twinge
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C1 noun /twɪndʒ/

twinge

Meaning
a sudden, sharp pain or an emotional pang
Example
He felt a twinge of guilt after lying to his friend.
C1 noun ˌtraɪ.bjuˈnæl əv ˈdʒʌs.tɪs

tribunal of justice

Meaning
A court of justice or judicial body that settles disputes or tries offenses.
Example
The Tribunal of Justice started the hearings promptly.
B2 noun /ˈtɛmpoʊ/

tempo

Meaning
The speed or pace at which a piece of music or activity is performed.
Example
The band played the song at a faster tempo than usual.
C2 adjective /ˈtjuːtɪlɑːr/

tutelar

Meaning
Serving as a guardian or protector.
Example
The tutelar spirit of the forest was believed to protect travelers.
C2 verb /ˈtɪtəleɪt/

titillate

Meaning
To excite or amuse, especially in a slightly sexual or playful way.
Example
The comedian's jokes titillated the audience.
A1 verb /θroʊ/

throw

Meaning
to send something through the air with force using your hand
Example
He can throw the ball very far.
C1 verb trænˈsɛnd

transcend

Meaning
To go beyond the limits of something; to surpass or exceed
Example
His effort to transcend traditional methods was commendable.
C1 noun/verb /ˈtæm.pər.ɪŋ/

tampering

Meaning
The action of interfering with something in order to cause damage or make unauthorized alterations.
Example
Tampering with evidence is a criminal offense.
B1 noun /treɪl/

trail

Meaning
a path or track left by something that has passed
Example
The hikers followed the trail through the forest.
C2 adjective /ˈtaɪmwɔːrn/

timeworn

Meaning
Worn or impaired by age; old and used many times.
Example
The timeworn house carried a sense of history and nostalgia.
C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrʃieri/

tertiary

Meaning
third in order, rank, or level
Example
He is pursuing his tertiary education at the university.
C2 noun /θiˈɒkrəsi/

theocracy

Meaning
A system of government in which priests or religious leaders rule in the name of God or a deity.
Example
The country was governed as a theocracy where religious leaders had supreme authority.
B2 noun /ˈtɛlɪˌskoʊp/

telescope

Meaning
An optical instrument used to make distant objects appear closer and larger by collecting and focusing light.
Example
The astronomer used a telescope to observe the distant planets.
C2 verb /tæmp/

tamp

Meaning
to press down tightly by packing
Example
He tamped the soil around the plant to secure it.
C2 verb /trænzˈmjuːt/

transmute

Meaning
to change in form, nature, or substance
Example
Alchemy aimed to transmute lead into gold.
C2 noun /ˈtʊrnɪkɪt/

tourniquet

Meaning
a device used to stop bleeding by compressing blood vessels
Example
The medic applied a tourniquet to stop the bleeding.
C1 noun/verb /tɔːrˈpiːdoʊ/

torpedo

Meaning
A self-propelled underwater missile; to attack or destroy something suddenly and forcefully.
Example
The submarine launched a torpedo at the enemy ship.
B1 noun /ˈtriːtmənt/

Treatment

Meaning
medical care given to a patient for an illness or injury; the action of treating someone or something
Example
The doctor recommended a new treatment for her condition.
B2 noun /tɔːrˈneɪdoʊ/

tornado

Meaning
a rapidly rotating column of air in contact with the ground and clouds, often destructive
Example
The tornado destroyed several houses in the village.
B2 noun /ˌtɜːrməˈnɑːlədʒi/

terminology

Meaning
the set of technical or special words used in a particular subject
Example
Medical terminology can be difficult for new students to understand.
B1 verb /trænsˈleɪt/

translate

Meaning
to express words or text in another language
Example
She can translate five languages.
B2 adjective /traɪˈʌmfənt/

Triumphant

Meaning
having won a battle or contest; rejoicing as a result of success
Example
The team was triumphant after winning the championship.
C1 noun /trʌsˈtiː/

trustee

Meaning
a person who holds or manages property or assets for the benefit of others
Example
She was appointed as the trustee of the family estate.
B2 noun /θɔːn/

