdʒɪteɪt/

vegetate

Meaning
to live in a dull, inactive, or unchallenging way, often with little physical or mental effort
Example
He spent his vacation vegetating on the couch in front of the TV.
A2 verb /ˈeksərsaɪz/

exercise

Meaning
to do physical activity; to use or practice
Example
I exercise at the gym three times a week.
C1 noun /ˌkɒrəˈneɪʃən/

coronation

Meaning
the act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign or monarch
Example
The coronation of the new king was attended by thousands of people.
B2 noun /ˈɔːltər/

Altar

Meaning
a raised structure on which offerings or sacrifices are made to a deity
Example
The bride and groom stood before the altar during the ceremony.
C2 noun /dɪˈtraɪtəs/

detritus

Meaning
Waste or debris of any kind; fragments left from destruction or decay.
Example
The riverbank was covered with detritus after the flood.
C2 noun /ˈfɔːrkɔːrt/

forecourt

Meaning
an open area in front of a large building, especially a petrol station or hotel
Example
The car was parked in the hotel forecourt.
C2 noun /ɪˌpɪstəˈmɒlədʒi/

epistemology

Meaning
The branch of philosophy that studies the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge.
Example
Epistemology explores the difference between justified belief and opinion.
C1 noun /ˈwɔː.tər ˌlɪl.i/

Water-lily

Meaning
a floating flower that grows on the surface of ponds and lakes
Example
The white water-lily floated gracefully on the pond.
B2 noun /ˈskuːtər/

scooter

Meaning
a small two-wheeled vehicle powered by an engine or electricity
Example
She rides a scooter to work every day.
C2 adjective /ˈtæsɪtɜrn/

taciturn

Meaning
reserved or uncommunicative in speech; saying little
Example
He was a taciturn man who rarely spoke in meetings.
C2 adjective /ˈfʌŋɡəs/

fungous

Meaning
relating to or resembling a fungus
Example
The damp basement had a fungous smell.
B2 noun /ˈstiː.mər/

Steamer

Meaning
a ship or boat powered by steam engines
Example
The old steamer crossed the river slowly.
B1 noun /ˈkɔːrɪdɔːr/

corridor

Meaning
a long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms
Example
The students waited quietly in the corridor.
C2 noun /ˈrɛvəlri/

revelry

Meaning
Lively and noisy festivities, especially involving drinking and dancing.
Example
The sound of revelry could be heard throughout the night.
A2 noun /ˈɪntəvjuː/

interview

Meaning
A meeting of people face to face, especially for consultation.
Example
The interview was conducted in a calm and professional manner.
B2 noun /ɪnˈdʒɛkʃən/

injection

Meaning
the act of introducing a substance into the body through a needle
Example
The nurse gave me an injection to prevent the infection.
C1 noun /ˈɡreɪvstoʊn/

gravestone

Meaning
A stone that marks a grave, usually inscribed with the name of the deceased.
Example
The gravestone had her name carved beautifully.
A2 adjective /trəˈdɪʃənəl/

Traditional

Meaning
relating to or following long-established customs; conventional
Example
They had a traditional wedding ceremony.
A1 noun /jɪə/

year

Meaning
a period of 365 or 366 days, divided into 12 months
Example
This year, we are planning a trip to the mountains.
A1 verb /biː/

be

Meaning
To exist, to occur, or to have a particular quality.
Example
She wants to be a doctor.
B1 noun /ˈlɔː.jər/

Lawyer

Meaning
a person who practices or studies law; an attorney or a counselor
Example
She hired a lawyer to handle her case.
C1 verb /ˌmɪsˈkaʊnt/

miscount

Meaning
To count wrongly or inaccurately.
Example
He miscounted the number of chairs in the hall.
C2 adjective /ˈɡaɪlləs/

guileless

Meaning
Innocent and without deceit
Example
Her guileless smile won everyone’s heart.
C2 noun /ˌædjʊˈleɪʃən/

adulation

Meaning
excessive admiration or flattery
Example
The singer enjoyed the adulation of her fans.
C2 adjective /ˌkɒn.tjʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/

contumacious

Meaning
stubbornly disobedient or rebellious
Example
The contumacious student refused to follow the school rules.
B2 noun /ˈraɪfəl/

