environmental
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B1 adjective /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntl/

environmental

Meaning
relating to the natural world and the impact of human activity on its condition
Example
The company adopted new policies to reduce environmental damage.
C2 adjective /səˈpʌlkrəl/

sepulchral

Meaning
Relating to a tomb or burial; gloomy, dismal.
Example
The abandoned house had a sepulchral silence about it.
B2 adjective /ˈskætərd/

Scattered

Meaning
spread widely apart; dispersed; occurring here and there
Example
Scattered showers are expected throughout the day.
C1 noun /ˈbɑːr.tər ˌsɪs.təm/

barter system

Meaning
A system of exchange where goods and services are traded directly without using money.
Example
Ancient civilizations used the barter system for trade.
B2 verb /ɪnˈsɜːrt/

insert

Meaning
to put or place something into something else
Example
Please insert the key into the lock.
C1 adjective /dɪˈlɪriəs/

delirious

Meaning
in an extremely disturbed or excited state of mind, often due to illness or emotion
Example
He was delirious with fever and kept muttering nonsense.
C2 adjective /ˈsiːmli/

seemly

Meaning
proper or appropriate in behavior or appearance
Example
It was not seemly to argue loudly during the ceremony.
C2 adjective /ˈlæk.rɪ.moʊs/

lachrymose

Meaning
tearful or given to weeping; sad and mournful
Example
The movie's lachrymose ending left the audience in tears.
A2 adjective /ˈɑːnɪst/

honest

Meaning
free of deceit and untruthfulness; sincere
Example
She is known as an honest and trustworthy person.
A2 noun /ˈtɛlɪfəʊn/

telephone

Meaning
a system for transmitting voices over a distance using wire or radio, typically for communication.
Example
I need to make a telephone call to my friend.
C2 noun /ˈkælvɪnɪzəm/

calvinism

Meaning
A Protestant theological system based on John Calvin’s teachings, emphasizing predestination and the sovereignty of God.
Example
Calvinism played a major role in shaping Protestant theology.
B2 noun /fraɪt/

Fright

Meaning
a sudden intense feeling of fear; a shock or surprise that causes fear
Example
The loud thunder gave her such a fright that she dropped her coffee cup.
C2 adjective /dɪˈrɒɡətɪv/

derogative

Meaning
Expressing a low opinion or showing lack of respect.
Example
He made a derogative remark about her work.
C1 adjective /təˈrɛstriəl/

terrestrial

Meaning
Relating to the Earth or land as opposed to the sea or air; living or growing on land.
Example
Humans are terrestrial beings who live on land.
A2 noun ˈɡeɪ.mɪŋ

gaming

Meaning
The practice of playing video games or competitive games.
Example
Gaming has evolved into a billion-dollar industry.
C1 verb /ˈkʌvət/

covet

Meaning
to desire something belonging to someone else
Example
He coveted his neighbor's new car.
B1 noun /dɪˈzɜːrts/ (noun: reward or punishment deserved)

deserts

Meaning
what someone deserves, especially punishment or reward
Example
He finally got his just deserts for cheating in the exam.
C2 noun /ˈdɛskænt/

descant

Meaning
An additional melody or counterpoint sung or played above the main melody.
Example
The choir added a beautiful descant to the hymn.
A1 noun /pəˈliːs/

police

Meaning
a body of officers representing the civil authority of government
Example
The police arrived quickly to investigate the scene.
B2 noun /ˈwɔːl.nʌt/

Walnut

Meaning
an edible nut with a hard shell and a wrinkled appearance
Example
I love to eat walnuts with honey for breakfast.
A2 noun /ɪˈvent/

event

Meaning
something that happens, especially something important
Example
The concert was the biggest event of the year.
C2 noun /ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

