effectuate
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C2 verb /ɪˈfɛktʃueɪt/

effectuate

Meaning
to put into force or cause to happen; to bring about
Example
The manager effectuated the changes to improve efficiency.
C1 noun /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

euthanasia

Meaning
The practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.
Example
The debate about euthanasia raises difficult ethical questions.
B1 adverb /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

Entirely

Meaning
completely; wholly; fully
Example
The building was entirely destroyed in the fire.
C1 adjective /ɪˈɡriːdʒəs/

egregious

Meaning
Outstandingly bad; shocking.
Example
The company was fined for its egregious safety violations.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɔːrmɪti/

enormity

Meaning
The extreme scale, seriousness, or extent of something perceived as bad or morally wrong.
Example
The enormity of the crime shocked the entire community.
B2 noun /ˈen.ə.dʒi sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti/

energy security

Meaning
The reliable availability of energy sources at an affordable price for a nation or region.
Example
Energy security ensures consistent supply.
C1 verb /ɪnˈθjuːz/

enthuse

Meaning
to express excitement or admiration
Example
She enthused about her trip to Italy.
C1 noun /ˈɛdɪfɪs/

edifice

Meaning
A large, impressive building or structure.
Example
The museum is an impressive edifice in the city center.
B1 noun /ˈempaɪər/

empire

Meaning
a group of countries or regions controlled by one ruler or government
Example
The Roman Empire lasted for centuries.
B2 noun /ˌɛkskləˈmeɪʃən/

exclamation

Meaning
A sudden cry or remark expressing strong emotion or surprise.
Example
She let out an exclamation of joy when she heard the news.
A2 verb /ɪkˈspleɪn/

explain

Meaning
to make something clear or easy to understand by describing it in more detail
Example
The teacher explained the difficult concept to the students.
B1 adjective /ɪmˈbær.ə.sɪŋ/

Embarrassing

Meaning
causing shame or awkwardness; uncomfortable; humiliating
Example
It was embarrassing when I forgot her name.
B2 verb /ɪɡˈzɔːst/

exhaust

Meaning
to tire out completely; to use up resources
Example
The long journey exhausted the children.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈsprɛsɪv/

expressive

Meaning
Effectively conveying thought or feeling.
Example
Her eyes were so expressive that no words were needed.
A2 noun /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsɪti/

electricity

Meaning
A form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles.
Example
The storm caused a power cut and we had no electricity.
A2 noun ɪˈvɛnts

events

Meaning
A thing that happens, especially one of importance.
Example
Several events were held across the country.
C1 verb /ˈɛm.jʊˌleɪt/

emulate

Meaning
to imitate someone or something with the intent to equal or surpass
Example
Young athletes often emulate their idols.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈsɛntrɪk/

eccentric

Meaning
unconventional and slightly strange in behavior or appearance
Example
The artist was known for his eccentric style.
B2 noun /ˈɛθɪks/

ethics

Meaning
moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conduct of an activity
Example
Business ethics require companies to act fairly and responsibly.
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzɒnəreɪt/

exonerate

Meaning
To clear someone from blame or accusation.
Example
The court exonerated her from all charges.
C1 noun /ˈiː.zi tʃeər/

Easy-chair

Meaning
a comfortable chair with arms and a back that reclines
Example
He relaxed in his favorite easy-chair after work.
C2 adjective /ˈɛnərˌveɪtɪd/

enervated

Meaning
Lacking energy, vitality, or strength; weakened or exhausted.
Example
After the long meeting, she felt completely enervated.
C1 noun /iːl/

