impose
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B2 verb /ɪmˈpoʊz/

impose

Meaning
to force someone to accept something; to establish or apply by authority
Example
The government imposed new taxes on luxury goods.
C2 verb /ɪnˈfætʃueɪt/

infatuate

Meaning
to inspire with an intense but short-lived passion or admiration
Example
He was infatuated with her beauty.
B1 adjective ˌɪn.dɪˈpen.dənt

independent

Meaning
Not depending on another for livelihood or subsistence; free from outside control; not subject to another's authority.
Example
An independent institution ensures transparency in governance.
C1 noun /ˌɪmɔːrˈtæləti/

immortality

Meaning
the state of living forever; eternal life or lasting fame beyond death
Example
Many ancient cultures believed that heroes could achieve immortality through great deeds.
C1 noun /ˌɪnˈdɪsəplɪn/

indiscipline

Meaning
lack of discipline or self-control; failure to obey rules or maintain order
Example
Indiscipline among the students disrupted the learning environment.
C2 adjective /ɪmˌpɜːrˈsweɪdəbl/

impersuadable

Meaning
not able to be convinced or persuaded
Example
She remained impersuadable despite all our arguments.
C1 adjective /ɪˈneɪn/

inane

Meaning
lacking sense, meaning, or significance; silly or pointless
Example
The movie was criticized for its inane dialogue.
B2 noun ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəlz

intellectuals

Meaning
People possessing a highly developed intellect; scholars or academics.
Example
Intellectuals protested against the dominance.
C1 noun ɪnˈdʌldʒəns

indulgence

Meaning
The practice of allowing oneself to enjoy the pleasure of something.
Example
His indulgence in junk food affected his health.
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɪɡ.ər.eɪt/

invigorate

Meaning
To give strength or energy to someone or something.
Example
A morning walk can invigorate both body and mind.
B1 adjective /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/

impolite

Meaning
Not showing good manners; rude.
Example
It is impolite to interrupt someone while they are speaking.
C1 verb ɪmˈbjuː

Imbue

Meaning
Mixing some idea or feeling deeply into someone's mind
Example
The teacher tried to imbue students with a love for learning.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈtɛntɪv/

inattentive

Meaning
not paying attention; lacking focus or concentration
Example
The inattentive student missed several important instructions.
C1 noun /ˈɪmɪnəns/

imminence

Meaning
the state of being about to happen
Example
The imminence of the storm forced people to take shelter.
B1 adjective /ˈɪnəsənt/

Innocent

Meaning
free from guilt or sin; pure; harmless; naive
Example
The innocent child had no idea that her parents were planning a surprise party.
C1 verb /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənəlaɪz/

institutionalize

Meaning
to establish something as a formal institution, custom, or practice
Example
The government seeks to institutionalize environmental protection.
C2 adjective /ˌɪmpɪˈkjuːniəs/

impecunious

Meaning
Having little or no money; poor.
Example
He grew up in an impecunious family.
C1 noun /ɪnˈtruː.ʒən/

intrusion

Meaning
Unauthorized entry into a system or place without permission
Example
The company detected an intrusion in its server.
B2 adjective, noun /ɪzˈreɪli/

israeli

Meaning
relating to Israel or its people; a person from Israel
Example
She works for an Israeli company.
B1 noun /ˈɪnpʊt/

input

Meaning
information, advice, or data that is put into a system, device, or process
Example
The manager asked for everyone's input on the new project.
B1 adverb /ˈɪnstəntli/

instantly

Meaning
immediately, without any delay
Example
He replied instantly to the message.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

imposing

Meaning
having an appearance that is grand, impressive, or commanding
Example
The castle is an imposing structure overlooking the valley.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈprɒbəbl/

improbable

Meaning
Not likely to be true or to happen.
Example
It seems improbable that he will arrive on time.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
C2 verb /aɪˈdɒləˌtraɪz/

idolatrize

Meaning
To worship idols; to regard with excessive devotion or admiration.
Example
They began to idolatrize the statue as a deity.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈæk.tɪv/

Inactive

Meaning
not active; not working; dormant; idle
Example
The volcano has been inactive for over a century.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdɒktrɪˌneɪt/

indoctrinate

Meaning
To teach someone to fully accept a set of beliefs or ideas without question.
Example
The regime tried to indoctrinate the youth with propaganda.
C1 noun ˌɪnfɛsˈteɪʃən

infestation

Meaning
The presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, causing damage or disease.
Example
The infestation of ants in the kitchen led to immediate pest control measures.
C2 adjective /ˈɪnfəntaɪl/

infantile

Meaning
characteristic of an infant; childish
Example
His infantile behavior embarrassed everyone at the meeting.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpɒs.tʃər/

