B2 verb ˈtrænsfɔːrm

transform

Meaning

To change in form, appearance, or structure; metamorphose.

Example

Volunteering can transform lives and communities.

C1 noun /ˈtɛnəmənt/

tenement

Meaning

a large building divided into separate apartments, often in poor condition

Example

The family lived in a crowded tenement in the city.

C1 noun /ˈtrɪb.jə.ter.i/

Tributary

Meaning

a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake

Example

The tributary joins the main river near the city.

C1 noun ˈθɜː.məl stres

thermal stress

Meaning

Stress caused by excessive heat that affects plant growth and development.

Example

High thermal stress affects plant growth.

C1 noun /təˈlɛpəθi/

telepathy

Meaning

the supposed communication of thoughts or ideas by means other than the known senses

Example

The twins claimed to share telepathy with each other.

A2 noun trʌst

trust

Meaning

Firm belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of someone or something; confidence placed in a person by making that person the nominal owner of property.

Example

Building trust is essential for long-term relationships.

C1 noun /ˈtrɪkstər/

trickster

Meaning

A person who cheats or deceives people.

Example

The old man turned out to be a clever trickster who fooled everyone.

A2 adjective /ˈθɜːr.sti/

Thirsty

Meaning

feeling a need to drink; having a strong desire for something

Example

I am very thirsty after running in the heat.

B2 adverb /ˈθʌrəli/

Thoroughly

Meaning

completely; entirely; in a thorough manner

Example

She thoroughly cleaned the entire house before the guests arrived.

B2 adjective ˌtræns.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən.əl

transformational

Meaning

Causing or able to cause an important and lasting change in someone or something.

Example

Transformational projects redefine progress.

B2 noun /ˈtɜːr.nɪp/

Turnip

Meaning

a round root vegetable with white or purple skin and white flesh

Example

We grew turnips in our vegetable garden.

B2 adjective /ˈteɪst.fəl/

Tasteful

Meaning

showing good judgment in matters of style and beauty

Example

She decorated her home in a very tasteful manner.

A2 noun /tiːm/

team

Meaning

a group of people working together towards a common goal

Example

Our team won the match after a great effort.

B2 noun trænˈzɪʃ.ən

transition

Meaning

The process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.

Example

The transition from fossil fuels to renewables is vital.

B2 noun /θred/

thread

Meaning

a long, thin strand of cotton, nylon, or other fibers used for sewing

Example

She used a red thread to sew the torn button back on.

B2 verb, noun, adjective /ˈtɛndər/

tender

Meaning

to offer formally; soft and delicate in texture or character; a formal offer or proposal

Example

The company tendered its resignation to the board.

C1 noun /tiː ˈstreɪnər/

Tea-strainer

Meaning

a small perforated device used to strain tea leaves from brewed tea

Example

I always use a tea-strainer when pouring tea into cups.

C1 adjective /ˈtʌtʃi/

Touchy

Meaning

easily upset or offended; overly sensitive

Example

He's very touchy about his height.

B2 verb /ˈtrɛmbəl/

tremble

Meaning

To shake slightly, often because of fear, cold, or nervousness.

Example

She began to tremble with fear before speaking.

C2 noun /ˈtɜːrnkoʊt/

turncoat

Meaning

a person who switches allegiance, often betraying a cause or group

Example

He was branded a turncoat after joining the rival political party.

B2 noun /ˈtʌndrə/

tundra

Meaning

A vast, flat, treeless Arctic region where the subsoil is permanently frozen.

Example

Polar bears roam across the icy tundra.

B2 noun /tsuːˈnɑː.mi/

tsunami

Meaning

a large sea wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption

Example

The tsunami devastated the coastal town, leaving thousands homeless.

C1 noun ˌtrɪbjʊˈleɪʃən

tribulation

Meaning

A difficult time or suffering experience

Example

He endured many tribulations in his early years.

C1 verb /ˈtɑːrnɪʃ/

tarnish

Meaning

To lose luster, especially as a result of exposure to air or moisture; to damage reputation.