Eel

Meaning
a long, snake-like fish that lives in both fresh and salt water
Example
The electric eel can generate powerful electric shocks.
C2 noun /ɪnˈkʌmbrəns/

encumbrance

Meaning
a burden or obstacle that makes progress or movement difficult
Example
Debt can become a serious encumbrance in life.
C1 noun /ɛnˈdɔːr.fɪnz/

endorphins

Meaning
Chemical compounds produced by the brain that reduce pain and create feelings of happiness.
Example
Exercise releases endorphins, reducing stress and pain.
B2 verb /ɪˈmɪt/

emit

Meaning
to send out something such as light, heat, sound, or gas
Example
The factory emits smoke into the atmosphere.
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzuːd/

exude

Meaning
to display a quality strongly and openly; to release a liquid or smell slowly
Example
He exudes confidence whenever he speaks in public.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdʒen.dər/

engender

Meaning
To cause or give rise to a feeling, situation, or condition.
Example
The speech engendered hope among the people.
B2 noun /ɪˈsteɪt/

estate

Meaning
A large area of land, property, or possessions owned by someone, often including a big house.
Example
The family owned a large estate in the countryside.
C1 adjective /ˈɛm.ɪ.nənt/

eminent

Meaning
Famous and respected within a particular sphere or profession.
Example
He is an eminent scientist known for groundbreaking research.
B2 adjective /ˈɛv.ə.ɡriːn/

evergreen

Meaning
Remaining green and functional throughout the year; not shedding leaves seasonally.
Example
Evergreen trees like pine and fir stay green year-round.
B2 noun /ɪkˈskluːʒən/

exclusion

Meaning
The process or state of being left out or denied access.
Example
The policy led to the exclusion of certain groups.
C1 adjective ɪˈθɪə.ri.əl

ethereal

Meaning
Extremely delicate and light in a way that seems too perfect for this world.
Example
Her voice had an ethereal quality.
B2 verb /ɪkˈsploʊd/

explode

Meaning
to burst or shatter violently and noisily as a result of rapid combustion or pressure
Example
The bomb exploded in the middle of the street.
B2 verb /ɪnˈkwaɪər/

enquire

Meaning
to ask for information about something
Example
He enquired about the train schedule.
A2 noun /ˈer.ər/

Error

Meaning
a mistake; something done incorrectly or wrong
Example
The error in the calculation led to incorrect results.
B2 noun /ˈɛmbəsi/

embassy

Meaning
the official residence or offices of an ambassador
Example
He works at the French embassy in Dhaka.
B2 verb/noun /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/

exhibit

Meaning
To display or show publicly; something put on display.
Example
The museum will exhibit ancient artifacts.
C1 noun /ˈɛf.ɪ.kə.si/

efficacy

Meaning
The ability to produce a desired or intended result; effectiveness.
Example
The efficacy of the vaccine has been proven in trials.
C2 noun /ˈiːən/

eon

Meaning
an indefinitely long period of time; an age
Example
Dinosaurs lived millions of years ago, in a different eon.
C2 noun /ɪkˈskrɛsəns/

excrescence

Meaning
An abnormal outgrowth or lump, often considered unattractive.
Example
The building was considered an excrescence on the landscape.
C2 noun /ɪˈfʌldʒəns/

effulgence

Meaning
Brilliant radiance or shining brightness.
Example
The effulgence of the sunrise lit up the entire valley.
B1 adjective /ˈɛstɪmeɪtɪd/

estimated

Meaning
roughly calculated or judged; an approximate value or amount
Example
The estimated cost of the project is five million dollars.
C2 adjective /ˌɛkstrəˌdʒuːˈdɪʃəl/

extrajudicial

Meaning
done outside the authority of the legal system or judicial process
Example
The activists condemned the extrajudicial killings.
C2 noun /ˌɛfəˈvɛsəns/

effervescence

Meaning
The release of gas bubbles; vivacity or high-spiritedness.
Example
Her effervescence made her the life of the party.
B2 adjective /ɪˈlɛktərəl/

electoral

Meaning
related to elections or voting
Example
The electoral process in the country has been reformed in recent years.
B1 adjective /ɪɡˈzækt/

