rotundity
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C2 noun /roʊˈtʌn.də.ti/

rotundity

Meaning
the quality of being round or plump
Example
The rotundity of the balloon made it float gracefully.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpen.tənt/

Repentant

Meaning
feeling or expressing sincere regret and remorse; sorry for one's actions
Example
The repentant thief returned the stolen money.
C2 noun /ræpˈskæliən/

rapscallion

Meaning
A mischievous or cheeky person; a rascal.
Example
The little rapscallion hid his brother’s shoes as a prank.
C1 adjective /ˈrek.wɪ.zɪt/

Requisite

Meaning
made necessary by particular circumstances; required
Example
Good communication skills are requisite for this job.
B2 adverb /ˈraɪtli/

Rightly

Meaning
correctly; properly; justly
Example
She rightly pointed out the mistakes in the report.
C1 noun /ˈræʃən/

ration

Meaning
a fixed amount of something, especially food, officially allowed to each person
Example
During the war, each family received a weekly ration of rice.
B2 verb /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːrs/

reinforce

Meaning
To strengthen or support something with additional material, people, or effort.
Example
The teacher used examples to reinforce the lesson.
C1 noun rɪˈdɛmpʃən

redemption

Meaning
The action of saving or being saved from sin, error, or evil.
Example
The story highlights the theme of redemption.
B2 noun /red liːf/

Red leaf

Meaning
red-colored leafy vegetable; amaranth leaves used as greens
Example
Red leaf is rich in iron and is commonly eaten in Bengali households.
A1 noun /ruːm/

room

Meaning
A space within a building enclosed by walls, floor, and ceiling
Example
She decorated her room with bright colors.
B1 noun /rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/

recording

Meaning
the act or process of recording something
Example
The recording of the interview was clear and loud.
B2 verb /rɪˈzɛmbəl/

resemble

Meaning
to look like or be similar to something or someone
Example
She resembles her mother in both appearance and mannerisms.
C1 adjective rɪˈsɛʃ.ən.er.i

recessionary

Meaning
Relating to or characterized by economic recession.
Example
Governments introduce policies to counter recessionary effects.
C1 adjective /ˈrez.ə.luːt/

Resolute

Meaning
determined; having a firm decision; unwavering
Example
She remained resolute in her decision to pursue her dreams.
C1 noun /rɪˈpɑːzɪtɔːri/

repository

Meaning
a place where things are stored or kept for safekeeping
Example
The library serves as a repository of knowledge.
C2 adjective /ˈrævənɪŋ/

ravening

Meaning
Extremely hungry and greedy; voracious.
Example
The ravening wolves circled the camp.
C2 noun /ˈrɛtɪnjuː/

retinue

Meaning
A group of attendants or followers accompanying an important person.
Example
The king entered the hall followed by his retinue.
C2 noun /ˈriːbəs/

rebus

Meaning
a puzzle in which words are represented by pictures, symbols, or letters
Example
The children enjoyed solving the rebus puzzles in the magazine.
C2 adjective /rɪˈdaʊ.tə.bəl/

redoubtable

Meaning
formidable, especially as an opponent; inspiring fear or respect
Example
She was a redoubtable leader who commanded respect from all.
B2 adverb /rɪˈspektɪvli/

Respectively

Meaning
in the order given; separately and in the order already mentioned
Example
John and Mary are 25 and 30 years old respectively.
C1 noun ˈrez.ɪ.djuːz

residues

Meaning
A small amount of something that remains after the main part has gone or been taken or used.
Example
The burning process leaves no harmful residues.
C1 noun /rɪˈnaʊn/

Renown

Meaning
the condition of being known or talked about by many people; fame
Example
The scientist achieved international renown for her discoveries.
C1 adjective /ˈrʌɡ.ɪd/

