Reference
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B1 noun /ˈref.ər.əns/

Reference

Meaning
the action of mentioning or alluding to something; a source of information
Example
Please provide references to support your research claims.
B1 verb /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

regard

Meaning
to consider or think of in a particular way; to look at
Example
She regards him as her best friend.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpres.ɪv/

Repressive

Meaning
restraining freedom or preventing self-expression; oppressive
Example
The repressive government banned all forms of protest.
C1 noun /ˌrɛspɪˈreɪʃən/

respiration

Meaning
The process of breathing or the exchange of gases in living organisms.
Example
Respiration is essential for all living beings.
A2 noun /rent/

Rent

Meaning
a payment made periodically by a tenant to a landlord for use of property
Example
The monthly rent for this apartment is quite affordable.
B2 verb /rɪˈdʒɔɪs/

rejoice

Meaning
to feel or show great joy; to celebrate
Example
The family rejoices at the good news.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtaɪərɪŋ/

retiring

Meaning
Shy and reserved; avoiding social contact.
Example
She is a quiet, retiring woman who avoids attention.
C1 adjective /ˈrɛvərənt/

reverent

Meaning
Showing deep and solemn respect.
Example
They listened to the speech in a reverent silence.
B1 verb /rɪˈviːl/

reveal

Meaning
to make known or show something that was hidden
Example
The investigation revealed the truth.
A2 noun /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

running

Meaning
the action or sport of running
Example
Running every morning keeps me healthy.
B1 adjective, noun /ˈroʊmən/

roman

Meaning
relating to Rome or its people; a citizen of ancient Rome
Example
The Roman Empire influenced much of modern civilization.
B1 noun /ˌrɛzəˈluːʃən/

resolution

Meaning
The action of solving a problem, dispute, or contentious matter.
Example
The resolution of the issue requires careful planning and action.
B2 noun /ˈruːmər/

rumor

Meaning
a currently circulating story or report of uncertain or doubtful truth.
Example
There’s a rumor that the company will merge next year.
B2 verb /rɪˈzɑlv/

resolve

Meaning
to solve a problem; to decide firmly
Example
The manager resolves the conflict between employees.
C1 adjective rɪˈlɛntləs

relentless

Meaning
Oppressively constant; incessant; showing no abatement of severity, intensity, strength, or pace.
Example
The freedom fighters' relentless struggle led to victory.
B2 noun /ˈruːdnəs/

Rudeness

Meaning
the quality of being impolite, discourteous, or offensive in behavior or speech
Example
His rudeness shocked everyone at the dinner party.
C1 adjective /ˈroʊ.ɡɪʃ/

Roguish

Meaning
mischievous; playfully dishonest
Example
His roguish smile suggested he was up to some mischief.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈpriːv/

reprieve

Meaning
A temporary relief or delay from something unpleasant; to postpone or cancel punishment.
Example
The prisoner was granted a last-minute reprieve from execution.
B2 noun /ˈrerəti/

Rarity

Meaning
the state of being rare; something that is uncommon or scarce
Example
The antique vase was a rarity worth thousands of dollars.
B2 adjective /ˈrɪɡ.ər.əs/

rigorous

Meaning
Extremely thorough and demanding in analysis or practice.
Example
A rigorous study plan helps students achieve better results.
C1 verb rɪˈlɪŋ.kwɪʃ

relinquish

Meaning
To give up any authority, responsibility, or property.
Example
He decided to relinquish his position as CEO.
C1 noun /ˈreɪ.vən/

Raven

Meaning
a large, black bird with a thick bill and harsh croaking voice
Example
The raven perched on the old oak tree and cawed loudly.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈlæps/

relapse

Meaning
to return to a worse condition, especially after improvement; a deterioration after recovery
Example
After months of progress, he suffered a relapse.
C1 adjective /rɪˈbel.jəs/

Rebellious

Meaning
defying authority; resisting control; disobedient;
Example
The rebellious teenager refused to follow his parents' rules.
C1 adjective /rɪˈflek.sɪv/

