B2 noun ˌsɛlf.kənˈtrəʊl

self-control

Meaning

The ability to control one's emotions, behavior, and desires in order to obtain some reward, or avoid some punishment, typically in the longer term.

Example

Self-control is important for maintaining a balanced life.

B2 adjective /mɪr/

mere

Meaning

Used to emphasize how small or insignificant something is.

Example

It was a mere suggestion, not a command.

B2 adjective /dɪˈprɛst/

depressed

Meaning

Feeling very sad and without hope; in a state of unhappiness.

Example

She felt depressed after losing her job.

B2 adjective /ˈtʃær.ɪ.tə.bəl/

Charitable

Meaning

generous in giving to those in need; showing kindness

Example

She is known for her charitable work in the community.

B2 noun /ˈkætəlɔːɡ/

catalog

Meaning

a complete list of items, typically arranged systematically

Example

The library provides an online catalog of all available books.

B2 noun fɪkst ˈɪnkʌm

fixed income

Meaning

Investment that provides a return in the form of fixed periodic payments.

Example

Fixed income investments provide reliable returns.

B2 adjective /ˈslɒp.i/

Sloppy

Meaning

careless; messy; done without care or attention to detail

Example

His sloppy handwriting was difficult to read.

B2 verb /buːm/

boom

Meaning

to make a loud deep sound; to grow or increase rapidly

Example

The thunder boomed across the sky.

B2 verb /drɪft/

drift

Meaning

to move slowly, especially by air or water currents

Example

The boat began to drift away from the shore.

B2 adjective dɪsˈrʌp.tɪv

disruptive

Meaning

Causing or tending to cause disruption.

Example

Deforestation has a disruptive effect on wildlife.

B2 noun /ˈlɒk.ɪt/

Locket

Meaning

a small ornamental case, typically made of gold or silver, worn on a chain around the neck

Example

She kept her grandmother's photo in the locket.

B2 adverb /pəˈlɪtɪkəli/

politically

Meaning

in a way that relates to politics or government

Example

The country is politically divided between two major parties.

B2 noun ˈbænd.wɪdθ

bandwidth

Meaning

A range of frequencies within a given band, in particular that used for transmitting a signal; the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time.

Example

Increasing bandwidth enhances internet speed.

B2 adjective /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/

experimental

Meaning

based on untested ideas or techniques; relating to experiments or testing

Example

The scientists developed an experimental drug to treat cancer.

B2 noun /kwest/

Quest

Meaning

a journey or search for something; an adventure to achieve a goal

Example

The knight embarked on a quest to find the legendary treasure.

B2 adjective /ˈkwɑː.lɪ.teɪ.tɪv/

Qualitative

Meaning

relating to quality or character rather than quantity; descriptive rather than numerical

Example

The research focuses on qualitative analysis rather than numbers.

B2 noun /ˈpaɪ.rət/

Pirate

Meaning

a person who attacks and robs ships at sea; someone who uses or reproduces copyrighted material illegally

Example

The pirate ship was spotted near the coast.

B2 adjective haɪˈdʒiː.nɪk

hygienic

Meaning

Conducive to maintaining health and preventing disease, especially by being clean.

Example

Maintaining hygienic conditions in hospitals is crucial.

B2 adjective /mɪˈsteɪkən/

mistaken

Meaning

wrong or incorrect because of an error in judgment or understanding

Example

I was mistaken about the meeting time.

B2 noun /ˈɪnˌteɪk/

intake

Meaning

the process of taking something in, especially food or drink

Example

He monitored his daily intake of calories to maintain a healthy diet.

B2 noun /ɪnˈdɔːrs.mənt/

endorsement

Meaning

A public or official statement of support or approval.

Example

The celebrity's endorsement increased the product's sales.

B2 adjective /ˈmɒdɪst/

modest

Meaning

Having or showing a humble estimate of one’s importance; simple and not extravagant.

Example

She lives in a modest house in the countryside.

B2 adjective /ʌnˈskɪld/

Unskilled

Meaning

lacking technical training or ability; not requiring special skills

Example

Many unskilled workers are looking for training opportunities.

B2 noun /ˌsɜː.kjʊˈleɪ.ʃən/

circulation

Meaning

The movement of blood through the body, or the movement of any fluid through a closed system.

