expiate
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C2 verb /ˈɛkspieɪt/

expiate

Meaning
to make amends for guilt or wrongdoing
Example
He tried to expiate his crime by helping the poor.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdʒen.dər/

engender

Meaning
To cause or give rise to a feeling, situation, or condition.
Example
The speech engendered hope among the people.
B1 verb /ɪɡˈzæm.ɪn/

examine

Meaning
to look at something carefully in order to understand it
Example
The doctor will examine the patient tomorrow.
C2 adjective /ˈeksɪkrəbl/

execrable

Meaning
Extremely bad or unpleasant.
Example
The movie was so execrable that many people left the theater early.
B2 noun /ˈaɪ.lɪd/

Eyelid

Meaning
either of the upper or lower folds of skin that cover the eye when closed
Example
Her eyelids felt heavy with sleep.
A1 verb /iːt/

eat

Meaning
to put food in the mouth and chew and swallow it
Example
We eat dinner at 7 PM.
C1 noun /ˈaɪ.wɪt.nəs/

Eyewitness

Meaning
a person who has seen something happen and can give evidence about it
Example
The police interviewed several eyewitnesses to the accident.
C2 verb /ɪnˈkæmp/

encamp

Meaning
to set up or establish a camp
Example
The soldiers encamped near the river for the night.
C2 noun /ɛnˈkoʊmiəm/

encomium

Meaning
A speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly.
Example
He delivered an encomium to his retiring teacher.
A1 adjective/adverb /ɪˈnʌf/

enough

Meaning
as much or as many as required
Example
We have enough food for everyone.
C2 adverb /ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəsli/

expeditiously

Meaning
in a quick and efficient manner
Example
The application was processed expeditiously.
C2 adjective /ɪˈkwɪvəkəl/

equivocal

Meaning
Open to more than one interpretation; ambiguous.
Example
His equivocal answer confused everyone.
C2 noun /ˌɛksəˈdʒiːsɪs/

exegesis

Meaning
A critical explanation or interpretation of a text, especially a religious scripture.
Example
The professor gave a detailed exegesis of the biblical passage.
B1 noun ˈem.fə.sɪs

emphasis

Meaning
Special importance, value, or prominence given to something; stress laid on a particular point or aspect.
Example
The speaker placed emphasis on sustainable development.
C1 verb /ˈiːkwəlaɪz/

equalize

Meaning
To make equal or level in status, value, or amount.
Example
The team equalized the score in the last minute.
C1 noun /ˌɛks.həˈleɪ.ʃən/

exhalation

Meaning
The action of breathing out.
Example
Slow exhalation calms the nervous system.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈskluːsɪv/

exclusive

Meaning
restricted to a particular person, group, or area; not shared with others
Example
The hotel offers exclusive access to a private beach.
C2 noun /ˈɛpɪkjʊr/

epicure

Meaning
A person who enjoys fine food and drink, often with refined taste.
Example
As an epicure, she always sought out the finest restaurants in the city.
B2 noun ɪˈroʊʒən

erosion

Meaning
The gradual destruction or diminishing of something.
Example
Power struggles often lead to the erosion of humanity.
C1 noun /ˈɛləkwəns/

eloquence

Meaning
Fluent or persuasive speaking or writing.
Example
His eloquence in speech won him great respect.
B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli/

extensively

Meaning
in a thorough or wide-ranging manner
Example
She traveled extensively across Europe for her research.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspæns/

expanse

Meaning
a wide, open area of land, sea, or sky
Example
The desert is a vast expanse of sand and rock.
C2 verb /ɪnˈkʌmbər/

encumber

Meaning
to burden or weigh down something, making it difficult to move or progress
Example
She was encumbered by the heavy luggage during her journey.
C1 verb /ɪkˈstræpəleɪtɪŋ/

extrapolating

Meaning
Extend the application of (a method or conclusion) to an unknown situation by assuming that existing trends will continue.
Example
Extrapolating from the current data, we can estimate the trends for next year.
B1 noun /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk ɡrəʊθ/

Economic Growth

Meaning
The increase in the production of goods and services in an economy over time, measured by the expansion of economic output, income, and investment.
Example
The country's economic growth has been remarkable over the past decade.
B1 adjective /ɪnˈtaɪər/