Irruption

Meaning
a sudden violent entry; an invasion or raid; a sudden outburst or eruption
Example
The army's irruption into enemy territory caught the opposing forces completely off guard.
C2 noun /ˈkriːməri/

creamery

Meaning
a place where milk and cream are processed and dairy products are made
Example
The local creamery produces fresh butter and cheese daily.
A2 noun /ˈfɑː.loʊ.ɪŋ/

following

Meaning
a group of supporters or people who admire something or someone
Example
The singer has a large following around the world.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmjuːn/

immune

Meaning
protected from disease or from the effects of something
Example
Children who are vaccinated are immune to many diseases.
C1 verb /səˈlɪdəˌfaɪ/

solidify

Meaning
To make something firm, strong, or more certain.
Example
The company solidified its position in the market.
C1 verb /ˈɡrætɪfaɪ/

gratify

Meaning
to give pleasure or satisfaction to someone
Example
It gratified him to know his work was appreciated.
C1 verb /ɪˈroʊd/

erode

Meaning
to gradually wear away or destroy by natural forces such as water, wind, or chemical action
Example
The coastline has begun to erode due to constant waves.
C2 adjective /ˌpluːˈpɜːrfɪkt/

pluperfect

Meaning
a verb tense expressing an action completed before another past action
Example
By the time she arrived, he had finished his homework, showing the pluperfect tense.
C1 noun /kəˈluːʒən/

collusion

Meaning
A secret agreement or cooperation, especially for an illegal or dishonest purpose.
Example
There was evidence of collusion between the officials and the contractors.
C2 adjective /ˌdɛlɪˈkwɛsənt/

deliquescent

Meaning
tending to become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air
Example
Sugar is not deliquescent, but salt can be.
B2 noun ˌæs.pɪˈreɪ.ʃən

aspiration

Meaning
A hope or ambition of achieving something, a strong desire or goal to achieve something.
Example
His aspiration is to become a successful entrepreneur.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdaɪt/

indite

Meaning
To write or compose (literary or formal works).
Example
The poet indited a heartfelt sonnet.
C1 verb /ˌriːəˈdʒʌst/

readjust

Meaning
To change or move something again in order to achieve a better fit, condition, or balance.
Example
He readjusted the chair to make it more comfortable.
C1 verb /fɔːrˈkloʊz/

foreclose

Meaning
to take possession of a property due to the owner's failure to keep up mortgage payments
Example
The bank decided to foreclose on the property after months of missed payments.
B1 noun /trænzˈleɪʃən/

translation

Meaning
the process of converting text or speech from one language into another
Example
She completed the translation of the book within two months.
B2 noun /ˈpæs.taɪm/

Pastime

Meaning
an activity done regularly for enjoyment; a hobby or recreational activity
Example
Reading books is her favorite pastime during weekends.
B2 noun /ˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Genius

Meaning
exceptional intellectual or creative power or other natural ability; a person who has such ability
Example
Einstein was recognized as a genius for his groundbreaking contributions to physics.
B2 noun /ˈʃʌtəl/

shuttle

Meaning
a vehicle or craft that travels regularly between two places.
Example
The airport shuttle runs every 30 minutes.
C2 noun /dɪˈpɔːrtmənt/

deportment

Meaning
A person's behavior or manners, especially in a formal situation.
Example
Her deportment during the ceremony impressed everyone.
A2 conjunction /ʌnˈlɛs/

unless

Meaning
except if
Example
We won't go unless it stops raining.
B1 verb /tɔs/

toss

Meaning
To throw something lightly or casually; to move or turn suddenly.
Example
He tossed the keys onto the table.
C2 verb /ˌdɛlɪˈkwɛs/

deliquesce

Meaning
to become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air
Example
The salt began to deliquesce after being left in the humid room.
C1 noun ˌdʒɛriˈætrɪk səˈsaɪəti

geriatric society

Meaning
A society or community where elderly people make up a large proportion of the population
Example
A geriatric society demands specialized healthcare systems.
C2 noun /oʊd/

ode

Meaning
a lyrical poem, often expressing praise or strong emotions
Example
The poet wrote an ode to the beauty of nature.
B2 noun /ˈtrænskrɪpt/

transcript

Meaning
a written or printed version of material originally presented in another medium
Example
The professor asked for a transcript of the meeting.
B2 adverb /rɪˈlʌk.tənt.li/