Rifle

Meaning
a gun with a long barrel that is fired from the shoulder
Example
The soldier carried a rifle during the mission.
B1 verb /ˈbrɔːdˌkæst/

broadcast

Meaning
to transmit a program or information by radio, television, or online media
Example
The match was broadcast live on television.
C2 noun /ˌɪnkænˈteɪʃən/

incantation

Meaning
a series of words used as a magic spell or charm
Example
The wizard chanted an incantation to summon the spirits.
B1 adjective /ˌel.ɪˈmen.tər.i/

Elementary

Meaning
basic; fundamental; primary level
Example
He learned elementary mathematics in school.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɒdi/

embody

Meaning
To give tangible or visible form to an idea, quality, or feeling.
Example
She embodies the spirit of generosity.
C1 verb /ʃʌnt/

shunt

Meaning
to move or turn aside; to push or divert from one track to another
Example
The train was shunted onto a different track.
C2 noun /ˈpɑr.bəl/

Parbal

Meaning
A green vegetable also known as pointed gourd, commonly used in South Asian cuisine
Example
Mother prepared parbal curry with fish.
C1 adjective /oʊˈvɜːrt/

overt

Meaning
Done or shown openly; not hidden or secret.
Example
There was an overt display of hostility between the rivals.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpruːv/

disprove

Meaning
to show that something is false or wrong
Example
The scientist worked hard to disprove the old theory.
C2 noun /ˈæpədʒiː/

apogee

Meaning
the highest or most distant point; the climax or peak of something
Example
The empire reached its apogee during the 18th century.
B2 noun /tɪˈlɑpiə fɪʃ/

Tilapia fish

Meaning
a freshwater fish native to Africa, widely farmed for food due to its mild taste and fast growth
Example
Tilapia fish is one of the most commonly farmed fish species worldwide.
B1 adjective /ədˈvɛnʧərəs/

adventurous

Meaning
Willing to take risks or try out new methods, ideas, or experiences.
Example
They participated in adventurous activities like kayaking and hiking.
C1 noun /ˈdɛsɪˌbɛl/

decibel

Meaning
a unit used to measure the intensity of sound
Example
The noise level in the factory exceeded 90 decibels.
B2 adjective /rɪˈspɒn.sɪv/

Responsive

Meaning
reacting quickly and positively; readily reacting to suggestions or changes
Example
The website is very responsive and loads quickly on all devices.
C1 adjective /ˈraʊ.di/

Rowdy

Meaning
disorderly; unruly; noisy and disruptive
Example
The rowdy children were making too much noise.
A2 noun /bɒs/

boss

Meaning
a person who is in charge of a worker, group, or organization
Example
Her boss gave her a new project to complete.
B2 adjective /ɪˈreɡjələr/

irregular

Meaning
not even or consistent in shape, pattern, time, or behavior; not following normal rules
Example
His attendance at work has been irregular this month.
A1 noun /ˈbrʌðər/

brother

Meaning
a male sibling
Example
My brother is two years older than me.
C2 adjective /ˌfærɪˈseɪɪkəl/

pharisaical

Meaning
Excessively concerned with formal rules or outward show of morality, often in a hypocritical way.
Example
His pharisaical behavior made people doubt his sincerity.
A2 noun ˈtʃælɪndʒ

challenge

Meaning
A call to take part in a contest or competition, especially a demanding or stimulating one; a task or situation that tests someone's abilities.
Example
Plastic pollution poses a significant challenge to global health.
B2 verb /ˈsmʌɡəl/

smuggle

Meaning
to move goods illegally into or out of a country
Example
The gang tried to smuggle gold across the border.
B2 adjective /brɪsk/

Brisk

Meaning
quick and energetic; lively; vigorous
Example
She took a brisk walk in the morning to feel energized.
C2 noun /ˈdɛsɪkənt/

desiccant

Meaning
a substance that absorbs moisture and keeps things dry
Example
Silica gel packets are commonly used as a desiccant in packaging.
A2 adjective /ˈpɒp.jʊ.lər/

Popular

Meaning
liked or admired by many people; well-known and widely accepted
Example
This restaurant is very popular among young people.
A2 noun /pɛt/

pet

Meaning
a domesticated animal kept for companionship or pleasure
Example
My dog is my favorite pet.
C1 verb /ˈskwɒndər/

squander

Meaning
to waste money, time, or opportunities in a careless way
Example
He squandered his inheritance on gambling.
A2 noun ˈmuːv.mənt

movement

Meaning
A group of people working together to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas.
Example
The movement aimed to ensure equal rights.
A2 adjective /ˈreɪ.ni/

