panacea
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C1 noun /ˌpænəˈsiːə/

panacea

Meaning
A solution or remedy for all difficulties or diseases.
Example
Education is often seen as a panacea for social problems.
C2 noun /ˈdjʊərəns/

durance

Meaning
imprisonment or confinement
Example
The prisoner spent years in durance before his release.
C1 verb কনডেন্স

condense

Meaning
To change from gas to liquid form; to become denser.
Example
Water vapor condenses into raindrops.
C1 noun ˈsɛlfləsnɪs

selflessness

Meaning
The quality of being concerned more with the needs of others than with one's own.
Example
Selflessness is a key value for community building.
C2 noun/adjective /ˈsaɪklɔɪd/

cycloid

Meaning
a curve traced by a point on the rim of a circle as it rolls along a straight line
Example
The cycloid is often studied in mathematics and physics.
C2 adjective /ˈprʊəriənt/

prurient

Meaning
having or showing an excessive interest in sexual matters
Example
The magazine was criticized for its prurient content.
C2 noun /trʌs/

truss

Meaning
a framework, typically consisting of rafters, posts, and struts, supporting a roof, bridge, or other structure
Example
The engineer designed a strong truss for the new bridge.
C2 noun /ˈpɒntɪf/

pontiff

Meaning
the pope or a high-ranking bishop in the Christian church
Example
The pontiff addressed the nation in a televised speech.
B2 adjective /ˌkɒst.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

cost-efficient

Meaning
Achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.
Example
Cost-efficient solutions benefit industries.
C2 noun /ˈprɪvɪti/

privity

Meaning
A close, private, or special relationship; in law, the direct connection between parties to a contract.
Example
There was no privity of contract between the supplier and the customer.
C2 adjective /ˌɛkstrəˌdʒuːˈdɪʃəl/

extrajudicial

Meaning
done outside the authority of the legal system or judicial process
Example
The activists condemned the extrajudicial killings.
B1 noun /dɪˈtɛktɪv/

detective

Meaning
a person whose job is to investigate and solve crimes
Example
The detective solved the mystery in just two days.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈfrændʒɪbəl/

irrefrangible

Meaning
Not to be broken, violated, or infringed
Example
The constitution guarantees certain irrefrangible rights to every citizen.
C1 verb /ˈkɪndəl/

kindle

Meaning
to light a fire; to arouse or inspire
Example
She kindled the campfire with dry wood.
A1 adverb /əˈweɪ/

Away

Meaning
to or at a distance; not present; absent
Example
He walked away from the noisy crowd.
B2 noun /ˈet.ɪ.kət/

Etiquette

Meaning
the customary code of polite behavior in society or among members of a particular profession
Example
Proper etiquette requires standing when a lady enters the room.
B2 noun /vɜːrdʒ/

Verge

Meaning
the edge or border of something; very close to happening
Example
She was on the verge of tears.
C1 verb /səbˈsaɪd/

subside

Meaning
to become less intense, violent, or severe; to sink or fall to a lower level
Example
After the storm, the floodwaters began to subside.
C1 verb, noun /klɑːɡ/

clog

Meaning
to block or become blocked; a type of heavy wooden shoe
Example
The sink was clogged with food waste.
C2 verb /ˈæntɪdeɪtɪd/

antedated

Meaning
assigned to an earlier date than the actual one; happened earlier
Example
The letter was antedated to appear more official.
C2 adjective /ˈhaɪndmoʊst/

hindmost

Meaning
Farthest back; last in position.
Example
The hindmost car in the convoy broke down first.
C1 adjective /wɪðˈdrɔːn/

withdrawn

Meaning
quiet and shy; not wanting to talk to others
Example
After the incident, he became withdrawn and avoided his friends.
C1 noun /næk/

knack

Meaning
a natural skill or ability; a special talent for doing something easily
Example
She has a knack for making people feel comfortable.
B2 noun /dɪsˈrʌp.ʃən/

disruption

Meaning
Barrier or interruption, sudden disturbance in any process or service.
Example
The road construction caused major disruption in traffic flow.
B1 noun /sɔɪl/

soil

Meaning
The upper layer of earth in which plants grow.
Example
The soil in this area is reddish.
B1 verb /əˈsoʊsiˌeɪt/

associate

Meaning
to connect or link things together; to spend time with someone
Example
I associate this song with summer.
B2 noun /ˈteɪbəlˌspun/

tablespoon

Meaning
a spoon used for serving or eating food, typically holding about 15 milliliters
Example
She stirred the soup with a tablespoon.
C2 noun /ˈbɑːrbərɪzəm/

