C2 adjective /ˈreə.rɪ.faɪd/

rarefied

Meaning

Of high moral, intellectual, or cultural value; distant from ordinary life.

Example

He works in the rarefied world of classical music.

B2 adjective /raɪp/

Ripe

Meaning

fully developed and ready to eat; mature; ready for action or use

Example

The bananas are ripe and ready to eat.

B2 noun /ræk/

Rack

Meaning

a framework or structure for holding or storing things

Example

She hung her coat on the rack by the door.

C2 noun /ˌrɛv.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/

revocation

Meaning

The act of officially canceling or withdrawing something.

Example

The court ordered the revocation of his license.

B1 adjective /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

remaining

Meaning

still existing or left after others are gone or dealt with

Example

There were only a few remaining tickets for the concert.

B2 verb /rɪˈsaɪt/

recite

Meaning

To say aloud something learned, especially poetry or text, from memory.

Example

The child recited a poem in front of the class.

C1 adjective /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsənt/

reminiscent

Meaning

Tending to remind one of something; suggestive of something in the past.

Example

The smell of rain is reminiscent of my childhood in the village.

C1 noun /rɪˈmɪt.əns/

Remittance

Meaning

A sum of money sent in payment or as a gift.

Example

The country's economy benefits from expatriate remittance.

C2 adjective /rɪˈfræɡəbəl/

refragable

Meaning

Capable of being refuted or disproved.

Example

His argument was weak and easily refragable.

B1 noun rɪˈsɜː.tʃəz

researchers

Meaning

People who study and investigate to discover new information or facts.

Example

Researchers are working on innovative solutions.

A2 noun /rɪˈlɪdʒ.ən/

religion

Meaning

a system of faith and worship involving belief in a higher power

Example

Freedom of religion is a fundamental human right.

C1 adjective /rɪˈdʒɛn.ə.rə.tɪv/

regenerative

Meaning

Able to restore or renew damaged environments, soil, or resources.

Example

Regenerative farming improves soil health and biodiversity.

C1 noun/verb /rɪˈpoʊz/

repose

Meaning

a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility; to rest or lie in a peaceful position

Example

After the long journey, she sought repose in the quiet garden.

B2 noun rɪˈkruːt.mənt

recruitment

Meaning

The action of finding new people to join an organization or support a cause.

Example

Recruitment strengthens the workforce.

B1 verb /rɪˈdʒekt/

reject

Meaning

to refuse to accept or consider something

Example

The committee decided to reject the proposal.

B1 noun /rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/

recording

Meaning

the act or process of recording something

Example

The recording of the interview was clear and loud.

B2 noun /ˈruːstər/

rooster

Meaning

A male domestic chicken, especially one that crows.

Example

The rooster crowed at dawn, waking up the whole village.

B2 noun /ˈrɛfjuːdʒ/

refuge

Meaning

a place that provides shelter or protection from danger or distress

Example

The villagers took refuge in the temple during the storm.

B1 verb /rɪˈtɜrnɪŋ/

returning

Meaning

Coming or going back to a place or person.

Example

The group is returning to the port on December 25th.

A1 noun ˈræbɪt

rabbit

Meaning

A small mammal with long ears, long hind legs, and a short tail

Example

The rabbit ran quickly into the forest.

B2 verb /rɪˈzɜːv/

reserve

Meaning

to keep something for future use; to book in advance

Example

I want to reserve a table for dinner.

C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæst/

recast

Meaning

To present or change something in a different form or style.

Example

The director decided to recast the role with a younger actor.

C1 noun /ˈrez.ɪ.dənt ˈkəʊ.ɔː.dɪ.neɪ.tər/

resident coordinator

Meaning

A local administrator or official who coordinates activities in a specific region.

Example

The resident coordinator welcomed all representatives.

C1 noun ˌriːˈstrʌk.tʃər.ɪŋ

restructuring

Meaning

The action of organizing something differently.

Example

The company underwent restructuring to improve efficiency.

A1 adverb /ˈriː.ə.li/

Really

Meaning

actually; truly; very much

Example

I really enjoyed the concert last night.

