B1 noun
B2 noun, verb /ˈblækmeɪl/
blackmail
Meaning
the act of demanding money or advantage by threatening to reveal secrets; to force someone to act by using such threats
Example
He tried to blackmail her by threatening to reveal the documents.
A1 noun /roʊd/
road
Meaning
a wide way leading from one place to another
Example
We drove along the road to the village.
C2 adjective /ˈæb.ə.rənt/
aberrant
Meaning
deviating from what is normal or expected; abnormal
Example
His aberrant behavior shocked everyone at the meeting.
A1 noun /ˈwɪn.doʊ/
Window
Meaning
an opening in a wall fitted with glass to let in light and air
Example
Please open the window for fresh air.
A2 noun /stʌf/
stuff
Meaning
a collection of things or materials, typically unspecified or uncountable
Example
She packed all her stuff into the suitcase.
B2 verb /kənˈfɜːr/
confer
Meaning
to discuss something important or to grant or bestow something
Example
The committee will confer to decide on the new policy.
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːm.pəs/
Pompous
Meaning
showing off; pretentious; overly grand
Example
His pompous attitude annoyed everyone at the meeting.
C2 noun /ˌɪn.ɪˈbraɪ.ə.ti/
inebriety
Meaning
the state of being drunk or intoxicated
Example
His frequent inebriety led to the loss of his job.
C1 noun /ˈen.mə.ti/
Enmity
Meaning
a state or feeling of active opposition or hostility
Example
The enmity between the two families lasted for generations.
C1 noun /ˈnɑːrsɪsɪst/
narcissist
Meaning
A person who has an excessive interest in or admiration of themselves.
Example
Everyone avoided him because he was a narcissist.
C2 noun /muˈleθi/
Mulethi
Meaning
licorice root, a sweet-tasting herb used in traditional medicine and cooking
Example
She prepared a herbal tea with mulethi to soothe her sore throat.
B2 noun səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti
sustainability
Meaning
The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level; the avoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain ecological balance.
Example
Sustainability ensures long-term environmental health.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrsɪflɑːʒ/
persiflage
Meaning
light and slightly contemptuous mockery or banter
Example
Their conversation was full of persiflage and jokes.
C2 noun /ˈskæb.ərd/
scabbard
Meaning
A sheath for the blade of a sword or dagger, typically made of leather or metal.
Example
The knight drew his sword from the scabbard.
B2 noun /ˈfræɡ.mənt/
Fragment
Meaning
a small part broken or separated off something; an incomplete or isolated portion
Example
Archaeologists found fragments of ancient pottery buried in the soil.
A1 adverb /təˈmɒroʊ/
Tomorrow
Meaning
on the day after today; in the future
Example
Tomorrow we will visit the museum.
B2 verb /kəmˈplaɪ/
comply
Meaning
to act in accordance with a rule, request, or law
Example
All companies must comply with safety regulations.
C2 verb /əbˈvɜːrt/
obvert
Meaning
To turn something so as to face in a different direction; in logic, to convert a proposition by negating both subject and predicate.
Example
The teacher asked the students to obvert the statement for practice.
C1 noun /ˌdʒɛr.iˈætrɪks/
geriatrics
Meaning
the branch of medicine dealing with the health and care of old people
Example
He specialized in geriatrics to care for the elderly.
B2 verb /ˈpɒndər/
ponder
Meaning
to think about something carefully
Example
She pondered over the meaning of the poem.
B2 noun /kreɪn/
Crane
Meaning
a large tall bird with long legs and neck; a machine for lifting heavy objects
Example
The graceful crane stood motionless by the water's edge.
C2 noun /ˌɪnkænˈteɪʃən/
incantation
Meaning
a series of words used as a magic spell or charm
Example
The wizard chanted an incantation to summon the spirits.
A1 adjective /fɑːst/
Fast
Meaning
moving or happening quickly; rapid; swift
Example
She runs very fast in the morning.
C1 noun /ˈhaɪ.nəs/
Highness
Meaning
a title given to a person of royal rank; the quality or state of being high or elevated
Example
Your Highness, the royal carriage is ready to take you to the state banquet this evening.
