notch
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C1 noun /nɑːtʃ/

notch

Meaning
A small cut or groove on the edge or surface of something; a level or degree of achievement.
Example
He carved a notch on the stick to mark the days.
B1 noun /ˈnaɪt.meər/

Nightmare

Meaning
a frightening or unpleasant dream; a very unpleasant experience
Example
The exam was a complete nightmare for unprepared students.
C1 verb /nʌdʒ/

nudge

Meaning
To push someone gently, usually with your elbow, in order to attract attention.
Example
She nudged him to be quiet during the meeting.
B2 adjective /ˈneɪbərɪŋ/

neighboring

Meaning
situated near or next to another place; adjacent or nearby.
Example
They visited a neighboring village for the festival.
C2 noun /nuːt/

Newt

Meaning
a small amphibian with a long tail that lives both in water and on land
Example
The newt swam gracefully in the pond.
C1 adjective /ˈnɑːkʃəs/

noxious

Meaning
harmful, poisonous, or very unpleasant
Example
The factory released noxious fumes into the air.
B2 verb /nɪˈɡlekt/

neglect

Meaning
to fail to care for or give attention to something
Example
Don't neglect your health while studying.
C1 noun /nɑːrˈkɒtɪk/

narcotic

Meaning
A drug that dulls the senses and relieves pain, often causing sleep and sometimes addiction.
Example
The police seized a large amount of narcotic substances.
A2 adverb /ˈnɪərli/

Nearly

Meaning
almost; not quite; very close to
Example
I nearly missed the bus this morning.
A2 noun /ˈnoʊ.tɪs/

Notice

Meaning
attention to something; a written or printed announcement
Example
The notice on the board announced the school closure.
C2 adjective /ˈnʌpʃəl/

nuptial

Meaning
Relating to marriage or weddings.
Example
The couple prepared for their nuptial ceremony with great joy.
B2 noun /ˌnɒməˈneɪʃən/

nomination

Meaning
The act of formally proposing someone for a role, position, or award.
Example
Her nomination for the award surprised everyone.
A1 noun /naɪt/

night

Meaning
the time of darkness between one day and the next, when most people sleep
Example
She loves going for walks at night.
C2 noun /ˈnɛkrəˌmænsi/

necromancy

Meaning
the practice of communicating with the dead, often to predict the future
Example
Ancient texts described rituals of necromancy performed by priests.
C2 noun /niˈɒlədʒi/

neology

Meaning
The use of new words or the study of their origin.
Example
The professor specialized in neology, studying the creation of modern slang.
C1 noun /ˈnɪkəl/

nickel

Meaning
a small coin, typically worth five cents in the United States
Example
He found a nickel on the ground.
C1 noun /nɪˈɡeɪʃən/

negation

Meaning
The act of denying something; the contradiction or absence of something.
Example
The theory is built on the negation of traditional beliefs.
B2 noun /nɪˌɡoʊ.siˈeɪ.ʃən/

Negotiation

Meaning
discussion aimed at reaching an agreement; bargaining
Example
The negotiation between the two companies lasted for weeks.
C2 verb /ˈnuːkliˌeɪt/

nucleate

Meaning
to form into a nucleus or bring together into a central part
Example
The droplets began to nucleate around tiny particles in the air.
A2 adverb /ˈnoʊwɛr/

Nowhere

Meaning
not anywhere; in no place
Example
I searched everywhere but the keys were nowhere to be found.
A2 noun /ˈnæpkɪn/

napkin

Meaning
a piece of cloth or paper used to wipe the mouth and hands while eating
Example
She placed a napkin on her lap before eating.
C1 adverb /ˈnæroʊli/

Narrowly

Meaning
by a small margin; barely; in a limited way
Example
She narrowly escaped the accident.
C2 noun /ˌnɒvəˈlɛt/

novellette

Meaning
A short novel or long short story.
Example
The author published a novellette as a preview of her upcoming series.
B1 adjective /ˈnær.oʊ/