Thorn

Meaning
a sharp pointed part of a plant; something that causes pain or annoyance
Example
Be careful of the thorns on the rose bush.
B2 noun /ˈtɔːr.ment/

Torment

Meaning
severe physical or mental suffering; extreme pain or anguish
Example
The prisoner endured years of torment in solitary confinement.
A2 adjective /taɪt/

tight

Meaning
firmly held in place, not loose or slack
Example
The knot was too tight to untie.
B2 noun /ˈtjuːmər/

tumor

Meaning
an abnormal mass of tissue caused by excessive cell growth
Example
The doctor found a benign tumor during the medical check-up.
C1 adverb /ˈðɛərfɔːr/

therefor

Meaning
For that or for it.
Example
He received payment and gave a receipt therefor.
C1 noun /ˈtæn.dəm/

Tandem

Meaning
a bicycle built for two riders, one behind the other
Example
The couple enjoyed riding their tandem bicycle through the park.
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːrpɪd/

torpid

Meaning
Mentally or physically inactive; sluggish or lethargic.
Example
After the long hike, he felt torpid and unmotivated.
C2 noun /təˈmɛrɪti/

temerity

Meaning
Excessive confidence or boldness; audacity.
Example
He had the temerity to challenge the professor’s argument.
C1 adjective /ˈtɪklɪʃ/

ticklish

Meaning
easily made to laugh by being touched lightly; easily upset or sensitive
Example
She is very ticklish and bursts into laughter when touched on her feet.
A1 adverb /təˈmɒroʊ/

Tomorrow

Meaning
on the day after today; in the future
Example
Tomorrow we will visit the museum.
B2 noun /taɪˈfuːn/

typhoon

Meaning
a tropical storm in the region of the Indian or western Pacific oceans
Example
The typhoon caused severe flooding in the coastal areas.
C1 noun /təˈræntjʊlə/

tarantula

Meaning
A large hairy spider found in warm regions.
Example
The tarantula crawled across the desert floor.
C1 noun /təˈpɒɡrəfi/

topography

Meaning
the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area
Example
The topography of the region made construction very challenging.
C2 noun /ˈtɜːrməɡənt/

termagant

Meaning
A harsh-tempered or overbearing woman.
Example
The character was portrayed as a loud and domineering termagant.
B1 noun trend

trend

Meaning
A general direction in which something is developing or changing; a pattern or tendency.
Example
The current trend of deforestation is alarming.
B1 noun /ˈtɛkstbʊk/

textbook

Meaning
a book used for studying a subject in school or college
Example
She bought a new biology textbook for her class.
C1 noun /ˌtɒləˈreɪʃən/

toleration

Meaning
The practice of allowing something that one does not necessarily agree with.
Example
The government promoted religious toleration.
C1 noun /ˈtrɛtʃəri/

treachery

Meaning
Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or nature.
Example
His treachery was revealed when he sided with the enemy.
C2 noun /ˈtruːɪzəm/

truism

Meaning
a statement that is obviously true and says nothing new or interesting
Example
It is a truism that hard work leads to success.
B2 noun /θred/

thread

Meaning
a long, thin strand of cotton, nylon, or other fibers used for sewing
Example
She used a red thread to sew the torn button back on.
B2 noun /ˈtoʊ.kən/

token

Meaning
A symbol or object that represents something, often given as a sign of appreciation or as a substitute for money.
Example
She gave him a small gift as a token of gratitude.
B2 noun /ˈtes.tɪ.moʊ.ni/

Testimony

Meaning
a formal written or spoken statement given in a court of law; evidence or proof
Example
The witness gave compelling testimony during the trial.
B1 noun /tɔːrtʃ/

Torch

Meaning
a portable electric lamp powered by batteries; a flaming stick used for light
Example
Use the torch to find your way in the dark.
A1 adjective /taɪəd/