Exact

Meaning
precise; accurate; completely correct
Example
Please give me the exact time of the meeting.
C1 noun /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃmənt/

encroachment

Meaning
the act of gradually intruding or taking over someone’s rights, land, or space
Example
The villagers protested against the encroachment on their farmland.
C2 noun /ˌiː.kəʊ.tɒkˈsɪ.kə.lə.dʒi/

ecotoxicology

Meaning
The study of the effects of chemical pollution on the environment.
Example
Ecotoxicology studies the effects of pesticides on wildlife.
C1 adjective /ɪˈfɛm.ər.əl/

ephemeral

Meaning
Lasting for a very short time; temporary or transitory.
Example
The beauty of cherry blossoms is ephemeral.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspʌlʃən/

expulsion

Meaning
The act of forcing someone to leave a place, especially a school or country.
Example
His constant misbehavior led to his expulsion from school.
B1 noun /ˈɝːθ.kweɪk/

earthquake

Meaning
A sudden and violent shaking of the ground as a result of movements within the earth's crust.
Example
A powerful earthquake struck Japan last night.
C2 verb /ˈekspərˌɡeɪt/

expurgate

Meaning
To remove offensive or objectionable parts from a text or speech.
Example
The publisher decided to expurgate the novel before reprinting it.
A2 noun /ɪkˈsaɪt.mənt/

Excitement

Meaning
a feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness
Example
The children could barely contain their excitement about the upcoming field trip.
C1 noun /ˈɛksədəs/

exodus

Meaning
A mass departure of people from a place.
Example
There was a sudden exodus of workers after the strike began.
C2 adjective /ˌɛvəˈnɛsənt/

evanescent

Meaning
Quickly fading or disappearing; lasting for only a very short time.
Example
The beauty of the sunset was evanescent, fading within minutes.
B2 noun /ˈet.ɪ.kət/

Etiquette

Meaning
the customary code of polite behavior in society or among members of a particular profession
Example
Proper etiquette requires standing when a lady enters the room.
C2 noun /ˌɛpɪˈdɜːrmɪs/

epidermis

Meaning
the outer layer of cells covering the body of an organism, especially the skin
Example
The epidermis protects the body from harmful bacteria.
B1 noun /ɪɡˈzɪs.təns/

Existence

Meaning
the fact or state of living or having objective reality; being alive
Example
Scientists are searching for evidence of life's existence on other planets.
C1 verb /ɪkˈspend/

expend

Meaning
to use up or consume; to spend energy or resources
Example
He expended all his energy on the project.
B1 verb /ɪɡˈzɪst/

exist

Meaning
to have being or reality; to be present
Example
Dinosaurs existed millions of years ago.
C2 verb /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪt/

excruciate

Meaning
to cause intense pain or suffering
Example
The injury excruciated him with unbearable pain.
C2 verb /ɛksˈhjuːm/

exhume

Meaning
to dig out something buried, especially a body from the ground
Example
The archaeologists decided to exhume the ancient remains.
C1 verb /ɪnˈɡroʊs/

engross

Meaning
to absorb all the attention or interest of someone
Example
She was so engrossed in the book that she forgot the time.
B2 verb /ɪˈveɪd/

evade

Meaning
To escape or avoid something, especially by cleverness or trickery.
Example
He tried to evade the question by changing the subject.
B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɜrnəli/

externally

Meaning
in a way that relates to the outer surface or outside appearance
Example
The building appeared externally modern, but inside it was quite old-fashioned.
C1 adjective /ˌiːɡoʊˈsentrɪk/

egocentric

Meaning
thinking only about yourself and not about others
Example
His egocentric behavior annoyed everyone at the meeting.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdjuː/

endue

Meaning
To provide or endow with a quality or ability.
Example
The leader was endued with wisdom and courage.
C1 verb /ɪˈlɪsɪt/

elicit

Meaning
To draw out a response, answer, or reaction from someone.
Example
The teacher’s question elicited thoughtful answers from the students.
C1 verb /ˈɛkstrɪkeɪt/

extricate

Meaning
To free someone or something from a constraint or difficulty.
Example
The firefighters extricated the passengers from the wrecked car.
B1 noun ɪˈkwɒl.ə.ti

equality

Meaning
The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities.
Example
Equality in education is a key goal.
C2 noun /ɪˈlɛk.trə.taɪp/

electrotype

Meaning
A duplicate printing plate made by electroplating a mold of the original.
Example
The printer used an electrotype to produce multiple copies of the page.
C2 verb /ɪkˈspeɪʃiˌeɪt/

expatiate

Meaning
to speak or write at length or in detail
Example
The professor expatiated on the importance of critical thinking.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈstɜːr.nəl/