Narrow

Meaning
having a small width; thin; limited in scope; restricted
Example
The narrow street was barely wide enough for two cars.
C2 noun /niːˈɒkrəsi/

neocracy

Meaning
A government or leadership run by inexperienced or new officials.
Example
The sudden revolution led to a neocracy with inexperienced leaders.
B2 adverb /ˈnoʊtəbli/

notably

Meaning
used to indicate something worthy of attention or significant
Example
She is notably talented in painting.
C1 verb /ˈnʌrɪʃ/

nourish

Meaning
To provide with food or other substances necessary for growth, health, and good condition
Example
Good books nourish the mind.
A2 adjective ˈnesəseri

necessary

Meaning
Required to be done, achieved, or present; essential.
Example
Strict regulations are necessary for maintaining order.
A2 adjective /ˈnɔːti/

naughty

Meaning
Disobedient or mischievous, often in a playful or mildly bad way.
Example
The naughty child drew on the walls with crayons.
A2 noun /nek/

Neck

Meaning
the part of the body connecting the head to the shoulders
Example
She wore a beautiful necklace around her neck.
B2 verb /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/

navigate

Meaning
To plan and direct the route or course of a ship, aircraft, or other form of transport.
Example
The GPS helps navigate complex routes.
B1 noun /ˈnɜːrsəri/

nursery

Meaning
a room or place where young children are cared for
Example
She works in a nursery, taking care of infants.
B1 noun /ˈnætʃərəl dɪˈzæstər/

natural disaster

Meaning
a catastrophic event caused by natural processes of the Earth that results in significant damage, destruction, or loss of life
Example
The coastal town was devastated by a natural disaster.
A1 adverb /ˈnɛvər/

never

Meaning
at no time in the past or future; not ever
Example
I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.
A2 adverb /ˈnaʊədeɪz/

nowadays

Meaning
At the present time; in contrast with the past.
Example
Nowadays, many people prefer shopping online.
C1 noun /nɪl/

Nil

Meaning
nothing; zero; no amount
Example
His chances of winning were nil after the scandal.
C1 noun /nɪərˈvɑːnə/

nirvana

Meaning
A state of perfect happiness, peace, and freedom from suffering; in Buddhism, the ultimate goal of liberation.
Example
Meditation helps some people seek nirvana in their lives.
C2 noun /ˈnɒn.ɪʤ/

Nonage

Meaning
the period of being under the legal age of majority; youth or immaturity
Example
During his nonage, all legal decisions were made by his guardian.
A1 noun /nɔːrθ/

north

Meaning
the direction toward the top of a map or the opposite of south
Example
We traveled north to reach the mountains.
C1 noun ˌnæn.oʊ.tekˈnɒl.ə.dʒi

nanotechnology

Meaning
The branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometers.
Example
Nanotechnology is advancing medical treatments.
B1 adverb /ˈniːtli/

Neatly

Meaning
in a tidy and orderly way; carefully and precisely
Example
She arranged the books neatly on the shelf.
A2 adjective /ˈnæʃənəl/

national

Meaning
relating to a nation, especially its culture, language, or government
Example
The national anthem was played at the ceremony.
A1 adverb /naʊ/

now

Meaning
at the present moment or time
Example
I am studying now.
C2 noun /ˌnɒn ˈsɛkwɪtər/

non sequitur

Meaning
a statement or conclusion that does not logically follow from the previous statement
Example
His comment about the weather was a complete non sequitur during the budget discussion.
C2 adjective /ˈnɛðər/

nether

Meaning
situated down or below; lower
Example
They explored the nether regions of the cave.
C1 noun /nuːs/

Noose

Meaning
a loop with a running knot used for hanging; a trap or snare
Example
The cowboy made a noose to catch the wild horse.
C2 adjective /ˌnjuːmɪzˈmætɪk/

numismatic

Meaning
relating to the study or collection of coins, currency, and medals
Example
He has a numismatic collection of rare coins from around the world.
A2 pronoun /ˈnoʊˌbɑːdi/

nobody

Meaning
no person; not anyone
Example
Nobody came to the party.
C2 noun /ˌnjuːməˈreɪʃən/

numeration

Meaning
the action or process of counting or assigning numbers
Example
The teacher explained the basics of numeration to the students.
C2 adjective ˌnjʊə.rəʊ.saɪənˈtɪ.fɪk