Entire

Meaning
complete; whole; not divided or in parts
Example
She read the entire book in one sitting.
A2 adverb /ɪɡˈzækt.li/

Exactly

Meaning
precisely; accurately; in complete agreement
Example
Tell me exactly what happened during the meeting.
C1 noun ˌiː.kəʊˈfrend.li ˌɜː.bən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

eco-friendly urbanization

Meaning
The development of cities in a way that is not harmful to the environment.
Example
Eco-friendly urbanization reduces environmental degradation.
C1 verb /ɜːr/

err

Meaning
to make a mistake or be incorrect
Example
To err is human, to forgive divine.
A2 noun /ɪmˈplɔɪər/

employer

Meaning
A person or organization that hires and pays people to work.
Example
The employer promised better benefits to attract skilled workers.
C1 adjective /ˌɛvərˈlæstɪŋ/

everlasting

Meaning
Lasting forever or for an indefinitely long time.
Example
The poet wrote about his everlasting love for nature.
C2 adjective /ˌɛvɪˈdɛnʃəl/

evidential

Meaning
relating to or providing evidence
Example
The lawyer presented evidential support for her claims.
B2 noun ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

environmental degradation

Meaning
The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources and destruction of ecosystems.
Example
Environmental degradation threatens biodiversity.
B1 noun /ˈɛlɪmənt/

element

Meaning
A basic or essential part of something; a simple substance that cannot be broken down further.
Example
Trust is a key element of any strong relationship.
C1 adverb ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəli

experimentally

Meaning
In a way that is based on or derived from experiment and observation rather than theory.
Example
Bose demonstrated findings experimentally.
B2 noun /ˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪk səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

economic sustainability

Meaning
The ability of an economy to support a defined level of economic production indefinitely.
Example
Economic sustainability drives long-term growth.
C1 adjective ˌɜː.ɡəˈnɒm.ɪk

ergonomic

Meaning
Designed for efficiency and comfort in the working environment; user-friendly and reducing strain.
Example
The chair has an ergonomic design for better posture.
C1 adjective ˈek.wɪ.tə.bəl

equitable

Meaning
Fair and impartial
Example
Equitable AI ensures fairness in technology use.
C1 noun /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/

etymology

Meaning
The study of the origin of words and how their meanings and forms have evolved.
Example
The etymology of the word 'salary' comes from the Latin word for salt.
C1 verb /ɪˈdʒɛkt/

eject

Meaning
to force someone or something out, usually from a place or position
Example
The referee had to eject the player for unsportsmanlike behavior.
C1 verb /ɪˈloʊp/

elope

Meaning
to run away secretly in order to get married, especially without parental consent
Example
The young couple decided to elope to another city.
C2 noun /ˈɛkwɪpɔɪz/

equipoise

Meaning
A state of balance or equilibrium.
Example
Her calmness created an equipoise in the heated debate.
C2 noun /ˈɪəri/

eyry

Meaning
an alternative spelling of eyrie; a nest of a bird of prey
Example
The falcon guarded its eyry fiercely.
A1 adverb /ˈevər/

Ever

Meaning
at any time; always; in any way
Example
Have you ever been to Paris?
C2 verb /ˈekspərˌɡeɪt/

expurgate

Meaning
To remove offensive or objectionable parts from a text or speech.
Example
The publisher decided to expurgate the novel before reprinting it.
C2 verb /ɪnˈtriːt/

entreat

Meaning
To ask earnestly or beg someone to do something.
Example
She entreated him to stay a little longer.
B1 adjective /ˈɛstɪmeɪtɪd/

estimated

Meaning
roughly calculated or judged; an approximate value or amount
Example
The estimated cost of the project is five million dollars.
B2 noun /ˈiː.ɡoʊ/