C1 adjective /ˈrænsɪd/

rancid

Meaning

having a bad taste or smell due to being old or spoiled (especially fats or oils)

Example

The butter had gone rancid after being left out too long.

B1 noun /rɪˈsep.ʃən/

Reception

Meaning

the action of receiving something or someone; a formal social occasion held to welcome someone

Example

The wedding reception was held at a beautiful hotel.

A1 adjective /red/

Red

Meaning

having the color of blood or fire; of the color red

Example

She wore a beautiful red dress to the party.

C2 adjective /ˈroʊziət/

roseate

Meaning

Having a pink color; optimistic or idealistic.

Example

She looked at the future with roseate optimism.

C2 noun /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnʃən/

reprehension

Meaning

The act of rebuking or criticizing severely.

Example

The teacher’s reprehension of the student’s behavior was justified.

A2 adverb /ˈriː.sənt.li/

Recently

Meaning

in the recent past; not long ago

Example

I recently moved to a new apartment.

C1 adjective /rɪˈpɛlənt/

repellent

Meaning

Able to drive away something, especially insects or unpleasant things; causing disgust or distaste.

Example

This cream is highly effective as a mosquito repellent.

C1 verb /ˌrekəˈlekt/

recollect

Meaning

to remember something; to recall from memory

Example

I can't recollect where I put my keys.

C1 noun /rəʊˈbɒt.ɪk ˈsɜː.dʒər.i/

robotic surgery

Meaning

Surgery performed with the assistance of robotic systems to enhance precision and reduce invasiveness.

Example

Robotic surgery enhances precision in complex procedures.

A2 noun /ˈroʊbɒt/

robot

Meaning

a machine capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically

Example

The factory uses robots to assemble cars efficiently.

C1 verb /rɪˈmɪt/

remit

Meaning

To send money in payment or as a gift; to cancel or refrain from exacting a debt or punishment.

Example

He promised to remit the payment by the end of the week.

A2 adverb /ˈrɛə(r)li/

rarely

Meaning

not often, infrequently

Example

She rarely eats sweets because of her diet.

C2 noun /ˈriːbəs/

rebus

Meaning

a puzzle in which words are represented by pictures, symbols, or letters

Example

The children enjoyed solving the rebus puzzles in the magazine.

B2 verb rɪˈstɔːr

restore

Meaning

To bring back to a former or original state; to reinstate.

Example

Restoring the tradition of student politics is necessary.

B2 adjective /ˈruː.mi/

Roomy

Meaning

spacious; having a lot of room

Example

The apartment is very roomy with spacious bedrooms.

C2 noun/verb /ˈrɛkəmˌpɛns/

recompense

Meaning

to compensate someone for loss or harm suffered; compensation given for damage or injury

Example

The company offered financial recompense to the injured worker.

C2 adjective /rəˈʃɛrʃ/

recherche

Meaning

Rare, exotic, or obscure, often in a sophisticated or refined way.

Example

The gallery displayed many recherche artworks from unknown artists.

C1 adverb /rɪˈspek.tə.bli/

Respectably

Meaning

in a way that is worthy of respect; decently; properly

Example

She was dressed respectably for the interview.

C2 adjective /ˈrʌdi/

ruddy

Meaning

Having a healthy red color in the face.

Example

She had a ruddy complexion from working outdoors.

B1 noun, verb /ˈrɒkɪt/

rocket

Meaning

a missile or vehicle propelled by a rocket engine; to increase or move very quickly

Example

The company’s profits rocketed after the new product launch.

C1 verb /riːˈfɜːrbɪʃ/

refurbish

Meaning

To renovate or redecorate something, especially a building.

Example

The company decided to refurbish its old office.

C1 noun rɪˈdʌndənsi

redundancy

Meaning

The state of being not or no longer needed or useful; superfluousness.

Example

The redundancy in the company's workforce led to many layoffs.

C1 noun, verb /raʊt/

rout

Meaning

A decisive defeat; to defeat completely.

Example

The army routed the enemy forces in the battle.