External

Meaning
coming from or relating to the outside; not belonging to or originating from within
Example
The company hired external consultants to review their business strategy.
B2 noun /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk ˈsɪs.təm/

economic system

Meaning
The organized framework for production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in society.
Example
Capitalism, socialism, and mixed economies are types of economic systems.
B2 noun /ˌɛvəˈluːʃən/

evolution

Meaning
the gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form
Example
The theory of evolution explains how species change over time.
B1 noun ˈem.fə.sɪs

emphasis

Meaning
Special importance, value, or prominence given to something; stress laid on a particular point or aspect.
Example
The speaker placed emphasis on sustainable development.
C2 noun/adjective /ɪˈmɒliənt/

emollient

Meaning
a substance that softens or soothes the skin
Example
She used an emollient cream to treat her dry skin.
B1 noun /ɪkˈsten.ʃən/

Extension

Meaning
the action of extending something; additional time or space
Example
The professor granted an extension for the assignment deadline.
C1 verb /ɪˈnjuːməˌreɪt/

enumerate

Meaning
to mention things one by one; to list or count
Example
She enumerated the reasons for her decision.
A1 verb /iːt/

eat

Meaning
to put food in the mouth and chew and swallow it
Example
We eat dinner at 7 PM.
C2 verb /ɪnˈkæmp/

encamp

Meaning
to set up or establish a camp
Example
The soldiers encamped near the river for the night.
C2 adjective /ˈek.wə.bəl/

Equable

Meaning
calm and even-tempered; not easily disturbed
Example
He maintained an equable temperament throughout the crisis.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɑːrk/

embark

Meaning
to begin a journey, project, or activity
Example
She decided to embark on a new career in medicine.
B1 verb /ɪkˈspænd/

expand

Meaning
To increase in size, number, or importance.
Example
The company plans to expand its operations into new markets.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɒtɪk/

erotic

Meaning
relating to or tending to arouse sexual desire or excitement
Example
The novel contained several erotic scenes.
C1 verb /ɪˈleɪt/

elate

Meaning
To make someone very happy or proud.
Example
The success of the project elated the whole team.
B1 adjective ɪˈməʊʃənl

emotional

Meaning
Having feelings that are easily excited and openly displayed.
Example
Visiting the burial site made him emotional.
B2 noun /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/

establishment

Meaning
An organization, business, or system; the act of setting something up.
Example
The restaurant is a new establishment in town.
C2 verb /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪt/

exhilarate

Meaning
To make someone feel very happy, animated, or excited.
Example
The mountain view exhilarated the travelers.
C1 verb /ɪnˈlaɪvən/

enliven

Meaning
to make something more lively, interesting, or cheerful
Example
Her jokes helped enliven the dull meeting.
A2 noun /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/

equipment

Meaning
the necessary tools, machines, or other items needed for a particular purpose
Example
The laboratory bought new equipment for research.
C2 verb /ɪsˈtʃuː/

eschew

Meaning
to deliberately avoid or abstain from something
Example
She chose to eschew junk food for a healthier diet.
B1 adjective /ˈel.dər.li/

Elderly

Meaning
aged; advanced in years; old
Example
The elderly man walked slowly with his cane.
A2 noun ˌedʒ.ʊˈkeɪ.ʃən

education

Meaning
The process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university.
Example
Quality education is key to progress.
C2 noun ˌiːkwəˈnɪməti

equanimity

Meaning
Mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in a difficult situation.
Example
She handled the news with remarkable equanimity.
C2 verb /ˌɛvəˈnɛs/

evanesce

Meaning
To disappear gradually; to fade away.
Example
The mist began to evanesce as the sun rose higher.
B1 noun /ɪkˈspens/