Barbarism

Meaning
extreme cruelty or brutality; absence of culture and civilization
Example
The barbarism of the war crimes shocked the entire international community.
C2 verb /dɪsˈtɛnd/

distend

Meaning
to swell or expand by pressure from within
Example
Her stomach began to distend after the large meal.
C2 noun /ˈhaɪərəˌɡlɪf/

hieroglyph

Meaning
A picture or symbol used in ancient writing systems, especially Egyptian writing.
Example
The walls of the temple were covered in hieroglyphs.
C1 noun /ˈmædʒɪstreɪt/

magistrate

Meaning
A civil officer who administers the law, often with limited judicial authority.
Example
The magistrate presided over the minor criminal case.
C2 verb /ɪnˈsteɪt/

instate

Meaning
To set up in position, office, or authority.
Example
The board decided to instate her as the new director.
C2 verb /dʒaʊst/

joust

Meaning
to engage in a medieval contest on horseback with lances; to compete or argue
Example
The knights prepared to joust in front of the cheering crowd.
C2 noun /ˈsɜːrfɪt/

surfeit

Meaning
an excessive amount of something
Example
There was a surfeit of food at the festival.
C2 adjective /kəˈnaɪ.vɪŋ/

conniving

Meaning
secretly scheming or plotting to help in wrongdoing
Example
He is a conniving politician who manipulates people for power.
C2 noun /ˈpælɪˌnoʊd/

palinode

Meaning
a poem or statement in which the writer retracts something said in an earlier work
Example
The poet wrote a palinode to apologize for his earlier harsh words.
B1 noun /ˈædʒɪktɪv/

adjective

Meaning
a word that describes or modifies a noun by giving more information about its quality, quantity, or state
Example
The adjective in the sentence adds more detail to the noun.
B1 noun /edʒ/

Edge

Meaning
the outside limit of an object or area; a sharp side of a blade
Example
Be careful not to cut yourself on the sharp edge of the knife.
C1 adjective /ɪˈɡriːdʒəs/

egregious

Meaning
Outstandingly bad; shocking.
Example
The company was fined for its egregious safety violations.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈlætɪn/

latin

Meaning
the language of ancient Rome; relating to Latin culture or language
Example
Many English words are derived from Latin.
C2 adjective /ˈɡlɑːbjələr/

globular

Meaning
Having the shape of a globe; spherical.
Example
The scientist studied the globular cluster of stars.
C2 noun /ˈvɪntnər/

vintner

Meaning
A person who makes or sells wine.
Example
The vintner explained the process of making red wine.
B2 noun /kaʊtʃ/

Couch

Meaning
a long upholstered seat for more than one person, typically with a back and arms
Example
The family gathered on the couch to watch a movie.
C2 adjective /ˌlækəˈdeɪzɪkəl/

lackadaisical

Meaning
lacking enthusiasm, energy, or determination; careless or lazy
Example
His lackadaisical attitude toward work annoyed his boss.
B2 verb /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/

acknowledge

Meaning
to accept or admit the existence or truth of something; to recognize
Example
She acknowledged her mistake and apologized.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtɜː.nə.bəl/

Returnable

Meaning
able to be returned or given back
Example
The bottle is returnable for a deposit refund.
C1 noun /ˈsɪndɪkət/

syndicate

Meaning
A group of individuals or organizations combined to promote a common interest or carry out a business venture.
Example
A syndicate of investors bought the struggling company.
B1 noun /bʊk ˈsel.ər/