Example

The silver jewelry tarnished quickly when left in the open air.

C1 noun /ˈtrɪnɪti/

trinity

Meaning

a group of three closely related things; in Christianity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit

Example

The museum’s exhibit focused on a trinity of themes: memory, identity, and power.

A1 noun /ˈteɪbəl/

table

Meaning

A piece of furniture with a flat top and legs, used for working at or placing items on.

Example

They placed the documents on the table.

A2 adverb /twaɪs/

twice

Meaning

two times

Example

I have seen that movie twice.

C1 adverb /ˈðɛərfɔːr/

therefor

Meaning

For that or for it.

Example

He received payment and gave a receipt therefor.

C1 adjective /ˈtɪpsi/

tipsy

Meaning

slightly drunk

Example

She felt tipsy after just one glass of wine.

A2 adjective /ˈtiːnˌeɪdʒ/

teenage

Meaning

relating to or characteristic of people aged between 13 and 19 years old

Example

She spent her teenage years in a small town.

B2 adjective /ˈtaɪə.səm/

Tiresome

Meaning

causing weariness or boredom; tedious

Example

The long lecture was tiresome and repetitive.

C2 noun /θrɔːl/

thrall

Meaning

The state of being in someone's power or under strong influence; slavery or bondage.

Example

He was in thrall to the powerful leader.

B1 noun /ˈtaɪ.təl/

Title

Meaning

the name of a book, movie, or other work; a word used before someone's name to show rank or status

Example

The title of the book is very interesting.

C2 adjective /ˈtɔːni/

tawny

Meaning

A warm, sandy or golden-brown color.

Example

The owl's tawny feathers blended with the tree bark.

A2 noun /θɔːt/

thought

Meaning

an idea or opinion produced by thinking or considering something

Example

She had a sudden thought about the future.

A2 adverb /ˈtoʊtəli/

Totally

Meaning

completely; entirely; absolutely

Example

I totally agree with your opinion.

B2 verb /ˈtaɪtən/

Tighten

Meaning

to make something more secure or less loose

Example

He tightened the screws to secure the shelf.

B1 noun tɪk mɑːrk

tick mark

Meaning

A mark (✓) used to indicate that something is correct or has been chosen, checked, or dealt with.

Example

I put a tick mark on all the completed tasks.

C1 noun /ˈtæn.ə.ri/

tannery

Meaning

A place where animal hides are processed into leather.

Example

The tannery produced high-quality leather for export.

C1 noun/verb /θrɒŋ/

throng

Meaning

A large, densely packed crowd of people or animals; to fill or be present in a place in large numbers.

Example

Tourists thronged the streets during the festival.

C2 noun, verb /ˈtræməl/

trammel

Meaning

A restriction or impediment to freedom of action; to restrict.

Example

The strict rules trammel the creativity of the students.

B2 noun /ˈtrænskrɪpt/

transcript

Meaning

a written or printed version of material originally presented in another medium

Example

The professor asked for a transcript of the meeting.

C1 noun /ˈtraɪæd/

triad

Meaning

a group of three closely related people or things

Example

The project was managed by a triad of experts.

C2 noun /ˈθɝː.moʊ.klaɪn/

thermocline

Meaning

A layer in a body of water in which temperature changes rapidly with depth.

Example

The thermocline separates warm surface water from cold deep water.

C2 adjective /ˈtɜːrbɪd/

turbid

Meaning

Cloudy, opaque, or thick with suspended matter; confused or obscure in meaning.

Example

The river water became turbid after the heavy rains.

C2 noun /ˈtrʌmpəri/

trumpery

Meaning

worthless nonsense or showy but worthless things

Example

The speech was full of political trumpery.

A2 adjective /ˈter.ə.bl̩/

Terrible

Meaning

extremely bad or serious; causing fear or dread; very poor quality

Example

The weather was terrible during our vacation.

B1 noun /ˈtiːspuːn/

teaspoon

Meaning

a small spoon used for stirring drinks or eating soft foods, or for measuring small amounts of ingredients.

