federate
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C1 verb /ˈfɛdərət/

federate

Meaning
to unite in a league or federation; to form an alliance
Example
Several states federated to create a stronger union.
C2 noun, verb /ˈfɪlɪˌbʌstər/

filibuster

Meaning
a tactic of delaying legislative action by prolonged speech; to use such a tactic
Example
The senator filibustered for hours to prevent the bill from passing.
A1 noun /ˈfæməli/

family

Meaning
A group consisting of parents and their children, or all the descendants of a common ancestor.
Example
She spends most of her weekends with her family.
C2 noun /fiːf/

fief

Meaning
an estate of land held under the feudal system; a domain or area of control
Example
The knight was granted a fief by the lord for his service.
B2 noun /fraɪt/

Fright

Meaning
a sudden intense feeling of fear; a shock or surprise that causes fear
Example
The loud thunder gave her such a fright that she dropped her coffee cup.
C2 adjective /ˈfraʊzi/

frowsy

Meaning
Scruffy and neglected in appearance; musty or stale in smell.
Example
He wore a frowsy old jacket that smelled of damp.
C1 noun flɛər

flair

Meaning
A natural ability to do something well.
Example
She has a flair for design, always creating visually stunning work.
C1 noun /foʊ/

foe

Meaning
an enemy or opponent
Example
The knight fought bravely against his foe.
C2 noun /ˈfaɪər.brænd/

firebrand

Meaning
a person who is passionate about a cause, often inciting change or action
Example
The activist was a true firebrand, inspiring everyone around him to join the protest.
B2 noun /ˈfɔːrəm/

forum

Meaning
A place, meeting, or medium where ideas and views can be exchanged.
Example
The online forum allows people to discuss a wide range of topics.
C2 noun /ˈfjʊr.ʌŋ.kəl/

Furuncle

Meaning
a painful pus-filled bump under the skin caused by infected, inflamed hair follicles
Example
The doctor prescribed antibiotics to treat the painful furuncle on his neck.
B1 verb /fərˈbɪd/

forbid

Meaning
to order someone not to do something
Example
The school forbids smoking on campus.
B1 adjective /ˈfɒɡi/

foggy

Meaning
Full of or covered with fog; unclear or hazy.
Example
The mountain road was dangerous on the foggy morning.
B2 noun /ˈfluː.ən.si/

fluency

Meaning
The ability to speak or write a language smoothly and effortlessly.
Example
She speaks English with remarkable fluency.
A2 adverb /ˈfaɪ.nəl.i/

Finally

Meaning
at last; after a long time; in the end; as the last point
Example
After years of hard work, she finally achieved her goal.
A1 noun /faɪv/

five

Meaning
The number 5; one more than four and one less than six.
Example
She bought five apples from the market.
B2 adjective /ˈfræntɪk/

frantic

Meaning
Extremely anxious, hurried, or out of control due to fear or excitement.
Example
She made a frantic call to her family after the accident.
C2 adjective /ˈflʌməksd/

flummoxed

Meaning
Completely confused or bewildered.
Example
He looked flummoxed after hearing the strange question.
C2 verb /fɔːrˈfɛnd/

forfend

Meaning
to protect or defend against something undesirable; to prevent
Example
May good fortune forfend any danger from our journey.
C1 noun /fəˈsɑːd/

facade

Meaning
The front of a building; a false or superficial appearance
Example
The building's glass facade reflected the sunset.
B1 adverb /ˈfriːli/

Freely

Meaning
without restriction; openly; willingly
Example
She spoke freely about her experiences during the interview.
C1 noun /ˈfɛtɪʃ/

fetish

Meaning
an excessive or irrational devotion to something
Example
He has a fetish for collecting rare stamps.
A1 adjective /ˈfeɪ.məs/

famous

Meaning
Known about by many people; renowned.
Example
This area is famous for its unique heritage.
C1 noun /ˈfɔː.nə/

fauna

Meaning
The animal life of a particular region, habitat, or geological period.
Example
The fauna of the African savannah includes lions and elephants.
B2 noun ˈflæʃkɑːrdz

flashcards

Meaning
Cards containing small amounts of information, held up for students to see, as an aid to learning.
Example
Flashcards help in quick memorization.
B1 adjective /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/