Book seller

Meaning
a person who sells books, especially as a business
Example
The book seller recommended a great novel for my summer reading.
C2 adjective /ˈɛdɪfaɪɪŋ/

edifying

Meaning
Providing moral or intellectual instruction or enlightenment.
Example
The documentary was both entertaining and edifying.
C1 noun /kənˈfaɪnmənt/

confinement

Meaning
the state of being confined or restricted
Example
The prisoner endured years of confinement.
C1 verb /bɪˈɡrʌdʒ/

begrudge

Meaning
to resent someone for having something; to give reluctantly
Example
She did not begrudge him his success.
B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tər/

Potter

Meaning
a person who makes pottery
Example
The potter shaped clay on the spinning wheel.
C1 noun, verb, adjective /ˈæɡ.rɪ.ɡət/ (noun/adjective), /ˈæɡ.rɪ.ɡeɪt/ (verb)

aggregate

Meaning
A whole formed by combining several elements; to combine into a total.
Example
The data was aggregated to provide a clearer picture of the market.
B1 verb /dɪˈnaɪ/

deny

Meaning
to refuse to accept or admit something; to declare something untrue
Example
He denied stealing the money.
C1 noun /ˌdiːpɔːrˈteɪʃən/

deportation

Meaning
The act of expelling a foreigner from a country.
Example
The deportation of hundreds of workers sparked international criticism.
B1 noun, verb /spoʊk/

spoke

Meaning
As a noun, a bar connecting the center of a wheel to its rim; as the past tense of 'speak'.
Example
The bicycle's spoke was bent after the accident.
C2 adjective /ˌɪm.pəˈfɛk.tə.bəl/

imperfectible

Meaning
Incapable of being made perfect or complete.
Example
Some human qualities are considered imperfectible.
A1 adjective /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/

boring

Meaning
not interesting or exciting; dull.
Example
The lecture was so boring that several students fell asleep.
B1 noun /kəmˈpɛtɪtər/

competitor

Meaning
a person, team, or company that competes with others
Example
The company lowered its prices to beat its main competitor.
B1 adjective /ˈtemptɪŋ/

Tempting

Meaning
appealing to or attracting someone, even if wrong or inadvisable; alluring
Example
The chocolate cake looked very tempting in the bakery window.
A2 noun /ˈpiːˈsi/

pc

Meaning
abbreviation for 'personal computer', a machine for performing digital operations
Example
I just bought a new PC for work.
C2 noun /ˌhaɪdroʊdaɪˈnæmɪks/

hydrodynamics

Meaning
The branch of science concerned with the motion of fluids, especially liquids, and the forces acting on solid bodies immersed in fluids.
Example
Hydrodynamics is essential in designing efficient ship hulls.
B2 verb /slæm/

slam

Meaning
to close or hit something with great force
Example
He slammed the door angrily after the argument.
C2 adverb /ˈɡeɪmli/

gamely

Meaning
in a brave, spirited, or determined manner
Example
She gamely accepted the challenge despite the difficulties.
C1 adjective + noun kəˈmendəbəl ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

commendable initiatives

Meaning
Praiseworthy efforts or actions that deserve admiration and approval.
Example
The commendable initiatives aim to raise awareness.
A1 verb, adjective /oʊn/

own

Meaning
to possess something; belonging to oneself
Example
She owns a beautiful house in the city.
C1 adjective /ˈmænɪfoʊld/

Manifold

Meaning
many and of several different types; multiple; various
Example
The project has manifold benefits for the community.
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ɪk/

panoramic

Meaning
Giving a wide view of an extensive area in all directions.
Example
The hotel offers panoramic views of the ocean.
C1 adjective /ˌret.rəˈspek.tɪv/

Retrospective

Meaning
looking back on or dealing with past events or situations
Example
The museum held a retrospective exhibition of the artist's work.
B2 noun /ˈstɑːrtər/

starter

Meaning
a person or thing that starts something; the first course of a meal
Example
The starter of the meal was a fresh salad.
C1 noun /ˈmedoʊ/

Meadow

Meaning
A piece of grassland, especially one used for hay
Example
The cows grazed peacefully in the green meadow.
C1 noun /ˈleɪ.tən.si/

latency

Meaning
The delay in processing signals or data.
Example
High latency in online gaming can cause lagging issues.
A1 adjective /taɪəd/