Example

Proper circulation ensures that oxygen and nutrients reach every cell.

B2 verb /ˈsɜːrkjəˌleɪt/

circulate

Meaning

to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area

Example

Air circulated freely in the open hall.

B2 noun /trænzˈmɪʃən/

transmission

Meaning

the act of sending, passing, or spreading something such as information, energy, or disease

Example

The transmission of data over the internet is very fast.

B2 adjective /ˌʌndɪˈnaɪəbl/

Undeniable

Meaning

impossible to deny or dispute; clearly true

Example

The evidence of his guilt was undeniable.

B2 adjective /ˈwɪt.i/

Witty

Meaning

having or showing quick intelligence; amusing in a clever way

Example

Her witty response to the critic's question impressed the entire audience.

B2 noun /ˈθæŋksˌɡɪvɪŋ/

thanksgiving

Meaning

an annual holiday in the US for giving thanks, celebrated with a meal

Example

We spent Thanksgiving dinner with our family.

B2 adjective ˈstrʌktʃərd

structured

Meaning

Having a clear organization or framework; systematically arranged.

Example

A structured execution plan is crucial for success.

B2 noun ˌkɒn.ekˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

connectivity

Meaning

The state of being connected or interconnected; the capacity for the interconnection of platforms, systems, and applications.

Example

Improved connectivity boosts economic development.

B2 verb /ˈkɒntəmpleɪt/

contemplate

Meaning

to think deeply and carefully about something; to consider thoughtfully

Example

She sat quietly to contemplate her future plans.

B2 noun /ˈrɛlɪvənsi/

relevancy

Meaning

the quality of being closely connected or appropriate

Example

The professor questioned the relevancy of the example to the topic.

B2 noun /ˈdiːmən/

demon

Meaning

an evil spirit or devil

Example

The story was about a demon who haunted the village.

B2 verb /ˈpɛrɪʃ/

perish

Meaning

To die, especially in a sudden or violent way.

Example

Many soldiers perished in the war.

B2 noun /ˈwʊlən dres/

Woolen dress

Meaning

a dress made from wool fabric, typically worn in cold weather

Example

She wore a warm woolen dress during the winter months.

B2 noun /ˈwɑː.ʃər mæn/

Washer man

Meaning

a person whose job is to wash clothes and linens for others

Example

The washer man collected dirty clothes from every household in the village.

B2 noun /ˈmʌs.tərd/

Mustard

Meaning

A pungent seed or condiment made from ground mustard seeds

Example

She added mustard seeds to the curry for extra flavor.

B2 adjective /ˈtʃuːzi/

choosy

Meaning

very careful in choosing; selective

Example

She is very choosy about the clothes she wears.

B2 noun /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

shooting

Meaning

the action of shooting a gun, camera, or similar device

Example

The shooting of the movie took several months.

B2 noun /oʊˈbiː.di.əns/

Obedience

Meaning

compliance with an order, request, or law; submission to authority

Example

Children should show obedience to their parents.

B2 noun /fliːt/

fleet

Meaning

a group of ships, vehicles, or aircraft operating together under one command

Example

The navy deployed its entire fleet for the exercise.

B2 noun /ˈdræɡ.ən.flaɪ/

Dragon-fly

Meaning

a large insect with four transparent wings that lives near water

Example

The dragonfly hovered over the pond.

B2 noun /sərˈkʌmfərəns/

circumference

Meaning

the distance around the edge of a circle

Example

The teacher asked us to calculate the circumference of the circle.

B2 verb /hɔːlt/

halt

Meaning

to stop or bring to a stop

Example

The train suddenly halted at the station.

B2 noun /ˈprɑsɪˌkjuːtər/

prosecutor

Meaning

a lawyer who represents the government in criminal cases

Example

The prosecutor argued that the defendant was guilty of the crime.

B2 adjective /ˈbɒdɪli/

bodily

Meaning

relating to or concerning the body

Example

He suffered bodily harm in the accident.

B2 adjective /ˈliː.fi/

Leafy

Meaning

having many leaves; covered with leaves

Example

The leafy green vegetables are very nutritious.