Rugged

Meaning
rough and uneven; having a rough irregular surface; tough and strong
Example
The hikers crossed the rugged mountain terrain.
A2 verb riˈsaɪklɪŋ

recycling

Meaning
The process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects to prevent waste.
Example
Recycling plastic helps in reducing waste.
B1 verb /rʌb/

rub

Meaning
to press and move something firmly against a surface; to apply pressure with movement
Example
She rubbed her hands together to keep them warm.
C2 noun /ˌrɛv.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/

revocation

Meaning
The act of officially canceling or withdrawing something.
Example
The court ordered the revocation of his license.
A1 noun, verb /rɛst/

rest

Meaning
to cease work or movement in order to relax or recover strength
Example
He needs to rest after the long journey.
C2 noun /ræŋˈɡuːn ˈkriːpər/

Rangoon creeper

Meaning
A climbing vine with fragrant flowers that change color from white to pink to red
Example
The Rangoon creeper covered the entire fence with its sweet-smelling flowers.
C1 noun /ˈrʌp.tʃər/

Rupture

Meaning
breaking or bursting apart; breakdown of relations
Example
The rupture in the pipeline caused a massive oil spill.
C2 noun /ˌræʃioʊsɪˈneɪʃən/

ratiocination

Meaning
the process of reasoning or logical thinking
Example
His ratiocination impressed the judges during the debate.
C2 verb /rɪˈpruːv/

reprove

Meaning
to criticize or correct someone gently or disapprove of their actions
Example
The teacher reproved the student for being late.
B1 verb /rɪˈleɪt/

relate

Meaning
to connect or show a link between; to tell a story
Example
She relates her experience to the audience.
B1 adjective /rɪˈkwaɪəd/

required

Meaning
necessary or compulsory
Example
A visa is required to enter the country.
A2 verb /ˈriːəlaɪz/

realize

Meaning
to become aware of; to understand clearly; to achieve or make real
Example
I didn't realize how late it was until I checked the clock.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈmɒdəl/

remodel

Meaning
To change the structure or form of something, especially a building.
Example
They decided to remodel their kitchen last summer.
B1 adjective /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

remaining

Meaning
still existing or left after others are gone or dealt with
Example
There were only a few remaining tickets for the concert.
B2 noun /ˈraɪvəl/

Rival

Meaning
a person or thing competing with another for the same objective or for superiority in the same field
Example
The two companies have been business rivals for decades.
B1 verb /rɪˈlaɪ/

rely

Meaning
to depend on or trust someone or something
Example
I rely on my friends for support.
B2 adjective /ˈruː.tɪd/

Rooted

Meaning
deeply established; firmly fixed
Example
His beliefs are deeply rooted in tradition.
B2 noun /rɪˈhɜːr.səl/

Rehearsal

Meaning
a practice performance of a play, concert, or other work for later public performance
Example
The final rehearsal before opening night went perfectly.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpʌɡ.nənt/

Repugnant

Meaning
extremely distasteful; unacceptable; causing disgust or strong dislike
Example
The idea of lying to his parents was repugnant to him.
C1 noun /rɪˈtrækʃən/

retraction

Meaning
the act of taking back a statement, promise, or belief
Example
The newspaper issued a retraction of the false report.
B2 noun /ˈrest.ləs.nəs/

Restlessness

Meaning
the inability to rest or relax as a result of anxiety or boredom
Example
His restlessness during the long meeting was obvious to everyone.
C1 adjective /ˈroʊ.ɡɪʃ/

Roguish

Meaning
mischievous; playfully dishonest
Example
His roguish smile suggested he was up to some mischief.
C2 noun /ˌrækənˈtɜːr/

Raconteur

Meaning
a person who tells anecdotes in a skillful and amusing way
Example
The old man was a gifted raconteur who entertained everyone with his stories.
C2 verb /ˈrʌmpəl/

rumple

Meaning
to make something untidy or wrinkled by creasing or crumpling
Example
She accidentally rumpled her dress while packing.
C1 verb /ˌriːəˈfɜːrm/

reaffirm

Meaning
To state again strongly; to confirm or strengthen a statement or belief.
Example
The president reaffirmed his commitment to education reform.
B1 verb /rɪd/

rid

Meaning
to remove or get rid of something
Example
I need to rid the house of all the clutter.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæl.ɪ.breɪt/