Tired

Meaning
feeling exhausted; in need of sleep or rest
Example
I am too tired to continue working.
C1 noun fluˈɪd.ɪ.ti

fluidity

Meaning
The ability of a substance to flow easily; smooth and graceful movement or style.
Example
The fluidity of the dancer's movements was mesmerizing.
B2 noun ˈrɛstɪŋ pleɪs

resting place

Meaning
A place where someone or something rests, especially a burial site.
Example
The resting place of the martyrs is near the river.
C2 noun /pruːd/

prude

Meaning
A person who is easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity; someone overly modest.
Example
He was called a prude for blushing at the movie scenes.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈspiːdiənt/

expedient

Meaning
suitable or convenient for achieving a particular end, sometimes at the expense of morality
Example
It was expedient to take the shortcut despite the risks.
A1 noun /kæn/

Can

Meaning
a metal container for food or drink
Example
I opened a can of soup for lunch.
A2 adverb /ˈɒbviəsli/

obviously

Meaning
in a way that is easily perceived or understood; clearly
Example
Obviously, he didn’t read the instructions.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛneɪt/

pennate

Meaning
Having parts or structures arranged like a feather; feather-shaped.
Example
The fern has a pennate leaf structure.
C1 noun /ˈsaɪnəs/

sinus

Meaning
A cavity within a bone or tissue, especially those in the bones of the face connected with the nasal cavities.
Example
He suffered from a sinus infection that caused headaches.
B2 noun ləˈdʒɪs.tɪks

Logistics

Meaning
The detailed coordination of a complex operation involving many people, facilities, or supplies.
Example
Logistics ensures timely delivery.
B1 noun ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ æps

language apps

Meaning
Mobile or computer applications designed to help users learn new languages through interactive lessons and exercises.
Example
Language apps make learning easier.
C1 adjective, verb, noun /ˈkaʊntərfɪt/

counterfeit

Meaning
made to look like something genuine in order to deceive
Example
The police seized a batch of counterfeit currency.
C2 noun /ˈstrætədʒəm/

stratagem

Meaning
a plan or scheme designed to achieve a particular goal, often by trickery
Example
The general devised a clever stratagem to outwit the enemy.
C2 adverb /ˌeɪˈmɔːrəli/

amorally

Meaning
In a way that shows no concern about whether behavior is morally right or wrong.
Example
He acted amorally, ignoring the consequences of his actions.
C1 verb /veks/

vex

Meaning
to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble
Example
The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.
B1 noun /ədˈmɪʃ.ən/

Admission

Meaning
the process of entering or being allowed to enter a school or organization; accepting that something is true
Example
She gained admission to Harvard University.
A2 verb /rɪˈlæks/

relax

Meaning
to make or become less tense or anxious; to rest
Example
After a long day, she likes to relax with a good book.
A2 noun (plural) /ˈnuːdəlz/

noodles

Meaning
long, thin strips of dough made from flour, water, or eggs, cooked and eaten as food
Example
She cooked noodles with vegetables for dinner.
C1 noun /ˌɪnfɪˈdɛləti/

infidelity

Meaning
the act of being unfaithful to a spouse or partner
Example
Their marriage ended due to his infidelity.
B2 verb /ˈtʃɛrɪʃ/

cherish

Meaning
To hold something dear, to love and protect, or to keep a hope or memory alive.
Example
She cherishes the memories of her childhood home.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnˌɑːpərˈtuːn/

inopportune

Meaning
Happening at a bad or inconvenient time.
Example
His call came at the most inopportune moment.
B2 adjective /naɪˈiːv/

naive

Meaning
Having a lack of experience or sophistication; overly innocent or trusting.
Example
She was naive to believe the scammer’s story.
B1 adjective ɪnˈdʌs.tri.əl

industrial

Meaning
Relating to or characterized by industry.
Example
Industrial sectors boost exports.
C1 verb /ɪˈdʒektɪd/

ejected

Meaning
to force someone or something to leave a place; to push or throw something out forcefully
Example
The pilot was ejected from the aircraft during the emergency.
B2 verb /əˈsaɪn/

assign

Meaning
to give someone a task, duty, or responsibility
Example
The manager will assign tasks to the new employees.
C2 adjective /ˌʌnɪkˈsɛpʃənəbl/

unexceptionable

Meaning
Not open to objection; acceptable and unobjectionable
Example
His behavior was unexceptionable throughout the event.
B2 adjective + noun ˈɒptɪməl ˈtempərətʃər

optimal temperature

Meaning
The best or most favorable temperature for a particular purpose
Example
Winter provides optimal temperature for farming.
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːdri/

tawdry

Meaning
cheap and showy but of poor quality
Example
She wore a tawdry necklace that broke easily.
B2 adjective /ˈteɪst.fəl/