Example

Add a teaspoon of sugar to the tea.

C2 noun /təˈmɛrɪti/

temerity

Meaning

Excessive confidence or boldness; audacity.

Example

He had the temerity to challenge the professor’s argument.

B2 noun ˈterɪtəri

territory

Meaning

An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state.

Example

The king expanded his territory.

C1 verb /trænsˈɡrɛs/

transgress

Meaning

to go beyond the limits of a moral law, command, or boundary; to sin

Example

He apologized after realizing he had transgressed the community's rules.

B2 noun /ˈtruːθ.fəl.nəs/

Truthfulness

Meaning

the quality of being truthful; honesty and accuracy in what one says or does

Example

Her truthfulness in the investigation helped solve the case quickly.

A1 noun /tɔɪ/

toy

Meaning

an object for children to play with

Example

The child received a toy car for his birthday.

C2 verb /ˈtɪtəleɪt/

titillate

Meaning

To excite or amuse, especially in a slightly sexual or playful way.

Example

The comedian's jokes titillated the audience.

A1 adverb /tuː/

too

Meaning

to a higher degree than is desirable, permissible, or possible

Example

She is too tired to continue working.

C1 verb /ˈtrɪkl̩/

trickle

Meaning

To flow or fall in a small, slow stream or drops.

Example

Water began to trickle down the wall after the heavy rain.

B2 noun, verb /tæɡ/

tag

Meaning

a label attached to something for identification or information; or to attach such a label

Example

She tagged her luggage before boarding the plane.

C2 noun /ˈtʊrnɪkɪt/

tourniquet

Meaning

a device used to stop bleeding by compressing blood vessels

Example

The medic applied a tourniquet to stop the bleeding.

B2 noun /ˌtɜːrmɪˈneɪʃən/

termination

Meaning

the act of ending something or the state of being ended

Example

The termination of the contract caused financial loss.

A1 noun /taʊn/

town

Meaning

a human settlement smaller than a city

Example

The town was quiet on Sundays.

C2 adjective /ˌtɔːtəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/

tautological

Meaning

expressing something by repeating the same idea in different words; redundant

Example

Saying 'free gift' is considered tautological.

C1 adjective /trænsˈluːsənt/

translucent

Meaning

allowing light to pass through, but not clearly enough to see detailed images

Example

She placed the flower in a translucent vase.

A1 noun /ˈtiːˈviː/

tv

Meaning

a device used to receive television broadcasts

Example

I watch my favorite shows on TV every evening.

B2 noun /tɪˈlɑpiə fɪʃ/

Tilapia fish

Meaning

a freshwater fish native to Africa, widely farmed for food due to its mild taste and fast growth

Example

Tilapia fish is one of the most commonly farmed fish species worldwide.

B2 adjective /ˈtɒksɪk/

Toxic

Meaning

poisonous; very harmful or unpleasant

Example

The factory released toxic chemicals into the river.

C2 noun ˈtɪl.ɪdʒ

tillage

Meaning

The preparation of land for growing crops.

Example

Excessive tillage can lead to soil erosion.

B1 adverb /ˈθæŋkfəli/

thankfully

Meaning

used to express relief or gratitude

Example

Thankfully, she arrived just in time for the meeting.

B2 noun /taɪm/

thyme

Meaning

A small aromatic herb used in cooking and medicine.

Example

She sprinkled thyme on the roasted chicken.

C1 noun /træns/

trance

Meaning

a half-conscious state like dreaming, often with loss of awareness of surroundings

Example

She stared out of the window as if in a trance.

A1 pronoun /ðɪs/

this

Meaning

used to refer to a person or thing that is close or near in space, time, or thought

Example

This is my favorite book.

B2 noun /ˈter.ər/

Terror

Meaning

extreme fear; the use of violence and intimidation for political aims

Example

The loud explosion filled everyone with terror.

B2 noun /tɛkˈnɪʃən/

technician

Meaning

a person skilled in the practical aspects of a particular science, art, or job

Example

The technician repaired the computer within an hour.

