C2 noun mɒnəˈtɑːskɪŋ

monotasking

Meaning

The practice of dedicating oneself to a given task and minimizing potential interruptions until the task is completed or a significant period of time has elapsed.

Example

Monotasking can often lead to higher quality work.

C1 noun /ˈmenəs/

Menace

Meaning

A person or thing that is likely to cause harm; a threat

Example

The reckless driver was a menace to everyone on the road.

C1 noun /meɪl treɪn/

Mail train

Meaning

a train that carries mail and postal packages

Example

The mail train departs every evening to deliver letters across the country.

B1 noun /ˈmæɡnət/

magnet

Meaning

An object that produces a magnetic field and attracts metals like iron.

Example

The magnet held the paper to the fridge door.

C1 noun /ˈmæɡnɪtuːd/

Magnitude

Meaning

The great size or extent of something; importance

Example

The magnitude of the earthquake was measured at 7.5 on the Richter scale.

C2 noun /məˈdɒn.ə/

madonna

Meaning

An artistic representation of the Virgin Mary; also used as a respectful form of address for a woman in Italian culture.

Example

The Renaissance painting depicts a Madonna holding child Jesus.

B2 noun /ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm/

mechanism

Meaning

A system of parts working together in a machine; a process or technique for achieving something.

Example

The mechanism of the clock stopped working after years of use.

C1 noun /ˈmænɪkɪn/

mannequin

Meaning

a life-sized model of a human figure used by shops to display clothes

Example

The mannequin in the shop window was dressed in a red gown.

C2 adjective /ˌmædʒɪˈstɪəriəl/

magisterial

Meaning

Having the characteristics of a master or authority; commanding and dignified.

Example

The professor spoke in a magisterial tone during the lecture.

B2 noun/adjective /ˈmɪnətʃər/ or /ˈmɪniətʃʊr/

miniature

Meaning

a very small version of something; small in scale or size

Example

The artist created a miniature model of the castle.

B2 verb ম্যানিফেস্ট

manifest

Meaning

To show or demonstrate clearly; to become evident or apparent.

Example

Symptoms of De Quervain's Syndrome may manifest after prolonged phone use.

B1 noun /məˈkænɪk/

mechanic

Meaning

a person who repairs and maintains machines or vehicles

Example

The mechanic fixed the engine in less than an hour.

B2 adverb /ˈmen.tə.li/

Mentally

Meaning

relating to the mind; in terms of mental processes

Example

She was mentally preparing herself for the exam.

A2 noun /ˈmædʒɪk/

magic

Meaning

the use of mysterious or supernatural powers to influence events

Example

The magician amazed the crowd with his magic.

C1 adjective məˈθɒd.ɪ.kəl

methodical

Meaning

Done according to a systematic or established procedure; orderly and systematic.

Example

His methodical research produced reliable results.

C1 noun /ˈmæn.juˌskrɪpt/

manuscript

Meaning

a handwritten or typed document, especially a writer’s draft before publication

Example

The author submitted her manuscript to the publisher.

C1 noun ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn

modification

Meaning

The action of making changes to something.

Example

The plan required modification.

B2 noun /ˈmæstərpiːs/

Masterpiece

Meaning

A work of outstanding artistry, skill, or workmanship

Example

The Mona Lisa is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of all time.

B1 noun /ˈmeɪkʌp/

makeup

Meaning

cosmetics used to enhance or alter appearance

Example

She applied makeup before the party.

A2 noun /mɑːrk/

Mark

Meaning

A sign, symbol, or stain; a grade or score

Example

She received the highest mark in the mathematics examination.

C1 adjective məˈdʒes.tɪk

Majestic

Meaning

Having impressive beauty, dignity, or grandeur; regal and stately in appearance.

Example

The majestic Himalayas stand tall against the sky.

C1 noun /ˈmæntl̩/

mantle

Meaning

A cloak or covering; also the layer of the earth between the crust and the core.

Example

The leader assumed the mantle of responsibility.

C2 adjective /ˈmɔːkɪʃ/

mawkish

Meaning

excessively sentimental, often to the point of being sickly

Example

The movie was criticized for its mawkish sentimentality.

C1 noun /ˈmɒnəlɪθ/

monolith

Meaning

A large single upright block of stone, or a large, powerful, indivisible organization or system.