Tasteful

Meaning
showing good judgment in matters of style and beauty
Example
She decorated her home in a very tasteful manner.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɛmptəbl/

contemptible

Meaning
deserving of contempt; despicable
Example
His deceitful actions were truly contemptible.
B1 noun /ˈkɪləɡræm/

kilogram

Meaning
the base unit of mass in the metric system equal to 1,000 grams
Example
The bag of rice weighs five kilograms.
C1 verb /priːˈɒkjʊpaɪ/

preoccupy

Meaning
To dominate or engross the mind of someone to the exclusion of other thoughts.
Example
Worries about the future preoccupy him constantly.
C1 noun /ˈpen.əns/

Penance

Meaning
punishment that you accept for doing something wrong; an act of showing that you are sorry for sin
Example
The monk performed penance for his past mistakes.
B2 adjective /ˈlaɪf.lɒŋ/

lifelong

Meaning
Lasting or existing for the whole of a person's life.
Example
They remained lifelong friends.
C2 noun /ˌbuː.ɡənˈvɪl.i.ə/

Bougainvillea

Meaning
a tropical climbing plant with colorful bracts surrounding small flowers
Example
The bougainvillea climbing over the garden wall creates a beautiful purple display.
C1 noun ˌtrɪbjʊˈleɪʃən

tribulation

Meaning
A difficult time or suffering experience
Example
He endured many tribulations in his early years.
C2 noun /ˈfɛndər/

fender

Meaning
a part of a vehicle that frames a wheel well to protect against mud or debris
Example
The car's fender was dented in the accident.
B1 adjective /ɪɡˈzækt/

Exact

Meaning
precise; accurate; completely correct
Example
Please give me the exact time of the meeting.
C1 noun /ˌɪrɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/

irresponsibility

Meaning
lack of responsibility or accountability; failure to act in a reliable or sensible way
Example
The accident was caused by his irresponsibility at work.
B2 adverb /kənˈtɪnjuəli/

Continually

Meaning
without stopping; repeatedly
Example
She continually checked her phone for messages.
C1 adjective /ˈbʊkɪʃ/

Bookish

Meaning
studious; scholarly; devoted to reading and studying
Example
She was known for her bookish nature and love of literature.
C1 noun ˈmetəl kənˌtæməˈneɪʃən

metal contamination

Meaning
The presence of toxic metals in the environment that pose health and environmental risks.
Example
Metal contamination poses severe health risks.
C2 verb /ɛnˈkɪndl/

enkindle

Meaning
to set on fire or inspire strong emotion
Example
The speech enkindled hope in the audience.
C2 noun /rɪˈpoʊst/

riposte

Meaning
a quick and clever reply to criticism or an insult
Example
Her sharp riposte left everyone in silence.
B1 noun /blaʊz/

Blouse

Meaning
a woman's loose upper garment resembling a shirt
Example
She wore a beautiful silk blouse to the party.
C1 verb koʊˈɜrs

coerce

Meaning
To force someone to do something against their will using threats or intimidation.
Example
The manager tried to coerce the employees into working overtime.
C1 verb /reɪv/

rave

Meaning
to speak or write about something with great enthusiasm or admiration
Example
Critics rave about the new movie.
C1 noun /ˈɜːrθənˌwɛr/

earthenware

Meaning
pottery made of clay and hardened by heat
Example
The shop displayed beautiful earthenware pots and bowls.
B2 noun /ˈsɛnətər/

senator

Meaning
a member of a senate, especially in a legislative body
Example
The senator spoke passionately about environmental policies.