Reflexive

Meaning
directed back on itself; showing deep thought about oneself
Example
She became more reflexive about her behavior after the feedback.
B1 adjective /rɪˈmɑːrkəbl/

Remarkable

Meaning
worthy of attention; extraordinary; notable;
Example
His recovery from the illness was remarkable.
B2 verb /rɪˈtriːt/

retreat

Meaning
to move back or withdraw from a position or situation
Example
The soldiers had to retreat after losing the battle.
C2 noun /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnʃən/

reprehension

Meaning
The act of rebuking or criticizing severely.
Example
The teacher’s reprehension of the student’s behavior was justified.
C1 adjective /rɪˈdʒɛn.ə.rə.tɪv/

regenerative

Meaning
Able to restore or renew damaged environments, soil, or resources.
Example
Regenerative farming improves soil health and biodiversity.
B2 adjective /rɪˈɡret.ə.bəl/

Regrettable

Meaning
causing or deserving regret; unfortunate; deplorable
Example
It is regrettable that so many talented people left the company.
B2 noun /ˈrep.taɪl/

Reptile

Meaning
a cold-blooded animal with scaly skin that lays eggs on land
Example
The lizard is a common reptile found in gardens.
B2 noun /rɪˈdʒɛkʃən/

rejection

Meaning
the action of refusing or dismissing something or someone
Example
Her rejection of the offer surprised everyone.
C2 adjective /ˌrɛpərˈtɔːriəl/

repertorial

Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of a repertoire, especially in journalism or performance contexts.
Example
The journalist's repertorial style captured every detail of the unfolding story.
C1 noun /ˈrɛdʒɪmənt/

regiment

Meaning
A permanent unit of an army, typically commanded by a colonel and divided into several companies.
Example
The regiment marched proudly through the streets after returning from the mission.
C1 verb /ˈrætɪfaɪ/

ratify

Meaning
to approve or confirm something officially, usually by law or formal consent
Example
The government ratified the trade agreement.
C1 noun /ˈrɛz.ə.nəns/

resonance

Meaning
A deep, reverberating sound or a quality of evoking response.
Example
His speech had a deep resonance with the audience.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæst/

recast

Meaning
To present or change something in a different form or style.
Example
The director decided to recast the role with a younger actor.
B2 adjective /ˈruː.mi/

Roomy

Meaning
spacious; having a lot of room
Example
The apartment is very roomy with spacious bedrooms.
C1 noun /ˌrɛfəˈrɛndəm/

referendum

Meaning
a general vote by the population on a single political issue
Example
The government held a referendum on the new constitution.
A2 adjective /ˈrʌʃən/

russian

Meaning
relating to Russia, its people, or its language
Example
She is studying the Russian language at university.
B2 noun /ˈreɪ.zən/

Raisin

Meaning
dried grape
Example
She added raisins to the oatmeal cookies for extra sweetness.
B1 adverb /ˈrel.ə.tɪv.li/

Relatively

Meaning
in comparison to something else; quite; fairly
Example
The weather is relatively warm today.
B1 adverb /ˈrʌfli/

Roughly

Meaning
approximately; in a harsh or violent way
Example
The project will take roughly three months to complete.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪdiənt/

radiant

Meaning
Shining brightly; expressing great happiness.
Example
She looked radiant in her wedding dress.
C1 verb /rɪˈsɜːrdʒ/

resurge

Meaning
To rise, increase, or become active again after a decline.
Example
Interest in traditional crafts has begun to resurge.
B1 noun /rɪˈpɔːrtər/

reporter

Meaning
a person who reports news or information
Example
The reporter interviewed several people at the scene.
C1 verb /rɪˈprɛs/

repress

Meaning
To restrain, suppress, or keep under control, especially emotions or desires.
Example
He tried to repress his anger during the meeting.
C1 noun /ˈræp.tʃər/

rapture

Meaning
A feeling of intense joy, delight, or ecstasy.
Example
She listened to the music in rapture.
C2 adjective /rɪˈsplɛndənt/

