B1 noun
C2 adjective /ˈhʌski/
husky
Meaning
deep, rough, and slightly hoarse voice; also refers to a strong and sturdy build
Example
He spoke in a husky voice after shouting all day.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɜː.ʃə/
Inertia
Meaning
a tendency to do nothing or remain unchanged; lack of activity or movement
Example
The team's inertia prevented them from adapting to the rapidly changing market conditions.
A2 noun /ʌmˈbrɛlə/
umbrella
Meaning
A device used for protection against rain or sun, typically consisting of a collapsible canopy mounted on a central rod.
Example
She opened her umbrella as it started to rain.
C1 adjective /ˈspʌndʒi/
Spongy
Meaning
soft and full of holes like a sponge; porous
Example
The cake had a light and spongy texture.
B2 adjective /ˈɡræs.i/
Grassy
Meaning
covered with grass; resembling grass in color; green like grass
Example
The grassy field stretched as far as the eye could see.
B2 noun /kəˈmɒ.dɪ.tiz/
commodities
Meaning
Raw materials or primary agricultural products that can be bought and sold.
Example
The prices of commodities like oil and gold fluctuate frequently.
C1 verb /ˈpætər/
patter
Meaning
to make a repeated light tapping sound; to talk quickly in a rehearsed or mechanical way
Example
Rain pattered softly on the window.
C1 noun /ɡeɪdʒ/
Gauge
Meaning
an instrument for measuring the magnitude, amount, or contents of something
Example
The pressure gauge showed the tank was full.
B1 noun /rɪsk/
Risk
Meaning
a situation involving exposure to danger; the possibility of something bad happening
Example
Taking this investment carries a high risk of losing money.
C1 adjective /ˈskɔːrnfəl/
Scornful
Meaning
showing contempt or disdain; expressing scorn
Example
She gave him a scornful look when he made the rude comment.
A2 noun, verb /bɑːr/
bar
Meaning
a counter where drinks are served; to prevent or block
Example
They decided to meet at the bar after work.
C2 verb /θrɛʃ/
thresh
Meaning
to separate grain from the plant by beating or by using a machine
Example
Farmers used machines to thresh the wheat after harvest.
B1 noun /læk/
Lack
Meaning
the state of being without or not having enough of something; absence or shortage
Example
The lack of rain this summer has caused serious problems for farmers.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈtaɪmli/
Untimely
Meaning
happening at an inappropriate or inconvenient time; premature
Example
His untimely death at the age of thirty shocked everyone.
B2 adjective /ˈwɜːrθˌwaɪl/
worthwhile
Meaning
worth the time, effort, or money spent; valuable
Example
Volunteering at the shelter was a worthwhile experience.
B1 verb, noun /klɪp/
clip
Meaning
to cut or trim something; a short extract from a film, broadcast, or recording
Example
She clipped the coupon from the newspaper.
B2 noun /ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/
proposition
Meaning
A statement, idea, or plan put forward for consideration or discussion.
Example
The company made a business proposition to the investors.
B1 noun /pɒnd/
Pond
Meaning
a small body of still water formed naturally or by artificial means
Example
The children fed the ducks at the pond in the park.
C2 noun /ˈpɑːrləns/
parlance
Meaning
a particular way of speaking or using words, common to a group
Example
In legal parlance, the term has a different meaning.
C2 verb /ˈbɜːrdʒən/
burgeon
Meaning
To grow or develop rapidly; to flourish.
Example
The city's population began to burgeon after the new factory opened.
B2 verb /rɪˈvɜːrt/
revert
Meaning
to return to a previous state, condition, or practice
Example
The system will revert to its original settings after the update.
B1 noun /lɪd/
Lid
Meaning
a removable or hinged cover for the top of a container
Example
Please put the lid back on the jar.
C1 verb /dɪˈluːd/
delude
Meaning
To mislead someone into believing something that is not true.
Example
He deluded himself into thinking he could win the race without training.
A2 adjective /ɪkˈspɛnsɪv/
expensive
Meaning
costing a lot of money
Example
That car is too expensive for me to buy.