Example

The ancient monolith stood in the desert for centuries.

C1 adjective /məˈlɪʃəs/

Malicious

Meaning

having or showing a desire to cause harm to someone; spiteful

Example

The malicious software damaged many computers.

C2 noun /ˌmjuːtəˈbɪləti/

mutablility

Meaning

A misspelled form of 'mutability', meaning the quality of being changeable.

Example

The document contained the misspelled word 'mutablility' instead of 'mutability'.

C1 noun /ˈmiːdieɪtər/

Mediator

Meaning

A person who attempts to make people involved in a conflict agree

Example

The United Nations often acts as a mediator in international disputes.

A2 noun, pronoun, verb /maɪn/

mine

Meaning

a place where minerals are dug from the ground; or something belonging to me

Example

The workers went deep into the mine to extract coal.

A1 noun /ˈmʌn.deɪ/

monday

Meaning

the first day of the working week following Sunday

Example

I start my new job on Monday.

C2 noun /ˈmuːn.biːm/

moonbeam

Meaning

A ray of light from the moon.

Example

A moonbeam lit up the quiet forest clearing.

C2 adjective /ˌmɪsənˈθrɑːpɪk/

misanthropic

Meaning

having or showing a dislike of humankind

Example

His misanthropic attitude made it difficult for him to make friends.

C1 adjective ˌmiː.ti.ər.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl

meteorological

Meaning

Relating to weather conditions and atmospheric phenomena.

Example

Meteorological conditions affect farming cycles.

B1 verb /ˈmoʊtɪˌveɪt/

motivate

Meaning

to encourage or stimulate interest or enthusiasm for doing something

Example

The coach's speech motivated the team to win the championship.

A2 noun /mæp/

map

Meaning

a drawing that shows the features of an area of land or sea

Example

He studied the map before starting his journey.

C2 verb /ˈmæk.jʊˌleɪt/

maculate

Meaning

To stain, spot, or pollute something.

Example

The white cloth was maculated by ink stains.

C2 adjective /ˈmʌltɪfɔːrm/

multiform

Meaning

Having many different forms or appearances.

Example

The festival was a multiform celebration of art, music, and culture.

B2 adjective /ˈmɪd.əl.eɪdʒd/

Middle-aged

Meaning

being of an age between young and old; typically between 40-60 years old

Example

The middle-aged man started a new career.

B2 adjective /ˌmæθəˈmætɪkəl/

mathematical

Meaning

relating to mathematics or the use of mathematics

Example

The mathematical equation was difficult to solve.

A1 adjective /mʌm/

Mum

Meaning

silent; saying nothing; keeping quiet

Example

He kept mum about the surprise party plans.

C2 noun /ˈmɜːkinəs/

murkiness

Meaning

The quality of being dark, gloomy, or unclear.

Example

The murkiness of the water made it hard to see the fish.

A1 modal verb, noun /meɪ/

may

Meaning

Used to express possibility, permission, or uncertainty; also the name of the fifth month of the year.

Example

You may leave early if you finish your work.

C2 adjective /mɛnˈdeɪʃəs/

mendacious

Meaning

not telling the truth; lying

Example

The politician was known for his mendacious statements.

C2 noun /miːn/

mien

Meaning

A person's appearance or manner, especially as an indication of their character or mood.

Example

His serious mien made everyone fall silent.

C1 noun ˈmɑːrdʒɪnəlaɪzd ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəlz

marginalized individuals

Meaning

People who are treated as insignificant or peripheral to society, often excluded from mainstream social, economic, or political activities.

Example

Marginalized individuals often face severe challenges.

A2 noun /maʊθ/

Mouth

Meaning

the opening in the face used for eating, drinking, speaking, and breathing

Example

Please open your mouth wide for the dentist to examine.

C1 adjective ˈmær.ɪ.taɪm

Maritime

Meaning

Connected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity.

Example

Maritime trade enhances the economy.

B2 adverb /ˈmiːn.taɪm/

Meantime

Meaning

during the time between two events; in the period of time between now and when something else happens

Example

The food will be ready in an hour; in the meantime, we can watch TV.

C2 noun /ˈmɒrəlɪst/

moralist

Meaning

A person who teaches or promotes moral principles and values.

Example

The author was known as a strict moralist in his writings.

C2 noun məˌnɒp.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

monopolization

Meaning

The process by which a company gains exclusive control over a commercial activity.