A2 adverb; noun /ˌaʊtˈdɔːrz/
outdoors
Meaning
outside a building; the natural environment outside
Example
We spent the whole afternoon outdoors enjoying the fresh air.
A1 noun
Love
B1 noun /pɜːrs/
purse
Meaning
a small bag used by women to carry money and personal items
Example
She kept her wallet in her purse.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnɪŋ/
discerning
Meaning
having good judgment or insight; able to distinguish well
Example
He is a discerning reader who notices subtle details.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/
philanthropic
Meaning
showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable
Example
She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.
A1 noun /iːst/
east
Meaning
The direction from which the sun rises; one of the four cardinal points.
Example
The sun rises in the east.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsns/
convalescence
Meaning
the period of time spent recovering from an illness or medical treatment
Example
His convalescence lasted for almost two months after the accident.
B2 noun /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/
infinity
Meaning
A concept describing something without any limit or end.
Example
The universe seems to stretch into infinity.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət/
indiscriminate
Meaning
Done without careful judgment; random or haphazard.
Example
The indiscriminate use of pesticides harms the environment.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃ/
impoverish
Meaning
To make someone poor or reduce the quality or richness of something.
Example
The long war impoverished the entire nation.
C2 noun /ˌiː.mɛnˈdeɪ.ʃən/
emendation
Meaning
a correction or improvement made to a text
Example
The article required several emendations before it was ready for print.
C2 verb /ˈʌndjʊleɪt/
undulate
Meaning
To move with a smooth, wave-like motion.
Example
The snake undulated across the sand.
B2 noun /vɪˈsɪn.ə.ti/
Vicinity
Meaning
the area near or surrounding a particular place; neighborhood
Example
There are many shops in the vicinity of the school.
C1 noun ˈnɛktər
Nectar
Meaning
A sweet liquid produced by flowers that serves as food for butterflies.
Example
Butterflies drink nectar from flowers.
B1 verb /sɪŋk/
sink
Meaning
to go down below the surface; to descend
Example
The ship sinks in the deep ocean.
C1 adjective /ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtuːɪtɪv/
counterintuitive
Meaning
contrary to what one would intuitively expect
Example
His approach seems counterintuitive but it actually works.
C2 noun /ˈprɒsɪlaɪt/
proselyte
Meaning
A person who has converted from one belief, opinion, or religion to another.
Example
She became a proselyte after converting to a new faith.
B2 noun /ˈpes.ə.mɪst/
Pessimist
Meaning
a person who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believes that the worst will happen; someone who lacks hope or confidence in the future
Example
Being a pessimist, he always expected the worst outcome.
A2 noun/verb /ˈbʌdʒɪt/
budget
Meaning
An estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time; to plan expenses and income.
Example
The family created a budget to manage their expenses.
C2 noun /ɪnˈvaɪtər/
invitor
Meaning
a person who invites someone to an event, meeting, or place
Example
The invitor greeted all the guests warmly at the entrance.
A2 noun /ˈplænɪt/
Planet
Meaning
a celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit around a star
Example
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.
C2 verb /dɪˈnɒmɪˌneɪt/
denominate
Meaning
to give a name or designation to something
Example
The currency was denominated in dollars.
B2 adjective /ɡəʊl ɔːˈrɪəntɪd/
goal-oriented
Meaning
Focused on achieving specific objectives or targets; driven by clear aims.
Example
Being goal-oriented is crucial for achieving success.
B2 adjective /kənˈdʒɛstɪd/
congested
Meaning
Blocked up with too much traffic or crowding.
Example
The road was congested during rush hour.
C1 verb /veks/
vex
Meaning
to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble
Example
The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.
B2 adjective /ˈkɔːstli/
costly
Meaning
expensive or causing a lot of money, time, or effort
Example
Their mistake proved to be very costly for the company.
C2 adjective /ˌæf.əˈrɪs.tɪk/
aphoristic
Meaning
expressed in the style of a short, witty saying
Example
Her writing style is concise and aphoristic.