resplendent

Meaning
Shining brilliantly; dazzling in appearance or effect
Example
The bride looked resplendent in her wedding gown.
C1 noun /rɪˈtriː.vəl/

retrieval

Meaning
The process of getting something back, especially from storage or memory.
Example
The brain's retrieval system helps recall past experiences.
A2 verb /rɪˈplaɪ/

reply

Meaning
to give an answer; to respond
Example
She replies to emails quickly.
C1 verb rɪˈplɛn.ɪʃ

replenish

Meaning
Fill something up again.
Example
Drinking water helps replenish lost fluids in the body.
C2 noun /ˈreɪləri/

raillery

Meaning
good-humored teasing or joking
Example
Their friendship was full of light-hearted raillery.
B1 verb /rɪˈvjuː/

review

Meaning
to examine or assess something again; to write a critical evaluation
Example
I need to review my notes before the exam.
B2 noun /ˈrɪb.ən/

ribbon

Meaning
a long, narrow strip of fabric used for tying or decoration
Example
She tied her hair with a red ribbon.
B2 verb /reɪn/

reign

Meaning
to rule as a king or queen; to be dominant
Example
The queen reigned for over sixty years.
B2 adverb /rɪˈɡɑrdləs/

regardless

Meaning
without paying attention to the current situation or condition
Example
She will go to the party regardless of the weather.
C2 adjective /rɪˈmɪs/

remiss

Meaning
Negligent in performing a duty or responsibility.
Example
The manager was remiss in not checking the financial reports carefully.
A1 verb /rɪˈmembə/

remember

Meaning
to bring a past event back into one's mind; to keep in memory
Example
I remember my first day at school.
C1 verb /rɪˈzaʊnd/

resound

Meaning
To fill a place with sound; to be celebrated or talked about widely.
Example
The hall resounded with applause.
C1 noun /ˈrez.ɪ.dənt ˈkəʊ.ɔː.dɪ.neɪ.tər/

resident coordinator

Meaning
A local administrator or official who coordinates activities in a specific region.
Example
The resident coordinator welcomed all representatives.
C1 noun ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.ər.i ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv

revolutionary initiative

Meaning
A groundbreaking action or plan that brings about significant change or transformation.
Example
The revolutionary initiative promotes sustainable energy.
B2 adverb /ˈred.ɪ.li/

Readily

Meaning
willingly; easily; without hesitation
Example
She readily agreed to help with the project.
C2 noun /rɪˈfɛktəri/

refectory

Meaning
a dining hall, especially in a monastery, convent, or school
Example
Students had lunch in the refectory.
C1 noun /rɪˈteɪnər/

retainer

Meaning
a fee paid in advance to secure someone's services, or a device that holds something in place
Example
The lawyer asked for a retainer before taking the case.
C1 noun/verb /ˈrɛprɪˌmænd/

reprimand

Meaning
A formal expression of disapproval; to scold or criticize someone officially.
Example
The teacher reprimanded the student for being late.
C1 noun ˌriːˌvaɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

revitalization

Meaning
The action of giving new life and vitality to something.
Example
Proper rest and nutrition lead to revitalization of the body.
C2 verb /ˈrævɪʃ/

ravish

Meaning
To fill with intense delight; to captivate or enchant.
Example
The beauty of the sunset ravished the travelers.
C1 adjective /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnsəbl̩/

reprehensible

Meaning
Deserving strong criticism or blame.
Example
His dishonest actions were truly reprehensible.
B2 noun /ˌref.jʊˈdʒiː/

Refugee

Meaning
a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster
Example
The refugee camp provided temporary shelter for thousands of displaced families.
B2 adjective /rɪˈzɪstənt/

resistant

Meaning
not affected by something; able to oppose or withstand
Example
This fabric is resistant to water and stains.
B2 noun /ˌriː.əˈʃʊr.əns/