recalibrate

Meaning
To calibrate again or differently; to adjust or correct something based on new information or changed circumstances.
Example
The company had to recalibrate its strategies to adapt to the market.
C2 noun /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnʃən/

reprehension

Meaning
The act of rebuking or criticizing severely.
Example
The teacher’s reprehension of the student’s behavior was justified.
C2 noun/adjective /rɪˈmɒnstrənt/

remonstrant

Meaning
A person who makes a forceful protest (noun); protesting or objecting (adjective).
Example
He was a remonstrant voice in the assembly.
A2 verb /rɪˈlæks/

relax

Meaning
to make or become less tense or anxious; to rest
Example
After a long day, she likes to relax with a good book.
C2 verb /ˈræpsəˌdaɪz/

rhapsodize

Meaning
to speak or write with great enthusiasm and admiration
Example
He would often rhapsodize about his travels to Europe.
A2 verb /rɪˈmeɪn/

remain

Meaning
to stay in the same place; to continue to exist
Example
Only a few guests remain at the party.
B2 verb /ˌriːˈbɪld/

rebuild

Meaning
to build something again after it has been damaged or destroyed
Example
The villagers worked together to rebuild the bridge after the flood.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈvæmp/

revamp

Meaning
To give a new and improved form, structure, or appearance to something.
Example
The company decided to revamp its website for a modern look.
B2 noun /ˈrem.ə.di/

Remedy

Meaning
a medicine or treatment for a disease; a solution to a problem
Example
This herbal remedy helps with headaches.
A2 verb /rɪˈplaɪ/

reply

Meaning
to give an answer; to respond
Example
She replies to emails quickly.
C2 noun /rɪˈpæst/

repast

Meaning
A meal or the food eaten during a meal.
Example
They enjoyed a delicious repast by the riverside.
C2 verb /rɪˈkwaɪt/

requite

Meaning
to return or repay a favor, service, or feeling
Example
She requited his kindness with a thoughtful gift.
B2 adjective /rɪˈstrɪk.tɪd/

Restricted

Meaning
limited or controlled; subject to restrictions
Example
Access to this area is restricted to authorized personnel only.
B2 noun /rɒd/

rod

Meaning
a thin straight bar, especially of metal or wood
Example
He used an iron rod to support the structure.
C1 verb /ˈrʌf.l̩/

ruffle

Meaning
to disturb the smoothness of something; to annoy or upset someone
Example
The wind ruffled her hair.
C2 noun /raɪm/

rime

Meaning
frost formed on cold surfaces by freezing water vapor
Example
The trees were covered with a white rime after the cold night.
B1 noun raɪts

rights

Meaning
A moral or legal entitlement to have or obtain something or to act in a certain way.
Example
The rights of people were prioritized.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈpoʊz/

repose

Meaning
a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility; to rest or lie in a peaceful position
Example
After the long journey, she sought repose in the quiet garden.
C1 noun /ˈraɪtʃəsnəs/

righteousness

Meaning
the quality of being morally right or justifiable
Example
His life was dedicated to righteousness and truth.
B2 noun /ˌrezəˈveɪʃən/

Reservation

Meaning
the action of reserving something; an arrangement whereby something is reserved for a particular person; a qualification to an expression of agreement or approval
Example
I made a reservation at the restaurant for tonight.
B2 noun /ˈraɪvəlri/

Rivalry

Meaning
competition for the same objective or for superiority in the same field; the state of being rivals
Example
The rivalry between the two teams made the match exciting.
C2 noun /ˌriːkəˌpɪtjʊˈleɪʃən/

recapitulation

Meaning
The act of summarizing or repeating the main points of something.
Example
The professor gave a brief recapitulation of the lecture before ending the class.
C1 phrase ˈriː.dʒən.əl ˈfɔː.rəm

regional forum

Meaning
A meeting or conference where representatives from countries or organizations in a specific geographical area discuss issues of common interest.
Example
The Regional Forum discussed deforestation impacts.
C2 verb /ˈrɔɪstər/

roister

Meaning
to revel noisily; to engage in loud, boisterous celebration
Example
The fans roistered in the streets after the victory.
A1 verb /rʌn/

run

Meaning
to move quickly on foot; to operate or function
Example
I run every morning for exercise.
B1 noun /ruːˈtiːn/

routine

Meaning
A sequence of actions regularly followed; a fixed program.
Example
A well-structured routine improves productivity.
C1 verb /ˈræʃənəlaɪz/

rationalize

Meaning
to attempt to explain or justify behavior or decisions with logical reasons, even if they are not true or appropriate
Example
She tried to rationalize her lateness by blaming the traffic.
A2 noun /rɪˈfrɪdʒ.ər.eɪ.tər/