Rainy

Meaning
characterized by rain; wet from rain; having much rain
Example
It was a rainy day, so we stayed indoors.
C1 noun /ˈoʊvərˌtoʊn/

overtone

Meaning
A subtle quality, implication, or additional meaning beyond the obvious.
Example
His speech had political overtones that were hard to ignore.
B1 adjective /ˈmʌl.tɪ.pl̩/

Multiple

Meaning
having many parts, elements, or members; numerous
Example
She suffered multiple injuries in the accident.
B2 noun /ˈlɒbstər/

Lobster

Meaning
a large marine crustacean with claws and a hard shell
Example
The lobster was served with melted butter and lemon.
C1 noun /ˈdaɪnəˌmoʊ/

dynamo

Meaning
A machine that generates electricity; a person with great energy and enthusiasm.
Example
She is the real dynamo behind the success of the company.
B2 noun /eɪd/

aide

Meaning
An assistant or helper, especially to an important person.
Example
The senator’s aide organized the meeting with journalists.
C2 noun /ˈnɪn.i/

Ninny

Meaning
a silly or foolish person; someone who lacks common sense
Example
Don't be such a ninny, use your brain!
B2 noun /ˈʌndərkləʊðz/

underclothes

Meaning
Clothing worn beneath outer clothes, such as underwear or lingerie
Example
He folded his underclothes neatly before packing them.
C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈspɛktɪv/

Irrespective

Meaning
without taking something into account; regardless of
Example
All students will be treated equally, irrespective of their background.
B2 verb /tæp/

tap

Meaning
to strike something lightly, usually with a quick, sharp sound
Example
He tapped on the door to get her attention.
B1 noun /poʊl/

pole

Meaning
a long, slender, vertical object or structure, typically made of wood, metal, or another material
Example
They placed the flag on top of the pole.
B2 noun ˈænsɛstərz

Ancestors

Meaning
A person from whom one is descended; a forefather.
Example
The family tree shows the names of all ancestors.
C1 adverb /ˌðɛərˈtu/

Thereto

Meaning
to that; in addition to that
Example
The house and the garden attached thereto were sold.
C2 noun /ˈdʒʌɡləri/

jugglery

Meaning
The performance of tricks and illusions, especially by sleight of hand.
Example
The magician's jugglery amazed the audience.
B1 noun, verb /ˈmɜːrdər/

murder

Meaning
the unlawful killing of a person; to kill someone unlawfully and intentionally
Example
The detective investigated the murder that shocked the town.
A1 determiner/pronoun/conjunction/adverb /ˈaɪðər/ or /ˈiːðər/

either

Meaning
Used to indicate a choice between two alternatives.
Example
You can either call me tonight or send me an email.
B2 adjective /səbˈstæn.ʃəl/

Substantial

Meaning
large in size, amount, or importance; considerable; significant
Example
There was a substantial increase in sales this quarter.
C2 noun /kəˈrɑːləri/

corollary

Meaning
a direct or natural consequence or result
Example
One corollary of the new policy was increased public awareness.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈnætʃərəl/

Unnatural

Meaning
not existing in nature; artificial; forced
Example
The actor's smile looked unnatural and forced.
C2 adjective /ˈdekərəs/

decorous

Meaning
showing proper and polite behavior; marked by good taste
Example
The audience gave a decorous applause after the performance.
A2 noun /θiːf/

Thief

Meaning
a person who steals things from others
Example
The thief was caught stealing from the jewelry store.
B2 noun /ˈpoʊ.di.əm/

Podium

Meaning
a small platform on which a person may stand to be seen by an audience
Example
The winner stood on the podium to receive the gold medal.
C2 noun /ˈɡloʊmɪŋ/

gloaming

Meaning
The time of day after the sun has set and before it is completely dark; twilight.
Example
We walked home together in the quiet gloaming.
C1 noun ˈledʒ.ɪ.slə.tʃər

legislature

Meaning
The legislative body of a country or state; the branch of government that makes laws.
Example
The legislature drafts laws for governance.
B2 noun /dɪsˈtrɛs/

distress

Meaning
extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain
Example
He felt a deep sense of distress when he heard the bad news.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpres.ɪv/