Reassurance

Meaning
comfort or confidence given to someone to remove their fears or doubts
Example
She needed reassurance that everything would be okay.
B2 verb /rɪˈvɜːrt/

revert

Meaning
to return to a previous state, condition, or practice
Example
The system will revert to its original settings after the update.
B1 verb /riˈækt/

react

Meaning
to respond or behave in a particular way to something
Example
She reacted angrily when she heard the news.
C1 verb /rɪˈnaʊns/

renounce

Meaning
to formally declare rejection of something, such as a claim, belief, or way of life
Example
She renounced her citizenship to move abroad permanently.
B2 verb /rɪˈfreʃ/

refresh

Meaning
to make fresh again; to restore energy
Example
A cold drink refreshes me on hot days.
C1 adjective ˈriːdʒən spəˈsɪfɪk

region-specific

Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of a particular region or area.
Example
Climate change impacts are region-specific.
B2 noun /reɪk/

Rake

Meaning
a garden tool with a long handle and prongs for gathering leaves; to gather with a rake
Example
He used a rake to gather the fallen autumn leaves.
A2 noun /roʊl/

role

Meaning
a part or function of something
Example
Her role in the project was crucial.
C1 adjective /ˈrep.jə.tə.bəl/

Reputable

Meaning
having a good reputation; respected and trusted
Example
She works for a reputable law firm in the city.
A2 verb /rɪˈmeɪn/

remain

Meaning
to stay in the same place; to continue to exist
Example
Only a few guests remain at the party.
C2 adjective /ˈrʌdi/

ruddy

Meaning
Having a healthy red color in the face.
Example
She had a ruddy complexion from working outdoors.
C2 noun /ˌrɛtəˈrɪʃən/

rhetorician

Meaning
A person who is skilled in the art of rhetoric or persuasive speaking/writing.
Example
The rhetorician captivated the audience with his eloquence.
B2 noun /ˈreɪtɪŋ/

rating

Meaning
an evaluation or assessment, usually numerical
Example
The movie received a high rating from critics.
C1 noun rɪˈdʒɛn.ər.ə.tɪv ˈfɑːr.mɪŋ

regenerative farming

Meaning
Agricultural practices that improve soil health and biodiversity.
Example
Regenerative farming improves soil fertility and biodiversity.
B2 noun /rɪˈmaɪndər/

reminder

Meaning
something that helps you remember a fact, event, or action that you need to do or recall
Example
He set a reminder to call his mother on her birthday.
B2 verb /rɪˈstreɪn/

restrain

Meaning
to hold back or control; to limit or restrict
Example
Please restrain your dog.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɔːrs ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

resource-efficient

Meaning
Using resources in a way that minimizes waste and maximizes productivity.
Example
Resource-efficient farming conserves water and energy.
C1 adjective /ˈræspi/

raspy

Meaning
having a harsh, rough, or grating sound
Example
His raspy voice revealed years of smoking.
B2 noun /ˈrɛfjuːdʒ/

refuge

Meaning
a place that provides shelter or protection from danger or distress
Example
The villagers took refuge in the temple during the storm.
B1 noun /rɪˈvɪʒ.ən/

Revision

Meaning
the action of revising; a revised edition or form of something; review of subject matter
Example
The students spent hours doing revision for their final exams.
C2 verb /rɪˈvaɪl/

revile

Meaning
to criticize in an abusive or angrily insulting manner
Example
The politician was reviled by the public for his corruption.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈpoʊz/

repose

Meaning
a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility; to rest or lie in a peaceful position
Example
After the long journey, she sought repose in the quiet garden.
C1 adjective /ræmˈbʌŋk.ʃəs/

rambunctious

Meaning
boisterous, energetic, and difficult to control.
Example
The rambunctious children filled the house with noise.
A2 noun /rɪˈzʌlt/

result

Meaning
a consequence, effect, or outcome of something
Example
The result of the test was excellent.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈvaɪ.t̬əl.aɪz/

revitalize

Meaning
To restore energy and effectiveness to something.
Example
The new policies aim to revitalize the economy.
C2 noun /rɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