C1 noun /ˈpʌndɪt/
pundit
Meaning
An expert in a particular subject or field who is frequently called upon to give opinions to the public.
Example
Political pundits debated the election results on television.
C2 verb /ˌdɒmɪˈnɪə/
domineer
Meaning
to assert one's will over another in an arrogant way
Example
He tends to domineer over his younger colleagues.
C1 verb /ˈfrɒlɪk/
frolic
Meaning
to play and move about cheerfully, energetically, or playfully
Example
The children frolicked in the garden all afternoon.
C2 noun /ˈɪŋkjʊbəs/
incubus
Meaning
An oppressive or nightmarish burden; in folklore, an evil spirit that lies upon sleeping people.
Example
Debt became an incubus that weighed heavily on the family.
C1 verb /əˈprɛs/
oppress
Meaning
to keep someone down by harsh and unfair use of authority; to suppress
Example
The dictator oppressed the people for decades.
C2 noun /ˈʌndərlɪŋ/
underling
Meaning
a person of low rank or importance; a subordinate
Example
The manager ordered his underlings to finish the task quickly.
B2 noun /roʊˈteɪʃən/
Rotation
Meaning
the action of rotating around an axis or center; a single turn
Example
The Earth's rotation takes 24 hours to complete.
B2 noun /red liːf/
Red leaf
Meaning
red-colored leafy vegetable; amaranth leaves used as greens
Example
Red leaf is rich in iron and is commonly eaten in Bengali households.
B1 noun /ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən/
composition
Meaning
the act of creating a piece of writing, music, or art; the way parts are arranged
Example
Her composition won first prize in the contest.
A2 noun /ˈdɪs.təns/
Distance
Meaning
the length of space between two points; remoteness in place, time, or relationship
Example
The distance between the two cities is approximately three hundred kilometers.
C1 noun /plæsˈtɪsəti/
plasticity
Meaning
the quality of being easily shaped or molded; adaptability
Example
The brain's plasticity allows it to adapt after injury.
C2 noun /ˈbɜːrɡər/
burgher
Meaning
A citizen of a town, typically a member of the wealthy middle class.
Example
The burgher was respected as a prosperous merchant in the city.
C1 verb /ˌmɪsˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt/
misrepresent
Meaning
to give a false or misleading account of something
Example
The lawyer accused the witness of trying to misrepresent the facts.
C2 noun /ˈspɛndˌθrɪft/
spendthrift
Meaning
A person who spends money extravagantly or wastefully.
Example
The young prince was known as a spendthrift, wasting his fortune on lavish parties.
C2 noun əˈdʒuː.dɪ.kə.tɪv ˈbɒd.i
adjudicative body
Meaning
An official organization that has the authority to judge disputes and make decisions.
Example
The adjudicative body deliberated on the case.
B2 verb /pəˈreɪd/
parade
Meaning
to march in a procession; to display publicly; to show off
Example
The soldiers paraded through the streets on Independence Day.
B1 verb /træk/
track
Meaning
To follow or trace the course or progress of something.
Example
Someone can easily track your location on social media.
C2 adjective /bəˈθɛt.ɪk/
bathetic
Meaning
displaying insincere or trivial emotion; producing an unintended ridiculous effect through sudden change from serious to silly
Example
The movie's ending was unintentionally bathetic rather than tragic.
A2 adjective /pjʊər/
Pure
Meaning
clean; clear; untainted; without discrimination;
Example
The water from the mountain spring is pure.
C1 noun /stæɡˈneɪ.ʃən/
stagnation
Meaning
A state of inactivity or lack of growth, especially in an economy.
Example
High unemployment led to economic stagnation.
C1 verb /mɔːrf/
morph
Meaning
to change smoothly from one form, shape, or character into another
Example
The caterpillar will morph into a butterfly.
A2 noun /ɡʌn/
Gun
Meaning
a weapon that fires bullets or other projectiles from a metal tube
Example
The soldier cleaned his gun after the training session.