Refrigerator

Meaning
an appliance for keeping food and drinks cold
Example
Please put the milk in the refrigerator to keep it fresh.
C1 noun /ˌrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

Ratification

Meaning
the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement
Example
The treaty required ratification by both countries' parliaments.
B1 adjective /ˈrɔɪ.əl/

Royal

Meaning
belonging to or connected with the monarch or monarchy; magnificent; excellent
Example
The royal family attended the ceremony.
C2 verb /ruː/

rue

Meaning
To feel regret or sorrow about something.
Example
She will rue the day she trusted him.
B2 noun /ˈrɛlɪvəns/

relevance

Meaning
the quality or state of being closely connected or appropriate
Example
The relevance of the information was clear to everyone.
C1 adjective /ˈrævənəs/

ravenous

Meaning
Extremely hungry; famished.
Example
After the long hike, she was ravenous and ate quickly.
B2 adjective /ˈrændəm/

Random

Meaning
without pattern or predetermined order; happening by chance
Example
She selected a random book from the library shelf.
B2 noun /rɪˈstreɪnt/

Restraint

Meaning
the action of keeping someone or something under control; self-control
Example
She showed great restraint in not responding to the criticism.
C2 verb /ˈrævəl/

ravel

Meaning
to tangle or complicate; to untangle or unravel depending on context
Example
She began to ravel the loose threads of the sweater.
B2 adjective ˌriːprəˈdʌktɪv

reproductive

Meaning
Relating to the reproduction of offspring.
Example
The reproductive cycle of pests can cause rapid infestations.
A2 verb /riːˈsaɪ.kəl/

recycle

Meaning
to process used materials so they can be used again instead of being thrown away
Example
We should recycle paper and plastic to reduce waste.
B1 noun /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/

researcher

Meaning
a person who conducts research
Example
The researcher published her findings in a scientific journal.
B2 adjective /rɪˈliːvd/

relieved

Meaning
feeling happy and less worried after something stressful has been removed or resolved
Example
She felt relieved after hearing the good news.
C2 adjective /ˈrɪz.ə.bəl/

risible

Meaning
so absurd or ridiculous that it deserves to be laughed at
Example
The idea of flying pigs is completely risible.
C2 noun /ˌrɛprəˈbeɪʃən/

reprobation

Meaning
Strong disapproval or condemnation; rejection by God as beyond salvation.
Example
The teacher’s face showed clear reprobation at the student’s rude remark.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtaɪərɪŋ/

retiring

Meaning
Shy and reserved; avoiding social contact.
Example
She is a quiet, retiring woman who avoids attention.
A2 adjective /ruːd/

Rude

Meaning
impolite; discourteous; lacking civility; rough or harsh in manner
Example
It was rude of him to interrupt the meeting.
B2 adjective /ˈrest.ləs/

Restless

Meaning
unable to rest or relax; constantly moving or fidgeting
Example
The child was restless during the long car journey.
C1 noun /ˌrɛfəˈrɛndəm/

referendum

Meaning
a general vote by the population on a single political issue
Example
The government held a referendum on the new constitution.
B2 noun /rɪˈfjuː.zəl/