Reluctantly

Meaning
in an unwilling manner; with hesitation or resistance
Example
She reluctantly agreed to help with the project.
A2 adverb /ɪnˈdiːd/

indeed

Meaning
used to emphasize or confirm a statement
Example
It was a long journey indeed.
B1 noun tɪk mɑːrk

tick mark

Meaning
A mark (✓) used to indicate that something is correct or has been chosen, checked, or dealt with.
Example
I put a tick mark on all the completed tasks.
A1 verb /bʌt/

but

Meaning
to hit or push with the head or horns; to strike forcefully
Example
The goat butted against the fence.
B1 verb /ˌɪntərˈækt/

interact

Meaning
to communicate or work together with someone or something
Example
Students interact with teachers during class discussions.
C1 adjective /ˈsɪn.tɪ.leɪ.tɪŋ/

scintillating

Meaning
brilliantly clever, exciting, or sparkling
Example
Her scintillating conversation kept everyone entertained.
C2 adjective /dɪˈkɔːrəs/

decourous

Meaning
characterized by propriety, good taste, and proper manners
Example
She maintained a decourous silence during the ceremony.
C2 noun /ˈsɒfɪst/

sophist

Meaning
a person who uses clever but misleading arguments
Example
He was dismissed as a sophist who twisted facts to win debates.
A1 noun /deɪts/

Dates

Meaning
sweet brown oval fruits that grow on date palm trees
Example
Dates are commonly eaten during Ramadan to break the fast.
C2 verb /ɪˈfeɪsɪŋ/

effacing

Meaning
erasing or making oneself inconspicuous; to remove or diminish in significance
Example
She kept effacing herself during the meeting so that others could shine.
B2 verb /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/

acknowledge

Meaning
to accept or admit the existence or truth of something; to recognize
Example
She acknowledged her mistake and apologized.
C1 adjective + noun kəˈmendəbəl ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

commendable initiatives

Meaning
Praiseworthy efforts or actions that deserve admiration and approval.
Example
The commendable initiatives aim to raise awareness.
A1 adverb /wen/

When

Meaning
at what time; at the time that; during the time that
Example
When will you arrive at the station?
B2 noun /ˈlʊkɪŋ ɡlæs/

Looking glass

Meaning
a mirror; a piece of glass that reflects images
Example
She looked at herself in the looking glass.
B2 adjective /ʌnprəˈfɛʃ.ən.əl/

Unprofessional

Meaning
not conforming to the standards expected in a particular profession
Example
His unprofessional behavior led to his dismissal from the company.
C1 noun/verb /θrɒŋ/

throng

Meaning
A large, densely packed crowd of people or animals; to fill or be present in a place in large numbers.
Example
Tourists thronged the streets during the festival.
A2 verb /riːˈsaɪ.kəl/

recycle

Meaning
to process used materials so they can be used again instead of being thrown away
Example
We should recycle paper and plastic to reduce waste.
C2 noun /ˈænθrəsaɪt/

anthracite

Meaning
A hard, shiny form of coal that burns with little smoke and a high heat value.
Example
The factory used anthracite as its primary fuel source.
C1 noun /ˈtem.pɚ.əns/

temperance

Meaning
Moderation in action, thought, or feeling; restraint.
Example
Temperance is essential for a balanced life.
C1 adjective /ˈfjuː.dəl/

feudal

Meaning
relating to the system of feudalism, a medieval social system based on land ownership and obligations
Example
The castle is a remnant of the feudal era.
C2 noun /ˈɡɜːrdər/

girder

Meaning
a large, strong beam used to support buildings or bridges
Example
The steel girders held the weight of the bridge.
C1 verb /rɪɡ/

rig

Meaning
to manipulate or control something dishonestly; to set up equipment
Example
The election was rigged by corrupt officials.
A2 noun /ˈsɪriz/

Series

Meaning
a number of events, objects, or people of a similar or related kind coming one after another; a set of related television or radio programmes
Example
The detective series ran for five successful seasons.
C1 adjective /tjuːˈmʌltʃuəs/

tumultuous

Meaning
Characterized by disorder, noisy excitement, or emotional agitation.
Example
They had a tumultuous relationship full of ups and downs.
B2 verb /dɪˈspætʃ/

dispatch

Meaning
to send off to a destination or for a purpose
Example
The company dispatched aid to the flood victims.
B2 noun /ˌrek.riˈeɪ.ʃən/