Repressive

Meaning
restraining freedom or preventing self-expression; oppressive
Example
The repressive government banned all forms of protest.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəbl/

intelligible

Meaning
Able to be understood; clear enough to be comprehended.
Example
Her speech was barely intelligible over the noise.
C2 adjective /ˈbʌksəm/

buxom

Meaning
Plump, with a full figure and often large-breasted, especially used to describe women.
Example
The actress was described as a cheerful and buxom woman.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈdɛrəlɪkt/

derelict

Meaning
in poor condition due to neglect or disuse; a homeless or neglected person
Example
The old factory stood derelict for decades.
B2 adverb /ˈkɒnsɪkwəntli/

consequently

Meaning
as a result; therefore
Example
He didn’t study, and consequently he failed the exam.
C2 verb /kənˈvʌls/

convulse

Meaning
to shake violently; to suffer sudden involuntary contractions
Example
The patient convulsed during the seizure.
C2 adjective /ˈstɜːr.tər.əs/

stertorous

Meaning
Characterized by heavy snoring or breathing.
Example
The patient’s stertorous breathing alarmed the nurses.
B2 noun /ˈen.ə.dʒi sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti/

energy security

Meaning
The reliable availability of energy sources at an affordable price for a nation or region.
Example
Energy security ensures consistent supply.
B2 noun ˈstræt.ɪ.dʒiz

strategies

Meaning
A plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall aim; the art of planning and directing operations.
Example
Effective strategies can mitigate climate change impacts.
C2 verb /ˈbækˌslaɪd/

backslide

Meaning
To relapse into bad habits, undesirable practices, or moral decline.
Example
After months of progress, he began to backslide into old habits.
B1 noun /ˈɛdɪtər/

editor

Meaning
a person responsible for the final content of a newspaper, magazine, or book
Example
The editor approved the article before publication.
C2 noun /ˈmɪn.i.ən/

minion

Meaning
A follower or underling of a powerful person, especially a servile one.
Example
The dictator was surrounded by loyal minions who carried out his orders.
C2 adjective /ˈɛrzæts/

ersatz

Meaning
made or used as a substitute, typically an inferior one
Example
The cheap shoes were made of ersatz leather.
C2 noun /ænˈtɪpədiːz/

antipodes

Meaning
places on opposite sides of the Earth; also refers to things that are direct opposites
Example
Australia and Britain are often considered antipodes of each other.
C1 adjective ˈɪn.tər.ɪm

interim

Meaning
In or for the intervening period; provisional or temporary.
Example
Interim governments manage transitional phases.
C1 adjective /ˈprɪs.tiːn/

pristine

Meaning
In its original condition; unspoiled, clean, and fresh.
Example
The forest remains in a pristine condition.
B1 adjective /ɪkˈspɛktɪd/

expected

Meaning
Regarded as likely to happen; anticipated or predicted.
Example
The unemployment rate is expected to decline further.
B2 noun ˈæmbɪəns

ambience

Meaning
The character and atmosphere of a place.
Example
The restaurant's ambience was relaxed and inviting, perfect for a casual dinner.
C1 noun ˌhaɪ.droʊˈpɒn.ɪks

hydroponics

Meaning
Growing plants using nutrient-rich water instead of soil.
Example
Hydroponics allows crops to grow without soil.
A2 noun /fəˈtɒɡrəfə/

photographer

Meaning
a person who takes photographs professionally
Example
The photographer captured the beauty of nature.
A1 noun /ˈmʌn.deɪ/

monday

Meaning
the first day of the working week following Sunday
Example
I start my new job on Monday.
C1 verb /ˈkwɪvər/

quiver

Meaning
To tremble or shake with slight but rapid motion.
Example
Her lips began to quiver as she tried not to cry.
A1 adjective /ˈfʌn.i/

Funny

Meaning
humorous; strange; amusing;
Example
He told a funny joke that made everyone laugh.
A2 noun ədˈvɛnʧər

Adventure

Meaning
An unusual and exciting experience or activity that is typically bold and sometimes risky.
Example
Adventure travel is loved by thrill-seekers.
A1 preposition /baɪ/

by

Meaning
indicating the agent performing an action, or the means of achieving something
Example
The book was written by a famous author.
B2 verb /ˈtɜːrmɪˌneɪt/

terminate

Meaning
to bring something to an end or to stop something from continuing
Example
The company decided to terminate his contract.
C1 noun /ˈaʊtˌɡroʊθ/

outgrowth

Meaning
something that grows out of something else; a natural development or result
Example
The new policy was an outgrowth of years of debate.
B1 noun /ˈɡaɪ.dəns/

Guidance

Meaning
advice or information aimed at resolving a problem or difficulty; leadership or direction
Example
The teacher provided valuable guidance to help students choose their career paths.
C1 verb /ˈdæmpən/

dampen

Meaning
to make something slightly wet; to make something less strong, active, or intense
Example
The rain dampened the excitement of the outdoor concert.