Ego

Meaning
a person's sense of self-esteem or self-importance
Example
His big ego prevented him from accepting criticism from others.
C2 noun /ˈɛpəlɛt/

epaulet

Meaning
An ornamental shoulder piece on a garment, especially on the coat or jacket of a military uniform.
Example
The general’s uniform had a golden epaulet on each shoulder.
B2 noun /ɪˈfɛktɪvnəs/

effectiveness

Meaning
the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result.
Example
The effectiveness of the new policy is still being evaluated.
C1 adjective /ˌiːvænˈdʒɛlɪkəl/

evangelical

Meaning
Relating to the Christian gospel, especially the teachings that emphasize personal faith and the authority of the Bible.
Example
She grew up in an evangelical church community.
A2 adverb /ˈiːkwəli/

equally

Meaning
in an equal or fair way; to the same degree
Example
The prize money was equally divided among the winners.
B2 adjective ɪˈvɒlvɪŋ

evolving

Meaning
Developing gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form; changing and developing.
Example
Education plays a role in evolving societal norms.
C1 adjective /ɪˈspeʃəl/

especial

Meaning
Particularly remarkable or significant; distinguished from others
Example
This is an especial opportunity you should not miss.
B2 noun ˈekwɪti

equity

Meaning
The value of the shares issued by a company.
Example
Owning equity in a company can yield significant returns.
C1 exclamation /juˈriːkə/

eureka

Meaning
An exclamation used to express a sudden discovery or realization.
Example
When the solution finally came to him, he shouted, 'Eureka!'
B2 noun /ˈen.tə.praɪz/

Enterprise

Meaning
a project or undertaking, especially a bold or complex one
Example
The space exploration enterprise required years of planning and preparation.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪd/

exhilarated

Meaning
feeling very happy, animated, or elated
Example
She felt exhilarated after finishing the marathon.
C2 noun /ɪˈlɪziəm/

elysium

Meaning
A place or state of perfect happiness; in Greek mythology, the afterlife paradise.
Example
For her, the garden was a personal elysium.
C2 noun /ɪˈlɪksər/

elixir

Meaning
A magical or medicinal potion believed to cure illnesses or grant immortality.
Example
The old legend spoke of an elixir that could grant eternal youth.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈstætɪk/

ecstatic

Meaning
Feeling or expressing overwhelming happiness or excitement.
Example
The fans were ecstatic after their team won the championship.
C2 adjective /ˈek.wə.bəl/

Equable

Meaning
calm and even-tempered; not easily disturbed
Example
He maintained an equable temperament throughout the crisis.
C1 noun /ˈiː.dən/

Eden

Meaning
a place or state of great happiness; paradise
Example
The garden was like Eden, filled with beautiful flowers and peaceful atmosphere.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈsplɔɪtətɪv/

exploitative

Meaning
making use of a situation or people unfairly and unethically for one's own advantage
Example
The workers protested against the exploitative practices of the factory.
C1 noun ˈiː.θɒs

ethos

Meaning
The characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations.
Example
The company's ethos is built on innovation and integrity.
B2 noun ˌel.ɪ.dʒəˈbɪl.ə.ti

eligibility

Meaning
The state of having the right to do or obtain something through satisfaction of the appropriate conditions.
Example
Eligibility criteria maintain fairness.
B1 verb /ˈɛdjʊˌkeɪt/

educate

Meaning
to give knowledge, skills, or training to someone; to teach
Example
Parents should educate their children about healthy habits.
B2 adjective ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl

ecological

Meaning
Relating to ecology or the environment.
Example
Deforestation threatens the ecological balance of the planet.
C1 noun /ˈɛkstrəˌvɜːrt/

extrovert

Meaning
a person who is outgoing, sociable, and energized by being around other people
Example
As an extrovert, she enjoys meeting new people at social events.
B1 adverb /ɛtˈsɛtərə/

etcetera

Meaning
used at the end of a list to indicate that other similar items are included
Example
She bought apples, oranges, bananas, etcetera from the market.
B1 adverb /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