Imposture

Meaning
the practice of deceiving others by pretending to be someone else; fraudulent deception
Example
The elaborate imposture lasted for months before investigators uncovered the truth.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrmənt/

interment

Meaning
The act of burying a dead body in a grave or tomb.
Example
The interment took place at the family cemetery.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdiːsənt/

indecent

Meaning
not conforming to accepted standards of behavior or morality; improper or offensive
Example
He was warned for making an indecent remark during the meeting.
B1 noun/adjective /ˈɪnstənt/

instant

Meaning
A very short period of time; happening immediately.
Example
He replied in an instant without hesitation.
C2 noun /aɪər/

ire

Meaning
intense anger or rage
Example
The new policy provoked the ire of the employees.
B2 noun /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/

infinity

Meaning
A concept describing something without any limit or end.
Example
The universe seems to stretch into infinity.
B2 noun /ɪnˈtɜː.prə.tər/

Interpreter

Meaning
a person who translates orally from one language into another; someone who explains meaning
Example
The international conference hired professional interpreters to translate speeches in real time.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɑːlɪtɪk/

impolitic

Meaning
Unwise or imprudent; not showing good judgment.
Example
It would be impolitic to criticize them openly.
C1 noun /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃən/

inclination

Meaning
A natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way.
Example
She has an inclination towards helping others.
C1 verb /ɪnˈstɪl/

instill

Meaning
to gradually but firmly establish an idea, attitude, or habit in someone's mind
Example
Parents try to instill good values in their children.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɪəriəs/

imperious

Meaning
Arrogantly domineering or overbearing.
Example
Her imperious tone made it hard for others to argue.
B1 verb /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/

indicate

Meaning
to point out; to show or suggest; to be a sign of
Example
The red light indicates that you should stop.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmjuː.tə.bəl/

immutable

Meaning
Unchangeable, permanent, or fixed
Example
The laws of physics are considered immutable.
A1 conjunction /ɪf/

if

Meaning
used to introduce a condition or supposition
Example
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.
C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈluːʃən/

involution

Meaning
a complicated or intricate form or state; in biology, the shrinking of an organ after its function has finished
Example
The story was full of involution, making it hard to follow.
C1 noun ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs trəˈdɪʃənz

Indigenous Traditions

Meaning
Cultural practices, beliefs, and customs that have been passed down through generations among native peoples.
Example
Indigenous traditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts are unique.
C2 noun /ˌɪn.təˈvɛn.ʃə.nɪ.zəm/

interventionism

Meaning
Government policy of active involvement in economic affairs.
Example
The central bank's interventionism helped stabilize inflation.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

Meaning
Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.
Example
The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.
C1 adjective ɪnˈsaɪ.sɪv

incisive

Meaning
Intelligently analytical and clear-thinking; showing clear thought and good understanding of what is important.
Example
His incisive comments revealed the core issues.
B2 noun ɪnˈsɛntɪvz

incentives

Meaning
Things that motivate or encourage one to do something.
Example
Tax incentives are used to encourage investment in renewable energy.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈlɒkjətər/

interlocutor

Meaning
a person who takes part in a conversation or dialogue
Example
She was a skilled interlocutor during the debate.
A1 adjective /ɪmˈpɔː.tənt/

important

Meaning
Of great significance or value; likely to have a profound effect on success, survival, or well-being.
Example
Important steps must be taken to address pollution.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfætɪɡəbl̩/

indefatigable

Meaning
persisting tirelessly; incapable of being fatigued
Example
Her indefatigable spirit kept the team motivated during the long project.
A1 adjective /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ or /ˈɪntəˌrɛstɪŋ/

interesting

Meaning
Arousing curiosity or attention; holding one’s interest.
Example
The documentary about space was very interesting.
B1 adjective /ɪmˈpruːvd/

improved

Meaning
made better or enhanced in quality or condition
Example
Her health has significantly improved since last month.
B2 adjective /ˈɪɡ.nər.ənt/

Ignorant

Meaning
lacking knowledge or awareness; uninformed
Example
She was ignorant about the new technology trends.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈbʌstəbl/

incombustible

Meaning
Not capable of catching fire or burning.
Example
This material is incombustible and safe for construction.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈniːsaɪn/

internecine

Meaning
Relating to conflict within a group, often causing mutual destruction.
Example
The internecine conflict weakened the organization from within.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

inconsistency

Meaning
The quality of being contradictory, irregular, or not staying the same.
Example
There is an inconsistency between his words and actions.
B2 adjective /ɪˈreɡjələr/

irregular

Meaning
not even or consistent in shape, pattern, time, or behavior; not following normal rules
Example
His attendance at work has been irregular this month.
B1 noun ˈɪn.də.stri