Example

The monopolization of industries can limit consumer choices.

C2 noun /məˈnæʒəri/

menagerie

Meaning

a collection of wild animals kept for exhibition; a diverse or strange group of people or things

Example

The circus had a menagerie of exotic animals.

B2 adjective /ˈmɪnɪməm/

minimum

Meaning

The least or smallest amount or quantity possible, attained, or required.

Example

This year saw a minimum unemployment rate.

B2 adjective ˈmɒn.ɪ.tri

monetary

Meaning

Relating to money or currency.

Example

The monetary implications are significant for investors.

C1 adjective /ˈmɜː(r)dərəs/

Murderous

Meaning

having the intent to kill; extremely violent; bloodthirsty

Example

The murderous look in his eyes frightened everyone.

B2 adjective /ˌmɛtrəˈpɑːlɪtən/

metropolitan

Meaning

Relating to a large city, its surrounding areas, or its lifestyle.

Example

She moved to a metropolitan area for better job opportunities.

C1 adjective /ˈmɔːtəl/

Mortal

Meaning

subject to death; having a limited lifespan; human

Example

All human beings are mortal and will eventually die.

A2 noun /ˈmoʊtər/

motor

Meaning

a machine that produces motion or power to make something work

Example

The car’s motor stopped suddenly.

C1 noun /ˌmjuːnɪsɪˈpæləti/

municipality

Meaning

a city or town that has its own local government

Example

The municipality is planning to build a new library.

C1 adjective /ˈmiːɡər/

meager

Meaning

Lacking in quantity or quality; inadequate.

Example

He could barely survive on his meager salary.

C1 adjective /ˈmɜːki/

murky

Meaning

Dark, gloomy, and difficult to see through; obscure.

Example

We avoided swimming in the murky river.

C2 verb /ˈmɒtl/

mottle

Meaning

To mark with spots or patches of color.

Example

The leaves were mottled with shades of yellow and brown.

C1 adjective /məˈroʊs/

morose

Meaning

sullen, gloomy, or ill-tempered

Example

He became morose after losing his job.

B1 noun /məˈdʒɪʃən/

magician

Meaning

A person who performs tricks and illusions for entertainment or one believed to have magical powers.

Example

The magician pulled a rabbit out of his hat.

C2 adjective /ˈmɒnɪtəri/

monitory

Meaning

Giving a warning or cautionary advice; serving to warn.

Example

His monitory tone made everyone cautious about their next move.

C1 adjective /ˈmɑːr.dʒɪ.nəl/

Marginal

Meaning

relating to or situated at the edge; minimal; slight

Example

The marginal improvement in sales was barely noticeable.

B2 noun /meɪz/

Maze

Meaning

A network of paths designed as a puzzle; a confusing situation

Example

The children got lost in the corn maze at the harvest festival.

C1 noun /ˈmɔːr.nər/

Mourner

Meaning

a person who attends a funeral or shows grief for someone who has died

Example

The mourners gathered at the cemetery to pay their respects.

C1 adjective /ˈmaʊntɪnəs/

Mountainous

Meaning

having many mountains; characterized by mountains

Example

The mountainous region was difficult to travel through.

B2 noun /ˈmɛr.meɪd/

Mermaid

Meaning

A mythical sea creature with the head and torso of a woman and the tail of a fish

Example

The little girl loved stories about mermaids living under the sea.

C2 noun /məˈrɔː.dər/

marauder

Meaning

a person who roams around in search of things to steal or people to attack

Example

Villagers feared the marauders who raided their homes.

C1 noun ˌmɒd.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃənz

modifications

Meaning

The action of making partial or minor changes to something.

Example

DNA modifications enable enhanced traits in crops.

C1 noun /mɑːrʃ/

Marsh

Meaning

An area of low-lying land that is flooded in wet seasons or at high tide

Example

The endangered birds built their nests in the protected marsh.

C1 adjective /ˌmaɪ.krəˈskɑː.pɪk/

microscopic

Meaning

Extremely small and only visible with a microscope.

Example

The sample contained microscopic particles.

C1 noun /ˈmɛrɪɡoʊld/

Marigold

Meaning

a bright orange or yellow flower of the daisy family, often used in gardens and ceremonies

Example

The vibrant marigold flowers added a splash of color to the festival decorations.