A2 verb /rɪˈdjuːs/

reduce

Meaning

to make smaller in size, amount, or degree; to decrease

Example

We need to reduce our expenses this month.

B2 verb /reɪl/

rail

Meaning

to complain or protest strongly about something

Example

He railed against the unfair decision.

C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛptɪv/

receptive

Meaning

Willing to listen to or accept new ideas, suggestions, or experiences.

Example

She was receptive to feedback from her colleagues.

B2 adjective rɪˈnaʊnd

renowned

Meaning

Known or talked about by many people; famous.

Example

The renowned scientist led the reform panel.

C1 noun /rɪˈmɔːrs/

Remorse

Meaning

deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed; bitter regret for something done

Example

He felt deep remorse for his actions.

C1 verb /ˈreɪdieɪt/

radiate

Meaning

to emit energy or light; to spread out from a center

Example

The fireplace radiates warmth throughout the room.

B2 verb /rɪˈnuː/

renew

Meaning

to make something new again or extend its period of validity

Example

I need to renew my passport before traveling.

C1 noun /rʌsk/

Rusk

Meaning

a hard, dry biscuit or twice-baked bread; a type of crisp, sweet biscuit

Example

The baby enjoyed eating the soft rusk with milk.

B2 noun /rɪm/

rim

Meaning

the outer edge or border of a circular object

Example

The coffee cup had a chip on its rim.

B1 verb /riˈækt/

react

Meaning

to respond or behave in a particular way to something

Example

She reacted angrily when she heard the news.

C1 adjective /ˈroʊ.ɡɪʃ/

Roguish

Meaning

mischievous; playfully dishonest

Example

His roguish smile suggested he was up to some mischief.

C1 adjective /rɪˈtɜː.nə.bəl/

Returnable

Meaning

able to be returned or given back

Example

The bottle is returnable for a deposit refund.

B1 adjective /rɪˈpiː.tɪd/

Repeated

Meaning

done again; happening again; occurring multiple times

Example

He made repeated attempts to contact her.

C2 noun /ruːθ/

ruth

Meaning

A feeling of pity, compassion, or sorrow.

Example

He felt no ruth for the people he had betrayed.

C2 noun /ˈræʃənəlɪzəm/

rationalism

Meaning

a belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than religious belief or emotion

Example

Rationalism emphasizes logic and reasoning over faith.

A1 noun /ruːm/

room

Meaning

A space within a building enclosed by walls, floor, and ceiling

Example

She decorated her room with bright colors.

C2 adjective /ˈrɛɡnənt/

regnant

Meaning

Reigning; currently holding power, authority, or dominance.

Example

The regnant queen introduced several reforms during her reign.

B2 noun /roʊst/

Roast

Meaning

Meat cooked by dry heat in an oven or over an open fire

Example

The Sunday roast was perfectly cooked and very tender.

C1 noun rɪˈdɛmpʃən

redemption

Meaning

The action of saving or being saved from sin, error, or evil.

Example

The story highlights the theme of redemption.

B2 noun /ˈrɛzərvwɑːr/

reservoir

Meaning

A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.

Example

The city built a new reservoir to ensure enough drinking water for its residents.

C1 noun /rɪˈtrækʃən/

retraction

Meaning

the act of taking back a statement, promise, or belief

Example

The newspaper issued a retraction of the false report.

C1 noun ˈrez.ɪ.djuːz

residues

Meaning

A small amount of something that remains after the main part has gone or been taken or used.

Example

The burning process leaves no harmful residues.

B2 noun /ˈræŋkɪŋ/

ranking

Meaning

a position in a list or hierarchy, especially in terms of performance or importance

Example

His ranking in the competition improved after each round.

C1 noun /ˈroʊ.lɪŋ bɔːrd/

Rolling board

Meaning

a flat wooden or marble surface used for rolling out dough

Example

She placed the dough on the rolling board.

C2 noun /riːm/

ream

Meaning

A large quantity of paper (typically 500 sheets); informally, a large amount of something.

Example

The office ordered ten reams of paper.

C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæl.ɪ.breɪt/

recalibrate

Meaning

To calibrate again or differently; to adjust or correct something based on new information or changed circumstances.