Entirely

Meaning
completely; wholly; fully
Example
The building was entirely destroyed in the fire.
C1 verb /ɪnˈɡʌlf/

engulf

Meaning
to completely surround or cover something or someone
Example
The village was engulfed by floodwaters.
B2 noun /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈmuːvmənt/

environmental movement

Meaning
A social or political movement aimed at protecting the environment and promoting sustainable practices through advocacy, education, and policy changes.
Example
The environmental movement focuses on reducing pollution and protecting ecosystems.
C2 noun /ˈɛpɪɡræm/

epigram

Meaning
A short, witty saying or poem that expresses an idea in a clever way.
Example
Oscar Wilde was famous for his sharp epigrams.
B2 noun /ˈɛθɪks/

ethics

Meaning
moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conduct of an activity
Example
Business ethics require companies to act fairly and responsibly.
C1 verb /ɪnˈlaɪvən/

enliven

Meaning
to make something more lively, interesting, or cheerful
Example
Her jokes helped enliven the dull meeting.
C2 adjective /ˈɛstɪməbl/

estimable

Meaning
Worthy of great respect.
Example
Her estimable achievements inspired the whole community.
B1 adjective /ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl/

electrical

Meaning
related to electricity or the use of electrical power
Example
The electrical system in the house needs repair.
B1 noun /ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈkɛtəl/

Electric Kettle

Meaning
An electrical appliance that heats water quickly using electricity
Example
The electric kettle automatically turns off when the water starts boiling.
C2 verb /ɪsˈtʃuː/

eschew

Meaning
to deliberately avoid or abstain from something
Example
She chose to eschew junk food for a healthier diet.
B2 noun /ˌɛdɪˈtɔːriəl/

editorial

Meaning
A newspaper article expressing the opinion of the editor or publisher.
Example
The newspaper published an editorial criticizing government policy.
B1 adjective /ˈiː.ɡər/

Eager

Meaning
showing keen interest; enthusiastic; having or showing desire and excitement
Example
She was eager to start her new job.
B2 noun /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

exhaustion

Meaning
A state of extreme physical or mental fatigue.
Example
Chronic exhaustion can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.
A2 noun /ɪˈfekt/

Effect

Meaning
a change that is a result or consequence of an action or other cause
Example
The new medicine had a positive effect on the patient's recovery.
C1 noun /ˈjuːlədʒi/

eulogy

Meaning
A speech or piece of writing that praises someone, especially after their death.
Example
Her brother delivered a heartfelt eulogy at the funeral.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspɛktənsi/

expectancy

Meaning
the state of expecting something; anticipation or likelihood
Example
There was a sense of expectancy in the room before the results were announced.
C1 adjective /ˌɛnɪɡˈmætɪk/

enigmatic

Meaning
mysterious and difficult to interpret or understand
Example
He gave me an enigmatic smile.
B2 verb /ɪˈkwɪp/

equip

Meaning
to provide someone or something with the necessary items or skills for a task
Example
The school equipped its students with modern technology.
C2 noun /ˈɛlɪdʒi/

elegy

Meaning
A poem or song expressing sorrow, especially for someone who has died.
Example
The poet wrote an elegy for his late friend.
A1 number /eɪt/

eight

Meaning
The number equivalent to the product of two and four; one more than seven.
Example
There are eight apples in the basket.
C2 adjective /ˈɛdɪfaɪɪŋ/

edifying

Meaning
Providing moral or intellectual instruction or enlightenment.
Example
The documentary was both entertaining and edifying.
C2 verb /ɪˈfeɪsɪŋ/

effacing

Meaning
erasing or making oneself inconspicuous; to remove or diminish in significance
Example
She kept effacing herself during the meeting so that others could shine.
C2 noun /ˈɛpəlɛt/

epaulette

Meaning
A variant spelling of epaulet, also meaning a shoulder ornament, especially on military uniforms.
Example
The officer’s epaulette shone brightly under the sunlight.
C2 verb /ɪkˈstruːd/

extrude

Meaning
to force something out through a small opening; to shape by pushing material through a mold
Example
The factory extrudes plastic pipes using modern machines.
A1 verb /ˈiːtɪŋ/

eating

Meaning
the act of consuming food
Example
They were eating dinner when the phone rang.
C2 adjective /ɪˈfɛmɪnət/

effeminate

Meaning
Having traits, tastes, or habits traditionally considered feminine, often used negatively for men.
Example
The critics described him as effeminate due to his gentle manner.
B2 verb /ɪˈrʌpt/

erupt

Meaning
to burst forth suddenly and violently
Example
The volcano erupted after centuries of dormancy.
B2 noun /ɪɡˌzædʒ.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