B2 noun /ˈprɛfəs/

preface

Meaning

an introduction to a book, speech, or other written work

Example

The author explained his motivation in the preface.

B2 noun /wæks/

Wax

Meaning

a solid substance that melts when heated, used for making candles and polishing

Example

She used candle wax to seal the old letter.

B2 noun rɪˈkruːt.mənt

recruitment

Meaning

The action of finding new people to join an organization or support a cause.

Example

Recruitment strengthens the workforce.

B2 noun /ˈtɜr.mər.ɪk/

Turmeric

Meaning

A bright yellow spice powder made from the root of a tropical plant, used in cooking and medicine

Example

Add turmeric to the curry for color and flavor.

B2 adjective /ˌærəˈmætɪk/

aromatic

Meaning

Having a pleasant and distinctive smell.

Example

The chef used aromatic herbs to flavor the dish.

B2 adjective /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

deserted

Meaning

Empty of people; abandoned.

Example

The village looked completely deserted after the storm.

B2 verb /ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/

reproduce

Meaning

To make a copy of something; to generate offspring.

Example

Many animals reproduce rapidly in favorable conditions.

B2 noun /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ mæn/

working-man

Meaning

a man engaged in manual labor or industrial work, often considered as part of the working class

Example

The working-man fought hard for better wages and conditions.

B2 adjective /ˌkrɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/

chronological

Meaning

Arranged in the order in which events happened.

Example

The events were listed in chronological order.

B2 noun

Kitchen garden

B2 adjective ˌæn.əlˈɪt.ɪ.kəl

analytical

Meaning

Using or skilled in using analysis (i.e., separating a whole—intellectual or substantial—into its elemental parts or basic principles).

Example

She has an analytical approach to problem-solving.

B2 adjective + noun ˈpraɪməri əbˈdʒektɪv

primary objective

Meaning

The main goal or chief aim of an activity, project, or endeavor.

Example

The primary objective of the event was to promote recycling.

B2 noun ˈkɔːʃən

caution

Meaning

Care taken to avoid danger or mistakes; a warning or piece of advice.

Example

Researchers issued a caution regarding unsustainable fishing.

B2 noun /ˈnɛtˌwɜːkɪŋ/

networking

Meaning

The action of establishing connections and relationships, especially for career or business purposes.

Example

Networking is important for career development.

B2 noun /ɪmˈpaʊə.mənt/

empowerment

Meaning

Authority or power given to someone to do something.

Example

Empowerment initiatives enhance confidence.

B2 adjective /ˈskætərd/

Scattered

Meaning

spread widely apart; dispersed; occurring here and there

Example

Scattered showers are expected throughout the day.

B2 adjective /hɑːrʃ/

Harsh

Meaning

unpleasantly hard or rough in texture; cruel or severe

Example

The teacher gave harsh criticism about my work.

B2 verb /kriːp/

creep

Meaning

to move slowly and quietly; to make someone feel uncomfortable

Example

She crept quietly up the stairs to avoid waking anyone.

B2 adjective /kəˈrɛspɒndɪŋ/

corresponding

Meaning

matching or related to something

Example

The corresponding page in the book explains the process in detail.

B2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒp.ər/

Improper

Meaning

inappropriate; incorrect; not suitable

Example

It would be improper to discuss personal matters in a business meeting.

B2 noun /ˈpleɪˌɔːf/

playoff

Meaning

a series of games played to determine a champion among top teams

Example

The team qualified for the playoffs after a strong season.

B2 noun ˈsuː.pər.fuːdz

superfoods

Meaning

Nutrient-dense foods that are particularly beneficial for health and well-being.

Example

Blueberries and spinach are superfoods rich in vitamins.

B2 adjective /ˈstʌb.ərn/

Stubborn

Meaning

refusing to change opinion or course of action; persistent; obstinate

Example

The stubborn child refused to eat his vegetables.

B2 adjective /ˈθɔːtˌproʊvɪkɪŋ/

thought-provoking

Meaning

stimulating careful consideration or thought

Example

The movie was deeply thought-provoking and left a lasting impression.

B2 adjective /ˈpeɪ.ə.bəl/

Payable

Meaning

required to be paid; owed as a debt

Example

The amount is payable within thirty days of the invoice date.