Example

The company had to recalibrate its strategies to adapt to the market.

C2 adjective /ˈrɛkənˌdaɪt/ or /ˈrɛkəndaɪt/

recondite

Meaning

Little known or difficult to understand.

Example

The professor’s lecture was full of recondite theories.

B2 noun, verb /ˈrætəl/

rattle

Meaning

to make a rapid series of short, sharp sounds; a device or object that makes such a sound

Example

The loose window began to rattle in the strong wind.

B2 noun /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

reproduction

Meaning

The process of producing offspring; the act of copying or duplicating.

Example

The textbook included a detailed diagram of human reproduction.

A2 noun /roʊz/

Rose

Meaning

a fragrant flower with thorny stems, typically red, pink, white, or yellow

Example

She gave me a beautiful red rose for Valentine's Day.

B2 noun ˌreɪ.di.oʊ.ækˈtɪv.ə.ti

radioactivity

Meaning

The emission of ionizing radiation or particles caused by the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei.

Example

Radioactivity is used in medical treatments like cancer therapy.

C1 noun /ˈruː.bi/

Ruby

Meaning

a precious red gemstone; a deep red variety of corundum

Example

The ruby ring was her most treasured possession.

B2 adjective /rɪˈlʌktənt/

Reluctant

Meaning

unwilling; hesitant; disinclined to do something;

Example

She was reluctant to share her personal information.

A2 verb /rɪˈpleɪs/

replace

Meaning

to take the place of something or someone; to put something new in place of something old

Example

He decided to replace the broken lamp with a new one.

B2 noun /ˈrerəti/

Rarity

Meaning

the state of being rare; something that is uncommon or scarce

Example

The antique vase was a rarity worth thousands of dollars.

C1 noun /rɪˈkɜr.əns/

Recurrence

Meaning

the fact of something happening again; an instance of something happening again

Example

The doctor was concerned about the recurrence of the patient's symptoms.

B2 adjective /ˈræp.ɪd/

Rapid

Meaning

happening in a short time or at a fast pace

Example

The rapid growth of technology has changed our daily lives.

A2 verb /ˈriːəlaɪz/

realize

Meaning

to become aware of; to understand clearly; to achieve or make real

Example

I didn't realize how late it was until I checked the clock.

B1 noun /ruːt/

route

Meaning

a way or course taken to get from one place to another

Example

The best route to the airport is through the highway.

A2 noun rɪˈspɛkt

respect

Meaning

A feeling of deep admiration for someone or something.

Example

We should show respect to the freedom fighters.

C1 noun /ˌræm.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

ramification

Meaning

a consequence of an action or event, often complex or unwelcome.

Example

The new law has serious social ramifications.

C1 adjective /ˈrɛzənənt/

resonant

Meaning

Deep, clear, and continuing to sound or echo.

Example

The resonant voice of the speaker filled the hall.

C1 verb /rɪˈkuːpəreɪt/

recuperate

Meaning

to recover from illness or regain strength

Example

She went to the countryside to recuperate after surgery.

C1 noun /roʊz ˈber.i/

Rose berry

Meaning

a type of berry with rose-like characteristics or flavor

Example

The rose berry has a delicate floral taste that reminds me of roses.

C1 verb /ˌriːˈsiːt/

reseat

Meaning

to seat someone again or to fit something back into its place

Example

The usher had to reseat the guests after the interruption.

A2 verb /rɪˈtɜːrn/

return

Meaning

to come or go back to a place; to give back

Example

I will return home tomorrow.

B2 noun /ˈriːzənɪŋ/

reasoning

Meaning

the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgment

Example

Her reasoning for leaving was clear and logical.

C1 noun /rɪˈzʌmp.ʃən/

Resumption

Meaning

the action of beginning something again after a pause or interruption

Example

The resumption of classes will be announced next week.

B2 adverb /rɪˈspektɪvli/

Respectively

Meaning

in the order given; separately and in the order already mentioned

Example

John and Mary are 25 and 30 years old respectively.