C2 verb /ˌdɪspəˈzɛs/
dispossess
Meaning
to deprive someone of land, property, or other possessions
Example
The new law threatened to dispossess many farmers of their land.
C2 noun /ɪˌdʒækjʊˈleɪʃən/
ejaculation
Meaning
The action of suddenly saying something or the release of semen during sexual climax.
Example
His sudden ejaculation of joy surprised everyone in the room.
C1 noun /kənˈsep.ʃən/
Conception
Meaning
the forming of an idea or plan; the fertilization of an ovum by a sperm; the action of conceiving
Example
The conception of this innovative project took several months of brainstorming.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈsploʊsɪv/
explosive
Meaning
able to cause an explosion; likely to burst out suddenly
Example
The situation became explosive after the argument.
B2 verb /ˈskrɪbəl/
scribble
Meaning
to write or draw carelessly or quickly
Example
The child scribbled all over the wall.
B2 verb /ɡruːm/
groom
Meaning
to clean, brush, and care for the appearance of someone or something
Example
She spends hours grooming her dog every week.
C1 verb /ləˈmɛnt/
lament
Meaning
to express grief, sorrow, or regret about something
Example
She lamented the loss of her childhood home.
C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrʃieri/
tertiary
Meaning
third in order, rank, or level
Example
He is pursuing his tertiary education at the university.
C1 verb /ˈstaɪfəld/
stifled
Meaning
to suppress, hold back, or prevent something from happening
Example
He stifled a laugh during the serious meeting.
C2 noun /ɪˈmɒljʊmənt/
emolument
Meaning
payment for work or services; salary or fees
Example
The professor received his annual emolument from the university.
C2 verb /ˈbleɪzən/
blazon
Meaning
to display prominently or vividly
Example
The slogan was blazoned across the banner in bold letters.
A2 noun /trʌk/
truck
Meaning
a large motor vehicle for transporting goods
Example
The truck was loaded with boxes for the warehouse.
C1 verb /dɪˈflɛkt/
deflect
Meaning
to cause something to change direction; to avoid answering directly
Example
The shield deflected the incoming arrow.
C2 noun /rɪˈpruːf/
reproof
Meaning
An expression of blame or disapproval.
Example
His careless words drew a sharp reproof from his mother.
B2 noun /spɑːrk/
Spark
Meaning
a small fiery particle thrown off from a fire; a flash of light; something that triggers or initiates
Example
A spark from the campfire ignited the dry leaves.
C1 verb /əˈfɪʃieɪt/
officiate
Meaning
To perform official duties, especially in a ceremony or as a referee.
Example
The priest will officiate the wedding ceremony.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɑːrk/
embark
Meaning
to begin a journey, project, or activity
Example
She decided to embark on a new career in medicine.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpɒs.tʃər/
Imposture
Meaning
the practice of deceiving others by pretending to be someone else; fraudulent deception
Example
The elaborate imposture lasted for months before investigators uncovered the truth.
B1 adverb /ɪnˈkrɛdɪbli/
incredibly
Meaning
to a great degree; extremely or unbelievably
Example
The view from the top of the mountain was incredibly beautiful.
B2 noun /ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃən/
multiplication
Meaning
the mathematical process of combining numbers to get a product; the act of increasing in number or amount
Example
Multiplication is one of the basic operations taught in elementary mathematics.
B2 adjective /ˈkwɑː.lɪ.teɪ.tɪv/
Qualitative
Meaning
relating to quality or character rather than quantity; descriptive rather than numerical
Example
The research focuses on qualitative analysis rather than numbers.
A1 verb /riːd/
read
Meaning
to look at written words and understand their meaning
Example
I read books before going to bed.
C1 verb /ˈpærəlaɪz/
paralyze
Meaning
to cause someone or something to lose the ability to move or function normally
Example
The sudden shock seemed to paralyze him.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpjʊər/
Impure
Meaning
contaminated; not clean; mixed with foreign substances
Example
The impure water caused health problems in the village.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnbɔːrn/
Inborn
Meaning
existing from birth; natural; inherent
Example
She has an inborn talent for music.