C1 adjective /sər'pæs.ɪŋ/
Surpassing
Meaning
exceeding; going beyond; outstanding
Example
Her surpassing beauty made everyone stop and stare.
C2 noun /ˈdaɪətraɪb/
diatribe
Meaning
A forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something.
Example
The politician launched a diatribe against his opponents.
B2 verb /dʒɑːɡ/
jog
Meaning
to run at a slow, steady pace for exercise
Example
She jogs every morning in the park.
B1 verb /ˈdɛmənˌstreɪt/
demonstrate
Meaning
to clearly show or prove something through evidence, explanation, or action
Example
The teacher demonstrated the experiment to the class.
C1 verb /kənˈsɛptʃuəlaɪz/
conceptualize
Meaning
to form an idea or concept of something in your mind
Example
The artist conceptualized a new design for the exhibition.
B2 noun /ˈkwɪə.ri/
Query
Meaning
a question or inquiry; a request for information
Example
I have a query about the new policy changes in the company.
C2 noun /dɪˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən/
dilapidation
Meaning
The state of disrepair or ruin as a result of neglect.
Example
The old temple was in a state of dilapidation.
C2 noun /ˈɒbsɪkwiːz/
obsequies
Meaning
Funeral rites or ceremonies.
Example
The obsequies for the late leader drew thousands of mourners.
C1 noun /taɪˈpɒɡrəfi/
typography
Meaning
the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible and visually appealing
Example
Good typography improves the readability of a website.
C1 verb /səbˈmɜːrdʒ/
submerge
Meaning
to put under water or cover with liquid
Example
The floodwaters threatened to submerge the village.
B2 verb /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/
eliminate
Meaning
To completely remove or get rid of something.
Example
Eliminate time-wasting habits.
C1 adjective /ˌæn.ɪkˈdoʊ.t̬əl/
anecdotal
Meaning
Based on personal accounts rather than facts or research; characterized by anecdotes.
Example
The book was filled with anecdotal evidence rather than data.
C1 noun /nɪərˈvɑːnə/
nirvana
Meaning
A state of perfect happiness, peace, and freedom from suffering; in Buddhism, the ultimate goal of liberation.
Example
Meditation helps some people seek nirvana in their lives.
A1 adverb /əˈweɪ/
Away
Meaning
to or at a distance; not present; absent
Example
He walked away from the noisy crowd.
C2 noun /ˈkæt.kɪn/
Catkin
Meaning
a drooping, often tasseled cluster of small flowers found on willow and birch trees
Example
The willow tree's catkins swayed gently in the spring breeze.
C2 noun /ˈsiːkənt/
secant
Meaning
A straight line that intersects a curve at two or more points.
Example
In geometry, a secant cuts the circle at two distinct points.
C1 noun ˈmaɪ.krəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənt
micronutrient
Meaning
Essential nutrients required by the body in small amounts, including vitamins and minerals.
Example
Iron and zinc are essential micronutrients for growth.
C1 noun /əˈpɒsəl/
apostle
Meaning
A vigorous and pioneering advocate or supporter of a particular cause, often used for the early Christian disciples.
Example
He became an apostle of environmental protection.
C2 noun /ˌɛərəˈstætɪks/
aerostatics
Meaning
The branch of physics that deals with the equilibrium of air and gases and the forces acting on bodies in them.
Example
Aerostatics is essential for understanding how balloons float.
B2 noun /ɔːˈræŋ.ʊˌtæŋ/
Orang-Outang
Meaning
a large arboreal ape with long reddish hair, long arms, and hooked hands and feet, native to Borneo and Sumatra
Example
The orangutan swings gracefully through the forest canopy.
C2 adjective /ɒmˈnɪp.ə.tənt/
omnipotent
Meaning
Having unlimited power; able to do anything; all-powerful.
Example
In many religions, God is considered omnipotent.
B2 noun fɪkst ˈɪnkʌm
fixed income
Meaning
Investment that provides a return in the form of fixed periodic payments.
Example
Fixed income investments provide reliable returns.