Tired

Meaning
feeling exhausted; in need of sleep or rest
Example
I am too tired to continue working.
B2 noun /ˈtɪmbər/

timber

Meaning
wood prepared for use in building and carpentry
Example
The house was built entirely from local timber.
C1 noun /ˌtrɛpɪˈdeɪʃən/

trepidation

Meaning
a feeling of fear or anxiety about something that may happen
Example
She opened the letter with some trepidation.
B2 verb /ˈtrɪɡər/

trigger

Meaning
To cause something to happen or start, often suddenly.
Example
The loud noise triggered the alarm system.
C2 adjective /ˈθrɛdˌbɛr/

threadbare

Meaning
Worn out and thin from too much use; shabby.
Example
His threadbare coat could not keep him warm in winter.
A1 verb /θæŋk/

Thank

Meaning
to express gratitude or appreciation to someone
Example
She thanked her teacher for the extra help.
A2 verb /triːt/

treat

Meaning
to behave toward someone or something in a particular way
Example
The doctor treated me with great care during my recovery.
B2 adverb /ˈtaɪtli/

Tightly

Meaning
in a tight manner; firmly; securely
Example
Hold the rope tightly so you don't fall.
C1 noun /ˈtɛknɪk/

technic

Meaning
A method, skill, or art in a particular field, especially in the arts or sciences.
Example
The artist’s technic in watercolor impressed the judges.
C1 noun /taɪˈpɒɡrəfi/

typography

Meaning
the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible and visually appealing
Example
Good typography improves the readability of a website.
A1 noun /ˈtjuːzdeɪ/

tuesday

Meaning
The second day of the week, following Monday and preceding Wednesday.
Example
We have a meeting scheduled for Tuesday.
C1 adjective /ˈtɛmpərət/

temperate

Meaning
showing moderation or self-restraint; also describing mild climate.
Example
He is known for his temperate behavior even in stressful situations.
B2 noun ˈθrɛʃhəʊld

threshold

Meaning
A point of entry or beginning; the magnitude or intensity that must be exceeded for a certain reaction to occur.
Example
Once the threshold for pest population is reached, measures must be taken.
A2 noun /ˈtaɪ.ɡər/

Tiger

Meaning
a very large solitary cat with a yellow-brown coat striped with black, native to the forests of Asia
Example
The tiger hunted silently through the jungle.
C2 verb /ˈtrʌŋkeɪt/

truncate

Meaning
to shorten something by cutting off the top or the end
Example
The article was truncated to fit the limited space.
C1 adjective /ˌtɒpsi ˈtɜːvi/

topsy-turvy

Meaning
in a state of confusion, disorder, or upside down
Example
The sudden announcement left the office in a topsy-turvy state.
B2 noun /ˈteɪ.lər/

Tailor

Meaning
a person whose job is making and altering clothes
Example
The tailor measured him for a new suit.
C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃuəs/

tortuous

Meaning
Full of twists and turns; excessively complex or complicated.
Example
The tortuous mountain road made driving very difficult.
C1 noun trænˈsɛndəns

transcendence

Meaning
Existence or experience beyond the normal or physical level.
Example
The artist's work was a symbol of transcendence in creativity.
A2 noun /ˈtaɪm.teɪ.bəl/

Timetable

Meaning
a schedule showing planned activities or events at particular times
Example
Please check the train timetable for departure times.
C2 adjective /ˈtrʌk.jʊ.lənt/

truculent

Meaning
Eager or quick to argue, fight, or show aggression.
Example
She became truculent when her ideas were challenged.
B1 noun /ˈtʌnəl/

tunnel

Meaning
an underground passage or shaft
Example
They dug a tunnel under the river.
C1 noun /ˈtraɪ.fəl/

Trifle

Meaning
something of little importance or value; a small amount
Example
Don't worry about such a trifle; it's not worth your time.
A2 pronoun /ðɛərz/

theirs

Meaning
belonging to them; that which is theirs
Example
This book is theirs, not ours.
B2 adjective /ˈtɛlɪŋ/

telling

Meaning
Revealing something significant or giving important information.
Example
Her silence was more telling than words.
A2 noun /ˈtrævələr/

traveler

Meaning
a person who is traveling or who often travels
Example
The traveler rested at a small inn after a long journey.
C1 noun /twɪt/