Recreation

Meaning
an activity that is done for enjoyment; the process of making something exist again
Example
The park provides recreation facilities for children and adults.
C2 noun /ˈbærəˌɡræf/

barograph

Meaning
an instrument that records changes in atmospheric pressure
Example
The scientist checked the barograph for pressure variations.
C1 noun /mɪˈrɑːʒ/

Mirage

Meaning
An optical illusion caused by atmospheric conditions, especially in deserts
Example
The travelers saw a mirage of water in the desert.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsɪɡniə/

insignia

Meaning
A badge or symbol that shows rank, position, or membership.
Example
The soldier proudly wore the insignia of his regiment.
B1 noun /ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃən/

demonstration

Meaning
the act of showing something clearly, or a public protest
Example
The workers organized a demonstration for better wages.
C2 noun /ˈfɔːrˌseɪl/

foresail

Meaning
The principal sail set on the foremast of a sailing vessel.
Example
The crew adjusted the foresail to catch the wind.
B2 noun /ˈskaɪˌskreɪpər/

Skyscraper

Meaning
a very tall building of many stories
Example
The new skyscraper dominates the city's skyline.
B1 adverb /əˈperəntli/

Apparently

Meaning
seemingly; as far as one knows or can see; clearly; evidently
Example
Apparently, the meeting has been postponed to next week.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdjʊər.ə.bəl/

Endurable

Meaning
able to be endured; bearable; tolerable
Example
The pain was endurable with proper medication.
C1 adjective /ˌmed.iˈiː.vəl/

Mediaeval

Meaning
relating to the Middle Ages; medieval
Example
The castle displayed mediaeval architecture and design.
A2 verb,noun /pæk/

pack

Meaning
to put things into a container for storage or transport; a collection of items kept together
Example
She packed her clothes into a suitcase for the trip.
C1 verb /ɔːrˈdeɪn/

ordain

Meaning
To officially make someone a priest or minister; to decree or order something officially.
Example
The bishop will ordain three new priests this Sunday.
C1 noun /ˈseɪ.tən/

Satan

Meaning
the chief evil spirit; the Devil in Christian and Islamic belief
Example
According to religious texts, Satan tempts people to sin.
C1 noun kɒɡˈnɪʃ.ən

cognition

Meaning
The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
Example
Cognition plays a key role in learning.
C1 noun prɪˈdɪk.ə.mənt

predicament

Meaning
A difficult, unpleasant, or embarrassing situation.
Example
Losing both jobs put him in a financial predicament.
B2 noun /θred/

thread

Meaning
a long, thin strand of cotton, nylon, or other fibers used for sewing
Example
She used a red thread to sew the torn button back on.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒnvɛks/

convex

Meaning
curved or rounded outward
Example
The lens has a convex shape to focus light.
B2 noun /ˌrɪəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

realization

Meaning
the act of becoming fully aware of something as a fact
Example
Her realization of the problem helped solve the issue.
A1 noun /skuːl/

school

Meaning
An institution for educating children; also a group of people sharing the same ideas or discipline.
Example
The children walked to school together.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpʌl.sɪv/

Repulsive

Meaning
extremely unpleasant; causing strong dislike or disgust
Example
The smell of rotten eggs was absolutely repulsive.
C1 verb /ˈbruːtəlaɪz/

brutalize

Meaning
to treat someone with extreme violence or cruelty; to make something harsh or cruel
Example
The regime was accused of brutalizing innocent civilians.
C1 adjective /fərˈlɔːrn/

forlorn

Meaning
extremely sad, lonely, or abandoned
Example
The abandoned puppy looked so forlorn in the rain.
B2 adjective /ˈflɔːrəl/

floral

Meaning
Relating to flowers or decorated with flowers.
Example
She wore a beautiful floral dress to the party.
B2 verb /ˈpenɪtreɪt/

penetrate

Meaning
to go into or through something; to understand something deeply
Example
The bullet penetrated the wall.
C1 noun ˈsɪnədʒi

synergy

Meaning
The interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations, substances, or other agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.
Example
The synergy between the two companies led to a successful partnership.
A1 noun ˈræbɪt

rabbit

Meaning
A small mammal with long ears, long hind legs, and a short tail
Example
The rabbit ran quickly into the forest.
B2 verb /ˈɛmɪˌɡreɪt/

emigrate

Meaning
To leave one's own country in order to settle permanently in another.
Example
Many people emigrated from Europe to America in the 19th century.
C1 noun /baɪl/