Refusal

Meaning
the act of saying no to something or not accepting something
Example
His refusal to cooperate made the project more difficult.
B2 verb /ˈreɪn.dʒɪŋ/

ranging

Meaning
Extending or varying between limits.
Example
The temperatures are ranging from 15 to 30 degrees this week.
B2 noun ˌriːfɔːˈreɪʃən

reforestation

Meaning
The natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted.
Example
Reforestation efforts are crucial to restoring ecosystems.
C2 noun /ˈreɪdɪks/

radix

Meaning
the base or root of something; the number on which a system of numeration is built
Example
In mathematics, the decimal system has a radix of ten.
B2 adjective /ˈreɪsɪst/

racist

Meaning
showing or feeling discrimination or prejudice against people of other races
Example
He was accused of making racist comments.
C1 adjective /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnsəbl̩/

reprehensible

Meaning
Deserving strong criticism or blame.
Example
His dishonest actions were truly reprehensible.
B2 noun /rɪˈmuː.vəl/

Removal

Meaning
the action of taking something away or eliminating it; dismissal from office
Example
The removal of the old furniture took all day.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛptɪv/

receptive

Meaning
Willing to listen to or accept new ideas, suggestions, or experiences.
Example
She was receptive to feedback from her colleagues.
C1 verb /riːˈfɜːrbɪʃ/

refurbish

Meaning
To renovate or redecorate something, especially a building.
Example
The company decided to refurbish its old office.
B1 verb /rɪˈflekt/

reflect

Meaning
to think deeply about; to mirror back light or image
Example
The mirror reflects her beautiful face.
A1 adjective /ˈrɛd.i/

ready

Meaning
Prepared or available for use or action.
Example
She was ready to leave for the airport.
C1 verb /riːl/

reel

Meaning
to lose balance and stagger; to wind or spin something onto a reel
Example
He reeled backward after being punched.
C1 noun/verb /ˈræfəl/

raffle

Meaning
A means of raising money by selling numbered tickets, one or more of which are drawn at random for a prize; to sell something in such a lottery.
Example
The charity decided to raffle a bicycle to raise funds.
B2 adjective /ˈrɪɡ.ər.əs/

rigorous

Meaning
Extremely thorough and demanding in analysis or practice.
Example
A rigorous study plan helps students achieve better results.
C1 adjective /rɪˈɡrɛtfəl/

regretful

Meaning
feeling or showing sadness or disappointment about something that has happened or been done
Example
She gave him a regretful smile as she turned away.
C2 noun /ruːˈeɪ/

roue

Meaning
A man devoted to a life of sensual pleasure; a debauched man.
Example
The old roue squandered his fortune on gambling and women.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪdiənt/

radiant

Meaning
Shining brightly; expressing great happiness.
Example
She looked radiant in her wedding dress.
A2 noun, verb /raʊ/ (argument), /roʊ/ (line of things)

row

Meaning
A line of things or people; also, a noisy quarrel; to propel a boat with oars.
Example
They had a loud row about money.
C1 noun /ˈrɛl.ɪk/

relic

Meaning
an object surviving from an earlier time, often of historical or religious interest
Example
The museum displayed relics from the ancient civilization.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛɡnənt/

regnant

Meaning
Reigning; currently holding power, authority, or dominance.
Example
The regnant queen introduced several reforms during her reign.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛkənˌdaɪt/ or /ˈrɛkəndaɪt/

recondite

Meaning
Little known or difficult to understand.
Example
The professor’s lecture was full of recondite theories.
C1 verb /ˌrevəˈluːʃənaɪz/

revolutionize

Meaning
Change (something) radically or fundamentally.
Example
Artificial intelligence is set to revolutionize the healthcare sector.
B1 noun /rɪˈɡret/

Regret

Meaning
a feeling of sadness or disappointment about something that has happened or been done
Example
She felt deep regret about her harsh words.
C1 noun /ˌrɛs.ɪˈprɒs.ɪ.ti/

reciprocity

Meaning
The practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit.
Example
Business relationships thrive on reciprocity.
A2 verb /ˈrɛkəɡnaɪz/

recognize

Meaning
To identify someone or something seen before; to acknowledge or accept.
Example
She did not recognize him in the crowd.
B2 noun ˌriːkənˈstrʌkʃn

reconstruction

Meaning
The action or process of reconstructing or being reconstructed.
Example
The reconstruction project took years.
B1 noun /rɪˈpɔːtɪŋ/

reporting

Meaning
the act of giving news or information about something
Example
Good reporting is essential for public awareness.