Twit

Meaning
a silly or foolish person; to tease or make fun of someone
Example
Don't be such a twit and listen carefully.
B1 noun taɪm ˈmænɪdʒmənt

time management

Meaning
The process of planning and exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on specific activities
Example
Time management is crucial for success.
B2 adjective ˌtræns.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən.əl

transformational

Meaning
Causing or able to cause an important and lasting change in someone or something.
Example
Transformational projects redefine progress.
C2 adjective /ˈtɔɪl.səm/

toilsome

Meaning
Involving hard or exhausting work; laborious.
Example
The workers had a toilsome day in the hot sun.
A1 noun /θæŋks/

thanks

Meaning
an expression of gratitude
Example
Thanks for helping me with the project.
C2 noun /tʊˈriːn/

tureen

Meaning
A large deep dish with a cover, used for serving soups or stews.
Example
She brought the hot soup to the table in a silver tureen.
C2 adverb /ˈtrɛbli/

trebly

Meaning
in a triple manner or to a threefold degree
Example
The sound was trebly distorted through the old speakers.
B2 adjective /ˈtaɪərləs/

tireless

Meaning
Showing great effort or energy without becoming tired.
Example
She worked tirelessly to complete the project on time.
C2 adjective ˈtɛnsaɪl

tensile

Meaning
Relating to tension; capable of being stretched.
Example
The tensile strength of the material is crucial for the construction project.
B2 noun /ˈtæksˌpeɪər/

taxpayer

Meaning
a person who pays tax to the government
Example
The taxpayers' money is used to fund public services.
B2 noun /ˈtʌndrə/

tundra

Meaning
A vast, flat, treeless Arctic region where the subsoil is permanently frozen.
Example
Polar bears roam across the icy tundra.
B2 verb /ˈtɛmpər/

temper

Meaning
to moderate, soften, or tone down something; also to strengthen by heat treatment (as in metal).
Example
She tried to temper her criticism with kindness.
C1 noun/verb /θrɒŋ/

throng

Meaning
A large, densely packed crowd of people or animals; to fill or be present in a place in large numbers.
Example
Tourists thronged the streets during the festival.
C2 noun /trʌs/

truss

Meaning
a framework, typically consisting of rafters, posts, and struts, supporting a roof, bridge, or other structure
Example
The engineer designed a strong truss for the new bridge.
B2 noun /ˈθɪk.nəs/

thickness

Meaning
The measure of how thick or dense something is
Example
The thickness of the book made it hard to carry.
B2 adjective ˌtek.nəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl

technological

Meaning
Relating to or involving technology, especially scientific technology.
Example
Technological advancements enable futuristic projects.
A1 noun /tɒp/

top

Meaning
the highest or uppermost point, part, or surface of something
Example
The book is on the top shelf.
C1 noun /trænsˈfɜːrər/

transferrer

Meaning
A person who transfers something, such as property, rights, or responsibilities, to another.
Example
The transferrer is responsible for ensuring the property is legally passed on.
C1 noun /ˈtræpɪŋz/

trappings

Meaning
the outward signs, features, or objects associated with a role, event, or status
Example
The king appeared with all the trappings of royalty.
B2 verb /tiːz/

Tease

Meaning
to make fun of someone in a playful or unkind way
Example
Children often tease their younger siblings playfully.
C2 noun /ˌtɜːdʒɪvərˈseɪʃən/

tergiversation

Meaning
Evasion of straightforward action or speech; changing sides or being inconsistent.
Example
The politician’s tergiversation frustrated his supporters.
C2 noun /ˈtɔːrpər/

torpor

Meaning
A state of physical or mental inactivity; lethargy.
Example
The heat induced a state of torpor in the workers.
A1 pronoun /ðɛm/

them

Meaning
used to refer to people or things previously mentioned or easily identified
Example
I saw them at the park yesterday.
B1 noun ˈθer.ə.pi

therapy

Meaning
Treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder; the treatment of a mental or physical disorder.
Example
Gene therapy offers hope for genetic disorders.
A1 adjective /θɜrd/

third

Meaning
constituting number three in a sequence
Example
She finished in third place.
B2 noun /traɪb/

tribe

Meaning
a social group consisting of people with common customs, language, and culture
Example
The tribe lived in harmony with nature.
B1 noun /ˈtaɪ.təl/