C2 adjective /daɪˈvɜːrtɪbəl/
divertible
Meaning
capable of being turned aside or redirected
Example
Funds from the budget are not legally divertible.
C2 adjective /ˈmɔːdlɪn/
maudlin
Meaning
Overly sentimental, often tearfully or weakly emotional.
Example
He became maudlin after a few drinks.
C2 noun /ˈɡrændɪləkwəns/
grandiloquence
Meaning
Pompous or extravagant language, style, or manner, often intended to impress
Example
The politician’s speech was full of empty grandiloquence.
B2 noun /ˈpɑːrtɪkəl/
particle
Meaning
a very small piece or amount of something
Example
Dust particles floated in the air near the window.
B2 verb /ɪnˈtriːɡ/
intrigue
Meaning
to arouse curiosity or interest; to make someone fascinated
Example
The mystery novel will intrigue any reader.
A1 noun /tɒp/
top
Meaning
the highest or uppermost point, part, or surface of something
Example
The book is on the top shelf.
B1 adverb /ˈɡrædʒ.u.ə.li/
Gradually
Meaning
slowly and steadily over a period of time
Example
The weather gradually became warmer in spring.
A2 adjective /əˈlɪmpɪk/
olympic
Meaning
related to the Olympic Games, a major international sporting event
Example
She trained hard to compete in the Olympic Games.
B1 noun /ˈtʃɛərˌwʊmən/
chairwoman
Meaning
a woman who presides over a meeting, committee, or organization; a female leader of a board or council
Example
She was elected chairwoman of the company after years of experience.
C1 noun /ˈpruːdəns/
prudence
Meaning
The quality of being cautious, wise, and exercising good judgment.
Example
She invested her money with great prudence.
B2 noun /ˈtʃeɪmbər/
chamber
Meaning
a large room used for formal or public events, or a private room.
Example
The king held meetings in his private chamber.
C1 adjective /ˈmiːɡər/
meager
Meaning
Lacking in quantity or quality; inadequate.
Example
He could barely survive on his meager salary.
B2 noun /ɡlɪmps/
Glimpse
Meaning
a momentary or partial view; a brief look or sight of something
Example
Through the window, I caught a glimpse of the beautiful garden behind the house.
C1 adjective /ˈrænsɪd/
rancid
Meaning
having a bad taste or smell due to being old or spoiled (especially fats or oils)
Example
The butter had gone rancid after being left out too long.
A1 noun /dɔːɡ/
Dog
Meaning
a domesticated carnivorous mammal that is typically kept as a pet or for work
Example
The loyal dog waited patiently for its owner to return home.
C1 noun /ˈmɪmɪkri/
mimicry
Meaning
The act of imitating someone or something, often for humor or learning.
Example
The comedian’s mimicry of celebrities made the audience laugh.
C1 noun /veɪl/
vale
Meaning
A valley, often used in a poetic or literary sense.
Example
The village lay hidden in a quiet green vale.
B2 adjective /ˈiːtəbl̩/
eatable
Meaning
suitable or safe for eating
Example
The berries are not only eatable but also quite tasty.
C1 noun /fɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/
fidelity
Meaning
Faithfulness to a person, cause, or belief, demonstrated by continuing loyalty and support.
Example
A dog's fidelity to its owner is unmatched.
B1 noun /ˈpɔːtrət/
portrait
Meaning
a painting, drawing, photograph, or engraving of a person, especially one showing the face
Example
The artist painted a beautiful portrait of his wife.
B2 noun /ˈɛntəti/
entity
Meaning
something that exists as a single and complete unit; an organization or being
Example
The new company will operate as a separate legal entity.
C2 adjective /ˌstaʊtˈhɑːrtɪd/
stouthearted
Meaning
Brave, determined, and courageous
Example
The stouthearted soldier never gave up.
C2 adjective /ˈprɛʃənt/ or /ˈpriːʃənt/
prescient
Meaning
having or showing knowledge of events before they take place
Example
The prescient investor sold his shares just before the market crashed.