Fascinating

Meaning
extremely interesting; captivating; enchanting
Example
The documentary about ocean life was fascinating.
A1 noun ˈflaʊərz

Flowers

Meaning
The reproductive structures of plants that provide nectar for butterflies.
Example
Butterflies are attracted to colorful flowers.
C1 noun /fɔːrˈkloʊʒər/

foreclosure

Meaning
The legal process by which a lender takes control of a property from a borrower who has failed to make payments.
Example
The family lost their home due to foreclosure after missing several mortgage payments.
B2 adjective /ˈfʌsi/

fussy

Meaning
hard to please; very concerned with details
Example
The child is very fussy about what she eats.
B2 verb /fʊlˈfɪl/

fulfil

Meaning
to complete or achieve something that was expected or promised; to satisfy a requirement or desire
Example
She worked hard to fulfil her dream of becoming a doctor.
C1 verb /ˈfæbrɪkeɪt/

fabricate

Meaning
to invent or concoct something, often with the intent to deceive; or to construct or manufacture
Example
The witness fabricated his testimony to protect himself.
B1 noun /frʌˈstreɪʃən/

frustration

Meaning
The feeling of being upset or annoyed due to inability to achieve something.
Example
He felt deep frustration when his plans failed.
B2 adjective /flɔːd/

flawed

Meaning
having a mistake or fault that reduces its value or quality
Example
The flawed design of the car led to a recall.
B2 noun /flɔː/

flaw

Meaning
a defect or imperfection in something
Example
The diamond had a small flaw that was barely visible.
C1 verb /fɔːrˈtɛl/

foretell

Meaning
to predict or announce something before it happens
Example
The old man claimed he could foretell the future.
B2 noun /ˈfriː.kwən.si/

Frequency

Meaning
the rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time
Example
The frequency of earthquakes in this region has increased dramatically over the past decade.
B2 noun /ˈfɛmənɪst/

feminist

Meaning
a person who supports equal rights and opportunities for women and men
Example
She proudly calls herself a feminist and fights for gender equality.
A2 noun /fæt/

Fat

Meaning
a natural oily substance occurring in animal bodies; lipid used in cooking
Example
Too much fat in your diet can be unhealthy.
B2 noun /faɪˈnæn.ʃəl rɪˌspɒn.sɪˈbɪl.ə.ti/

financial responsibility

Meaning
The practice of managing money and other financial resources in a responsible and effective manner.
Example
Financial responsibility ensures long-term economic stability.
A1 numeral /fɔːr/

four

Meaning
The number equivalent to the sum of two and two; one more than three.
Example
She has four books on her desk.
B2 verb /ˈflʌrɪʃ/

flourish

Meaning
To grow or develop in a healthy or successful way.
Example
Her business began to flourish after she introduced online sales.
C2 noun /ˈflæt.ər.ər/

Flatterer

Meaning
a person who lavishes praise, often insincerely and in order to gain advantage
Example
The king was surrounded by flatterers who only told him what he wanted to hear.
A2 noun, verb /fɔːrm/

form

Meaning
the shape or structure of something; to bring something into existence
Example
Students filled out the registration form.
A2 verb /fɪks/

fix

Meaning
To repair or make something work again.
Example
The mechanic fixed the broken car.
C1 noun /ˈfaɪər.wɔːl/

firewall

Meaning
A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
Example
A firewall protects networks from cyber-attacks.
B2 adjective /fəˈɡɪv.ɪŋ/