B2 noun /ˈkɒmpɪtəns/

competence

Meaning

the ability to do something successfully or efficiently

Example

Her competence as a manager impressed the board.

B2 noun /ˈsnoʊ.fɔːl/

Snowfall

Meaning

the process of snow falling from the sky; the amount of snow that falls

Example

The heavy snowfall blocked all the roads yesterday.

B2 noun, verb /skruː/

screw

Meaning

a metal fastener with a helical ridge; to fasten or tighten something with a screw

Example

He screwed the shelf to the wall tightly.

B2 noun /ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

justification

Meaning

a reason, explanation, or excuse that shows something is right or reasonable

Example

There is no justification for such rude behavior.

B2 noun /ˈmaɪ.ɡrənt/

migrant

Meaning

A person who moves from one place to another, especially to find work or better living conditions.

Example

Many migrants travel long distances to find employment.

B2 adverb /ˈsmuːð.li/

Smoothly

Meaning

without problems or difficulties; in an even and regular way

Example

The car runs smoothly on the new highway.

B2 adjective /ˈstɜːrdi/

sturdy

Meaning

strongly and solidly built; not easily weakened

Example

The carpenter made a sturdy wooden table.

B2 adjective, noun, verb /ˈæb.strækt/

abstract

Meaning

existing in thought or as an idea but not having physical or concrete existence; a summary of a text

Example

The artist is known for her abstract paintings.

B2 verb /dɪsˈkloʊz/

disclose

Meaning

to reveal or make information known; to expose

Example

The company must disclose all financial information.

B2 adjective /ˈklæsɪfaɪd/

classified

Meaning

arranged into categories; officially secret or restricted

Example

The report contains classified information and cannot be shared publicly.

B2 noun /ˌkɔːriˈændər/

Coriander

Meaning

aromatic herb with feathery leaves used for flavoring food; also refers to the seeds used as spice

Example

Fresh coriander leaves are sprinkled on top of the curry.

B2 noun /prɪˈskrɪpʃən/

prescription

Meaning

A written order from a doctor for the preparation and administration of a medicine; also, a recommendation or authoritative rule.

Example

The doctor gave her a prescription for antibiotics.

B2 noun /pliː/

Plea

Meaning

an urgent and emotional request; a defendant's formal response to a criminal charge; an excuse or justification

Example

She made a plea for help during the emergency.

B2 verb (phrasal) /ˈpæs ˌɔːf/

pass-off

Meaning

to present something or someone falsely as something else; to pretend or deceive

Example

He tried to pass off the fake watch as a luxury brand.

B2 noun /mʌŋk/

Monk

Meaning

a man who is a member of a religious community living under vows

Example

The monk spent hours in meditation each day.

B2 adjective /ˈfeɪθ.fəl/

Faithful

Meaning

loyal and committed; reliable; true to one's beliefs

Example

She remained faithful to her principles throughout her career.

B2 interjection /ˈbrɑː.voʊ/

bravo

Meaning

used to express approval, admiration, or praise

Example

The audience shouted 'Bravo!' after the stunning performance.

B2 noun /ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm/

mechanism

Meaning

A system of parts working together in a machine; a process or technique for achieving something.

Example

The mechanism of the clock stopped working after years of use.

B2 noun /ˌɪnəˈbɪləti/

inability

Meaning

the state of being unable to do something

Example

His inability to make decisions affected his career.

B2 verb lɔːntʃt

launched

Meaning

Set (something) in motion by pushing it or letting it go.

Example

The satellite was launched successfully.

B2 noun /səˈspɛnʃən/

suspension

Meaning

The act of temporarily stopping something; also refers to a system in vehicles that absorbs shock.

Example

The player received a three-game suspension for misconduct.

B2 adjective /ˌmʌltɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/

multilingual

Meaning

Able to speak or written in several languages.

Example

She grew up in a multilingual household.

B2 adjective /saʊər/

Sour

Meaning

having an acid taste like lemon or vinegar; unpleasant or disagreeable

Example

The milk has gone sour and smells terrible.

B2 verb /kənˈstrʌkt/

construct

Meaning

to build or form something by putting parts together

Example

They plan to construct a new bridge over the river.