Bile

Meaning
a bitter greenish-brown alkaline fluid that aids digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
Example
The liver produces bile to help digest fats.
B2 noun /ˈfʊtɪdʒ/

footage

Meaning
a recorded film or video, especially one that is used for news or documentaries
Example
The footage of the protest was shown on television all day.
B2 noun əˈmendmənt

amendment

Meaning
A minor change in a document.
Example
The amendment was not supported.
A2 noun /ˈleɪ.di/

Lady

Meaning
a woman, especially one of refined or gentle manners; a polite term for any woman
Example
The elderly lady crossed the street with the help of her walking stick.
B2 noun /ˈlɒdʒɪk/

logic

Meaning
Reasoning conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity.
Example
Her argument was based on sound logic.
B2 noun /ˌspeʃiˈælɪti/

Speciality

Meaning
a particular area of activity or interest that someone focuses on; expertise in a specific field
Example
His speciality is Italian cuisine.
B2 noun /ˈmeɪnstriːm/

mainstream

Meaning
the ideas, attitudes, or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional; the dominant trend in opinion or fashion
Example
Social media has become a mainstream source of news for many people.
C1 noun /krʌks/

crux

Meaning
the most important or decisive point of an issue
Example
The crux of the problem lies in poor communication.
B1 noun ˈtaɪmər

timer

Meaning
An automatic mechanism for activating a device at a preset time; a device that measures time intervals.
Example
He set the timer for 30 minutes to complete the task.
C2 adverb /əˈmʌk/

amok

Meaning
Behaving uncontrollably and disruptively.
Example
The angry mob ran amok after the verdict was announced.
C2 verb /prɒɡˈnɒstɪkeɪt/

prognosticate

Meaning
To foretell or predict future events, especially based on current signs.
Example
Experts attempted to prognosticate the outcome of the election.
C2 verb /ˈdɒdə/

dodder

Meaning
To move in a weak and unsteady way, especially due to old age.
Example
The old man doddered across the street with a cane.
B2 noun /ˈweə(r)haʊs/

warehouse

Meaning
a large building where goods are stored before being sold or distributed
Example
The company stores all its products in a big warehouse.
C2 adjective /ˈlɪɡ.ni.əs/

ligneous

Meaning
having the texture or appearance of wood; woody
Example
The ligneous stem supported the heavy flowers.
C2 noun /ɪkˈskrɛsəns/

excrescence

Meaning
An abnormal outgrowth or lump, often considered unattractive.
Example
The building was considered an excrescence on the landscape.
B2 noun /ˈtjuːmər/

tumor

Meaning
an abnormal mass of tissue caused by excessive cell growth
Example
The doctor found a benign tumor during the medical check-up.
B1 noun /ˈwiːknəs/

weakness

Meaning
a state of being weak; a flaw or shortcoming in character or structure
Example
His main weakness is his lack of patience.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnsələnt/

insolent

Meaning
showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect
Example
The insolent student refused to follow the teacher's instructions.
C1 adjective bəˈnev.əl.ənt

benevolent

Meaning
Kind, generous, showing goodwill and kindness.
Example
His benevolent nature made him beloved.
B2 verb /ˈsmʌɡəl/

smuggle

Meaning
to move goods illegally into or out of a country
Example
The gang tried to smuggle gold across the border.
C2 verb /ɪnˈɡrɑːft/

ingraft

Meaning
To implant or fix deeply, often used in the sense of grafting an idea or quality.
Example
The teacher tried to ingraft good manners in the students.
B2 noun ˌnæv.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən

navigation

Meaning
The process or activity of accurately ascertaining one's position and planning and following a route.
Example
GPS technology has improved the navigation of self-driving cars.
C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌliːtər/

decaliter

Meaning
A metric unit of capacity equal to ten liters.
Example
The container could hold up to one decaliter of water.