neuroscientific

Meaning
Related to the scientific study of the brain and nervous system.
Example
Neuroscientific research helps understand memory retention.
B2 noun /ˌnɔːrθˈiːst/

northeast

Meaning
the direction between north and east; a region or area located in that direction.
Example
The storm is moving toward the northeast.
A2 noun /ˈnoʊtbʊk/

notebook

Meaning
a small book with blank or ruled pages for writing notes; also a portable computer
Example
She opened her notebook to jot down some ideas.
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːrmətɪv/

normative

Meaning
relating to rules, standards, or norms that govern behavior or beliefs
Example
The study focused on the normative aspects of cultural behavior.
C1 adjective /ˈnjuː.ɑːnst/

nuanced

Meaning
Characterized by subtle shades of meaning or expression; having fine gradations of meaning, tone, or feeling.
Example
His analysis of the novel was highly nuanced.
B2 verb /ˈnɒmɪneɪt/

nominate

Meaning
to propose someone for a position or award
Example
The committee decided to nominate her for the award.
C2 adjective /ˈnjuːmɪnəs/

numinous

Meaning
having a strong spiritual or mysterious quality
Example
The temple had a numinous atmosphere that inspired awe.
B2 noun /ˈnoʊ.ʃən/

Notion

Meaning
a conception or belief about something; an idea or opinion
Example
She had a strange notion that someone was following her.
B2 noun ˈnætʃərəl ˈhæbɪtæt

Natural Habitat

Meaning
The natural environment where organisms live and fulfill their life needs.
Example
Protecting the natural habitat is crucial for butterflies.
A2 noun /nʌt/

nut

Meaning
a hard-shelled fruit that contains a seed, or a small metal piece used in machinery
Example
She ate a peanut, which is a type of nut.
C2 adjective ˌnjʊəroʊˈkɒɡnɪtɪv

neurocognitive

Meaning
Related to brain information processing and memory power
Example
Neurocognitive functions decline due to lack of sleep.
A1 adjective /njuː/

new

Meaning
recently made, discovered, or introduced; not existing before
Example
He bought a new car yesterday.
A1 pronoun /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

nothing

Meaning
not anything; no thing
Example
She has nothing to worry about.
C2 adjective /ˈnɪɡərdli/

niggardly

Meaning
unwilling to spend or give; stingy or miserly
Example
He was too niggardly to leave a decent tip.
C1 noun /ˈnɔːrmən/

Norman

Meaning
A member of a people of mixed Scandinavian and Frankish origin who settled in Normandy, or relating to their culture.
Example
The Normans conquered England in 1066.
C1 noun njuːˈtræl.ə.ti

neutrality

Meaning
The state of not supporting or helping either side in a conflict, disagreement, etc.; impartiality.
Example
Neutrality fosters trust in decision-making.
C2 noun /ˈneɪˌseɪ.ɪŋ/

naysaying

Meaning
The act of expressing negative or pessimistic views.
Example
His constant naysaying discouraged the team.
C2 noun /njuːˈmɪzmətɪst/

numismatist

Meaning
A person who studies or collects coins, paper currency, and medals.
Example
The numismatist displayed his rare coin collection at the exhibition.
A2 adjective ˈnɛɡ.ə.tɪv

negative

Meaning
Not desirable or optimistic; harmful or unpleasant.
Example
She had a negative attitude about the upcoming project.
C2 noun /næˈteɪʃən/

natation

Meaning
The act or sport of swimming.
Example
She took lessons in natation to improve her swimming skills.
B2 adjective /ˈnjuː.mər.əs/

Numerous

Meaning
existing in large numbers; many; abundant
Example
There are numerous benefits to exercising regularly.
C1 noun /ˈnɒs.trɪl/

Nostril

Meaning
either of the two openings in the nose through which air passes
Example
The doctor checked each nostril for any blockage.
B2 adjective /ˈneɪ.bər.ɪŋ/