C2 noun /ˈmɒnəˌsɪləbəl/

monosyllable

Meaning

A word consisting of only one syllable.

Example

Words like 'yes' and 'no' are monosyllables.

C1 noun /ˈmaɪlɪdʒ/

mileage

Meaning

The distance traveled in miles, or the fuel efficiency of a vehicle.

Example

This car gives excellent mileage on highways.

C1 noun /ˈmæk.rəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts/

macronutrients

Meaning

Nutrients that are needed in large amounts to provide energy and building materials for the body, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Example

Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are vital macronutrients.

C2 adjective /ˌmɛtəˈlɜrdʒɪkəl/

metallurgical

Meaning

Relating to metallurgy or the branch of science concerned with the properties of metals and their production.

Example

He studied metallurgical engineering at the university.

A2 adjective /mɪˈstɪə.ri.əs/

mysterious

Meaning

Difficult or impossible to understand, explain, or identify.

Example

The deep sea remains one of the most mysterious places on Earth.

C1 noun ˌmiː.diˈɒk.rə.ti

mediocrity

Meaning

Being average or ordinary, not particularly good.

Example

He refused to settle for mediocrity and aimed for greatness.

C2 noun /maɪˈkrɑː.skə.pi/

microscopy

Meaning

The use of a microscope to observe small objects or organisms.

Example

Microscopy revealed the structure of the cells.

C2 noun /ˈmɒkəsɪn/

moccasin

Meaning

A soft leather shoe, traditionally worn by Native Americans, often made from deerskin.

Example

He slipped on a pair of comfortable moccasins before going outside.

A2 noun /mɔːl/ or /mæl/

mall

Meaning

a large building or series of connected buildings containing shops and restaurants

Example

They went to the mall to buy new clothes.

C2 adjective /ˌmæl.əˈfɪʃ.ənt/

maleficient

Meaning

Doing harm or evil; having a harmful effect.

Example

The maleficient acts of the tyrant ruined the kingdom.

B2 verb /mɒk/

mock

Meaning

To make fun of someone or something in a cruel or unkind way.

Example

The students mocked his accent during class.

C2 noun /miːd/

mead

Meaning

An alcoholic drink made from fermented honey and water.

Example

The Vikings were known to drink large amounts of mead during feasts.

C1 adjective /ˈmaɪ.ɡrə.tɔːr.i/

Migratory

Meaning

moving from one place to another; characterized by seasonal movement

Example

Many birds are migratory and travel thousands of miles each season.

B1 noun /ˈmaɪ.krəˌskoʊp/

microscope

Meaning

An optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as cells, by magnifying them.

Example

The scientist observed the bacteria under the microscope.

B2 verb /ˈmɒdənaɪz/

modernize

Meaning

To adapt something to modern needs or styles; to update or improve.

Example

The company plans to modernize its IT infrastructure.

C1 noun /məˈmɛn.toʊ/

memento

Meaning

An object kept as a reminder of a person, place, or event.

Example

She kept the ticket as a memento of their first concert together.

C2 verb /ˌmɪsəˈproʊpriˌeɪt/

misappropriate

Meaning

to use something dishonestly or illegally for one's own purposes

Example

He was accused of misappropriating company funds.

C1 noun /ˌmiːtiəˈrɒlədʒi/

meteorology

Meaning

The scientific study of the atmosphere and weather.

Example

He chose to specialize in meteorology to study weather patterns.

C1 noun /ˈmʌltɪtuːd/

multitude

Meaning

A large number of people or things.

Example

A multitude of fans gathered at the stadium.

B2 noun /menˈtæləti/

Mentality

Meaning

The characteristic attitude of mind or way of thinking of a person or group

Example

The team needs to develop a winning mentality to succeed.

B2 noun /ˈmɑːrbəl/

marble

Meaning

a hard, smooth stone used in building and sculpture, often white with colored lines

Example

The floor of the palace was made of white marble.

B2 noun /ˈmɜːrtʃənt/

merchant

Meaning

a person or company involved in the trade of goods, especially in large quantities

Example

The merchant sold spices from distant lands.

A2 adjective /ˈmɪzɪkəl/

musical

Meaning

related to or consisting of music

Example

She has a very musical voice.

A1 modal verb/noun /maɪt/

might

Meaning

used to express possibility; power or strength

Example

She might come to the party if she finishes work early.