industry

Meaning
Economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories.
Example
The industry focuses on luxury experiences.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɜːrmənəbl/

interminable

Meaning
Seemingly endless; having no apparent end.
Example
The meeting felt interminable and exhausting.
B2 noun /aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

identification

Meaning
the process of recognizing or proving who or what someone or something is
Example
You need proper identification to enter the building.
A2 verb /ˌɪntrəˈduːs/

introduce

Meaning
to present someone; to bring in for the first time
Example
Let me introduce you to my friend.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvɛtərət/

inveterate

Meaning
having a long-established habit, activity, or interest that is unlikely to change
Example
He is an inveterate reader who spends hours in the library every day.
C1 noun /ˈɪtʃ.i.nəs/

itchiness

Meaning
The quality or condition of feeling an irritating sensation on the skin that causes a desire to scratch.
Example
Eye itchiness often leads to rubbing.
C2 noun /ˌɪmprɪˈmɑːtər/

imprimatur

Meaning
An official license or approval, especially to publish a book.
Example
The book was released with the official imprimatur of the church.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

incomplete

Meaning
Not finished, lacking some parts or not whole.
Example
Her report was incomplete and needed further details.
B1 noun /ɪnˌvɛs.tɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

investigation

Meaning
the process of inquiring into or examining something carefully to find the truth
Example
The investigation revealed new evidence about the fraud.
A2 noun /ˈɪndʒəri/

injury

Meaning
Harm or damage to a person’s body caused by an accident or attack.
Example
He suffered a serious injury during the football match.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈtækt/

intact

Meaning
Remaining whole, complete, and undamaged.
Example
Despite the storm, the old house remained intact.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃ/

impoverish

Meaning
To make someone poor or reduce the quality or richness of something.
Example
The long war impoverished the entire nation.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəbl/

indubitable

Meaning
Impossible to doubt; unquestionable.
Example
It is indubitable that hard work leads to success.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndaɪˈdʒestəbəl/

Indigestible

Meaning
difficult or impossible to digest; hard to process in the stomach
Example
The old bread became hard and indigestible.
B2 adjective /ˈɪnˌsaɪtfəl/

insightful

Meaning
Showing deep understanding or perceptiveness.
Example
The professor gave an insightful lecture on global economics.
B2 noun ɪnˈfleɪʃən

inflation

Meaning
A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.
Example
Inflation erodes the purchasing power of consumers.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsaɪzər/

incisor

Meaning
a narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth, adapted for cutting
Example
The dentist noted that his upper left incisor was chipped.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpræktɪkəbl/

impracticable

Meaning
Not capable of being carried out or put into practice.
Example
The plan seemed impracticable due to limited resources.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmædʒɪnəbl/

imaginable

Meaning
Capable of being imagined or conceived.
Example
They offered every imaginable type of food at the festival.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈluːbriəs/

insalubrious

Meaning
Unhealthy or not conducive to well-being.
Example
They moved out of the insalubrious neighborhood for the sake of their health.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃiət/

insatiate

Meaning
impossible to satisfy; always wanting more
Example
He had an insatiate desire for power.
C1 verb /aɪˈdiː.ə.laɪz/

idealize

Meaning
To regard or represent something as perfect or better than it really is.
Example
Children often idealize their parents.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnəns/

impertinence

Meaning
lack of respect; rudeness
Example
The teacher was shocked by the student's impertinence.
B2 adjective/noun /ɪˈrɑːki/

iraqi

Meaning
relating to Iraq or its people
Example
The Iraqi culture is rich and diverse.
C1 adjective /ˌɪmprɪˈsaɪs/

imprecise

Meaning
Not exact or accurate; vague.
Example
His explanation was too imprecise to be helpful.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

initiatives

Meaning
Actions or strategies designed to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; programs or projects.
Example
Community initiatives benefit underprivileged groups.
C2 noun /ˌɪmprəˈsɑːrioʊ/

impresario

Meaning
A person who organizes or finances concerts, plays, or operas.
Example
The impresario arranged a series of concerts for the rising star.
B2 verb /ɪnˈheɪl/

inhale

Meaning
to breathe in; to draw air into the lungs
Example
Take a deep breath and inhale slowly.
C2 noun /ɪˈnɪkwɪti/

iniquity

Meaning
Immoral or grossly unfair behavior.
Example
The dictator's regime was marked by corruption and iniquity.
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpɒlɪtli/

impolitely

Meaning
in a rude or discourteous manner; without showing respect or proper manners
Example
He spoke impolitely to the waiter despite the polite service.
C2 verb /ɪmˈbruː/

imbrue

Meaning
To stain, especially with blood.
Example
His hands were imbrued with blood after the battle.
B2 noun /ˌɪnstəˈbɪləti/