A2 adjective /ˈnæʃənəl/
national
Meaning
relating to a nation, especially its culture, language, or government
Example
The national anthem was played at the ceremony.
B2 noun /ɡloʊb/
Globe
Meaning
a spherical or rounded object; the earth; a spherical model of the earth
Example
The teacher used a globe to show the students the locations of different countries.
C2 verb /stɑːntʃ/
stanch
Meaning
to stop the flow of blood or liquid from a wound or source
Example
The nurse quickly stanched the bleeding from the cut.
A2 adjective, adverb, interjection /ɔːlˈraɪt/
alright
Meaning
satisfactory or acceptable; safe or unharmed; used to express agreement or acknowledgment
Example
Everything is going to be alright.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənəl/
instructional
Meaning
providing knowledge or information; intended to teach
Example
The website offers many instructional videos for beginners.
B2 verb /ˈstrɛŋkθən/
strengthen
Meaning
To make or become stronger.
Example
Communication can strengthen bonds between people.
C1 noun /ˈɛf.ɪ.kə.si/
efficacy
Meaning
The ability to produce a desired or intended result; effectiveness.
Example
The efficacy of the vaccine has been proven in trials.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊn.səl.ər/
counselor
Meaning
a person trained to give guidance on personal, social, or psychological problems
Example
The school counselor helped the student deal with stress.
C2 verb /əkˈsiːd/
accede
Meaning
to agree to a request, proposal, or demand; to assume an office or position
Example
The government finally acceded to the demands of the protesters.
C2 adjective /ˌpɛntəˈveɪlənt/
pentavalent
Meaning
Having a valence of five, especially in chemistry.
Example
Phosphorus can exist in a pentavalent state.
C2 noun /pɪks/
pyx
Meaning
a small container, often used in Christian liturgy to carry the consecrated host
Example
The priest placed the consecrated host into the pyx before visiting the sick.
C1 adjective /ˈboʊɡəs/
bogus
Meaning
false, fake, or not genuine
Example
The police arrested him for using a bogus ID card.
C1 noun /klæn/
clan
Meaning
a large family group or a close-knit community with shared interests or ancestry
Example
The entire clan gathered to celebrate the festival.
A2 noun /ˈhɛdeɪk/
headache
Meaning
a continuous pain in the head; something that causes worry or difficulty
Example
Too much screen time can give you a terrible headache.
A2 noun /ˈɔr.dər/
Order
Meaning
a command or instruction; the arrangement of things following a particular sequence
Example
The teacher gave an order to sit down quietly.
B2 adjective /ˈfræʤaɪl/
fragile
Meaning
Easily broken or damaged; delicate.
Example
Be careful with that vase, it's very fragile.
B1 noun /biːst/
Beast
Meaning
a large or dangerous animal; a cruel or unpleasant person
Example
The lion is a fierce beast of the jungle.
C1 noun /læps/
Lapse
Meaning
a temporary failure of concentration, memory, or judgment; the termination of a right or privilege
Example
There was a brief lapse in security that allowed the intruder to enter the building.
B2 adverb /ˈsʌbsɪkwəntli/
subsequently
Meaning
at a later time; afterward
Example
He failed his exam and subsequently had to retake it.
C1 adjective /ˈevər ˈlæstɪŋ/
Ever-lasting
Meaning
eternal; permanent; enduring forever
Example
Their love is ever-lasting and will never fade.
C2 adjective /bəˈnɛfɪsənt/
beneficent
Meaning
generous or doing good
Example
The beneficent leader donated funds to build a hospital.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈdɔːrnd/
unadorned
Meaning
Plain and simple; not decorated.
Example
The room was unadorned, with only a table and a chair.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɛd/
embed
Meaning
to fix something firmly into a surrounding mass or context
Example
The journalist was embedded with the military unit.
C2 adjective ˈɛr.jʊ.daɪt
erudite
Meaning
Having or showing great knowledge or learning; scholarly and intellectual.
Example
The professor's erudite lecture fascinated the students.