Forgiving

Meaning
ready and willing to forgive; merciful; lenient
Example
She has a forgiving nature and rarely holds grudges.
B2 noun /fliːt/

fleet

Meaning
a group of ships, vehicles, or aircraft operating together under one command
Example
The navy deployed its entire fleet for the exercise.
A1 number /ˌfɪfˈtiːn/

fifteen

Meaning
the number 15
Example
There are fifteen students in the class.
C2 verb /ˈfʌdəl/

fuddle

Meaning
To confuse or stupefy, especially with alcohol or overwhelming information.
Example
The complicated instructions fuddled the new employees.
B2 noun /ˈfɜː.tɪ.laɪ.zər/

fertilizer

Meaning
a substance added to soil to make plants grow more successfully
Example
Farmers use fertilizer to increase crop production.
B2 verb /fliː/

flee

Meaning
To run away from danger or a threatening situation.
Example
The villagers had to flee during the flood.
B2 adjective /ˈflʌfi/

fluffy

Meaning
soft, light, and airy in texture
Example
She baked a fluffy cake for the party.
B2 noun /fiːst/

Feast

Meaning
a large meal, typically one in celebration of something; an annual religious celebration
Example
The wedding feast included traditional dishes from both families' cultures.
B2 noun /ˈfʊtɪdʒ/

footage

Meaning
a recorded film or video, especially one that is used for news or documentaries
Example
The footage of the protest was shown on television all day.
C2 verb /ˈflædʒəˌleɪt/

flagellate

Meaning
to whip or flog someone, either literally or as a form of punishment or self-discipline
Example
In history, some monks would flagellate themselves as penance.
C2 noun /fækˈtoʊtəm/

factotum

Meaning
an employee who does many different types of work; a general servant
Example
He worked as a factotum, handling both clerical and maintenance duties.
B2 verb /flɜːrt/

flirt

Meaning
to behave as if you are attracted to someone, but not in a serious way
Example
She often flirts with her colleagues at work.
B1 verb /fel/

fell

Meaning
to cut down a tree; to cause to fall; to strike down
Example
The lumberjacks felled several trees in the forest today.
C2 adjective /ˈfæn.sɪ.ləs/

fanciless

Meaning
without imagination or creativity; plain or ordinary
Example
His drawings were simple and fanciless.
C1 adjective, adverb (informal, vulgar) /ˈfʌkɪŋ/

fucking

Meaning
used for emphasis, often expressing anger or frustration (vulgar slang)
Example
It was a fucking disaster!
B1 adverb /ˈfɔːtʃənətli/

fortunately

Meaning
by good luck; luckily
Example
Fortunately, no one was injured in the accident.
A1 noun /fʊt/

Foot

Meaning
the lower extremity of the leg that is in direct contact with the ground in standing or walking
Example
She hurt her foot while running.
B1 noun /ˈfjuː.əl/

Fuel

Meaning
a material such as coal, gas, or oil that is burned to produce heat or power
Example
The rising cost of fuel has affected transportation and heating expenses worldwide.
C2 verb /ˈfjuːmɪˌɡeɪt/

fumigate

Meaning
to disinfect or purify an area by using chemical fumes
Example
They fumigated the warehouse to kill the insects.
C1 noun /fɔːn/

Fawn

Meaning
a young deer; a light yellowish-brown color
Example
The mother deer protects her fawn from predators.
B2 noun /ˈfrɛʃnəs/

freshness

Meaning
The quality of being new, clean, and full of energy.
Example
The freshness of the morning air made everyone feel alive.
B2 adjective /fəˈbɪd.ən/

Forbidden

Meaning
not allowed; prohibited; banned
Example
Smoking is strictly forbidden in this building.
C2 noun /ˈflɛkʃən/

flection

Meaning
The act of bending or the state of being bent, especially of a limb or joint.
Example
The doctor tested the patient's knee flection during the examination.
B2 adjective /ˈflɔː.ləs/

Flawless

Meaning
perfect; without any defects or faults; immaculate
Example
Her flawless performance earned her a standing ovation.
A2 adverb/adjective/verb /ˈfɜːrðər/

further

Meaning
At a greater distance; to advance or promote something.
Example
She studied hard to further her career.
C2 noun /ˈfɔːrˌpiːk/

forepeak

Meaning
The compartment in the forward part of a ship, often used for storage.
Example
The sailors stored extra ropes in the forepeak.
C2 noun /ˈflætʃələns/

flatulence

Meaning
the accumulation of gas in the digestive system; excessive gas in the stomach or intestines
Example
Eating beans can sometimes cause flatulence.
B1 noun flæɡz