C1 adjective ˌmæk.roʊ.iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk

macroeconomic

Meaning

Relating to the large-scale or general economic factors, such as interest rates and national productivity.

Example

Government policies impact macroeconomic stability.

C2 noun /mɪlk raɪs/

Milk rice

Meaning

A sweet dessert made from rice cooked with milk and sugar

Example

My grandmother makes delicious milk rice for special occasions.

C2 adjective /ˈmɪnsɪŋ/

mincing

Meaning

affectedly delicate, dainty, or refined in manner or movement

Example

He walked with mincing steps across the stage.

C2 noun /mʌsk/

Musk

Meaning

a strong-smelling substance secreted by certain animals, used in perfumes and traditional medicine

Example

The perfume contained natural musk that gave it an exotic fragrance.

C2 adjective /ˈmʌsti/

musty

Meaning

having a stale, moldy, or damp smell

Example

The old books had a musty odor.

C1 adverb /maɪˈnjuːtli/

Minutely

Meaning

in very small detail; extremely carefully

Example

The detective examined the evidence minutely.

C2 noun /muˈleθi/

Mulethi

Meaning

licorice root, a sweet-tasting herb used in traditional medicine and cooking

Example

She prepared a herbal tea with mulethi to soothe her sore throat.

C2 noun /məˈlɛvələns/

malevolence

Meaning

The state or condition of being malevolent; having or showing a wish to do evil to others.

Example

His malevolence was clear in the cruel way he treated his rivals.

C2 adjective ˈmiː.ni.əl

menial

Meaning

Not requiring much skill and lacking prestige.

Example

He refused to do menial work.

B2 noun /ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃən/

multiplication

Meaning

the mathematical process of combining numbers to get a product; the act of increasing in number or amount

Example

Multiplication is one of the basic operations taught in elementary mathematics.

C1 noun /ˌmælnuːˈtrɪʃən/

Malnutrition

Meaning

Lack of proper nutrition; poor nourishment

Example

Malnutrition among children is a serious public health concern.

B2 verb /ˌmɪsbɪˈheɪv/

misbehave

Meaning

to behave badly or inappropriately; to act in an unacceptable way

Example

The children misbehaved during the school assembly.

C1 noun /ˈmɜːrsəˌnɛri/

mercenary

Meaning

a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army; also used to describe someone motivated solely by money.

Example

The mercenary fought for whoever paid the highest wage.

B2 noun /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

manufacturing

Meaning

the process of making products on a large scale using machinery

Example

The country is investing heavily in the manufacturing sector.

C2 noun /mjuːˈnɪfəsəns/

munificence

Meaning

great generosity or lavish giving

Example

The hospital was built thanks to the munificence of a wealthy donor.

B1 noun /ˈmʌðər ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/

mother language

Meaning

the first language a person learns from childhood; native language

Example

Children learn best when they are taught in their mother language.

B2 verb /ˈmɑːdərət/

moderate

Meaning

to make less extreme or intense; to control or preside over

Example

She moderated the heated debate between the candidates.

B2 adjective /ˈmɪθɪkəl/

Mythical

Meaning

existing only in myths or legends; imaginary or fictitious

Example

Dragons are mythical creatures that appear in many cultures.

B2 adjective /mɪˈsteɪkən/

mistaken

Meaning

wrong or incorrect because of an error in judgment or understanding

Example

I was mistaken about the meeting time.

C2 adjective /ˌmɛrəˈtrɪʃəs/

meretricious

Meaning

apparently attractive but having no real value or integrity.

Example

The design was flashy but meretricious.

C1 noun /ˈmæk.ər.əl/

Mackerel

Meaning

a streamlined marine fish with a forked tail and wavy stripes

Example

Mackerel is rich in omega-3 fatty acids.

C1 verb /ˈmɜːrmər/

murmur

Meaning

To say something in a low, soft, or indistinct voice.

Example

She murmured a prayer before going to sleep.

A2 noun /maɪl/

mile

Meaning

a unit of distance equal to 1,609.34 meters; a long distance figuratively

Example

She walked a mile to reach the bus stop.

C2 verb /məˈtrɪkjʊˌleɪt/

matriculate

Meaning

To enroll as a student in a college or university.

Example

She matriculated at Oxford University last year.