Exaggeration

Meaning
a statement that represents something as better or worse than it really is
Example
His story about the fish he caught was clearly an exaggeration.
C1 verb /ɪnˈʃraɪn/

enshrine

Meaning
to preserve or cherish something as sacred or important
Example
The constitution enshrines the right to freedom of speech.
C2 adjective /ˌɛnkəˈmiːæstɪk/

encomiastic

Meaning
Expressing praise; laudatory.
Example
The book was filled with encomiastic remarks about the author.
C1 verb /ˈiːvzdrɒp/

eavesdrop

Meaning
to secretly listen to a conversation
Example
She stood near the door to eavesdrop on their conversation.
C1 adjective /ˈɛm.ɪ.nənt/

eminent

Meaning
Famous and respected within a particular sphere or profession.
Example
He is an eminent scientist known for groundbreaking research.
C2 verb /ɪnˈsnɛər/

ensnare

Meaning
to catch or trap, often by trickery or deceit
Example
The hunter ensnared the rabbit with a net.
B1 adverb /ɪˈfɛktɪvli/

effectively

Meaning
in a way that produces the desired result; efficiently and successfully
Example
The team worked together effectively to finish the project on time.
A2 noun /ɪˈlek.trɪk fæn/

Electric fan

Meaning
a device with rotating blades that creates airflow to cool or ventilate a room
Example
The electric fan keeps the room cool during hot summer days.
C2 verb /ɪkˈstɛmpəraɪz/

extemporize

Meaning
To speak or perform without preparation; improvise.
Example
The actor had to extemporize when he forgot his lines.
C2 noun /ˌɛmjʊˈleɪ.ʃən/

emulation

Meaning
Reproducing something or following someone to achieve success.
Example
The software allows the emulation of old video games on modern devices.
B2 noun /ˈɪə.rə/

Era

Meaning
a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic
Example
The Renaissance was an era of great artistic and cultural achievement.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɪɡ.mə/

enigma

Meaning
A person or thing that is mysterious, puzzling, or difficult to understand.
Example
Life remains an enigma to many.
B1 noun /ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt/

enjoyment

Meaning
the state or process of taking pleasure or satisfaction in something
Example
She felt great enjoyment while reading her favorite book.
B2 verb /ɪˈvoʊk/

evoke

Meaning
to bring a feeling, memory, or image into the mind
Example
The old song evoked memories of her childhood.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzuːbərənt/

exuberant

Meaning
full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness
Example
The children were exuberant after winning the game.
B1 adverb /ˈɛlswɛr/

elsewhere

Meaning
In, at, or to some other place.
Example
If you can’t find it here, try looking elsewhere.
A2 adverb /ˈev.ri.weər/

Everywhere

Meaning
in all places; wherever you go
Example
The internet allows us to connect with people everywhere.
C2 verb /ɛnˈdʒɔɪn/

enjoin

Meaning
to instruct or urge someone to do something; to prohibit legally
Example
The judge enjoined the company from continuing its activities.
B2 adjective /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/

experimental

Meaning
based on untested ideas or techniques; relating to experiments or testing
Example
The scientists developed an experimental drug to treat cancer.
C2 noun /ˌiː.mɛnˈdeɪ.ʃən/

emendation

Meaning
a correction or improvement made to a text
Example
The article required several emendations before it was ready for print.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈstreɪ.ni.əs/

extraneous

Meaning
Not directly related or essential to the matter at hand; irrelevant.
Example
The editor removed extraneous details from the report.
A2 noun /ɛmˈplɔɪ.iː/

employee

Meaning
A person who works for an organization or company in return for payment.
Example
The company values each employee's contribution to its success.
B2 noun /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk ˈsɪs.təm/

economic system

Meaning
The organized framework for production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in society.
Example
Capitalism, socialism, and mixed economies are types of economic systems.
B1 adjective /ˈɛd.jʊ.keɪ.tɪd/

educated

Meaning
Having received a good level of formal schooling or training; knowledgeable
Example
She is an educated woman who values lifelong learning.