flags

Meaning
A piece of cloth or similar material, typically oblong or square, attachable by one edge to a pole or rope.
Example
The streets were decorated with national flags.
A1 verb /fɔːl/

fall

Meaning
to drop down from a higher place; to decrease; to happen or occur
Example
The leaves fall from the trees in autumn.
B1 adverb /ˈfɜːrstli/

firstly

Meaning
used to introduce the first point or reason in a discussion or argument
Example
Firstly, we need to address the budget issue before proceeding.
B1 noun /ˈfæktər/

factor

Meaning
A circumstance, fact, or influence that contributes to a result.
Example
Weather is an important factor in crop production.
C1 verb /flɔːnt/

flaunt

Meaning
to show off something proudly, often to attract attention
Example
She likes to flaunt her new jewelry at parties.
A1 noun /ˈfɛb.ruˌɛr.i/

february

Meaning
The second month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, typically having 28 days, or 29 in a leap year.
Example
My birthday is in February, so I always look forward to this month.
A2 adjective, noun /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

favorite

Meaning
Preferred over all others; something or someone especially liked.
Example
Chocolate is my favorite ice cream flavor.
C1 noun /ˈfeɪvərɪtɪzəm/

favoritism

Meaning
the practice of giving unfair preferential treatment to one person or group
Example
The manager was accused of favoritism towards certain employees.
B2 verb /ˈfrʌsˌtreɪt/

frustrate

Meaning
to prevent from accomplishing; to make someone feel annoyed
Example
The traffic jam frustrated all the commuters.
B2 noun fɪkst ˈɪnkʌm

fixed income

Meaning
Investment that provides a return in the form of fixed periodic payments.
Example
Fixed income investments provide reliable returns.
B1 noun /fiː/

fee

Meaning
A payment made for a service or privilege.
Example
The lawyer charged a high fee for his services.
C2 adjective /fəˈlɪsɪtəs/

felicitous

Meaning
well-chosen, appropriate, or pleasing; marked by good fortune or happiness
Example
She made a felicitous remark that lightened the mood.
C2 adjective /ˈfɛkləs/

feckless

Meaning
lacking initiative or strength of character; irresponsible
Example
His feckless attitude at work caused several missed deadlines.
C1 adjective /ˈfænsiːd/

fancied

Meaning
imagined, desired, or believed without evidence
Example
He is a fancied suitor in the eyes of the young lady.
A2 noun /ˈfɔːrənər/ or /ˈfɑːrənər/

foreigner

Meaning
A person from another country.
Example
The city welcomes every foreigner with kindness.
B1 noun /ˈfaɪər.mən/

Fireman

Meaning
a person whose job is to extinguish fires and rescue people
Example
The brave fireman rescued the family from the burning building.
B1 noun /ˈfeɪvər/

favor

Meaning
An act of kindness or approval.
Example
She asked him for a small favor.
B1 verb /floʊt/

float

Meaning
to rest or move on the surface of a liquid or in the air without sinking
Example
The boat began to float gently down the river.
A1 adjective /fjuː/

few

Meaning
A small number of; not many.
Example
Only a few students attended the class.
A2 adverb /fɔːrˈɛvər/

forever

Meaning
For all future time; for always.
Example
She promised to love him forever.
C2 adjective/noun /fɪˈduː.ʃi.er.i/

fiduciary

Meaning
Involving trust, especially with regard to the relationship between a trustee and a beneficiary.
Example
Banks have fiduciary duties towards their clients.
A2 noun /ˈfɪʃ.ər.mən/

Fisherman

Meaning
a person who catches fish as a job or hobby
Example
The fisherman caught three large fish in the river today.
C1 adjective /ˈfeɪt.fəl/

fateful

Meaning
having significant or disastrous consequences
Example
Their fateful decision changed the course of history.
B1 noun /ˈfɛloʊ/

fellow

Meaning
a person who shares a common situation, interest, or activity with another
Example
He is a fellow student in my class.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrsəm/

foursome

Meaning
a group of four people or things, especially in games or social activities
Example
The foursome enjoyed a game of golf together.
C2 noun /ˌfoʊ.mənˈteɪ.ʃən/

fomentation

Meaning
The action of instigating or stirring up; also the application of warm substances to the body to ease pain.
Example
His speech led to the fomentation of violence in the region.
C1 adjective /ˈfaɪə.ri/