C1 noun /ˈmælɪs/
Malice
Meaning
The intention or desire to do evil; ill will
Example
There was no malice in his criticism, just honest feedback.
A2 verb /ʌpˈset/
upset
Meaning
to make someone worried, sad, or angry; to disturb
Example
The bad news upset everyone.
C2 noun /ˈlɪmərɪk/
limerick
Meaning
a humorous five-line poem with a specific rhythm and rhyme scheme (AABBA).
Example
She recited a funny limerick at the party.
B2 adjective /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪd/
irritated
Meaning
feeling annoyed or impatient; having inflamed or sore physical condition
Example
She felt irritated by the constant noise outside her window.
C2 verb /ˈhɑːrkən/
hearken
Meaning
To listen attentively; to give heed.
Example
He would hearken to his mentor’s advice before making decisions.
C1 adjective /priːˈɛmɪnənt/
preeminent
Meaning
Surpassing all others; very distinguished in some way.
Example
She is a preeminent scientist in the field of genetics.
C1 verb /ˈteɪpər/
taper
Meaning
To gradually decrease in width, thickness, or intensity.
Example
The road tapers off as it reaches the mountains.
C1 adjective /ləˈbɔːr.i.əs/
laborious
Meaning
requiring considerable effort and time; difficult and hard-working
Example
Writing the long report was a laborious task.
B2 noun /wiːd/
Weed
Meaning
a wild plant growing where it is not wanted; unwanted plant
Example
The garden was full of weeds that needed to be removed.
C1 verb /ˈkænvəs/
canvass
Meaning
to solicit votes or opinions; to examine thoroughly; to discuss in detail
Example
They will canvass the neighborhood for votes.
B1 noun /ˈblen.dər/
Blender
Meaning
an electric kitchen appliance used to mix, purée, or emulsify food and liquids
Example
She used the blender to make a delicious smoothie.
C1 verb /dɪˈtɛst/
detest
Meaning
To dislike intensely or hate.
Example
I detest waking up early on weekends.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒiːniəl/
congenial
Meaning
pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities
Example
They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈʃʊr/
unsure
Meaning
not certain or confident; feeling doubt
Example
She felt unsure about the decision.
C2 adjective ˌɪn.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs
inefficacious
Meaning
Not producing any or the desired effect; ineffective.
Example
The treatment was inefficacious in curing the disease.
C2 noun /ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkrəsi/
idiosyncrasy
Meaning
A distinctive or peculiar characteristic, habit, or mannerism unique to an individual.
Example
One of her idiosyncrasies was humming while working.
C2 noun /ˈpæn.θi.ɪ.zəm/
pantheism
Meaning
The belief that God and the universe are identical, or that everything is a manifestation of God.
Example
Spinoza’s philosophy is often associated with pantheism.
B2 noun /dɪˈrɛktəri/
directory
Meaning
a book or online resource listing people, businesses, or services with relevant details
Example
I need to find a plumber in the phone directory.
C1 noun /ˈstreɪnər/
Strainer
Meaning
a device having holes punched in it or made of crossed wires for separating solid matter from a liquid
Example
Use a strainer to drain the pasta water.
C2 adjective /krɪˈpʌskjʊlər/
crepuscular
Meaning
relating to twilight or active during twilight
Example
Bats are crepuscular animals, most active at dawn and dusk.
B2 verb /ˈsuːpərvaɪz/
supervise
Meaning
to watch and direct a person or activity to ensure things are done correctly
Example
The teacher supervises students during the exam.
C2 adjective /æmˈbroʊʒiəl/
ambrosial
Meaning
Exceptionally pleasing to taste or smell; divine.
Example
The aroma of freshly baked bread was simply ambrosial.
C1 adjective /ˌɔːrnəˈmɛntl/
ornamental
Meaning
Serving as decoration; decorative rather than functional.
Example
The garden was filled with ornamental plants.
C1 noun/verb /ɡrʌdʒ/
grudge
Meaning
A persistent feeling of ill will or resentment from a past insult or injury.
Example
She still holds a grudge against him for what happened years ago.