Neighbouring

Meaning
situated next to or very near; adjacent; bordering
Example
We often visit our neighbouring countries for trade.
C1 verb /nəˈsɛsɪteɪt/

necessitate

Meaning
To make something necessary or unavoidable.
Example
The heavy rains necessitated the cancellation of the event.
B2 noun /nɒsˈtæl.dʒə/

nostalgia

Meaning
A sentimental longing for the past, typically for a period or place with happy personal associations.
Example
Listening to old songs fills me with nostalgia.
C1 noun /ˈnʌt.meg/

Nut meg

Meaning
a spice made from the seed of the fruit of an evergreen tree, used in cooking and baking
Example
The recipe called for a teaspoon of ground nutmeg to flavor the custard.
C1 noun /ˌnoʊtəˈraɪəti/

notoriety

Meaning
The state of being famous or well-known for something bad.
Example
The criminal gained notoriety for his daring escapes.
C1 adjective /ˈnær.oʊ ˈmaɪn.dɪd/

Narrow-minded

Meaning
unwilling to consider new ideas; prejudiced; intolerant; having a limited perspective
Example
His narrow-minded attitude prevented him from accepting new ideas.
C1 adjective /ˈnɒm.ɪ.nəl/

Nominal

Meaning
very small in size or amount; existing in name only
Example
He paid only a nominal fee for the membership since he was a student.
B2 noun /ˈnæp.kɪn/

Nap Kin

Meaning
a piece of cloth or paper used for wiping the mouth and hands while eating
Example
She placed the napkin on her lap before starting dinner.
B2 adverb /ˈneɪmli/

Namely

Meaning
that is to say; specifically; to be precise
Example
Three cities, namely Paris, London, and Rome, were visited.
C1 noun /noʊˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Nobility

Meaning
the quality of being noble in character; people of noble rank
Example
He showed great nobility in forgiving his enemies.
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːtɪkəl/

nautical

Meaning
relating to ships, sailors, or navigation on water
Example
He studied nautical charts before setting sail.
B2 noun; adjective /ˌnɒnˈprɒfɪt/

non-profit

Meaning
an organization that does not operate for profit and reinvests surplus to achieve social goals; not intended to make financial profit
Example
She works for a non-profit that provides free education to underprivileged children.
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːʃəs/

nauseous

Meaning
feeling like you are about to vomit; causing a feeling of sickness
Example
The smell of rotten food made her feel nauseous.
B2 noun /ˈnuː.səns/

Nuisance

Meaning
a person, thing, or circumstance causing inconvenience or annoyance
Example
The constant noise from construction is a real nuisance.
C2 noun ˈnjʊə.rəʊ ˌfiːd.bæk

neurofeedback

Meaning
A technique that uses real-time displays of brain activity to teach self-regulation of brain function.
Example
Neurofeedback enhances cognitive performance and relaxation.
A1 adverb /nɪər/

Near

Meaning
close in space or time; almost
Example
The school is very near to my house.
C1 adjective /ˌnjʊə.rəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

neurological

Meaning
Relating to the anatomy, functions, and organic disorders of nerves and the nervous system.
Example
Meditation has positive neurological effects on mental health.
C1 noun /niːʃ/

Niche

Meaning
A specialized segment of the market for a particular kind of product or service.
Example
Finding the right niche is key to a successful business.
C2 adjective /ˈnjuːbaɪl/

nubile

Meaning
of a young woman, sexually mature and suitable for marriage
Example
The village was celebrating the festival with its nubile maidens dancing.
B2 adverb /ˌnɒnˈstɒp/

Non-stop

Meaning
continuing without stopping; without interruption
Example
The train traveled non-stop from London to Paris.
A1 noun /noʊz/

nose

Meaning
the part of the face that contains the nostrils and is used for breathing and smelling
Example
He has a sharp nose and can smell things from far away.
C1 noun /ˈnoʊ.və/

Nova

Meaning
a star that suddenly increases greatly in brightness
Example
Astronomers discovered a new nova in the constellation.
B1 adjective /ˈneɪtɪv/

native

Meaning
Belonging to a person by birth; originating in a particular place.
Example
He is a native speaker of Bengali.
C1 adjective /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡə.bəl/