Expense

Meaning
the cost required for something; money spent on something
Example
The travel expense for the business trip was covered by the company.
C2 noun /ɪɡˈzækʃən/

exaction

Meaning
the act of demanding or obtaining something, especially unfairly
Example
The peasants suffered under the king's heavy exactions.
C2 noun /ˈɛmbəˌlɪzəm/

embolism

Meaning
the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by a clot or other foreign matter
Example
The patient suffered a fatal pulmonary embolism.
A2 adjective /ɪˈlɛktrɪk/

electric

Meaning
Relating to or operated by electricity.
Example
The room was lit by an electric lamp.
C2 adjective /ˈɛksplɪkəbəl/

explicable

Meaning
able to be explained or understood
Example
His sudden anger was explicable given the stressful situation.
A2 noun /ɪˈvent/

event

Meaning
something that happens, especially something important
Example
The concert was the biggest event of the year.
C1 verb /ɪkˈstoʊl/

extol

Meaning
to praise enthusiastically and highly
Example
The teacher extolled the student's dedication and hard work.
C1 adjective /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃəl/

existential

Meaning
Relating to human existence, often concerning meaning or purpose of life.
Example
She went through an existential crisis during her midlife.
C1 noun /ˈɑːnkɔːr/

encore

Meaning
An additional performance demanded by an audience at the end of a show.
Example
The band returned to the stage for an encore.
C2 noun /ˈiːɡres/

egress

Meaning
The action of going out or leaving a place; an exit.
Example
The emergency door provided an egress for the trapped workers.
C2 verb /ɪˈmæskjʊleɪt/

emasculate

Meaning
To make someone weaker or less effective; to deprive of strength or vigor.
Example
The constant criticism emasculated his confidence.
C1 exclamation /juˈriːkə/

eureka

Meaning
An exclamation used to express a sudden discovery or realization.
Example
When the solution finally came to him, he shouted, 'Eureka!'
C2 noun /ˌiː.tiˈɒ.lə.dʒi/

etiology

Meaning
the cause or origin of a disease or condition
Example
Doctors are studying the etiology of the new virus.
B1 verb ɪkˈspændɪŋ

expanding

Meaning
Becoming larger or more extensive; increasing in size, number, or importance.
Example
Expanding education opportunities helps reduce inequality.
C2 adjective /ɪˈlɪʒən/

elysian

Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of paradise; delightful and heavenly.
Example
They spent an elysian week on the quiet island.
C2 noun /ɪˈpɪsəl/

epistle

Meaning
A letter, especially a formal or didactic one; often used for letters in the New Testament.
Example
He wrote a long epistle to his friend about his travels.
B2 verb /ɪnˈrɪtʃ/

enrich

Meaning
To improve or enhance the quality or value of something.
Example
Space exploration enriches human understanding.
A1 pronoun /ˈɛvrɪθɪŋ/

everything

Meaning
all things; the whole lot
Example
He packed everything in his suitcase.
B2 verb ˈel.ɪ.veɪt

elevate

Meaning
To lift to a higher position; to raise to a more important or impressive level.
Example
Good leadership can elevate team performance.
B1 noun /ˈiː.tɪŋ ˈhæb.ɪts/

eating habits

Meaning
A person's usual pattern and preferences in food consumption.
Example
Developing good eating habits leads to better health.
A2 noun /ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi/

economy

Meaning
The wealth and resources of a country or region.
Example
A stable economy is essential for national growth.
C2 noun /ˌɛksɪˈɡjuːɪti/

exiguity

Meaning
the quality of being scanty or meager in amount
Example
The exiguity of resources made the project difficult to complete.
C1 verb /ɪˈlæps/

elapse

Meaning
to pass or go by, usually referring to time
Example
Several hours elapsed before he finally returned home.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdɪr/

endear

Meaning
To cause someone to be loved or liked.
Example
Her kindness and generosity endeared her to the community.