A1 noun /tɜːrn/

Turn

Meaning

an act of moving something in a circular direction; a change of direction; an opportunity to do something

Example

It's your turn to speak at the meeting.

A1 verb /tiːtʃ/

teach

Meaning

to give knowledge or instruction to someone; to show how to do something

Example

She teaches English at the local school.

C2 noun /ˈθrɛnədi/

threnody

Meaning

A song, poem, or speech of mourning for someone who has died; a lament.

Example

The poet composed a moving threnody for the fallen soldiers.

B2 noun /toʊl/

toll

Meaning

A charge payable for using a road or bridge; also the extent of damage or suffering caused by something.

Example

The flood took a heavy toll on the village.

B2 noun /ˈtɛmpoʊ/

tempo

Meaning

The speed or pace at which a piece of music or activity is performed.

Example

The band played the song at a faster tempo than usual.

C1 verb /ˈtɛðər/

tether

Meaning

To tie an animal with a rope or chain so it cannot move far.

Example

The farmer tethered the goat to a post.

C2 noun /tɪlθ/

tilth

Meaning

The physical condition of soil in relation to its suitability for planting crops.

Example

The farmer checked the soil's tilth before planting the seeds.

B1 adverb /ˈtɪpɪkli/

typically

Meaning

in a way that is typical of a particular person, thing, or group

Example

She typically arrives at work at 9 AM.

B2 verb /ˈtɛmpər/

temper

Meaning

to moderate, soften, or tone down something; also to strengthen by heat treatment (as in metal).

Example

She tried to temper her criticism with kindness.

A2 noun /ˈtraɪ.sɪ.kəl/

Tricycle

Meaning

a three-wheeled vehicle, especially one for children

Example

The child rode his tricycle in the park.

C1 noun /ˈtrɛtʃəri/

treachery

Meaning

Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or nature.

Example

His treachery was revealed when he sided with the enemy.

C2 noun /ˈtælən/

talon

Meaning

A claw, especially one belonging to a bird of prey.

Example

The eagle gripped the fish with its sharp talons.

B1 noun /θroʊt/

Throat

Meaning

the passage that leads from the back of the mouth to the stomach and lungs; the front part of the neck

Example

He had a sore throat and couldn't speak clearly.

C1 noun /ˈtrɪkəri/

trickery

Meaning

The use of dishonest methods to deceive or cheat someone.

Example

The politician was accused of winning the election through trickery.

B2 noun /ˈtɜːnˌəʊvə/

turnover

Meaning

the amount of business conducted during a particular period, or the rate at which employees leave a company

Example

The company reported a high turnover in its sales department.

B2 noun, verb /treɪs/

trace

Meaning

a mark, object, or sign that shows the existence or development of something

Example

She traced the path of the river on the map.

C1 noun /ˈθɪk.ɪt/

Thicket

Meaning

a dense group of bushes or trees; a thick growth of shrubs

Example

The rabbit disappeared into the thicket.

C1 adjective /ˈtɪərfəl/

Tearful

Meaning

expressing or showing sadness and sorrow; inclined to weep

Example

She gave a tearful goodbye to her friends at the airport.

C2 noun/adjective /ˈtraɪkʌlər/

tricolor

Meaning

A flag with three colors; consisting of three colors.

Example

The French tricolor is one of the most famous national flags in the world.

C2 noun /ˈterəpɪn/

terrapin

Meaning

a small freshwater turtle, especially one found in North America

Example

The terrapin slowly crawled into the pond.

B2 noun /truːp/

Troop

Meaning

a group of soldiers; military personnel organized as a unit

Example

The troop marched in formation across the parade ground.

A2 noun /teɪl/

Tail

Meaning

the rear part of an animal that extends from the back or bottom

Example

The dog wagged its tail happily when it saw its owner.

B2 adjective /ˈtaɪm.li/

Timely

Meaning

happening at the right time; punctual

Example

His timely arrival saved the meeting.