Navigable

Meaning
suitable for ships or boats to travel on; able to be navigated
Example
The river is navigable for small boats during the rainy season.
C1 noun ˈnuːkliəs

nucleus

Meaning
The central core of an atom containing protons and neutrons.
Example
The nucleus consists of protons.
A2 conjunction /ˈniːðər/

neither

Meaning
used to connect two negative alternatives
Example
Neither the manager nor the assistant could attend the meeting.
C1 noun /ˈnoʊmæd/

nomad

Meaning
A person who has no permanent home and moves from place to place.
Example
The desert was once home to nomads who lived by herding animals.
B2 verb /ˈnæreɪt/

narrate

Meaning
To tell a story or describe events, often in detail.
Example
She will narrate the events of her journey to the audience.
B1 noun /nɛt/

net

Meaning
a piece of material made of threads or ropes woven together, used to catch or hold things
Example
The fisherman cast his net into the sea.
C2 noun /ˈniːəˌfaɪt/

neophyte

Meaning
A beginner or novice in a subject, skill, or belief.
Example
As a neophyte in programming, she often asked for guidance from her mentor.
C1 noun /ˈnek.səs/

Nexus

Meaning
a connection or series of connections linking two or more things
Example
There's a clear nexus between education and economic development.
C2 noun /ˈnaɪɪˌlɪzəm/

nihilism

Meaning
The rejection of all religious and moral principles, often in the belief that life is meaningless.
Example
The philosopher was criticized for promoting nihilism.
C2 adjective /ˈneb.jə.ləs/

Nebulous

Meaning
vague or unclear; lacking definite form; hazy
Example
His plans for the future remain nebulous and unclear.
C2 noun /nɑnˈen.tə.ti/

Nonentity

Meaning
a person of no importance or influence; something that does not exist
Example
He felt like a nonentity in the large corporation.
B2 adverb /ˈnæʃənəli/

nationally

Meaning
at the level of a whole nation; in a way that involves or affects an entire country
Example
The policy was implemented nationally to ensure equal benefits for all citizens.
C1 noun ˈnɛktər

Nectar

Meaning
A sweet liquid produced by flowers that serves as food for butterflies.
Example
Butterflies drink nectar from flowers.
B2 adjective, verb /ˈnoʊtɪd/

noted

Meaning
well known or famous; written down or observed
Example
He is a noted author in the field of history.
B2 noun /ˈnɪk.neɪm/

Nickname

Meaning
a familiar or humorous name given to a person instead of their real name
Example
His nickname is 'Tiger' because he's so brave.
B2 adjective /njuːˈmɛrɪkəl/

numerical

Meaning
relating to or expressed in numbers
Example
The report provides numerical data on population growth.
B1 noun /neɪl/

Nail

Meaning
a small metal spike with a broadened flat head; part of finger or toe
Example
He hammered the nail into the wooden board.
B2 adjective /ˌnɒnˈprɒfɪt/

nonprofit

Meaning
an organization that does not aim to make a profit, often serving a social or charitable purpose.
Example
She works for a nonprofit organization that helps children.
A1 adjective /nɛkst/

next

Meaning
immediately following in time, order, or place
Example
The next train leaves at 9:00 AM.
C1 adjective /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.ə.bəl/

negotiable

Meaning
Open to discussion or modification; capable of being bargained for.
Example
The salary offered is negotiable.
C1 adjective /nɪˈɡlɛktfʊl/

neglectful

Meaning
Failing to give proper care or attention.
Example
The neglectful parent left the child alone for hours.
A1 noun /naɪn/

nine

Meaning
the number that is one more than eight
Example
She has nine books in her collection.
C2 noun /ˈneɪdɪər/

nadir

Meaning
The lowest point of a situation or condition.
Example
The company reached its nadir during the financial crisis.
B2 verb /nɒd/

nod

Meaning
to move one's head down and up to show agreement or acknowledgment
Example
She nodded in agreement with the proposal.
C2 verb /ˈnɔːzieɪt/

nauseate

Meaning
To make someone feel sick, with an inclination to vomit.
Example
The spoiled food nauseated him quickly.
B1 noun /nuːn/

noon

Meaning
12 o'clock in the daytime; midday
Example
The meeting will start at noon.
B2 adjective /nuːd/

nude

Meaning
Wearing no clothes; naked.
Example
The artist painted a nude model.