C2 adjective /rɪˈzɪstləs/

resistless

Meaning

Impossible to resist; having an overpowering effect.

Example

She felt a resistless urge to laugh at the joke.

A1 noun /raɪs/

Rice

Meaning

a cereal grain that is a staple food in many countries

Example

We eat rice with curry for dinner.

C1 adverb /ˈrɪdʒɪdli/

Rigidly

Meaning

in a strict, inflexible manner; without compromise

Example

The rules are rigidly enforced in this institution.

C2 adjective /ˈrɛd.ələnt/

redolent

Meaning

having a strong pleasant smell; strongly reminiscent or suggestive of something

Example

The kitchen was redolent of spices and fresh herbs.

C2 noun /rɪˈfrækʃən/

refraction

Meaning

The bending of light, sound, or other waves when they pass from one medium to another of different density.

Example

The refraction of light in water makes objects appear bent.

C1 noun /rɪˈnaʊn/

Renown

Meaning

the condition of being known or talked about by many people; fame

Example

The scientist achieved international renown for her discoveries.

B2 adverb /ˈred.ɪ.li/

Readily

Meaning

willingly; easily; without hesitation

Example

She readily agreed to help with the project.

C1 verb /ˈrɪdɪkjuːl/

ridicule

Meaning

To make fun of someone or something in a cruel or dismissive way.

Example

He was ridiculed for his strange ideas.

C2 noun /rɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

renunciation

Meaning

the formal rejection or giving up of something, usually a belief, claim, or way of life

Example

His renunciation of worldly pleasures impressed the monks.

C2 noun /ˌrækənˈtɜːr/

Raconteur

Meaning

a person who tells anecdotes in a skillful and amusing way

Example

The old man was a gifted raconteur who entertained everyone with his stories.

B1 noun roʊps

ropes

Meaning

A length of thick strong cord made by twisting together strands of hemp, sisal, nylon, or similar material.

Example

The ropes were tied securely to lift the heavy load.

C2 verb /rɪˈkwaɪt/

requite

Meaning

to return or repay a favor, service, or feeling

Example

She requited his kindness with a thoughtful gift.

C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛsɪv/

recessive

Meaning

In genetics, relating to a trait that is expressed only when two copies of the gene are present.

Example

Blue eye color is often a recessive trait.

C1 noun /ˈriːbeɪt/

rebate

Meaning

a partial refund given to someone who has paid too much money for something

Example

The store offered a rebate on bulk purchases.

B2 noun /rɪˈmeɪnz/

remains

Meaning

the parts, pieces, or substances that are left after the rest has been used or removed

Example

The remains of the meal were left on the table.

B2 adjective /rɪˈstrɪk.tɪd/

Restricted

Meaning

limited or controlled; subject to restrictions

Example

Access to this area is restricted to authorized personnel only.

C1 adjective /ˌruː.dɪˈmen.tər.i/

Rudimentary

Meaning

basic; elementary; undeveloped; in the earliest stage of development

Example

She has only rudimentary knowledge of French.

C1 noun /ˈrɛɡjəleɪtər/

regulator

Meaning

a person or device that controls or maintains the operation of a system

Example

The government appointed a new regulator for the financial sector.

B1 noun /ˌrɛdʒɪˈstreɪʃən/

registration

Meaning

the action or process of enrolling or signing up for something

Example

The registration for the event will close tomorrow.

C1 noun /rɪˈvʌlʃən/

revulsion

Meaning

a strong feeling of disgust or repulsion

Example

She felt revulsion at the sight of the cruel act.

B1 noun /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/

replacement

Meaning

the act of substituting one thing or person for another

Example

She got a replacement for her damaged phone.

B2 verb /reɪd/

raid

Meaning

to attack suddenly; to search and seize

Example

Police raid the illegal gambling house.

B1 verb rɪˈdjuːst

reduced

Meaning

Make smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.

Example

Singapore has reduced plastic usage significantly.

B2 noun /rʌʃ/

Rush

Meaning

a sudden quick movement toward something; a period of great activity or demand; hurry

Example

There was a rush to buy tickets for the concert.