C1 verb /trænˈzækt/

transact

Meaning

to conduct or carry out business, a deal, or activity

Example

Customers can transact their banking online.

A2 noun /ˈtɛstɪŋ/

testing

Meaning

the process of assessing or evaluating something, often by trying it out

Example

The testing of the new software is still ongoing.

B2 verb /tʌk/

tuck

Meaning

to push or fold something neatly into a particular place

Example

She tucked the blanket around the baby to keep him warm.

A1 noun /ˈθɜːrzdeɪ/

thursday

Meaning

The fifth day of the week, following Wednesday and preceding Friday.

Example

We have a meeting scheduled for Thursday.

B2 noun /tækˈseɪʃən/

taxation

Meaning

The system of imposing and collecting taxes.

Example

Taxation is necessary for funding public services.

A1 verb /treɪn/

Train

Meaning

to teach skills or prepare for a specific activity

Example

Athletes train hard for the Olympics.

B2 adverb /ˌðɛərˈbaɪ/

Thereby

Meaning

as a result of that; by that means

Example

He worked hard and thereby achieved success.

A1 adjective /θɜrd/

third

Meaning

constituting number three in a sequence

Example

She finished in third place.

B2 noun /θaɪ/

thigh

Meaning

the part of the leg between the hip and the knee

Example

He felt pain in his right thigh after running for an hour.

C1 noun /twɪt/

Twit

Meaning

a silly or foolish person; to tease or make fun of someone

Example

Don't be such a twit and listen carefully.

C2 noun ˈtræn.zi.əns

transience

Meaning

The state or fact of lasting only for a short time; impermanence.

Example

The transience of youth makes it more precious.

B2 verb /twiːk/

tweak

Meaning

to make small adjustments; to fine-tune something

Example

We need to tweak the design slightly.

C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃuəs/

tortuous

Meaning

Full of twists and turns; excessively complex or complicated.

Example

The tortuous mountain road made driving very difficult.

B1 noun ˈtʊə.nə.mənt

tournament

Meaning

A series of contests between a number of competitors, competing for an overall prize.

Example

The tournament showcased exceptional talent.

C2 verb /trænsˈfɪɡjʊər/

transfigure

Meaning

To transform the outward appearance or form, often in a way that elevates or glorifies.

Example

The artist managed to transfigure simple clay into a beautiful sculpture.

A1 pronoun /ðɛm/

them

Meaning

used to refer to people or things previously mentioned or easily identified

Example

I saw them at the park yesterday.

C2 adjective /ˈtɔːrʃəs/

tortious

Meaning

Relating to or involving a wrongful act leading to legal liability.

Example

The company was found guilty of tortious interference with contracts.

C1 noun trænˈsɛndəns

transcendence

Meaning

Existence or experience beyond the normal or physical level.

Example

The artist's work was a symbol of transcendence in creativity.

B2 noun /ˈtræn.zɪt/

transit

Meaning

Transportation or travel system, the process of travel or transportation from one place to another.

Example

The city is investing in a new transit system.

B2 adjective /ˈtɔː.kə.tɪv/

Talkative

Meaning

fond of talking; speaking freely and at length

Example

My talkative neighbor loves to chat about everything.

A1 noun /tuː/

two

Meaning

the number following one

Example

She has two children.

A1 adjective /tɔːl/

tall

Meaning

having a greater than average height

Example

He is the tallest player on the team.

A2 noun /tjuːb/

tube

Meaning

a hollow cylinder used to convey something, typically fluid

Example

He used a tube to measure the liquid.

C1 adjective /trænˈsen.dənt/

transcendent

Meaning

Beyond or above the range of normal or merely physical human experience.

Example

His art has a transcendent quality.

A1 verb /teɪk/

take

Meaning

to get possession of; to carry or bring with oneself

Example

Please take this book to the library.

C2 noun ট্রোপোস্ফিয়ার

troposphere

Meaning

The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere where weather phenomena occur.

Example

The troposphere is where weather phenomena occur.