instability

Meaning
lack of stability or balance; tendency to change, fail, or collapse easily
Example
Political instability has slowed economic growth in the region.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkoʊˈɜːrsəbl̩/

incoercible

Meaning
Not capable of being forced, compelled, or restrained.
Example
Her incoercible spirit inspired others to fight for justice.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt/

inadvertent

Meaning
Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning; unintentional.
Example
Her inadvertent mistake caused a delay in the project.
B1 verb /ˌɪntərˈækt/

interact

Meaning
to communicate or work together with someone or something
Example
Students interact with teachers during class discussions.
C2 noun /ˌɪnkəˈpæsəti/

incapacity

Meaning
the lack of ability, power, or fitness to do something
Example
His mental incapacity prevented him from making important decisions.
B2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈdʌk.tər.i/

introductory

Meaning
Serving as an introduction; preliminary or preparatory.
Example
The professor gave an introductory lecture on economics.
B2 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Indication

Meaning
a sign or piece of information that indicates something; a suggestion or hint
Example
The dark clouds were a clear indication that a storm was approaching the area.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdʌkt/

induct

Meaning
to formally admit someone into a position, organization, or office
Example
She was inducted into the university's honor society.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

injunction

Meaning
A judicial order restraining a person from an action or compelling a certain act.
Example
The court issued an injunction to stop the company from polluting the river.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsɒljʊbl/

indissoluble

Meaning
Unable to be destroyed, broken, or dissolved.
Example
Marriage was once considered an indissoluble bond.
B2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbəl/

Irresistible

Meaning
too attractive and tempting to be resisted; impossible to resist
Example
The chocolate cake was absolutely irresistible.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

Indescribable

Meaning
impossible to describe or express in words; beyond description
Example
The beauty of the sunset was indescribable.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvərənt/

irreverent

Meaning
showing a lack of respect for people or things that are usually respected
Example
The comedian’s irreverent jokes offended some of the audience.
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

Illogical

Meaning
not reasonable or sensible; lacking logic
Example
It would be illogical to go swimming in such cold weather.
C1 noun /ˈaɪsətəʊp/

isotope

Meaning
Atoms of the same element with equal number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Example
Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope used in dating fossils.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

inexcusable

Meaning
Too bad to be justified or overlooked; unforgivable.
Example
His rude behavior was inexcusable.
B1 noun ˌɪnspɪˈreɪʃən

inspiration

Meaning
The process of being mentally stimulated to do or feel something, especially to do something creative.
Example
His journey to success became an inspiration for many.
A1 pronoun /aɪ/

i

Meaning
used by a speaker to refer to himself or herself
Example
I am learning English every day.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪkwɪtəs/

iniquitous

Meaning
grossly unfair and morally wrong
Example
Slavery was one of the most iniquitous practices in history.
C2 noun /ɪnˌtɜːrpəˈleɪʃən/

interpolation

Meaning
The act of inserting something into a text or estimating values within a sequence of data.
Example
The scientist used interpolation to predict the missing data points.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdʌstriəsnəs/

industriousness

Meaning
The quality of being hardworking and diligent.
Example
His industriousness earned him a promotion at work.
B2 verb /ɪnˈhæbɪt/

inhabit

Meaning
to live in; to occupy as a dwelling
Example
Many animals inhabit the forest.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdefɪnət/

Indefinite

Meaning
not clearly defined; uncertain; vague; unlimited in time
Example
The meeting has been postponed for an indefinite period.
C2 adjective /ɪˈlɪbərəl/

illiberal

Meaning
Opposed to liberal principles; restricting freedom of thought or behavior.
Example
The government was criticized for its illiberal policies.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/

incapable

Meaning
lacking the ability, skill, or capacity to do something
Example
He is incapable of understanding complex instructions.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvʌlnərəbl/

invulnerable

Meaning
Impossible to harm, damage, or defeat.
Example
The fortress was thought to be invulnerable to attack.
C2 noun /ˈɪkθiəˌsɔːrz/

ichthyosaurs

Meaning
Extinct marine reptiles that resembled fish and dolphins, dominant during the Mesozoic era.
Example
Ichthyosaurs were swift predators of the ancient seas.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnfluˈenʃəl/

Influential

Meaning
having great influence on someone or something; powerful; persuasive
Example
She is an influential leader in the community.
C2 verb ɪmˈbaɪb

imbibe

Meaning
Absorb or assimilate ideas or knowledge. To drink or take in.
Example
He tried to imbibe the wisdom from his mentor.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkwɪˈzɪʃən/

inquisition

Meaning
A prolonged and intense questioning or investigation, often harsh in nature.
Example
The journalist faced an inquisition from the panel about his sources.