B2 noun ɪkˈspænʃən

expansion

Meaning

The action of becoming larger or more extensive; growth or development.

Example

Volunteering helps in the expansion of social networks.

B2 noun /duːm/

doom

Meaning

A terrible fate, destruction, or unavoidable bad outcome.

Example

The ancient prophecy foretold the city’s doom.

B2 noun /ɪnˈrɪtʃ.mənt/

enrichment

Meaning

The action of improving or enhancing the quality or value of something.

Example

Cultural enrichment fosters a deeper understanding of traditions.

B2 noun /ˌref.jʊˈdʒiː/

Refugee

Meaning

a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster

Example

The refugee camp provided temporary shelter for thousands of displaced families.

B2 noun /ɒpˈtɪʃən/

optician

Meaning

A person who makes or sells glasses and contact lenses.

Example

The optician adjusted my new glasses to fit better.

B2 noun /ˈkæp.tɪv/

Captive

Meaning

a person who has been taken prisoner or an animal that has been confined

Example

The captive was held in a small cell for several months.

B2 noun ˌriːfɔːˈreɪʃən

reforestation

Meaning

The natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted.

Example

Reforestation efforts are crucial to restoring ecosystems.

B2 noun ˈneɪʧər ɪnˈθjuːziæsts

Nature Enthusiasts

Meaning

People who have a passionate interest in and love for the natural world and outdoor activities.

Example

Nature enthusiasts often visit Sajek Valley for its scenic beauty.

B2 adjective /ˈfɛmənɪn/

feminine

Meaning

having qualities traditionally associated with women; feminine in nature

Example

She has a very feminine style of dressing.

B2 noun /ˈaʊt.saɪ.dər/

Out-sider

Meaning

a person who does not belong to a particular group; someone not accepted by a group

Example

As an outsider, he found it difficult to understand their traditions.

B2 adjective /ˈnoʊtɪsəbl/

noticeable

Meaning

Easily seen, observed, or recognized.

Example

There was a noticeable improvement in her performance.

B2 noun /kənˈfɛʃən/

confession

Meaning

a statement admitting that one is guilty of a crime or has done something wrong

Example

The suspect made a full confession to the police.

B2 noun ˈsɪblɪŋz

Siblings

Meaning

Each of two or more children or offspring having one or both parents in common.

Example

Siblings are usually placed on the same level in a family tree.

B2 adjective /ˈkaʊntləs/

countless

Meaning

too many to be counted; innumerable

Example

There are countless stars in the sky.

B2 noun /ˌnəʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

notification

Meaning

an official or formal notice or message informing someone of something; an alert delivered by a system or device

Example

You will receive a notification when your application is approved.

B2 noun /əˈbɔːrʃən/

abortion

Meaning

The deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, usually performed during the first 28 weeks.

Example

The debate about abortion continues to divide public opinion.

B2 noun ˈsæt.əl.aɪt

satellite

Meaning

An artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit around a celestial body.

Example

Satellites provide critical data for research.

B2 noun /dɪˈpen.dənt/

Dependent

Meaning

a person who relies on another for financial support; someone who depends on others

Example

As a tax dependent, she could not file her own tax return separately.

B2 noun ɑːmd ˈkɒn.flɪkt

armed conflict

Meaning

A contest of armed forces; warfare between opposing military forces.

Example

Armed conflict resulted in widespread devastation.

B2 verb /ˈsɒfən/

soften

Meaning

to make or become less hard, severe, or strong.

Example

Heat will soften the butter quickly.

B2 noun /ˈprɒvɪns/

province

Meaning

a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.

Example

The province is known for its rich cultural heritage and stunning landscapes.

B2 noun /bɪˈtreɪəl/

Betrayal

Meaning

the action of betraying one's country, group, or person; disloyalty

Example

His betrayal of their friendship hurt her deeply.

B2 noun /kəmˈplaɪ.əns/

compliance

Meaning

The practice of conforming to rules, regulations, or laws; obedience to orders or instructions.

Example

Schools expect compliance with their rules and policies.

B2 adjective /ʌnˈfeɪθ.fəl/

Unfaithful

Meaning

not loyal or true to a spouse, partner, or commitment

Example

He was unfaithful to his wife for many years.