Title

Meaning
the name of a book, movie, or other work; a word used before someone's name to show rank or status
Example
The title of the book is very interesting.
C1 adjective /ˈten.tə.tɪv/

Tentative

Meaning
not certain or fixed; provisional; hesitant or unsure
Example
We made tentative plans to meet next week.
C1 verb /ˈtrɪkl̩/

trickle

Meaning
To flow or fall in a small, slow stream or drops.
Example
Water began to trickle down the wall after the heavy rain.
B2 noun /təˈreɪn/

terrain

Meaning
a stretch of land, especially with regard to its physical features
Example
The soldiers had to cross rough terrain during the mission.
C2 verb /ˈtæri/

tarry

Meaning
To delay or linger; to stay longer than intended.
Example
Do not tarry, or you will miss the train.
C2 noun /ˈtrɛsəl/

trestle

Meaning
a frame or support consisting of a horizontal beam held up by two pairs of sloping legs, used especially for supporting a bridge or table
Example
The workers built a wooden trestle to support the temporary bridge.
C1 verb /ˈtrɛspəs/

trespass

Meaning
to enter someone's land or property without permission
Example
He was fined for trespassing on private land.
C1 noun /ˈtraɪæd/

triad

Meaning
a group of three closely related people or things
Example
The project was managed by a triad of experts.
B1 noun /træp/

Trap

Meaning
a device or enclosure designed to catch and retain animals, or a situation from which it is difficult to escape
Example
The mouse was caught in the trap overnight.
B2 noun /θret/

Threat

Meaning
a statement of intention to inflict harm; a person or thing likely to cause danger
Example
The storm poses a serious threat to coastal areas.
A2 noun /træʃ/

Trash

Meaning
waste material; refuse; something of poor quality or little value
Example
Please take out the trash before you leave.
B1 adjective /ˈtrɪki/

Tricky

Meaning
requiring skill or careful handling; difficult to deal with
Example
This math problem is quite tricky to solve.
C2 noun /troʊθ/

troth

Meaning
Faith or loyalty when pledged in a solemn agreement or vow, especially in marriage.
Example
He pledged his troth to her before the gathering.
C1 noun /trɔːf/

trough

Meaning
A long, narrow container from which animals eat or drink; also, a low point between waves or in business cycles.
Example
The cows drank water from the wooden trough.
C2 noun ট্রোপোস্ফিয়ার

troposphere

Meaning
The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere where weather phenomena occur.
Example
The troposphere is where weather phenomena occur.
A2 noun /ˈtɜːr.nɪŋ/

Turning

Meaning
a place where a road branches off from another; a side road
Example
Take the first turning on the left.
B1 verb /ter/

tear

Meaning
to pull apart or damage by force; to rip
Example
Be careful not to tear the paper.
C1 adjective /ˈtɪpsi/

tipsy

Meaning
slightly drunk
Example
She felt tipsy after just one glass of wine.
C1 noun /ˈtriːzən/

Treason

Meaning
the crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill or overthrow the sovereign or government
Example
He was accused of treason against the state.
C2 noun /ˌtrænspəˈzɪʃən/

transposition

Meaning
the act of changing the order or position of something
Example
The transposition of digits caused an error in the calculation.
B2 noun /trəˈdɪʃ.ən.əl ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi/

traditional economy

Meaning
An economic system based on customs and traditions, often involving barter trade.
Example
Tribes still practice a traditional economy based on barter trade.
B2 adjective /ˈtɒlərənt/

tolerant

Meaning
Showing willingness to allow the existence of opinions or behaviors that one dislikes or disagrees with.
Example
He is very tolerant of other people's beliefs.
B2 noun /ˈtɛl.ər/

teller

Meaning
A person who counts and manages money at a bank; a person who tells or relates something
Example
The bank teller counted the cash carefully before handing it over.