C2 adverb /ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəsli/
expeditiously
Meaning
in a quick and efficient manner
Example
The application was processed expeditiously.
B2 noun ˈflaɪ.ɪŋ kɑːrz
flying cars
Meaning
Vehicles that can travel both on roads and in the air.
Example
Flying cars could soon solve urban traffic congestion.
C1 noun ɪnˈsɒl.vən.si
insolvency
Meaning
The state of being unable to pay debts owed; bankruptcy.
Example
The company declared insolvency after years of losses.
B2 noun /brɪŋk/
brink
Meaning
The edge or point just before a significant event or change.
Example
The company was on the brink of bankruptcy.
A2 verb /ɡriːt/
greet
Meaning
to welcome someone; to say hello
Example
She greeted her guests warmly at the door.
C1 adjective /kəˈθɑːr.tɪk/
cathartic
Meaning
Providing psychological relief through the open expression of strong emotions.
Example
Writing about emotions can be a cathartic experience.
B2 noun /ˈɡæl.ək.si/
Galaxy
Meaning
a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction
Example
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system and Earth.
C1 noun /ˈfreɪlti/
frailty
Meaning
The condition of being weak, delicate, or easily broken.
Example
Old age often comes with physical frailty.
B2 noun ˈkærɪktər dɪˈvɛləpmənt
character development
Meaning
The process of creating a believable character in fiction by giving the character depth and personality.
Example
The character development of Sydney Carton is profound.
C2 verb /ˈblʌdʒən/
bludgeon
Meaning
to hit someone with a heavy object; to force someone into doing something
Example
The guard was bludgeoned by the attacker in the alley.
C1 adjective /ˈplʌk.i/
plucky
Meaning
having or showing courage and determination
Example
The plucky child rescued the kitten from the tree.
C1 noun /ʃəˈmiːz/
Chemise
Meaning
a woman's loose-fitting undergarment or dress hanging straight from the shoulders
Example
The vintage chemise was made of delicate lace and silk.
B2 adverb /ˈpɑrʃəli/
Partially
Meaning
to some extent; not completely; incompletely
Example
The building was only partially destroyed in the fire.
B2 adjective, noun /ˈfeɪʃəl/
facial
Meaning
Relating to the face; a beauty treatment for the face
Example
She booked a facial at the spa.
B2 noun /ˈmɜːrdərər/
murderer
Meaning
a person who unlawfully kills another human being with intent
Example
The murderer was caught by the police within hours.
B2 noun /ˈdjuːəʊ/
duo
Meaning
a pair of people or things, especially in music or entertainment
Example
The musical duo performed their latest hit at the concert.
B2 noun /rɪˈzembləns/
Resemblance
Meaning
the state of being alike or similar; similarity in appearance or character
Example
There's a strong resemblance between the two sisters.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/
Indecisive
Meaning
unable to make decisions quickly; hesitant; wavering
Example
She was indecisive about which university to attend.
B2 noun /ˌdɪsəˈpruːvəl/
disapproval
Meaning
The expression of an unfavorable opinion or judgment
Example
Her parents showed clear disapproval of her decision to drop out of college.
B1 verb /krɔːl/
crawl
Meaning
to move slowly on hands and knees; to move very slowly
Example
The baby crawled across the floor to reach the toy.
B1 noun /ˈmɪlk.mæn/
Milkman
Meaning
a person who delivers milk to homes or businesses
Example
The milkman delivers fresh milk to our house every morning.
B1 noun /træp/
Trap
Meaning
a device or enclosure designed to catch and retain animals, or a situation from which it is difficult to escape
Example
The mouse was caught in the trap overnight.
B2 noun /ˈprɒvɪns/
province
Meaning
a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.
Example
The province is known for its rich cultural heritage and stunning landscapes.
C2 noun /pruːd/
prude
Meaning
A person who is easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity; someone overly modest.
Example
He was called a prude for blushing at the movie scenes.
B1 verb /ɪmˈprɛs/
impress
Meaning
to cause someone to feel admiration or respect
Example
Her speech managed to impress the audience.