renunciation

Meaning
the formal rejection or giving up of something, usually a belief, claim, or way of life
Example
His renunciation of worldly pleasures impressed the monks.
C1 noun /ˌrɛkwɪˈzɪʃən/

requisition

Meaning
An official order laying claim to the use of property or materials; a formal demand or request.
Example
The manager submitted a requisition for new office supplies.
B1 noun, verb /ˈrɒkɪt/

rocket

Meaning
a missile or vehicle propelled by a rocket engine; to increase or move very quickly
Example
The company’s profits rocketed after the new product launch.
B1 noun /ruːˈtiːn/

routine

Meaning
A sequence of actions regularly followed; a fixed program.
Example
A well-structured routine improves productivity.
B1 noun /rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/

recording

Meaning
the act or process of recording something
Example
The recording of the interview was clear and loud.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkɒn.stɪ.tʃuːt/

reconstitute

Meaning
to restore something to its original form or state; to reassemble
Example
The group was reconstituted after the leader returned.
C1 adjective /ˈrævənəs/

ravenous

Meaning
Extremely hungry; famished.
Example
After the long hike, she was ravenous and ate quickly.
C2 verb /rɪˈmɒnstreɪt/

remonstrate

Meaning
To make a forceful protest or objection.
Example
Citizens remonstrated against the new tax policy.
B1 noun /ˈrʌnər/

runner

Meaning
a person who runs, especially in races or for exercise
Example
The runner crossed the finish line with a big smile.
C1 noun /ˌræm.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

ramification

Meaning
a consequence of an action or event, often complex or unwelcome.
Example
The new law has serious social ramifications.
B2 adjective /rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/

reliant

Meaning
depending on someone or something for support
Example
The country is too reliant on imported goods.
B1 noun /ˈreɪlˌroʊd/

railroad

Meaning
a track or system of tracks made of steel rails along which trains run
Example
The railroad connects the city to several nearby towns.
B2 noun /ˈreb.əl/

Rebel

Meaning
a person who resists authority or control
Example
The young rebel refused to follow the school rules.
B2 noun rɪˈkruːt.mənt

recruitment

Meaning
The action of finding new people to join an organization or support a cause.
Example
Recruitment strengthens the workforce.
C2 adjective /rɪˈfʌldʒənt/

refulgent

Meaning
Shining brightly; radiant.
Example
The refulgent sun lit up the entire valley.
B2 adjective rɪˈnaʊnd

renowned

Meaning
Known or talked about by many people; famous.
Example
The renowned scientist led the reform panel.
C1 adjective /ˈræmpənt/

rampant

Meaning
existing or spreading unchecked, often in an undesirable way
Example
Corruption was rampant in the city administration.
A2 noun /ruːl/

rule

Meaning
an accepted principle or instruction that states what is allowed or what must be done.
Example
There are strict rules about safety in the lab.
B1 verb /ˈreskjuː/

rescue

Meaning
to save someone or something from danger or harm
Example
The firefighters rescued the cat from the tree.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpen.tənt/

Repentant

Meaning
feeling or expressing sincere regret and remorse; sorry for one's actions
Example
The repentant thief returned the stolen money.
C1 noun /rɪˈfɜːrər/

referrer

Meaning
a person who directs someone to another person or service
Example
The referrer earned a bonus for recommending a new client.
C2 noun /rɪˌdʒuːvəˈnɛsəns/

rejuvenescence

Meaning
the action or process of becoming young or fresh again
Example
The forest showed signs of rejuvenescence after the rains.
C1 noun /ˈrɒstrəm/

rostrum

Meaning
A raised platform for speakers, performers, or leaders.
Example
The politician delivered a speech from the rostrum.
C1 adjective /ˈrɛzənənt/

resonant

Meaning
Deep, clear, and continuing to sound or echo.
Example
The resonant voice of the speaker filled the hall.
C1 adjective /raɪf/

rife

Meaning
widespread or common, often in a negative sense
Example
Corruption was rife in the old government system.