Fiery

Meaning
burning; passionate; hot-tempered; showing strong emotion
Example
She has a fiery temper that flares up quickly.
C2 adjective /ˈfrɛtfəl/

fretful

Meaning
Feeling or showing distress or irritation.
Example
The baby was fretful all night and could not sleep.
C1 noun /ˈfæs.ɪt/

facet

Meaning
One of the many aspects or features of something; a particular part or element of something.
Example
Every facet of the project was carefully analyzed.
C2 adjective /ˈfiːbraɪl/

febrile

Meaning
having or showing the symptoms of a fever; or highly excitable or agitated
Example
The patient was in a febrile state with high temperature.
B2 adverb /ˈfɔ:rmoast/

Foremost

Meaning
most importantly; above all; in the first place
Example
First and foremost, we need to ensure safety.
B2 noun /ˈfaɪbər/

fiber

Meaning
a thread or filament from which a textile is formed; dietary substance from plants that aids digestion
Example
Fruits and vegetables are high in fiber.
C2 verb /ˈfrɪzəl/

frizzle

Meaning
to fry something until it becomes crisp and curled, or to make a sizzling noise
Example
The bacon began to frizzle in the pan.
A2 adjective /ˈfæstɪst/

fastest

Meaning
moving or capable of moving at the highest speed
Example
Usain Bolt is the fastest runner in the world.
C1 adjective /ˈfrɛn.zid/

frenzied

Meaning
Wildly excited or uncontrolled
Example
The frenzied crowd cheered as the band took the stage.
B2 noun /ˈfeɪbəl/

fable

Meaning
a short story, typically featuring animals as characters, that conveys a moral lesson
Example
Aesop’s fables are famous for teaching valuable lessons through simple stories.
C2 adjective /ˈfɪt.fəl/

fitful

Meaning
occurring in irregular bursts; not continuous or steady
Example
He had a fitful sleep due to the storm.
B2 adjective /ˈfjʊə.ri.əs/

Furious

Meaning
extremely angry; violent; fierce;
Example
She was furious when she discovered the mistake.
C2 adjective /ˈfæsaɪl/

Facile

Meaning
easily achieved; superficial; lacking depth
Example
His facile explanation didn't address the real problem.
B2 noun fəˈtɪl.ɪ.ti

fertility

Meaning
The quality of being fertile; fruitfulness.
Example
Fertility of the soil is crucial for farming.
C1 noun ˈfæl.ə.si

fallacy

Meaning
False belief, misconception, false reasoning.
Example
The idea that success comes easy is a fallacy.
A2 adjective, adverb /ˈfʊl taɪm/

full-time

Meaning
working or studying for the whole standard period of time
Example
She works full-time as a teacher.
B2 verb /ˈfæs.ɪ.neɪt/

fascinate

Meaning
to attract and hold the attention of someone; to charm or captivate
Example
The magician's performance fascinated the audience.
C1 adjective /ˌfɑːrˈfɛtʃt/

far-fetched

Meaning
unlikely to happen or be true; improbable
Example
His explanation for being late was a bit far-fetched.
C2 verb /frɪsk/

frisk

Meaning
To search a person by patting their clothing to check for concealed items.
Example
The security guard frisked the man at the entrance.
C1 adjective /ˈfɑːð.ər.ləs/

fatherless

Meaning
without a father
Example
The fatherless child relied on the support of his community.
C2 verb /fɔɪst/

foist

Meaning
To impose something unwelcome or unnecessary on someone.
Example
He tried to foist his old books onto his friends.
C1 noun /fæd/

fad

Meaning
a temporary fashion or trend; a short-lived craze
Example
The new diet became a popular fad among teenagers.
B1 adjective /ˈfəʊkəst/

focused

Meaning
Directing a great deal of attention or effort toward a particular activity, situation, or person.
Example
Staying focused during work hours enhances productivity.